metal-organic compounds
Bis{2,2′-[(2-aminoethyl)azanediyl]diethanaminium} di-μ-sulfido-bis(disulfidogermanate)
aInstitute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243002, People's Republic of China, and bDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: zhangqf@ahut.edu.cn
In the title compound, (C6H20N4)2[Ge2S6], the dimeric [Ge2S6]4− anion is formed by two edge-sharing GeS4 tetrahedral units. The average terminal and bridging Ge—S bond lengths are 2.158 (14) and 2.276 (6) Å, respectively. The anions and the diprotonated ammonium cations are organized into a three-dimensional network by N—H⋯S and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
Related literature
For background to main group metal–chalcogenide compounds, see: Bowes & Ozin (1996); Zheng et al. (2002, 2005). For a related structure, see: Jia et al. (2005).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S160053681200092X/hy2497sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681200092X/hy2497Isup2.hkl
GeO2 (104.6 mg, 1.0 mmol) and S (128.0 mg, 4.0 mmol) were mixed with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (2.0569 g) in a 23 ml Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and stirred for 20 min. The vessel was sealed and heated to 190°C for 6 d and then cooled to room temperature. Colorless flake crystals were obtained and air dried. The yield based on GeO2 is about 40%. Analysis, calculated for C12H40Ge2N8S6: C 22.7, H 6.36, N 17.7%; found: C 22.5, H 6.31, N 17.6%.
C-bound H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined as riding atoms. with C—H = 0.97 (CH2) Å and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). N-bound H atoms were located from a difference Fourier map and refined isotropically.
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The structure of the title compound, showing displacement ellipsoids at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. Packing diagram of the title compound. Dashed lines denote hydrogen bonds. |
(C6H20N4)2[Ge2S6] | F(000) = 1312 |
Mr = 634.06 | Dx = 1.628 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 3750 reflections |
a = 25.2845 (17) Å | θ = 2.9–26.8° |
b = 7.3173 (4) Å | µ = 2.83 mm−1 |
c = 16.6001 (9) Å | T = 296 K |
β = 122.637 (4)° | Block, colorless |
V = 2586.3 (3) Å3 | 0.19 × 0.16 × 0.15 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2952 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2243 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.051 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −28→32 |
Tmin = 0.616, Tmax = 0.677 | k = −9→9 |
11988 measured reflections | l = −21→20 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.111 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0694P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2952 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
159 parameters | Δρmax = 1.05 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −1.08 e Å−3 |
(C6H20N4)2[Ge2S6] | V = 2586.3 (3) Å3 |
Mr = 634.06 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 25.2845 (17) Å | µ = 2.83 mm−1 |
b = 7.3173 (4) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 16.6001 (9) Å | 0.19 × 0.16 × 0.15 mm |
β = 122.637 (4)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2952 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 2243 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.616, Tmax = 0.677 | Rint = 0.051 |
11988 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.111 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 1.05 e Å−3 |
2952 reflections | Δρmin = −1.08 e Å−3 |
159 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Ge1 | 0.046082 (16) | 0.40953 (4) | 0.47830 (2) | 0.02516 (14) | |
S1 | −0.02392 (4) | 0.64364 (11) | 0.40812 (6) | 0.0284 (2) | |
S2 | 0.14075 (4) | 0.50236 (13) | 0.53795 (7) | 0.0368 (2) | |
S3 | 0.01711 (4) | 0.17923 (11) | 0.38125 (6) | 0.0322 (2) | |
N1 | 0.16919 (14) | 0.0976 (3) | 0.2936 (2) | 0.0291 (7) | |
N2 | 0.10013 (18) | 0.4325 (5) | 0.3045 (3) | 0.0375 (8) | |
H1N | 0.074 (2) | 0.358 (6) | 0.263 (3) | 0.042 (12)* | |
H2N | 0.096 (3) | 0.399 (9) | 0.342 (6) | 0.11 (3)* | |
H3N | 0.0834 (19) | 0.559 (6) | 0.295 (3) | 0.043 (11)* | |
N3 | 0.08225 (18) | −0.1798 (5) | 0.3167 (3) | 0.0411 (8) | |
H4N | 0.061 (2) | −0.179 (7) | 0.340 (4) | 0.062 (17)* | |
H5N | 0.066 (2) | −0.111 (6) | 0.277 (3) | 0.040 (14)* | |
N4 | 0.09320 (16) | 0.0946 (5) | 0.0738 (2) | 0.0344 (7) | |
H6N | 0.070 (2) | 0.112 (6) | 0.100 (4) | 0.054 (14)* | |
H7N | 0.1009 (18) | 0.199 (6) | 0.058 (3) | 0.038 (11)* | |
H8N | 0.0691 (18) | 0.031 (5) | 0.019 (3) | 0.034 (10)* | |
C1 | 0.19669 (17) | 0.2513 (5) | 0.3611 (3) | 0.0353 (8) | |
H1A | 0.2403 | 0.2653 | 0.3812 | 0.042* | |
H1B | 0.1957 | 0.2233 | 0.4174 | 0.042* | |
C2 | 0.16258 (18) | 0.4298 (5) | 0.3188 (3) | 0.0370 (9) | |
H2A | 0.1874 | 0.5293 | 0.3610 | 0.044* | |
H2B | 0.1584 | 0.4496 | 0.2578 | 0.044* | |
C3 | 0.18437 (18) | −0.0753 (5) | 0.3472 (3) | 0.0375 (9) | |
H3A | 0.2283 | −0.0737 | 0.3987 | 0.045* | |
H3B | 0.1784 | −0.1755 | 0.3048 | 0.045* | |
C4 | 0.14468 (19) | −0.1096 (5) | 0.3891 (3) | 0.0396 (9) | |
H4A | 0.1659 | −0.1972 | 0.4409 | 0.048* | |
H4B | 0.1401 | 0.0035 | 0.4152 | 0.048* | |
C5 | 0.19364 (17) | 0.0959 (5) | 0.2311 (3) | 0.0342 (8) | |
H5A | 0.2350 | 0.0400 | 0.2652 | 0.041* | |
H5B | 0.1983 | 0.2209 | 0.2165 | 0.041* | |
C6 | 0.15200 (18) | −0.0063 (5) | 0.1386 (3) | 0.0372 (8) | |
H6A | 0.1745 | −0.0252 | 0.1070 | 0.045* | |
H6B | 0.1419 | −0.1252 | 0.1526 | 0.045* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Ge1 | 0.0285 (2) | 0.0261 (2) | 0.0180 (2) | 0.00119 (14) | 0.01058 (16) | 0.00061 (12) |
S1 | 0.0353 (5) | 0.0292 (4) | 0.0177 (4) | 0.0043 (3) | 0.0123 (4) | 0.0038 (3) |
S2 | 0.0288 (5) | 0.0419 (6) | 0.0347 (5) | −0.0023 (4) | 0.0138 (4) | 0.0004 (4) |
S3 | 0.0412 (5) | 0.0293 (5) | 0.0231 (4) | 0.0015 (4) | 0.0153 (4) | −0.0034 (3) |
N1 | 0.0328 (16) | 0.0249 (14) | 0.0219 (14) | 0.0012 (12) | 0.0097 (12) | 0.0013 (11) |
N2 | 0.045 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0295 (18) | 0.0025 (16) | 0.0191 (17) | 0.0009 (15) |
N3 | 0.047 (2) | 0.043 (2) | 0.035 (2) | 0.0016 (17) | 0.0230 (18) | −0.0023 (16) |
N4 | 0.0356 (18) | 0.0358 (18) | 0.0248 (16) | 0.0000 (15) | 0.0116 (15) | 0.0001 (14) |
C1 | 0.0354 (19) | 0.0322 (19) | 0.0274 (18) | −0.0033 (15) | 0.0097 (15) | −0.0042 (14) |
C2 | 0.041 (2) | 0.0298 (19) | 0.037 (2) | −0.0050 (16) | 0.0187 (18) | −0.0034 (15) |
C3 | 0.044 (2) | 0.0283 (19) | 0.039 (2) | 0.0064 (16) | 0.0216 (18) | 0.0079 (15) |
C4 | 0.050 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.029 (2) | −0.0008 (17) | 0.0186 (18) | 0.0017 (15) |
C5 | 0.0314 (19) | 0.038 (2) | 0.0273 (18) | 0.0032 (15) | 0.0119 (16) | 0.0041 (14) |
C6 | 0.044 (2) | 0.035 (2) | 0.0268 (18) | 0.0076 (16) | 0.0151 (16) | −0.0008 (15) |
Ge1—S2 | 2.1482 (10) | N4—H8N | 0.90 (4) |
Ge1—S3 | 2.1677 (9) | C1—C2 | 1.514 (5) |
Ge1—S1i | 2.2715 (9) | C1—H1A | 0.9700 |
Ge1—S1 | 2.2804 (9) | C1—H1B | 0.9700 |
N1—C5 | 1.466 (5) | C2—H2A | 0.9700 |
N1—C1 | 1.471 (4) | C2—H2B | 0.9700 |
N1—C3 | 1.473 (4) | C3—C4 | 1.519 (6) |
N2—C2 | 1.465 (5) | C3—H3A | 0.9700 |
N2—H1N | 0.85 (4) | C3—H3B | 0.9700 |
N2—H2N | 0.73 (8) | C4—H4A | 0.9700 |
N2—H3N | 0.99 (4) | C4—H4B | 0.9700 |
N3—C4 | 1.467 (5) | C5—C6 | 1.511 (5) |
N3—H4N | 0.81 (5) | C5—H5A | 0.9700 |
N3—H5N | 0.75 (5) | C5—H5B | 0.9700 |
N4—C6 | 1.479 (5) | C6—H6A | 0.9700 |
N4—H6N | 0.90 (5) | C6—H6B | 0.9700 |
N4—H7N | 0.87 (4) | ||
S2—Ge1—S3 | 115.74 (4) | N2—C2—C1 | 112.4 (3) |
S2—Ge1—S1i | 112.57 (4) | N2—C2—H2A | 109.1 |
S3—Ge1—S1i | 110.36 (4) | C1—C2—H2A | 109.1 |
S2—Ge1—S1 | 111.28 (4) | N2—C2—H2B | 109.1 |
S3—Ge1—S1 | 110.26 (3) | C1—C2—H2B | 109.1 |
S1i—Ge1—S1 | 94.69 (3) | H2A—C2—H2B | 107.9 |
Ge1i—S1—Ge1 | 85.31 (3) | N1—C3—C4 | 113.4 (3) |
C5—N1—C1 | 109.8 (3) | N1—C3—H3A | 108.9 |
C5—N1—C3 | 110.4 (3) | C4—C3—H3A | 108.9 |
C1—N1—C3 | 109.5 (3) | N1—C3—H3B | 108.9 |
C2—N2—H1N | 116 (3) | C4—C3—H3B | 108.9 |
C2—N2—H2N | 120 (6) | H3A—C3—H3B | 107.7 |
H1N—N2—H2N | 94 (6) | N3—C4—C3 | 111.6 (3) |
C2—N2—H3N | 112 (2) | N3—C4—H4A | 109.3 |
H1N—N2—H3N | 113 (4) | C3—C4—H4A | 109.3 |
H2N—N2—H3N | 101 (5) | N3—C4—H4B | 109.3 |
C4—N3—H4N | 108 (4) | C3—C4—H4B | 109.3 |
C4—N3—H5N | 109 (3) | H4A—C4—H4B | 108.0 |
H4N—N3—H5N | 102 (5) | N1—C5—C6 | 113.3 (3) |
C6—N4—H6N | 112 (3) | N1—C5—H5A | 108.9 |
C6—N4—H7N | 111 (3) | C6—C5—H5A | 108.9 |
H6N—N4—H7N | 109 (4) | N1—C5—H5B | 108.9 |
C6—N4—H8N | 110 (2) | C6—C5—H5B | 108.9 |
H6N—N4—H8N | 107 (4) | H5A—C5—H5B | 107.7 |
H7N—N4—H8N | 107 (4) | N4—C6—C5 | 111.6 (3) |
N1—C1—C2 | 112.9 (3) | N4—C6—H6A | 109.3 |
N1—C1—H1A | 109.0 | C5—C6—H6A | 109.3 |
C2—C1—H1A | 109.0 | N4—C6—H6B | 109.3 |
N1—C1—H1B | 109.0 | C5—C6—H6B | 109.3 |
C2—C1—H1B | 109.0 | H6A—C6—H6B | 108.0 |
H1A—C1—H1B | 107.8 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H1N···S3ii | 0.85 (4) | 2.61 (5) | 3.445 (4) | 170 (4) |
N2—H2N···S2 | 0.73 (8) | 2.91 (8) | 3.470 (4) | 136 (6) |
N2—H2N···S3 | 0.73 (8) | 2.89 (8) | 3.514 (4) | 145 (7) |
N2—H3N···N3iii | 0.99 (4) | 1.95 (4) | 2.897 (5) | 159 (4) |
N4—H6N···S3ii | 0.90 (5) | 2.44 (5) | 3.311 (4) | 163 (4) |
N4—H7N···S2iv | 0.87 (4) | 2.50 (4) | 3.357 (4) | 170 (3) |
N4—H8N···S3v | 0.90 (4) | 2.47 (4) | 3.362 (4) | 171 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (ii) −x, y, −z+1/2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) x, −y+1, z−1/2; (v) x, −y, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | (C6H20N4)2[Ge2S6] |
Mr | 634.06 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 25.2845 (17), 7.3173 (4), 16.6001 (9) |
β (°) | 122.637 (4) |
V (Å3) | 2586.3 (3) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.83 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.19 × 0.16 × 0.15 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.616, 0.677 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 11988, 2952, 2243 |
Rint | 0.051 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.042, 0.111, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 2952 |
No. of parameters | 159 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 1.05, −1.08 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H1N···S3i | 0.85 (4) | 2.61 (5) | 3.445 (4) | 170 (4) |
N2—H2N···S2 | 0.73 (8) | 2.91 (8) | 3.470 (4) | 136 (6) |
N2—H2N···S3 | 0.73 (8) | 2.89 (8) | 3.514 (4) | 145 (7) |
N2—H3N···N3ii | 0.99 (4) | 1.95 (4) | 2.897 (5) | 159 (4) |
N4—H6N···S3i | 0.90 (5) | 2.44 (5) | 3.311 (4) | 163 (4) |
N4—H7N···S2iii | 0.87 (4) | 2.50 (4) | 3.357 (4) | 170 (3) |
N4—H8N···S3iv | 0.90 (4) | 2.47 (4) | 3.362 (4) | 171 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, y, −z+1/2; (ii) x, y+1, z; (iii) x, −y+1, z−1/2; (iv) x, −y, z−1/2. |
Acknowledgements
This project was supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of China (NCET-08–0618).
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
There has been an extensive interest in main group metal–chalcogenide compounds because of their unique structures and potential applications in areas such as semiconductors and photocatalysis (Zheng et al., 2005). To synthesize related compounds, many attempts have been made to the reaction of metal-sulfur fluxes at high temperature (Bowes & Ozin, 1996). Compared to the harsh conditions, solvothermal synthesis in a lower temperature is the most efficient choice for the synthesis of metal–chalcogenide complexes (Zheng et al., 2002). In this paper, we report the hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a new thiogermanate, [taeaH2]2[Ge2S6] (taea = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine).
The title compound is composed of a dimeric [Ge2S6]4- anion and two diprotonated [taeaH2]2+ cations (Fig. 1). The dimeric anion is constructed by two edge-sharing tetrahedral GeS4 units, forming a planar four-membered Ge2S2 ring. The S—Ge—S angles from the tetrahedral unit display a range from 94.68 (3) to 115.75 (4)°. The Ge—S—Ge angle in the four-membered Ge2S2 ring is 85.32 (3)°. The average bond length of Ge—St (terminal bond) is shorter than that of Ge—Sb (bridging bond) by 0.118 Å. The bond parameters in the title compound are similar to those found in the other thiogermmanates (Jia et al., 2005). Two terminal amine groups from the taea molecule are protonated to balance negative charges of the dimeric anion. The anions and cations are organized into an extended three-dimensional network by N—H···N and N—H···S hydrogen bonds (Fig. 2 and Table 1).