inorganic compounds
K2[FeII3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]
aDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: yaxihuang@xmu.edu.cn
The title compound, dipotassium diaquabis(diphosphato)triferrate(II), K2[FeII3(P2O7)2(H2O)2], was synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The is isotypic with its Co analogue. In the structure, there are two crystallographically distinct Fe positions; one lies on an inversion center, the other on a general position. The first Fe2+ cation adopts a regular octahedral coordination with six O atoms, whereas the other is coordinated by five O atoms and a water molecule. The [FeO6] octahedron shares its trans-edges with an adjacent [FeO5(H2O)] octahedron; in turn, the [FeO5(H2O)] octahedron shares skew-edges with a neighbouring [FeO6] octahedron and an [FeO5(H2O)] octahedron, resulting in a zigzag octahedral chain running along [001]. The zigzag chains are linked to each other by the P2O7 diphosphate groups, leading to a corrugated iron diphosphate layer, [Fe3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]2−, parallel to (100). The interlayer space is occupied by K+ cations, which adopt an eight-coordination to seven O atoms and one water molecule from a neighbouring iron diphosphate layer. Thus, the K+ ions not only compensate the negative charge of the layer but also link the layers into a network structure.
Related literature
For background to iron compounds, see: Mi et al. (2004); Huang et al. (2012). For related structures, see: Chippindale et al. (2003) for (NH4)2[Mn3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]; Lightfoot et al. (1990) for K2[Co3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]; Liu et al. (2012) for (NH4)2[Fe3II(P2O7(H2O)2)2]; Liu et al. (2004) for Na(NH4)[Ni3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]; Wei et al. (2010) for (NH4)2[Ni3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]. For bond-valence calculations, see: Brown (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2005) and ATOMS (Dowty, 2004); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536812021484/br2202sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812021484/br2202Isup2.hkl
The title compound has been synthesized under solvothermal condition. In a typical synthesis, 1 mmol Fe powder and 2.5 mmol KH2PO4 were added into the mixed solvent of 2 mL pyridine and 2 mL 1,2-propanediol. Then, 2 mL H3PO4 (85%) was dropped into the above solution to adjust pH value to 6-7. After stirred for 5 minutes, the mixture was transferred into a 15 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave which was heated at 436 K for 7 days and then was cooled down to room temperature. The final product, colourless block-like crystals, was washed with distilled water and filtrated by vacuum. The powder X-ray diffraction of the sample showed that it is isotypic to our recently reported compound [NH4]2[FeII3(H2O)2(P2O7)2].
The hydrogen atoms bonded to water (O8) were located from the difference Fourier maps and refined without applying any constraints on the distance of O–H and the displacement parameter of H atoms.
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2005) and ATOMS (Dowty, 2004); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).K2[Fe3(P2O7)2(H2O)2] | F(000) = 616 |
Mr = 629.66 | Dx = 3.037 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 4006 reflections |
a = 9.1517 (16) Å | θ = 2.3–28.3° |
b = 8.1737 (15) Å | µ = 4.28 mm−1 |
c = 9.3147 (17) Å | T = 173 K |
β = 98.860 (3)° | Block, colourless |
V = 688.5 (2) Å3 | 0.09 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
Z = 2 |
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer | 1596 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1460 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.027 |
1265 images,ϕ=0, 90, 180 degree, and Δω=0.3 degree, χ= 54.74 degree scans | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SMART; Bruker, 2001) | h = −11→12 |
Tmin = 0.687, Tmax = 0.710 | k = −10→10 |
4006 measured reflections | l = −12→8 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.032 | Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | All H-atom parameters refined |
S = 1.07 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0303P)2 + 1.280P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
1596 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
123 parameters | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.66 e Å−3 |
K2[Fe3(P2O7)2(H2O)2] | V = 688.5 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 629.66 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 9.1517 (16) Å | µ = 4.28 mm−1 |
b = 8.1737 (15) Å | T = 173 K |
c = 9.3147 (17) Å | 0.09 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
β = 98.860 (3)° |
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer | 1596 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SMART; Bruker, 2001) | 1460 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.687, Tmax = 0.710 | Rint = 0.027 |
4006 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.032 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | All H-atom parameters refined |
S = 1.07 | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
1596 reflections | Δρmin = −0.66 e Å−3 |
123 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Fe1 | 0.86324 (5) | 0.85888 (6) | 0.50352 (5) | 0.00807 (13) | |
Fe2 | 1.0000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.00754 (16) | |
P1 | 0.89966 (9) | 0.30110 (10) | 0.20949 (9) | 0.00652 (18) | |
P2 | 0.69498 (9) | 0.56235 (10) | 0.26759 (9) | 0.00744 (18) | |
K1 | 0.57440 (8) | 0.27162 (10) | 0.48169 (9) | 0.01682 (19) | |
O1 | 0.6935 (3) | 0.6515 (3) | 0.1248 (3) | 0.0111 (5) | |
O2 | 0.7397 (2) | 0.3719 (3) | 0.2360 (2) | 0.0090 (5) | |
O3 | 0.8654 (2) | 0.1362 (3) | 0.1376 (2) | 0.0084 (5) | |
O4 | 0.9925 (2) | 0.2944 (3) | 0.3595 (2) | 0.0094 (5) | |
O5 | 0.8140 (2) | 0.6235 (3) | 0.3887 (3) | 0.0103 (5) | |
O6 | 1.0389 (2) | 0.9230 (3) | 0.3891 (2) | 0.0089 (5) | |
O7 | 0.5448 (2) | 0.5477 (3) | 0.3129 (3) | 0.0120 (5) | |
O8 | 0.7250 (3) | 0.9942 (3) | 0.3420 (3) | 0.0146 (5) | |
H1 | 0.770 (5) | 1.027 (6) | 0.278 (5) | 0.023 (13)* | |
H2 | 0.645 (5) | 0.991 (5) | 0.302 (5) | 0.013 (11)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Fe1 | 0.0087 (2) | 0.0085 (2) | 0.0070 (2) | 0.00054 (17) | 0.00131 (17) | 0.00043 (17) |
Fe2 | 0.0088 (3) | 0.0075 (3) | 0.0061 (3) | 0.0003 (2) | 0.0004 (2) | 0.0000 (2) |
P1 | 0.0070 (4) | 0.0068 (4) | 0.0058 (4) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0008 (3) | −0.0002 (3) |
P2 | 0.0072 (4) | 0.0081 (4) | 0.0069 (4) | 0.0007 (3) | 0.0007 (3) | −0.0007 (3) |
K1 | 0.0152 (4) | 0.0183 (4) | 0.0164 (4) | −0.0009 (3) | 0.0007 (3) | 0.0013 (3) |
O1 | 0.0113 (11) | 0.0142 (12) | 0.0083 (11) | 0.0030 (9) | 0.0029 (9) | 0.0019 (9) |
O2 | 0.0072 (11) | 0.0086 (11) | 0.0113 (12) | −0.0005 (8) | 0.0015 (9) | −0.0025 (9) |
O3 | 0.0105 (11) | 0.0075 (11) | 0.0071 (11) | −0.0004 (8) | 0.0014 (9) | −0.0016 (9) |
O4 | 0.0103 (11) | 0.0096 (11) | 0.0079 (11) | 0.0005 (9) | 0.0002 (9) | −0.0006 (9) |
O5 | 0.0096 (11) | 0.0089 (11) | 0.0114 (12) | 0.0017 (9) | −0.0014 (9) | −0.0020 (9) |
O6 | 0.0091 (11) | 0.0094 (12) | 0.0082 (11) | −0.0001 (9) | 0.0021 (9) | −0.0014 (9) |
O7 | 0.0072 (11) | 0.0134 (12) | 0.0158 (13) | −0.0004 (9) | 0.0028 (9) | −0.0008 (10) |
O8 | 0.0097 (13) | 0.0200 (14) | 0.0140 (14) | 0.0006 (10) | 0.0009 (11) | 0.0061 (10) |
Fe1—O1i | 2.058 (2) | P1—O2 | 1.628 (2) |
Fe1—O4ii | 2.103 (2) | P2—O7 | 1.503 (2) |
Fe1—O8 | 2.121 (3) | P2—O1 | 1.515 (2) |
Fe1—O6 | 2.127 (2) | P2—O5 | 1.527 (2) |
Fe1—O6iii | 2.169 (2) | P2—O2 | 1.648 (2) |
Fe1—O5 | 2.214 (2) | K1—O1vii | 2.685 (2) |
Fe2—O5ii | 2.109 (2) | K1—O7 | 2.740 (3) |
Fe2—O5 | 2.109 (2) | K1—O7viii | 2.771 (3) |
Fe2—O4ii | 2.124 (2) | K1—O2iv | 2.859 (2) |
Fe2—O4 | 2.124 (2) | K1—O3iv | 2.929 (2) |
Fe2—O3iv | 2.210 (2) | K1—O2 | 3.043 (2) |
Fe2—O3v | 2.210 (2) | K1—O8ix | 3.047 (3) |
P1—O3 | 1.516 (2) | K1—O7vii | 3.339 (3) |
P1—O6vi | 1.520 (2) | O8—H1 | 0.82 (5) |
P1—O4 | 1.521 (2) | O8—H2 | 0.76 (4) |
O1i—Fe1—O4ii | 95.66 (9) | O1vii—K1—O7 | 94.87 (7) |
O1i—Fe1—O8 | 89.59 (10) | O1vii—K1—O7viii | 90.91 (7) |
O4ii—Fe1—O8 | 172.30 (10) | O7—K1—O7viii | 86.72 (8) |
O1i—Fe1—O6 | 167.91 (9) | O1vii—K1—O2iv | 119.53 (7) |
O4ii—Fe1—O6 | 89.92 (9) | O7—K1—O2iv | 143.75 (7) |
O8—Fe1—O6 | 86.00 (10) | O7viii—K1—O2iv | 81.99 (7) |
O1i—Fe1—O6iii | 94.22 (9) | O1vii—K1—O3iv | 170.43 (7) |
O4ii—Fe1—O6iii | 91.94 (9) | O7—K1—O3iv | 94.29 (7) |
O8—Fe1—O6iii | 93.29 (10) | O7viii—K1—O3iv | 86.85 (7) |
O6—Fe1—O6iii | 74.83 (10) | O2iv—K1—O3iv | 50.94 (6) |
O1i—Fe1—O5 | 96.59 (9) | O1vii—K1—O2 | 110.62 (7) |
O4ii—Fe1—O5 | 80.63 (9) | O7—K1—O2 | 50.46 (7) |
O8—Fe1—O5 | 93.20 (10) | O7viii—K1—O2 | 132.06 (7) |
O6—Fe1—O5 | 94.90 (9) | O2iv—K1—O2 | 118.20 (8) |
O6iii—Fe1—O5 | 167.42 (9) | O3iv—K1—O2 | 77.53 (6) |
O5ii—Fe2—O5 | 180.0 | O1vii—K1—O8ix | 91.01 (8) |
O5ii—Fe2—O4ii | 97.39 (9) | O7—K1—O8ix | 112.28 (8) |
O5—Fe2—O4ii | 82.61 (9) | O7viii—K1—O8ix | 160.66 (8) |
O5ii—Fe2—O4 | 82.61 (9) | O2iv—K1—O8ix | 80.33 (7) |
O5—Fe2—O4 | 97.39 (9) | O3iv—K1—O8ix | 88.08 (7) |
O4ii—Fe2—O4 | 180.0 | O2—K1—O8ix | 64.50 (7) |
O5ii—Fe2—O3iv | 87.34 (9) | O1vii—K1—O7vii | 48.08 (6) |
O5—Fe2—O3iv | 92.66 (9) | O7—K1—O7vii | 89.37 (3) |
O4ii—Fe2—O3iv | 90.54 (9) | O7viii—K1—O7vii | 138.28 (9) |
O4—Fe2—O3iv | 89.46 (9) | O2iv—K1—O7vii | 121.35 (7) |
O5ii—Fe2—O3v | 92.66 (9) | O3iv—K1—O7vii | 134.87 (7) |
O5—Fe2—O3v | 87.34 (9) | O2—K1—O7vii | 70.56 (6) |
O4ii—Fe2—O3v | 89.46 (9) | O8ix—K1—O7vii | 49.70 (7) |
O4—Fe2—O3v | 90.54 (9) | P2—O1—Fe1x | 123.83 (14) |
O3iv—Fe2—O3v | 180.0 | P1—O2—P2 | 128.09 (15) |
O3—P1—O6vi | 112.74 (13) | P1—O3—Fe2vi | 127.45 (13) |
O3—P1—O4 | 114.99 (13) | P1—O4—Fe1ii | 142.06 (15) |
O6vi—P1—O4 | 111.86 (13) | P1—O4—Fe2 | 119.89 (13) |
O3—P1—O2 | 104.68 (12) | Fe1ii—O4—Fe2 | 98.04 (9) |
O6vi—P1—O2 | 106.47 (13) | P2—O5—Fe2 | 129.55 (14) |
O4—P1—O2 | 105.14 (13) | P2—O5—Fe1 | 135.27 (14) |
O7—P2—O1 | 113.58 (13) | Fe2—O5—Fe1 | 95.14 (9) |
O7—P2—O5 | 113.47 (14) | P1v—O6—Fe1 | 121.29 (13) |
O1—P2—O5 | 113.57 (14) | P1v—O6—Fe1iii | 130.73 (13) |
O7—P2—O2 | 103.75 (13) | Fe1—O6—Fe1iii | 105.17 (10) |
O1—P2—O2 | 105.48 (13) | H1—O8—H2 | 102 (4) |
O5—P2—O2 | 105.80 (13) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1; (iii) −x+2, −y+2, −z+1; (iv) x, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (v) −x+2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (vi) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (vii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (viii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ix) x, y−1, z; (x) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O8—H1···O3xi | 0.82 (5) | 1.90 (5) | 2.716 (4) | 171 (5) |
O8—H2···O7xii | 0.76 (4) | 1.95 (4) | 2.696 (4) | 164 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (xi) x, y+1, z; (xii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | K2[Fe3(P2O7)2(H2O)2] |
Mr | 629.66 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 173 |
a, b, c (Å) | 9.1517 (16), 8.1737 (15), 9.3147 (17) |
β (°) | 98.860 (3) |
V (Å3) | 688.5 (2) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 4.28 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.09 × 0.09 × 0.08 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SMART; Bruker, 2001) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.687, 0.710 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 4006, 1596, 1460 |
Rint | 0.027 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.666 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.032, 0.074, 1.07 |
No. of reflections | 1596 |
No. of parameters | 123 |
H-atom treatment | All H-atom parameters refined |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.57, −0.66 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Bruker, 2001), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2005) and ATOMS (Dowty, 2004), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O8—H1···O3i | 0.82 (5) | 1.90 (5) | 2.716 (4) | 171 (5) |
O8—H2···O7ii | 0.76 (4) | 1.95 (4) | 2.696 (4) | 164 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1, z; (ii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of the State Education Ministry, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 40972035), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (grant No. 2010J01308) and the Scientific and Technological Innovation Platform of Fujian Province of China (grant No. 2009J1009).
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
A class of layered transition metal diphosphates with the general formula of A2M3(P2O7)2(H2O)2 (A = K or NH4, M = transition metal (II)) has recently attracted much attention. Since the first publication of K2Co3(P2O7)2(H2O)2 (Lightfoot et al., 1990) in 1990, a few examples of ammonium substituted compounds, (NH4)2M3(P2O7)2(H2O)2 (M = Mn2+, Ni2+) (Chippindale et al., 2003; Wei et al., 2010), have been synthesized by using either solvothermal or ionothermal method. Their magnetic and ion exchange behaviors have also been discussed. Besides, a compound with mixed cations, Na(NH4)[Ni3(P2O7)2(H2O)2], has also been reported (Liu et al., 2004). Although compounds incorporating with Mn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+ have been known, as a very close relationship to these elements, Fe2+ was not yet found in this class of compounds until very recently an ammonium iron diphosphate, (NH4)2[Fe3II(P2O7)2(H2O)2], was reported by our group which was synthesized by using iron powder as iron source and applying the weak reductive agent pyridine as solvent (Liu et al., 2012). During our systematically investigation on iron compounds (Mi et al., 2004; Huang et al., 2012), we obtained a new member in this class of compounds with the formula of K2[FeII3(P2O7)2(H2O)2].
In the crystal structure of the title compound, there are two crystallographically distinct iron sites, one potassium, and two independent phosphorus (shown in Figure 1). Fe(2) lies on an inversion center (2a, -1) while Fe(1) on a general position (4e, 1). Fe(2) adopts a regular octahedral coordination with six oxygen atoms, whereas Fe(1) coordinates to five oxygen atoms and a water molecule in the form of Fe(1)O5(OH2). Each Fe(2)O6 octahedron shares trans-edges with adjacent Fe(1)O5(OH2) octahedra, and in turn, Fe(1)O5(OH2) octahedron shares skew-edges with the neighboring Fe(2)O6 and Fe(1)O5(OH2) octahedra, which finally leads to the formation of FeO6-based zigzag chains parallel to [010] (see Figure 2a). Two independent phosphorus atoms adopt a four-fold coordination with one long P–O bond and three general P–O bonds which are often found in diphosphates. Every two PO4 tetrahedra share the common O-vertex (O2) to constitute a P2O7 group which acts as a bidentate ligand to link FeO6-based chains along [001], resulting in a undulating iron diphosphate layer, [Fe3(P2O7)2(H2O)2]2–, parallel to the (100) (see Figure 2b). The layers stack along the a-axis direction in AAA fashion with the potassium atoms locating at the interlayer space (see Figure 2c). The potassium ion is 8-coordinated with seven oxygens and a water molecule from the neighbouring layers with one long bond and seven relatively short bonds (see Figure 2d). Bond-valence sum calculations (Brown, 2002) suggests both two iron atoms are in the 2+ valence state (Cald.: 2.008 v.u. for Fe(1) and 2.112 v.u. for Fe(2) and the potassium should be +1 oxidation (Cald.: 1.054 v.u. for K1). Comparing the crystal structure of NH4- and K-compounds, both of them possess the same conformation of iron diphosphate layer, however, the interlayer distance of K-compound is relatively smaller than that of NH4-compound identified by the a-value (9.1517 (16) Å for KFe-compound and 9.4131 (17) Å for NH4Fe-compound) which is consistent with the ion radius of K+ and NH4+.