organic compounds
(3S)-14,16-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,9,10,11,12-octahydro-1H-2-benzoxacyclotetradecine-1,7(8H)-dione (zearalanone) monohydrate
aBAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Reference Materials, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: sarah.drzymala@bam.de
The 18H24O5·H2O, was not been determined by anomalous-dispersion effects, but has been assigned by reference to an unchanging chiral centre in the synthetic procedure. Intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the molecular conformation. In the crystal, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the main molecules and the water molecules, forming an infinite three-dimensional network.
of the title compound, CRelated literature
For the preparation of zearalanone from natural zearalenone, see: Urry et al. (1966). For the crystal structures of zearalenone and its derivatives, see: Panneerselvam et al. (1996); Gelo-Pujić et al. (1994); Zhao et al. (2008). For the estrogenic and anabolic effects of zearalenone and its derivatives, see: Mirocha et al. (1968). For the exploitation of zearalanone as an internal standard, see: Berthiller et al. (2005); Maragou et al. (2008); Ren et al. (2007); Shin et al. (2009).
Experimental
Crystal data
|
Refinement
|
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2001); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536812018168/fj2544sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812018168/fj2544Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812018168/fj2544Isup3.cml
Zearalanone was obtained from Toronto Research Chemicals (Canada, purity 98.0%). 5 mg (15.6 µmol) were weighed in a 1.5 ml HPLC glass vial and solved in 0.5 ml DCM. Subsequently, 0.3 ml of n-Hexane were added. Colorless crystals of the title compound were formed after 7 days of slow solvent evaporation at room temperature.
All H-atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model with d(C—H) = 0.93 Å, Uiso=1.2Ueq (C) for aromatic 0.98 Å, Uiso = 1.2Ueq (C) for CH, 0.97 Å, Uiso = 1.2Ueq (C) for CH2, 0.96 Å, Uiso = 1.5Ueq (C) for CH3 atoms, and 0.82 Å, Uiso = 1.5Ueq (C) for hydroxyl groups. The water hydrogen atoms were treated independently. In the absence of significant
effects, Friedel pairs were merged.Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2001); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C18H24O5·H2O | F(000) = 728 |
Mr = 338.39 | Dx = 1.180 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 5584 reflections |
a = 8.2727 (11) Å | θ = 2.3–25.7° |
b = 24.579 (3) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
c = 9.3703 (14) Å | T = 296 K |
V = 1905.3 (5) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.1 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 4626 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2870 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.109 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 28.2°, θmin = 1.7° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001) | h = −10→10 |
Tmin = 0.151, Tmax = 0.477 | k = −32→23 |
20473 measured reflections | l = −12→12 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.051 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.134 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 0.90 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0708P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4626 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
225 parameters | Δρmax = 0.18 e Å−3 |
3 restraints | Δρmin = −0.15 e Å−3 |
C18H24O5·H2O | V = 1905.3 (5) Å3 |
Mr = 338.39 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 8.2727 (11) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
b = 24.579 (3) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 9.3703 (14) Å | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.1 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 4626 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001) | 2870 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.151, Tmax = 0.477 | Rint = 0.109 |
20473 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.051 | 3 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.134 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 0.90 | Δρmax = 0.18 e Å−3 |
4626 reflections | Δρmin = −0.15 e Å−3 |
225 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | −0.02619 (16) | 0.98111 (5) | 0.36315 (17) | 0.0478 (4) | |
O2 | −0.16664 (17) | 1.05917 (5) | 0.35375 (17) | 0.0554 (4) | |
O3 | 0.1136 (3) | 0.77977 (7) | 0.4127 (2) | 0.0839 (6) | |
O4 | 0.5417 (2) | 1.15308 (6) | 0.4798 (2) | 0.0680 (5) | |
H4A | 0.5221 | 1.1805 | 0.5264 | 0.102* | |
O5 | −0.03447 (19) | 1.14487 (6) | 0.46197 (19) | 0.0616 (4) | |
H5A | −0.1084 | 1.1253 | 0.4345 | 0.092* | |
C1 | −0.0353 (2) | 1.03555 (8) | 0.3654 (2) | 0.0425 (5) | |
C2 | −0.2267 (3) | 0.95504 (10) | 0.1831 (2) | 0.0589 (6) | |
H2A | −0.2494 | 0.9924 | 0.1610 | 0.088* | |
H2B | −0.3218 | 0.9335 | 0.1667 | 0.088* | |
H2C | −0.1406 | 0.9422 | 0.1232 | 0.088* | |
C3 | −0.1771 (2) | 0.95029 (8) | 0.3378 (2) | 0.0455 (5) | |
H3A | −0.2632 | 0.9647 | 0.3988 | 0.055* | |
C4 | −0.1378 (3) | 0.89190 (8) | 0.3826 (2) | 0.0505 (5) | |
H4B | −0.2274 | 0.8687 | 0.3553 | 0.061* | |
H4C | −0.0435 | 0.8799 | 0.3299 | 0.061* | |
C5 | −0.1054 (3) | 0.88393 (8) | 0.5415 (2) | 0.0552 (5) | |
H5B | −0.2021 | 0.8935 | 0.5945 | 0.066* | |
H5C | −0.0201 | 0.9086 | 0.5708 | 0.066* | |
C6 | −0.0556 (3) | 0.82491 (9) | 0.5808 (3) | 0.0654 (7) | |
H6A | −0.0491 | 0.8215 | 0.6837 | 0.078* | |
H6B | −0.1377 | 0.7998 | 0.5470 | 0.078* | |
C7 | 0.1051 (3) | 0.80991 (8) | 0.5160 (3) | 0.0589 (6) | |
C8 | 0.2570 (3) | 0.83280 (9) | 0.5834 (3) | 0.0615 (6) | |
H8A | 0.2925 | 0.8081 | 0.6578 | 0.074* | |
H8B | 0.2305 | 0.8672 | 0.6284 | 0.074* | |
C9 | 0.3968 (3) | 0.84196 (8) | 0.4802 (3) | 0.0694 (7) | |
H9A | 0.4214 | 0.8079 | 0.4328 | 0.083* | |
H9B | 0.4916 | 0.8526 | 0.5344 | 0.083* | |
C10 | 0.3630 (3) | 0.88553 (8) | 0.3663 (3) | 0.0606 (6) | |
H10A | 0.4530 | 0.8861 | 0.3000 | 0.073* | |
H10B | 0.2675 | 0.8749 | 0.3132 | 0.073* | |
C11 | 0.3374 (3) | 0.94306 (7) | 0.4230 (2) | 0.0507 (5) | |
H11A | 0.4313 | 0.9536 | 0.4786 | 0.061* | |
H11B | 0.2447 | 0.9431 | 0.4863 | 0.061* | |
C12 | 0.3099 (3) | 0.98564 (7) | 0.3038 (2) | 0.0464 (5) | |
H12A | 0.4046 | 0.9868 | 0.2428 | 0.056* | |
H12B | 0.2187 | 0.9744 | 0.2458 | 0.056* | |
C13 | 0.4138 (3) | 1.07391 (8) | 0.3932 (2) | 0.0477 (5) | |
H13A | 0.5159 | 1.0599 | 0.3737 | 0.057* | |
C14 | 0.4003 (3) | 1.12590 (8) | 0.4520 (2) | 0.0510 (5) | |
C15 | 0.2481 (3) | 1.14844 (8) | 0.4758 (2) | 0.0516 (5) | |
H15A | 0.2387 | 1.1831 | 0.5144 | 0.062* | |
C16 | 0.1105 (3) | 1.11881 (8) | 0.4414 (2) | 0.0463 (5) | |
C17 | 0.1200 (2) | 1.06443 (7) | 0.3887 (2) | 0.0410 (5) | |
C18 | 0.2776 (2) | 1.04239 (7) | 0.3628 (2) | 0.0415 (4) | |
O6 | 0.4912 (3) | 1.24388 (7) | 0.6343 (2) | 0.1064 (8) | |
H6C | 0.458 (5) | 1.2351 (13) | 0.730 (2) | 0.162 (17)* | |
H6D | 0.484 (5) | 1.2781 (8) | 0.585 (3) | 0.142 (14)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0409 (7) | 0.0411 (7) | 0.0614 (9) | 0.0008 (6) | −0.0041 (7) | 0.0008 (7) |
O2 | 0.0449 (8) | 0.0494 (7) | 0.0720 (10) | 0.0083 (6) | 0.0012 (8) | 0.0019 (7) |
O3 | 0.1077 (16) | 0.0612 (10) | 0.0827 (13) | 0.0028 (10) | −0.0138 (12) | −0.0180 (10) |
O4 | 0.0628 (10) | 0.0552 (9) | 0.0859 (13) | −0.0091 (8) | −0.0132 (9) | −0.0058 (9) |
O5 | 0.0568 (9) | 0.0424 (7) | 0.0856 (12) | 0.0099 (7) | 0.0087 (9) | −0.0011 (8) |
C1 | 0.0454 (11) | 0.0442 (10) | 0.0379 (10) | 0.0057 (9) | 0.0052 (10) | 0.0050 (9) |
C2 | 0.0575 (14) | 0.0706 (14) | 0.0487 (12) | 0.0015 (11) | −0.0035 (11) | −0.0040 (11) |
C3 | 0.0379 (10) | 0.0493 (10) | 0.0493 (12) | −0.0020 (9) | 0.0003 (10) | −0.0056 (9) |
C4 | 0.0491 (13) | 0.0473 (11) | 0.0551 (13) | −0.0063 (9) | −0.0022 (11) | −0.0060 (9) |
C5 | 0.0613 (14) | 0.0511 (11) | 0.0531 (13) | −0.0053 (11) | 0.0037 (13) | 0.0009 (10) |
C6 | 0.0741 (16) | 0.0544 (13) | 0.0676 (16) | −0.0143 (12) | −0.0036 (14) | 0.0111 (11) |
C7 | 0.0837 (17) | 0.0355 (9) | 0.0574 (14) | −0.0020 (11) | −0.0090 (14) | 0.0074 (10) |
C8 | 0.0753 (16) | 0.0467 (11) | 0.0627 (15) | 0.0016 (11) | −0.0158 (14) | 0.0093 (11) |
C9 | 0.0693 (16) | 0.0412 (11) | 0.098 (2) | 0.0113 (11) | 0.0005 (16) | 0.0084 (12) |
C10 | 0.0639 (15) | 0.0454 (11) | 0.0725 (16) | 0.0075 (10) | 0.0122 (14) | 0.0020 (11) |
C11 | 0.0510 (12) | 0.0391 (10) | 0.0622 (13) | 0.0030 (9) | −0.0041 (11) | 0.0017 (9) |
C12 | 0.0448 (11) | 0.0426 (10) | 0.0517 (12) | 0.0038 (9) | 0.0053 (10) | −0.0010 (9) |
C13 | 0.0441 (11) | 0.0449 (10) | 0.0541 (13) | 0.0032 (9) | −0.0006 (10) | 0.0044 (9) |
C14 | 0.0553 (13) | 0.0465 (10) | 0.0511 (13) | −0.0085 (10) | −0.0081 (12) | 0.0078 (10) |
C15 | 0.0659 (14) | 0.0341 (9) | 0.0548 (13) | −0.0002 (10) | 0.0007 (12) | −0.0004 (9) |
C16 | 0.0535 (12) | 0.0386 (9) | 0.0469 (12) | 0.0071 (9) | 0.0053 (11) | 0.0091 (9) |
C17 | 0.0452 (11) | 0.0381 (9) | 0.0398 (11) | 0.0024 (8) | 0.0015 (10) | 0.0070 (8) |
C18 | 0.0476 (11) | 0.0379 (9) | 0.0391 (10) | 0.0032 (8) | 0.0003 (10) | 0.0078 (8) |
O6 | 0.187 (3) | 0.0491 (10) | 0.0833 (15) | −0.0237 (12) | 0.0217 (17) | 0.0017 (10) |
O1—C1 | 1.340 (2) | C8—C9 | 1.524 (4) |
O1—C3 | 1.479 (2) | C8—H8A | 0.9700 |
O2—C1 | 1.237 (2) | C8—H8B | 0.9700 |
O3—C7 | 1.221 (3) | C9—C10 | 1.538 (3) |
O4—C14 | 1.372 (3) | C9—H9A | 0.9700 |
O4—H4A | 0.8200 | C9—H9B | 0.9700 |
O5—C16 | 1.373 (3) | C10—C11 | 1.525 (3) |
O5—H5A | 0.8200 | C10—H10A | 0.9700 |
C1—C17 | 1.484 (3) | C10—H10B | 0.9700 |
C2—C3 | 1.511 (3) | C11—C12 | 1.548 (3) |
C2—H2A | 0.9600 | C11—H11A | 0.9700 |
C2—H2B | 0.9600 | C11—H11B | 0.9700 |
C2—H2C | 0.9600 | C12—C18 | 1.524 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.531 (3) | C12—H12A | 0.9700 |
C3—H3A | 0.9800 | C12—H12B | 0.9700 |
C4—C5 | 1.525 (3) | C13—C18 | 1.396 (3) |
C4—H4B | 0.9700 | C13—C14 | 1.396 (3) |
C4—H4C | 0.9700 | C13—H13A | 0.9300 |
C5—C6 | 1.552 (3) | C14—C15 | 1.394 (3) |
C5—H5B | 0.9700 | C15—C16 | 1.389 (3) |
C5—H5C | 0.9700 | C15—H15A | 0.9300 |
C6—C7 | 1.507 (4) | C16—C17 | 1.427 (3) |
C6—H6A | 0.9700 | C17—C18 | 1.433 (3) |
C6—H6B | 0.9700 | O6—H6C | 0.960 (10) |
C7—C8 | 1.515 (3) | O6—H6D | 0.961 (10) |
C1—O1—C3 | 117.78 (15) | H8A—C8—H8B | 107.5 |
C14—O4—H4A | 109.5 | C8—C9—C10 | 113.91 (19) |
C16—O5—H5A | 109.5 | C8—C9—H9A | 108.8 |
O2—C1—O1 | 121.12 (18) | C10—C9—H9A | 108.8 |
O2—C1—C17 | 123.31 (17) | C8—C9—H9B | 108.8 |
O1—C1—C17 | 115.53 (16) | C10—C9—H9B | 108.8 |
C3—C2—H2A | 109.5 | H9A—C9—H9B | 107.7 |
C3—C2—H2B | 109.5 | C11—C10—C9 | 115.4 (2) |
H2A—C2—H2B | 109.5 | C11—C10—H10A | 108.4 |
C3—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C9—C10—H10A | 108.4 |
H2A—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C11—C10—H10B | 108.4 |
H2B—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C9—C10—H10B | 108.4 |
O1—C3—C2 | 110.14 (18) | H10A—C10—H10B | 107.5 |
O1—C3—C4 | 104.88 (15) | C10—C11—C12 | 113.32 (19) |
C2—C3—C4 | 113.18 (18) | C10—C11—H11A | 108.9 |
O1—C3—H3A | 109.5 | C12—C11—H11A | 108.9 |
C2—C3—H3A | 109.5 | C10—C11—H11B | 108.9 |
C4—C3—H3A | 109.5 | C12—C11—H11B | 108.9 |
C5—C4—C3 | 115.21 (17) | H11A—C11—H11B | 107.7 |
C5—C4—H4B | 108.5 | C18—C12—C11 | 112.51 (17) |
C3—C4—H4B | 108.5 | C18—C12—H12A | 109.1 |
C5—C4—H4C | 108.5 | C11—C12—H12A | 109.1 |
C3—C4—H4C | 108.5 | C18—C12—H12B | 109.1 |
H4B—C4—H4C | 107.5 | C11—C12—H12B | 109.1 |
C4—C5—C6 | 113.45 (18) | H12A—C12—H12B | 107.8 |
C4—C5—H5B | 108.9 | C18—C13—C14 | 121.60 (19) |
C6—C5—H5B | 108.9 | C18—C13—H13A | 119.2 |
C4—C5—H5C | 108.9 | C14—C13—H13A | 119.2 |
C6—C5—H5C | 108.9 | O4—C14—C15 | 123.12 (18) |
H5B—C5—H5C | 107.7 | O4—C14—C13 | 116.9 (2) |
C7—C6—C5 | 111.56 (19) | C15—C14—C13 | 119.94 (19) |
C7—C6—H6A | 109.3 | C16—C15—C14 | 119.67 (18) |
C5—C6—H6A | 109.3 | C16—C15—H15A | 120.2 |
C7—C6—H6B | 109.3 | C14—C15—H15A | 120.2 |
C5—C6—H6B | 109.3 | O5—C16—C15 | 116.03 (17) |
H6A—C6—H6B | 108.0 | O5—C16—C17 | 122.26 (19) |
O3—C7—C6 | 121.3 (2) | C15—C16—C17 | 121.71 (19) |
O3—C7—C8 | 120.5 (3) | C16—C17—C18 | 117.60 (18) |
C6—C7—C8 | 118.2 (2) | C16—C17—C1 | 116.80 (17) |
C7—C8—C9 | 114.8 (2) | C18—C17—C1 | 125.60 (16) |
C7—C8—H8A | 108.6 | C13—C18—C17 | 119.32 (17) |
C9—C8—H8A | 108.6 | C13—C18—C12 | 116.14 (17) |
C7—C8—H8B | 108.6 | C17—C18—C12 | 124.54 (17) |
C9—C8—H8B | 108.6 | H6C—O6—H6D | 128.6 (19) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O4—H4A···O6 | 0.82 | 1.87 | 2.693 (2) | 176 |
O5—H5A···O2 | 0.82 | 1.86 | 2.581 (2) | 147 |
O6—H6C···O3i | 0.96 (2) | 1.85 (2) | 2.810 (3) | 178 (3) |
O6—H6D···O5ii | 0.96 (2) | 1.95 (2) | 2.887 (2) | 164 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+2, z+1/2; (ii) x+1/2, −y+5/2, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C18H24O5·H2O |
Mr | 338.39 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 8.2727 (11), 24.579 (3), 9.3703 (14) |
V (Å3) | 1905.3 (5) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.09 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.1 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2001) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.151, 0.477 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 20473, 4626, 2870 |
Rint | 0.109 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.664 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.051, 0.134, 0.90 |
No. of reflections | 4626 |
No. of parameters | 225 |
No. of restraints | 3 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.18, −0.15 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Bruker, 2001), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O4—H4A···O6 | 0.82 | 1.87 | 2.693 (2) | 176 |
O5—H5A···O2 | 0.82 | 1.86 | 2.581 (2) | 147 |
O6—H6C···O3i | 0.96 (2) | 1.85 (2) | 2.810 (3) | 178 (3) |
O6—H6D···O5ii | 0.96 (2) | 1.95 (2) | 2.887 (2) | 164 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+2, z+1/2; (ii) x+1/2, −y+5/2, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr Robert Köppen from the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) for his assistance in obtaining zearalanone crystals.
References
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Zearalanone (ZAN) is a semisynthetic resorcylic acid lactone (RAL) belonging to the group of Zearalenone (ZEN) analoga. ZAN was first prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of the double bond between C11 and C12 of natural ZEN (Urry et al., 1966).
ZEN is a well known crop contaminant produced by a variety of Fusarium fungi. Its crystal structure was elucidated by Panneerselvam and colleagues (1996). Since the first isolation of ZEN from Fungi, a range of structurally closely related analoga have been isolated or prepared from ZEN (Gelo-Pujić et al., 1994, Zhao et al., 2008).
These RALs exhibit interesting estrogenic and anabolic effects due to their coupling with the estrogenic receptors alpha and beta (Mirocha et al., 1968). Hence, ZAN was patented as a growth promoter in cattle as early as 1966 (U. S. P., 3239354). Furthermore, ZAN is not occurring in food, wherefore it was exploited as an internal standard for ZEN and its metabolites (Berthiller et al., 2005, Maragou et al., 2008, Ren et al., 2007, Shin et al., 2009).
The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121. The compound has a macrocyclic structure. The molecular structure of the compound and the atom-labeling scheme are shown in Fig 1. The absolute configuration could not be defined confidently based on the single-crystal diffraction data. The isomeric purity of the title compound was confirmed by 1H-NMR, HPLC-DAD and –MS/MS data. Besides the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between O5—H5A and O2, each molecule is connected to three adjacent water molecules via intermolecular hydrogen bonds (see dashed red bonds in Fig. 2). As a result a three dimensional network is formed.