metal-organic compounds
Bis(azido-κN)(di-2-pyridylamine-κ2N2,N2′)palladium(II)
aSchool of Applied Chemical Engineering, The Research Institute of Catalysis, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
*Correspondence e-mail: hakwang@chonnam.ac.kr
In the title complex, [Pd(N3)2(C10H9N3)], the PdII ion is in a slightly distorted square-planar coordination environment. The ligator atoms comprise the two pyridine N atoms of the chelating di-2-pyridylamine (dpa) ligand and two N atoms from two azide anions. The dpa ligand coordinates the Pd atom in a boat conformation, the dihedral angle between the pyridine rings being 24.4 (1)°. The pyridine rings are somewhat inclined to the least-squares plane of the PdN4 unit, making dihedral angles of 29.02 (9) and 26.47 (9)°. The azide ligands are slightly bent, with N—N—N angles of 173.0 (4) and 174.2 (4)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by N—H⋯N and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c axis. When viewed down the b axis, successive chains are stacked in opposite directions. Intramolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are also observed.
Related literature
For the crystal structures of the related PdII complexes [PdX2(dpa)] (X = Cl or Br), see: Rauterkus et al. (2003); Yao et al. (2003).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2000); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2000); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
To a solution of Na2PdCl4 (0.1451 g, 0.493 mmol) in MeOH (30 ml) were added NaN3 (0.3050 g, 4.692 mmol) and di-2-pyridylamine (0.0860 g, 0.502 mmol), and stirred for 5 h at room temperature. The formed precipitate was separated by filtration and washed with H2O and acetone, and dried at 50 °C, to give a yellow powder (0.1604 g). Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained by slow evaporation from a CH3CN/acetone solution.
Carbon-bound H atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their respective parent atoms: C—H = 0.95 Å with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). Nitrogen-bound H atom was located from the difference Fourier map then allowed to ride on its parent atom in the final cycles of
with N—H = 0.92 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.5 Ueq(N). The highest peak (0.71 e Å-3) and the deepest hole (-0.41 e Å-3) in the difference Fourier map are located 1.07 Å and 1.54 Å, respectively, from the Pd1 atom.Crystal structures of PdII complexes with di-2-pyridylamine (dpa; C10H9N3) and halogen ions, [PdX2(dpa)] (X = Cl or Br), have been reported previously (Rauterkus et al., 2003; Yao et al., 2003).
In the title complex, [Pd(N3)2(dpa)], the PdII ion is four-coordinated in a slightly distorted square-planar environment by the two pyridine N atoms of the chelating dpa ligand and two N atoms from two azide anions (Fig. 1). The dpa ligand coordinates the Pd atom in a boat conformation. The dihedral angle between the least-squares planes of the two pyridine rings is 24.4 (1)°. The pyridine rings are somewhat inclined to the least-squares plane of the PdN4 unit [maximum deviation = 0.016 (2) Å], making dihedral angles of 29.02 (9)° and 26.47 (9)°. The Pd—N(azide) and Pd—N(dpa) bond lengths are nearly equivalent [Pd—N: 2.001 (3)–2.046 (3) Å] (Table 1). The azide ligands are slightly bent with the bond angles of <N4—N5—N6 = 173.0 (4)° and <N7—N8—N9 = 174.2 (4)°. But, the N—N bond lengths of the ligands are almost equal [N—N: 1.146 (4)–1.212 (4) Å]. In the crystal, the complex molecules are connected by intermolecular N—H···N and C—H···N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c axis (Fig. 2 and Table 2). When viewed down the b axis, successive chains are stacked in opposite directions. Intramolecular C—H···N hydrogen bonds are also observed (Table 2).
For the crystal structures of the related PdII complexes [PdX2(dpa)] (X = Cl or Br), see: Rauterkus et al. (2003); Yao et al. (2003).
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2000); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2000); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2000); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).[Pd(N3)2(C10H9N3)] | F(000) = 1424 |
Mr = 361.66 | Dx = 2.021 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 3353 reflections |
a = 17.5552 (15) Å | θ = 2.4–26.0° |
b = 6.9773 (6) Å | µ = 1.57 mm−1 |
c = 19.6654 (17) Å | T = 200 K |
β = 99.206 (2)° | Block, yellow |
V = 2377.7 (4) Å3 | 0.20 × 0.14 × 0.09 mm |
Z = 8 |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer | 2322 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1751 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.029 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 2.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) | h = −21→17 |
Tmin = 0.901, Tmax = 1.000 | k = −8→8 |
7041 measured reflections | l = −20→24 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.073 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0309P)2 + 3.0994P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2322 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
181 parameters | Δρmax = 0.71 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
[Pd(N3)2(C10H9N3)] | V = 2377.7 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 361.66 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 17.5552 (15) Å | µ = 1.57 mm−1 |
b = 6.9773 (6) Å | T = 200 K |
c = 19.6654 (17) Å | 0.20 × 0.14 × 0.09 mm |
β = 99.206 (2)° |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer | 2322 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) | 1751 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.901, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.029 |
7041 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.073 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.71 e Å−3 |
2322 reflections | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
181 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Pd1 | 0.251934 (14) | 0.29162 (4) | 0.249235 (13) | 0.02012 (11) | |
N1 | 0.31748 (16) | 0.2924 (4) | 0.17242 (15) | 0.0204 (6) | |
N2 | 0.21863 (17) | 0.4333 (4) | 0.09167 (16) | 0.0283 (8) | |
H2N | 0.2104 | 0.4969 | 0.0502 | 0.042* | |
N3 | 0.15471 (16) | 0.2919 (4) | 0.17634 (15) | 0.0216 (7) | |
N4 | 0.35049 (17) | 0.2861 (5) | 0.31632 (16) | 0.0299 (8) | |
N5 | 0.36249 (16) | 0.3271 (4) | 0.37610 (17) | 0.0266 (7) | |
N6 | 0.38160 (18) | 0.3598 (6) | 0.43357 (18) | 0.0409 (9) | |
N7 | 0.18386 (17) | 0.2944 (5) | 0.32278 (15) | 0.0266 (7) | |
N8 | 0.19687 (16) | 0.3593 (5) | 0.38063 (16) | 0.0258 (7) | |
N9 | 0.20315 (19) | 0.4148 (5) | 0.43611 (17) | 0.0386 (9) | |
C1 | 0.3921 (2) | 0.2266 (6) | 0.18546 (19) | 0.0285 (9) | |
H1 | 0.4083 | 0.1574 | 0.2269 | 0.034* | |
C2 | 0.4441 (2) | 0.2556 (6) | 0.1421 (2) | 0.0334 (10) | |
H2 | 0.4952 | 0.2077 | 0.1530 | 0.040* | |
C3 | 0.4206 (2) | 0.3575 (6) | 0.0812 (2) | 0.0336 (9) | |
H3 | 0.4564 | 0.3859 | 0.0512 | 0.040* | |
C4 | 0.3451 (2) | 0.4161 (6) | 0.06515 (19) | 0.0293 (9) | |
H4 | 0.3275 | 0.4816 | 0.0233 | 0.035* | |
C5 | 0.2950 (2) | 0.3771 (5) | 0.11182 (18) | 0.0239 (8) | |
C6 | 0.1522 (2) | 0.3672 (5) | 0.11384 (18) | 0.0237 (8) | |
C7 | 0.0833 (2) | 0.3866 (6) | 0.06780 (19) | 0.0306 (9) | |
H7 | 0.0829 | 0.4454 | 0.0242 | 0.037* | |
C8 | 0.0162 (2) | 0.3195 (6) | 0.0865 (2) | 0.0375 (10) | |
H8 | −0.0312 | 0.3297 | 0.0557 | 0.045* | |
C9 | 0.0183 (2) | 0.2366 (6) | 0.1508 (2) | 0.0349 (10) | |
H9 | −0.0275 | 0.1898 | 0.1649 | 0.042* | |
C10 | 0.0877 (2) | 0.2234 (6) | 0.1935 (2) | 0.0309 (9) | |
H10 | 0.0893 | 0.1636 | 0.2371 | 0.037* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Pd1 | 0.02099 (16) | 0.02298 (17) | 0.01673 (16) | 0.00000 (12) | 0.00408 (10) | 0.00056 (12) |
N1 | 0.0239 (15) | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0162 (16) | −0.0020 (12) | 0.0047 (12) | −0.0003 (13) |
N2 | 0.0321 (18) | 0.0315 (19) | 0.0216 (18) | −0.0010 (14) | 0.0052 (14) | 0.0068 (14) |
N3 | 0.0223 (15) | 0.0254 (17) | 0.0177 (16) | 0.0004 (12) | 0.0052 (12) | −0.0014 (13) |
N4 | 0.0252 (17) | 0.048 (2) | 0.0152 (17) | 0.0007 (15) | 0.0007 (13) | −0.0011 (15) |
N5 | 0.0199 (16) | 0.0304 (19) | 0.030 (2) | 0.0012 (13) | 0.0061 (14) | 0.0027 (15) |
N6 | 0.0316 (19) | 0.064 (3) | 0.026 (2) | 0.0045 (18) | 0.0017 (15) | −0.0128 (19) |
N7 | 0.0278 (17) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0168 (17) | −0.0026 (14) | 0.0066 (13) | −0.0029 (14) |
N8 | 0.0219 (16) | 0.0279 (18) | 0.029 (2) | 0.0031 (13) | 0.0086 (13) | 0.0072 (15) |
N9 | 0.043 (2) | 0.055 (3) | 0.0188 (19) | 0.0027 (17) | 0.0069 (15) | −0.0075 (17) |
C1 | 0.028 (2) | 0.033 (2) | 0.024 (2) | 0.0014 (17) | 0.0032 (16) | −0.0021 (17) |
C2 | 0.025 (2) | 0.044 (3) | 0.033 (2) | 0.0013 (17) | 0.0092 (17) | −0.008 (2) |
C3 | 0.031 (2) | 0.044 (3) | 0.028 (2) | −0.0066 (19) | 0.0133 (17) | −0.009 (2) |
C4 | 0.041 (2) | 0.030 (2) | 0.016 (2) | −0.0032 (17) | 0.0063 (16) | 0.0008 (16) |
C5 | 0.0278 (19) | 0.0212 (19) | 0.023 (2) | −0.0016 (16) | 0.0038 (15) | −0.0058 (17) |
C6 | 0.032 (2) | 0.0182 (19) | 0.022 (2) | 0.0030 (16) | 0.0066 (15) | −0.0053 (16) |
C7 | 0.038 (2) | 0.030 (2) | 0.022 (2) | 0.0006 (19) | −0.0013 (16) | 0.0027 (18) |
C8 | 0.030 (2) | 0.043 (3) | 0.037 (3) | 0.0045 (18) | −0.0019 (18) | −0.005 (2) |
C9 | 0.024 (2) | 0.044 (3) | 0.037 (3) | −0.0038 (18) | 0.0063 (17) | −0.005 (2) |
C10 | 0.033 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.025 (2) | −0.0019 (18) | 0.0094 (17) | −0.0033 (18) |
Pd1—N4 | 2.001 (3) | C1—H1 | 0.9500 |
Pd1—N7 | 2.018 (3) | C2—C3 | 1.397 (5) |
Pd1—N1 | 2.040 (3) | C2—H2 | 0.9500 |
Pd1—N3 | 2.046 (3) | C3—C4 | 1.374 (5) |
N1—C5 | 1.332 (4) | C3—H3 | 0.9500 |
N1—C1 | 1.373 (4) | C4—C5 | 1.396 (5) |
N2—C6 | 1.387 (4) | C4—H4 | 0.9500 |
N2—C5 | 1.393 (4) | C6—C7 | 1.398 (5) |
N2—H2N | 0.9200 | C7—C8 | 1.370 (5) |
N3—C6 | 1.331 (4) | C7—H7 | 0.9500 |
N3—C10 | 1.361 (5) | C8—C9 | 1.386 (6) |
N4—N5 | 1.195 (4) | C8—H8 | 0.9500 |
N5—N6 | 1.149 (4) | C9—C10 | 1.368 (5) |
N7—N8 | 1.212 (4) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
N8—N9 | 1.146 (4) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
C1—C2 | 1.360 (5) | ||
N4—Pd1—N7 | 94.38 (12) | C4—C3—C2 | 119.3 (4) |
N4—Pd1—N1 | 87.57 (12) | C4—C3—H3 | 120.3 |
N7—Pd1—N1 | 177.94 (11) | C2—C3—H3 | 120.3 |
N4—Pd1—N3 | 176.68 (11) | C3—C4—C5 | 118.5 (4) |
N7—Pd1—N3 | 88.79 (12) | C3—C4—H4 | 120.8 |
N1—Pd1—N3 | 89.28 (11) | C5—C4—H4 | 120.8 |
C5—N1—C1 | 116.9 (3) | N1—C5—N2 | 120.9 (3) |
C5—N1—Pd1 | 122.9 (2) | N1—C5—C4 | 123.2 (3) |
C1—N1—Pd1 | 119.7 (2) | N2—C5—C4 | 116.0 (3) |
C6—N2—C5 | 129.5 (3) | N3—C6—N2 | 121.1 (3) |
C6—N2—H2N | 114.8 | N3—C6—C7 | 122.2 (3) |
C5—N2—H2N | 113.3 | N2—C6—C7 | 116.6 (3) |
C6—N3—C10 | 117.8 (3) | C8—C7—C6 | 119.0 (4) |
C6—N3—Pd1 | 123.2 (2) | C8—C7—H7 | 120.5 |
C10—N3—Pd1 | 118.9 (2) | C6—C7—H7 | 120.5 |
N5—N4—Pd1 | 129.9 (3) | C7—C8—C9 | 119.2 (4) |
N6—N5—N4 | 173.0 (4) | C7—C8—H8 | 120.4 |
N8—N7—Pd1 | 129.2 (2) | C9—C8—H8 | 120.4 |
N9—N8—N7 | 174.2 (4) | C10—C9—C8 | 118.7 (4) |
C2—C1—N1 | 123.3 (4) | C10—C9—H9 | 120.7 |
C2—C1—H1 | 118.4 | C8—C9—H9 | 120.7 |
N1—C1—H1 | 118.4 | N3—C10—C9 | 123.0 (4) |
C1—C2—C3 | 118.6 (4) | N3—C10—H10 | 118.5 |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.7 | C9—C10—H10 | 118.5 |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.7 | ||
N4—Pd1—N1—C5 | −149.3 (3) | C1—N1—C5—C4 | −5.9 (5) |
N3—Pd1—N1—C5 | 31.7 (3) | Pd1—N1—C5—C4 | 165.2 (3) |
N4—Pd1—N1—C1 | 21.6 (3) | C6—N2—C5—N1 | −22.4 (6) |
N3—Pd1—N1—C1 | −157.4 (3) | C6—N2—C5—C4 | 157.9 (4) |
N7—Pd1—N3—C6 | 151.4 (3) | C3—C4—C5—N1 | 2.7 (6) |
N1—Pd1—N3—C6 | −27.9 (3) | C3—C4—C5—N2 | −177.7 (3) |
N7—Pd1—N3—C10 | −24.3 (3) | C10—N3—C6—N2 | −177.5 (3) |
N1—Pd1—N3—C10 | 156.4 (3) | Pd1—N3—C6—N2 | 6.8 (5) |
N7—Pd1—N4—N5 | −18.7 (4) | C10—N3—C6—C7 | 3.5 (5) |
N1—Pd1—N4—N5 | 160.7 (4) | Pd1—N3—C6—C7 | −172.2 (3) |
N4—Pd1—N7—N8 | 29.4 (3) | C5—N2—C6—N3 | 26.7 (6) |
N3—Pd1—N7—N8 | −151.6 (3) | C5—N2—C6—C7 | −154.3 (4) |
C5—N1—C1—C2 | 4.6 (5) | N3—C6—C7—C8 | −2.5 (6) |
Pd1—N1—C1—C2 | −166.9 (3) | N2—C6—C7—C8 | 178.5 (4) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 0.1 (6) | C6—C7—C8—C9 | 0.9 (6) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −3.5 (6) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | −0.4 (6) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 2.2 (6) | C6—N3—C10—C9 | −3.1 (6) |
C1—N1—C5—N2 | 174.4 (3) | Pd1—N3—C10—C9 | 172.8 (3) |
Pd1—N1—C5—N2 | −14.4 (5) | C8—C9—C10—N3 | 1.5 (6) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2N···N9i | 0.92 | 2.31 | 3.208 (4) | 165 |
C1—H1···N4 | 0.95 | 2.35 | 2.816 (5) | 110 |
C4—H4···N6i | 0.95 | 2.40 | 3.175 (5) | 138 |
C10—H10···N7 | 0.95 | 2.35 | 2.861 (5) | 113 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Pd(N3)2(C10H9N3)] |
Mr | 361.66 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 200 |
a, b, c (Å) | 17.5552 (15), 6.9773 (6), 19.6654 (17) |
β (°) | 99.206 (2) |
V (Å3) | 2377.7 (4) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.57 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.20 × 0.14 × 0.09 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART 1000 CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.901, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7041, 2322, 1751 |
Rint | 0.029 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.617 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.029, 0.073, 1.06 |
No. of reflections | 2322 |
No. of parameters | 181 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.71, −0.41 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2000), SAINT (Bruker, 2000), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2N···N9i | 0.92 | 2.31 | 3.208 (4) | 165 |
C1—H1···N4 | 0.95 | 2.35 | 2.816 (5) | 110.0 |
C4—H4···N6i | 0.95 | 2.40 | 3.175 (5) | 138 |
C10—H10···N7 | 0.95 | 2.35 | 2.861 (5) | 113.0 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011–0030747).
References
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Crystal structures of PdII complexes with di-2-pyridylamine (dpa; C10H9N3) and halogen ions, [PdX2(dpa)] (X = Cl or Br), have been reported previously (Rauterkus et al., 2003; Yao et al., 2003).
In the title complex, [Pd(N3)2(dpa)], the PdII ion is four-coordinated in a slightly distorted square-planar environment by the two pyridine N atoms of the chelating dpa ligand and two N atoms from two azide anions (Fig. 1). The dpa ligand coordinates the Pd atom in a boat conformation. The dihedral angle between the least-squares planes of the two pyridine rings is 24.4 (1)°. The pyridine rings are somewhat inclined to the least-squares plane of the PdN4 unit [maximum deviation = 0.016 (2) Å], making dihedral angles of 29.02 (9)° and 26.47 (9)°. The Pd—N(azide) and Pd—N(dpa) bond lengths are nearly equivalent [Pd—N: 2.001 (3)–2.046 (3) Å] (Table 1). The azide ligands are slightly bent with the bond angles of <N4—N5—N6 = 173.0 (4)° and <N7—N8—N9 = 174.2 (4)°. But, the N—N bond lengths of the ligands are almost equal [N—N: 1.146 (4)–1.212 (4) Å]. In the crystal, the complex molecules are connected by intermolecular N—H···N and C—H···N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c axis (Fig. 2 and Table 2). When viewed down the b axis, successive chains are stacked in opposite directions. Intramolecular C—H···N hydrogen bonds are also observed (Table 2).