organic compounds
Methyl 4′,5-dichloro-2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylbiphenyl-3-carboxylate
aGomal University, Department of Chemistry, Dera Ismail Khan (KPK), Pakistan, bUniversität Rostock, Institut für Chemie, Abteilung für Organische Chemie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany, and cUniversität Rostock, Institut für Chemie, Abteilung für Anorganische Chemie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: muhammad_adeel2000@yahoo.com
In the title compound, C16H14Cl2O3, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two benzene rings is 55.30 (5)°. The methyl ester group lies within the ring plane due to an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond [maximum deviation from the C8O2 mean plane is 0.0383 (13) Å]. In the crystal, molecules are held together by rather weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Related literature
For pharmacological relevance of salicylates and the synthesis of the title compound, see: Adeel, Rashid et al. (2009). For related structures, see: Adeel, Ali et al. (2009); Adeel, Langer et al. (2011).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2003); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536812012676/pv2517sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812012676/pv2517Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812012676/pv2517Isup3.cml
The title compound was prepared according to a previously published procedure (Adeel, Rashid et al., 2009) using 3-(Silyloxy)-2-en-1-ones (332 mg, 1.65 mmol), 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) (612 mg, 1.65 mmol) and TiCl4 (0.18 ml, 1.65 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (4 mL). The title compound was isolated as a colorless prisms; (190 mg, 40%, m.p. = 367–369 K). Crystallization from a saturated dichloromethane/methanol (9:1) solution at ambient temperature gave colourless crystals suitable for X-ray crystallographic studies.
An
was determined by using 1569 Friedel pairs. The H atom bonded to O1 was located from a difference Fourier map and refined freely. Other H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model, with C—H = 0.98 (methyl) or 0.95 Å (aryl) with Uiso(H) = 1.5 times Ueq(C) (methyl H) or 1.2 times Ueq(C) (aryl H); torsion angles of all methyl groups were allowed to refine.Functionalized biaryls containing a 3-arylsalicylate
occur in a variety of pharmacologically relevant natural products (Adeel, Rashid & et al., 2009). A sterically encumbered and functionalized biaryl, the title compound, was synthesized from 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadiene. In this paper, the of the title compound has been presented.In the title compound (Fig. 1), the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two benzene rings is 55.30 (5)°. The methyl ester group lies within the ring plane due to an intramolecular O—H···O hydrogen bond; the maximum deviation of any atom from the mean-plane of atoms C1–C8/O1/O2 is 0.0383 (13) Å for C2. In the crystal, molecules are held together by rather weak intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds along the a-axis (Fig. 2 & Table 1).
For pharmacological relevance of salicylates and the synthesis of the title compound, see: Adeel, Rashid et al. (2009). For related structures, see: Adeel, Ali et al. (2009); Adeel, Langer et al. (2011).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2003); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2003); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C16H14Cl2O3 | F(000) = 336 |
Mr = 325.19 | Dx = 1.484 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2yb | Cell parameters from 4567 reflections |
a = 4.0956 (5) Å | θ = 2.2–29.8° |
b = 13.3066 (17) Å | µ = 0.45 mm−1 |
c = 13.3656 (16) Å | T = 173 K |
β = 92.711 (7)° | Plate, colourless |
V = 727.59 (16) Å3 | 0.65 × 0.50 × 0.06 mm |
Z = 2 |
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 3754 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3331 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.022 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 29.9°, θmin = 3.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | h = −5→5 |
Tmin = 0.758, Tmax = 0.973 | k = −18→15 |
9311 measured reflections | l = −17→18 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.030 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0402P)2 + 0.0613P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.04 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
3754 reflections | Δρmax = 0.32 e Å−3 |
197 parameters | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1569 Friedel pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: 0.05 (5) |
C16H14Cl2O3 | V = 727.59 (16) Å3 |
Mr = 325.19 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 4.0956 (5) Å | µ = 0.45 mm−1 |
b = 13.3066 (17) Å | T = 173 K |
c = 13.3656 (16) Å | 0.65 × 0.50 × 0.06 mm |
β = 92.711 (7)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 3754 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 3331 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.758, Tmax = 0.973 | Rint = 0.022 |
9311 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.030 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | Δρmax = 0.32 e Å−3 |
S = 1.04 | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
3754 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1569 Friedel pairs |
197 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: 0.05 (5) |
1 restraint |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Cl1 | −0.12949 (11) | 0.03726 (3) | 0.31348 (3) | 0.02951 (11) | |
Cl2 | −0.24707 (13) | 0.25736 (5) | −0.35858 (3) | 0.04068 (13) | |
O1 | 0.4723 (4) | 0.47523 (11) | 0.24494 (11) | 0.0385 (3) | |
O2 | 0.4797 (4) | 0.39445 (11) | 0.39014 (10) | 0.0397 (4) | |
O3 | 0.1939 (3) | 0.40131 (10) | 0.08937 (10) | 0.0257 (3) | |
H3O | 0.278 (6) | 0.437 (2) | 0.1272 (19) | 0.046 (8)* | |
C1 | 0.2187 (4) | 0.31271 (13) | 0.24869 (12) | 0.0179 (3) | |
C2 | 0.1324 (4) | 0.31873 (13) | 0.14433 (12) | 0.0187 (3) | |
C3 | −0.0198 (3) | 0.23718 (12) | 0.09202 (11) | 0.0167 (3) | |
C4 | −0.1037 (4) | 0.15145 (12) | 0.14643 (12) | 0.0168 (3) | |
C5 | −0.0227 (4) | 0.14812 (13) | 0.25056 (12) | 0.0182 (3) | |
C6 | 0.1376 (4) | 0.22493 (13) | 0.30390 (12) | 0.0190 (3) | |
C7 | 0.3994 (4) | 0.40092 (14) | 0.29314 (13) | 0.0219 (3) | |
C8 | 0.6450 (6) | 0.48150 (18) | 0.43503 (17) | 0.0449 (5) | |
H8A | 0.8541 | 0.4918 | 0.4037 | 0.067* | |
H8B | 0.6846 | 0.4701 | 0.5070 | 0.067* | |
H8C | 0.5076 | 0.5412 | 0.4245 | 0.067* | |
C9 | −0.2826 (4) | 0.06380 (13) | 0.09765 (13) | 0.0218 (3) | |
H9A | −0.3475 | 0.0810 | 0.0282 | 0.033* | |
H9B | −0.4779 | 0.0486 | 0.1345 | 0.033* | |
H9C | −0.1388 | 0.0049 | 0.0985 | 0.033* | |
C10 | 0.2165 (5) | 0.21357 (15) | 0.41504 (13) | 0.0309 (4) | |
H10A | 0.1166 | 0.1517 | 0.4391 | 0.046* | |
H10B | 0.1299 | 0.2714 | 0.4507 | 0.046* | |
H10C | 0.4540 | 0.2102 | 0.4273 | 0.046* | |
C11 | −0.0770 (4) | 0.24329 (12) | −0.01993 (11) | 0.0173 (3) | |
C12 | −0.2543 (4) | 0.32261 (13) | −0.06551 (12) | 0.0192 (3) | |
H12 | −0.3402 | 0.3741 | −0.0251 | 0.023* | |
C13 | −0.3060 (4) | 0.32687 (14) | −0.16939 (12) | 0.0221 (3) | |
H13 | −0.4280 | 0.3805 | −0.1995 | 0.026* | |
C14 | −0.1769 (4) | 0.25169 (15) | −0.22847 (12) | 0.0225 (3) | |
C15 | 0.0039 (4) | 0.17324 (14) | −0.18631 (13) | 0.0235 (3) | |
H15 | 0.0942 | 0.1231 | −0.2274 | 0.028* | |
C16 | 0.0510 (4) | 0.16929 (13) | −0.08213 (13) | 0.0221 (3) | |
H16 | 0.1725 | 0.1152 | −0.0526 | 0.026* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cl1 | 0.0416 (2) | 0.02195 (19) | 0.0246 (2) | −0.00629 (19) | −0.00240 (16) | 0.00732 (18) |
Cl2 | 0.0571 (3) | 0.0497 (3) | 0.01488 (19) | −0.0008 (3) | −0.00219 (17) | −0.0013 (2) |
O1 | 0.0570 (9) | 0.0258 (7) | 0.0317 (7) | −0.0156 (6) | −0.0074 (6) | −0.0003 (6) |
O2 | 0.0599 (9) | 0.0338 (8) | 0.0244 (7) | −0.0174 (7) | −0.0105 (6) | −0.0054 (6) |
O3 | 0.0398 (7) | 0.0188 (6) | 0.0184 (6) | −0.0080 (5) | −0.0001 (5) | 0.0008 (5) |
C1 | 0.0206 (7) | 0.0157 (8) | 0.0173 (7) | 0.0005 (6) | −0.0005 (6) | −0.0032 (6) |
C2 | 0.0214 (7) | 0.0175 (8) | 0.0174 (7) | 0.0018 (6) | 0.0028 (6) | 0.0005 (6) |
C3 | 0.0175 (7) | 0.0176 (8) | 0.0148 (7) | 0.0043 (6) | −0.0007 (5) | −0.0005 (6) |
C4 | 0.0163 (6) | 0.0159 (7) | 0.0180 (7) | 0.0027 (6) | −0.0002 (5) | −0.0014 (6) |
C5 | 0.0217 (7) | 0.0160 (7) | 0.0168 (7) | 0.0020 (6) | −0.0007 (6) | 0.0038 (6) |
C6 | 0.0192 (6) | 0.0222 (8) | 0.0152 (7) | 0.0035 (6) | −0.0017 (5) | −0.0009 (6) |
C7 | 0.0231 (8) | 0.0214 (8) | 0.0212 (8) | 0.0000 (6) | −0.0005 (6) | −0.0049 (6) |
C8 | 0.0619 (14) | 0.0381 (13) | 0.0331 (11) | −0.0169 (10) | −0.0135 (10) | −0.0141 (10) |
C9 | 0.0226 (7) | 0.0184 (8) | 0.0239 (8) | −0.0016 (6) | −0.0039 (6) | 0.0010 (6) |
C10 | 0.0473 (10) | 0.0283 (10) | 0.0163 (8) | −0.0045 (8) | −0.0079 (7) | 0.0034 (7) |
C11 | 0.0189 (7) | 0.0181 (8) | 0.0148 (7) | −0.0018 (6) | −0.0013 (5) | −0.0002 (6) |
C12 | 0.0221 (7) | 0.0186 (8) | 0.0167 (7) | 0.0010 (6) | 0.0012 (6) | −0.0007 (6) |
C13 | 0.0274 (8) | 0.0201 (8) | 0.0184 (8) | 0.0007 (6) | −0.0023 (6) | 0.0025 (6) |
C14 | 0.0237 (7) | 0.0297 (9) | 0.0139 (7) | −0.0046 (7) | −0.0002 (5) | −0.0003 (7) |
C15 | 0.0238 (7) | 0.0256 (9) | 0.0211 (8) | 0.0011 (7) | 0.0010 (6) | −0.0083 (7) |
C16 | 0.0205 (7) | 0.0222 (9) | 0.0231 (8) | 0.0030 (6) | −0.0028 (6) | −0.0036 (7) |
Cl1—C5 | 1.7633 (17) | C8—H8B | 0.9800 |
Cl2—C14 | 1.7507 (16) | C8—H8C | 0.9800 |
O1—C7 | 1.225 (2) | C9—H9A | 0.9800 |
O2—C7 | 1.325 (2) | C9—H9B | 0.9800 |
O2—C8 | 1.457 (2) | C9—H9C | 0.9800 |
O3—C2 | 1.352 (2) | C10—H10A | 0.9800 |
O3—H3O | 0.77 (3) | C10—H10B | 0.9800 |
C1—C2 | 1.425 (2) | C10—H10C | 0.9800 |
C1—C6 | 1.429 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.404 (2) |
C1—C7 | 1.496 (2) | C11—C16 | 1.406 (2) |
C2—C3 | 1.419 (2) | C12—C13 | 1.396 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.404 (2) | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C3—C11 | 1.506 (2) | C13—C14 | 1.394 (2) |
C4—C5 | 1.416 (2) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C4—C9 | 1.509 (2) | C14—C15 | 1.384 (3) |
C5—C6 | 1.393 (2) | C15—C16 | 1.398 (2) |
C6—C10 | 1.513 (2) | C15—H15 | 0.9500 |
C8—H8A | 0.9800 | C16—H16 | 0.9500 |
C7—O2—C8 | 116.13 (16) | C4—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C2—O3—H3O | 104 (2) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.90 (14) | C4—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C2—C1—C7 | 116.10 (15) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C6—C1—C7 | 123.99 (14) | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C3 | 116.27 (14) | C6—C10—H10A | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C1 | 122.25 (15) | C6—C10—H10B | 109.5 |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.47 (15) | H10A—C10—H10B | 109.5 |
C4—C3—C2 | 118.60 (14) | C6—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C4—C3—C11 | 121.88 (14) | H10A—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C2—C3—C11 | 119.49 (14) | H10B—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C3—C4—C5 | 118.87 (14) | C12—C11—C16 | 118.01 (14) |
C3—C4—C9 | 121.99 (14) | C12—C11—C3 | 121.66 (14) |
C5—C4—C9 | 119.13 (15) | C16—C11—C3 | 120.33 (14) |
C6—C5—C4 | 124.26 (15) | C13—C12—C11 | 120.89 (15) |
C6—C5—Cl1 | 119.44 (12) | C13—C12—H12 | 119.6 |
C4—C5—Cl1 | 116.29 (13) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.6 |
C5—C6—C1 | 116.81 (14) | C14—C13—C12 | 119.38 (15) |
C5—C6—C10 | 120.19 (15) | C14—C13—H13 | 120.3 |
C1—C6—C10 | 123.00 (14) | C12—C13—H13 | 120.3 |
O1—C7—O2 | 120.77 (16) | C15—C14—C13 | 121.36 (15) |
O1—C7—C1 | 123.58 (16) | C15—C14—Cl2 | 119.75 (13) |
O2—C7—C1 | 115.66 (15) | C13—C14—Cl2 | 118.88 (14) |
O2—C8—H8A | 109.5 | C14—C15—C16 | 118.68 (15) |
O2—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C14—C15—H15 | 120.7 |
H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C16—C15—H15 | 120.7 |
O2—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C15—C16—C11 | 121.67 (15) |
H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C15—C16—H16 | 119.2 |
H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C11—C16—H16 | 119.2 |
C4—C9—H9A | 109.5 | ||
C6—C1—C2—O3 | 177.81 (15) | C2—C1—C6—C10 | −179.09 (15) |
C7—C1—C2—O3 | −3.4 (2) | C7—C1—C6—C10 | 2.3 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −3.0 (2) | C8—O2—C7—O1 | 2.3 (3) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | 175.71 (14) | C8—O2—C7—C1 | −177.79 (17) |
O3—C2—C3—C4 | −176.93 (14) | C2—C1—C7—O1 | 0.1 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 3.9 (2) | C6—C1—C7—O1 | 178.84 (16) |
O3—C2—C3—C11 | 5.0 (2) | C2—C1—C7—O2 | −179.73 (14) |
C1—C2—C3—C11 | −174.17 (14) | C6—C1—C7—O2 | −1.0 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −2.3 (2) | C4—C3—C11—C12 | 125.94 (16) |
C11—C3—C4—C5 | 175.72 (14) | C2—C3—C11—C12 | −56.1 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C9 | 176.59 (14) | C4—C3—C11—C16 | −54.8 (2) |
C11—C3—C4—C9 | −5.4 (2) | C2—C3—C11—C16 | 123.15 (16) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.2 (2) | C16—C11—C12—C13 | 1.0 (2) |
C9—C4—C5—C6 | −179.04 (14) | C3—C11—C12—C13 | −179.75 (14) |
C3—C4—C5—Cl1 | −178.97 (11) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.6 (2) |
C9—C4—C5—Cl1 | 2.1 (2) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.5 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 1.0 (2) | C12—C13—C14—Cl2 | 179.39 (13) |
Cl1—C5—C6—C1 | 179.78 (12) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | 1.2 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C10 | −179.32 (16) | Cl2—C14—C15—C16 | −178.73 (13) |
Cl1—C5—C6—C10 | −0.5 (2) | C14—C15—C16—C11 | −0.8 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.6 (2) | C12—C11—C16—C15 | −0.3 (2) |
C7—C1—C6—C5 | −178.07 (15) | C3—C11—C16—C15 | −179.57 (14) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O3—H3O···O1 | 0.77 (3) | 1.80 (3) | 2.523 (2) | 156 (3) |
C12—H12···O3i | 0.95 | 2.53 | 3.306 (2) | 139 |
C10—H10A···Cl1 | 0.98 | 2.45 | 3.029 (2) | 118 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C16H14Cl2O3 |
Mr | 325.19 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21 |
Temperature (K) | 173 |
a, b, c (Å) | 4.0956 (5), 13.3066 (17), 13.3656 (16) |
β (°) | 92.711 (7) |
V (Å3) | 727.59 (16) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.45 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.65 × 0.50 × 0.06 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.758, 0.973 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 9311, 3754, 3331 |
Rint | 0.022 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.701 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.030, 0.074, 1.04 |
No. of reflections | 3754 |
No. of parameters | 197 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.32, −0.18 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), 1569 Friedel pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | 0.05 (5) |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2003), SAINT (Bruker, 2003), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O3—H3O···O1 | 0.77 (3) | 1.80 (3) | 2.523 (2) | 156 (3) |
C12—H12···O3i | 0.95 | 2.53 | 3.306 (2) | 139 |
C10—H10A···Cl1 | 0.98 | 2.45 | 3.029 (2) | 118 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Acknowledgements
Financial support from the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) under the resource grant programe and the World University Service, Deutsches Kommitee, is gratefully acknowledged.
References
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Functionalized biaryls containing a 3-arylsalicylate substructure occur in a variety of pharmacologically relevant natural products (Adeel, Rashid & et al., 2009). A sterically encumbered and functionalized biaryl, the title compound, was synthesized from 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-butadiene. In this paper, the crystal structure of the title compound has been presented.
In the title compound (Fig. 1), the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two benzene rings is 55.30 (5)°. The methyl ester group lies within the ring plane due to an intramolecular O—H···O hydrogen bond; the maximum deviation of any atom from the mean-plane of atoms C1–C8/O1/O2 is 0.0383 (13) Å for C2. In the crystal, molecules are held together by rather weak intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds along the a-axis (Fig. 2 & Table 1).