organic compounds
N-(4-Methylpiperazin-4-ium-1-yl)dithiocarbamate sesquihydrate
aDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
*Correspondence e-mail: anna.mietlarek-kropidlowska@pg.gda.pl
In the 6H13N3S2·1.5H2O, weak N—H⋯S interactions between the zwitterionic molecules are observed, leading to an extensively folded layered arrangement parallel to (100). There are three crystallographically independent water molecules in the which are disordered and only half occupied.
of the title compound, CRelated literature
For the synthesis and structures of a series of −S2CNR-type zwitterionic dithiocarbamic acids, see: Schramm et al. (1984) for R = C3H6NH+(Me)2; Kokkou et al. (1988) for R = C3H6NH+(Et)2 and R=C2H4NH+(Et)2; Stergioudis et al. (1989) for R=C2H4NH+(Me)2; Yamin et al. (2002) for R=C2H4NH3+. For structures of dithiocarbamates incorporating a hydrazine-based skeleton, see: Braibanti et al. (1969); Mattes & Füsser (1984); Kiel et al. (1985). For the synthesis of dithiocarbamates, see: Coucouvanis (1979); Hogarth (2005); Eul et al. (1987); Hulanicki (1967); Ivanov et al. (1999). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008); cell CrysAlis PRO; data reduction: CrysAlis PRO; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia,1997) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536812020521/nc2276sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812020521/nc2276Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812020521/nc2276Isup3.cml
A stoichiometric amount (0.325 g, 0.26 cm3) of carbon disulfide, CS2, was added dropwise to a methanol/H2O (10:1, v/v) solution containing 0.5 g (0.52 cm3) 1-amino-4-methylpiperazine and 0.24 g potassium hydroxide. The mixture had been stirred for ca 25 min until a white precipitate appeared. The clear filtrate was then left at temperature of 5°C for crystallization. After 5 days, well shaped, colorless needle-like crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were collected. Then, the mother liquor was concentrated and after few days more product was isolated. The overall yield was ca 50%. The presence of O—H groups was confirmed by FTIR analysis of single crystals taken from the mother liquor using Mattson Genesis II Gold spectrometer equipped with Momentum Microscope as detector (a broad maximum of absorption at 3434 cm-1 together with a sharp one at 3239 cm-1). However, the product, when taken from the mother liquor and dried using the filter paper, changes - becomes at first opaque and finally takes the form of a powder (most probably because of the removal of the solvent molecules). The microanalysis of such product was also conducted using Vario El Cube CHNS, Elementar (found: %H 6.55, %N 17.04, %C 29.82; calc. for C6H13N3S2.1.5H2O: %H 7.38, %N 19.24, %C 33.00). The melting point for the title compound (for 10 °/min heating rate) was determined to be 129°C.
All C—H atoms were placed in calculated positions (methyl H atoms allowed to rotate but not to tip) and refined as riding on their carrier atoms with respective bond lengths and Uiso(H) values: C—H = 0.96 Å (CH3) and Uiso(H) = 1.5 Ueq(C), C—H = 0.97 Å (CH2) and Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C). Refirement of N—H was carried out withouth restrains.
After
of the zwitterionic molecule three electron density peaks are observed that were assigned to three disordered and half-occupied oxygen atoms with distances O1—O2 and O2—O3 2.734 (5) and 2.845 (5) Å, respectively. The symmetry equivalent atoms constitute the second disorder part. The connectivity table was adjusted by using PART -1 SHELX instruction to avoid creating bonds to symmetry equivalent oxygen atoms (generated by the twofold axis). Hydrogen atoms bound to O1 and O2 are directed towards acceptor atoms and could have been found and refined as restrained. Positions of H3C and H3D hydrogen atoms were restrained to target 0.85 (2) Å O—H bond lengths and to 1.300 Å H3C—H3D distance to maintain proper H—O—H valence angle.Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008); cell
CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008); data reduction: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia,1997) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).C6H13N3S2·1.5H2O | F(000) = 936 |
Mr = 218.34 | Dx = 1.338 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Melting point: 402 K |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 23.3560 (18) Å | Cell parameters from 2050 reflections |
b = 6.8191 (3) Å | θ = 2.6–28.7° |
c = 15.7067 (10) Å | µ = 0.46 mm−1 |
β = 119.920 (9)° | T = 120 K |
V = 2168.2 (2) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 8 | 0.48 × 0.23 × 0.21 mm |
Kuma KM-4-CCD Sapphire2 diffractometer | 2024 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1674 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.021 |
Detector resolution: 8.1883 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 25.5°, θmin = 2.7° |
ω scans | h = −18→28 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2008) | k = −8→7 |
Tmin = 0.952, Tmax = 1 | l = −19→11 |
3755 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.041 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.113 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.08 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0755P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2024 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
140 parameters | Δρmax = 0.60 e Å−3 |
5 restraints | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
C6H13N3S2·1.5H2O | V = 2168.2 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 218.34 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 23.3560 (18) Å | µ = 0.46 mm−1 |
b = 6.8191 (3) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 15.7067 (10) Å | 0.48 × 0.23 × 0.21 mm |
β = 119.920 (9)° |
Kuma KM-4-CCD Sapphire2 diffractometer | 2024 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2008) | 1674 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.952, Tmax = 1 | Rint = 0.021 |
3755 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.041 | 5 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.113 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.08 | Δρmax = 0.60 e Å−3 |
2024 reflections | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
140 parameters |
Experimental. Absorption correction: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008). Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm. |
Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
S1 | 0.11286 (3) | 0.40172 (9) | 1.02811 (4) | 0.0315 (2) | |
S2 | 0.21612 (3) | 0.71645 (9) | 1.10583 (4) | 0.0325 (2) | |
N1 | 0.18466 (9) | 0.5160 (3) | 0.94834 (12) | 0.0253 (4) | |
H1N | 0.2097 (12) | 0.592 (4) | 0.9456 (16) | 0.030* | |
N2 | 0.14708 (9) | 0.3938 (3) | 0.86627 (11) | 0.0228 (4) | |
N3 | 0.10268 (9) | 0.2586 (3) | 0.67082 (12) | 0.0219 (4) | |
H3N | 0.1226 (12) | 0.321 (4) | 0.6552 (17) | 0.026* | |
C1 | 0.17032 (10) | 0.5395 (3) | 1.02061 (13) | 0.0237 (5) | |
C2 | 0.19188 (11) | 0.2838 (3) | 0.84347 (14) | 0.0262 (5) | |
H2A | 0.2237 | 0.2077 | 0.9017 | 0.031* | |
H2B | 0.2172 | 0.3759 | 0.8260 | 0.031* | |
C3 | 0.15206 (11) | 0.1465 (3) | 0.75862 (14) | 0.0267 (5) | |
H3A | 0.1820 | 0.0742 | 0.7422 | 0.032* | |
H3B | 0.1289 | 0.0497 | 0.7777 | 0.032* | |
C4 | 0.06052 (11) | 0.3844 (3) | 0.69519 (14) | 0.0267 (5) | |
H4A | 0.0324 | 0.3003 | 0.7107 | 0.032* | |
H4B | 0.0312 | 0.4664 | 0.6377 | 0.032* | |
C5 | 0.10291 (10) | 0.5152 (3) | 0.78231 (13) | 0.0237 (5) | |
H5A | 0.1291 | 0.6054 | 0.7657 | 0.028* | |
H5B | 0.0744 | 0.5950 | 0.7989 | 0.028* | |
C6 | 0.06125 (13) | 0.1260 (4) | 0.58698 (16) | 0.0375 (6) | |
H6A | 0.0899 | 0.0443 | 0.5725 | 0.056* | |
H6B | 0.0321 | 0.2046 | 0.5290 | 0.056* | |
H6C | 0.0345 | 0.0420 | 0.6042 | 0.056* | |
O1 | 0.1228 (2) | 0.9907 (5) | 0.9238 (3) | 0.0331 (8) | 0.50 |
H1A | 0.1408 | 0.9093 | 0.9682 | 0.050* | 0.50 |
H1B | 0.1038 | 1.0904 | 0.9270 | 0.050* | 0.50 |
O2 | −0.00204 (19) | 0.8579 (6) | 0.8020 (3) | 0.0426 (8) | 0.50 |
H2C | −0.027 (3) | 0.891 (10) | 0.742 (2) | 0.064* | 0.50 |
H2D | 0.0350 (19) | 0.920 (9) | 0.834 (4) | 0.064* | 0.50 |
O3 | −0.0827 (2) | 0.9861 (6) | 0.6047 (3) | 0.0323 (8) | 0.50 |
H3C | −0.1054 | 0.8903 | 0.5705 | 0.048* | 0.50 |
H3D | −0.1127 | 1.0731 | 0.5844 | 0.048* | 0.50 |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
S1 | 0.0393 (4) | 0.0359 (3) | 0.0276 (3) | −0.0079 (3) | 0.0229 (3) | −0.0077 (2) |
S2 | 0.0284 (3) | 0.0499 (4) | 0.0237 (3) | −0.0104 (3) | 0.0164 (2) | −0.0164 (2) |
N1 | 0.0264 (9) | 0.0334 (11) | 0.0183 (8) | −0.0050 (9) | 0.0127 (7) | −0.0060 (7) |
N2 | 0.0284 (9) | 0.0253 (9) | 0.0162 (8) | 0.0016 (8) | 0.0123 (7) | −0.0031 (6) |
N3 | 0.0251 (10) | 0.0253 (9) | 0.0183 (8) | −0.0077 (8) | 0.0130 (7) | −0.0053 (7) |
C1 | 0.0226 (11) | 0.0309 (11) | 0.0170 (9) | 0.0063 (9) | 0.0094 (8) | 0.0007 (8) |
C2 | 0.0302 (12) | 0.0306 (11) | 0.0176 (9) | 0.0090 (10) | 0.0117 (9) | 0.0012 (8) |
C3 | 0.0385 (13) | 0.0234 (10) | 0.0258 (10) | 0.0027 (10) | 0.0217 (10) | 0.0003 (9) |
C4 | 0.0221 (11) | 0.0350 (12) | 0.0240 (10) | 0.0003 (10) | 0.0123 (9) | −0.0060 (9) |
C5 | 0.0242 (10) | 0.0247 (11) | 0.0206 (10) | 0.0033 (9) | 0.0101 (8) | −0.0027 (8) |
C6 | 0.0364 (13) | 0.0467 (15) | 0.0334 (12) | −0.0175 (12) | 0.0204 (11) | −0.0225 (11) |
O1 | 0.053 (2) | 0.0193 (16) | 0.0324 (19) | −0.001 (2) | 0.025 (2) | −0.0003 (14) |
O2 | 0.035 (2) | 0.040 (2) | 0.048 (2) | −0.0038 (17) | 0.0176 (18) | −0.0047 (17) |
O3 | 0.040 (2) | 0.0276 (18) | 0.0301 (19) | 0.005 (2) | 0.0184 (18) | 0.0021 (14) |
S1—C1 | 1.690 (2) | C4—C5 | 1.516 (3) |
S2—C1 | 1.721 (2) | C4—H4A | 0.9900 |
N1—C1 | 1.344 (2) | C4—H4B | 0.9900 |
N1—N2 | 1.413 (2) | C5—H5A | 0.9900 |
N1—H1N | 0.80 (3) | C5—H5B | 0.9900 |
N2—C5 | 1.460 (2) | C6—H6A | 0.9800 |
N2—C2 | 1.470 (3) | C6—H6B | 0.9800 |
N3—C6 | 1.489 (3) | C6—H6C | 0.9800 |
N3—C4 | 1.492 (3) | O1—O2 | 2.724 (5) |
N3—C3 | 1.493 (3) | O1—H1A | 0.8236 |
N3—H3N | 0.76 (2) | O1—H1B | 0.8269 |
C2—C3 | 1.510 (3) | O2—O3 | 2.845 (5) |
C2—H2A | 0.9900 | O2—H2C | 0.86 (2) |
C2—H2B | 0.9900 | O2—H2D | 0.86 (2) |
C3—H3A | 0.9900 | O3—H3C | 0.8435 |
C3—H3B | 0.9900 | O3—H3D | 0.8498 |
C1—N1—N2 | 122.54 (18) | N3—C4—H4A | 109.5 |
C1—N1—H1N | 117.8 (17) | C5—C4—H4A | 109.5 |
N2—N1—H1N | 118.1 (17) | N3—C4—H4B | 109.5 |
N1—N2—C5 | 109.09 (16) | C5—C4—H4B | 109.5 |
N1—N2—C2 | 109.24 (16) | H4A—C4—H4B | 108.1 |
C5—N2—C2 | 109.73 (14) | N2—C5—C4 | 109.32 (17) |
C6—N3—C4 | 110.78 (17) | N2—C5—H5A | 109.8 |
C6—N3—C3 | 111.58 (18) | C4—C5—H5A | 109.8 |
C4—N3—C3 | 111.21 (15) | N2—C5—H5B | 109.8 |
C6—N3—H3N | 106.9 (18) | C4—C5—H5B | 109.8 |
C4—N3—H3N | 110.4 (19) | H5A—C5—H5B | 108.3 |
C3—N3—H3N | 105.7 (19) | N3—C6—H6A | 109.5 |
N1—C1—S1 | 122.25 (16) | N3—C6—H6B | 109.5 |
N1—C1—S2 | 114.87 (16) | H6A—C6—H6B | 109.5 |
S1—C1—S2 | 122.86 (11) | N3—C6—H6C | 109.5 |
N2—C2—C3 | 109.37 (18) | H6A—C6—H6C | 109.5 |
N2—C2—H2A | 109.8 | H6B—C6—H6C | 109.5 |
C3—C2—H2A | 109.8 | O2—O1—H1A | 106.6 |
N2—C2—H2B | 109.8 | O2—O1—H1B | 84.1 |
C3—C2—H2B | 109.8 | H1A—O1—H1B | 124.5 |
H2A—C2—H2B | 108.2 | O1—O2—O3 | 123.96 (18) |
N3—C3—C2 | 110.47 (17) | O1—O2—H2C | 126 (4) |
N3—C3—H3A | 109.6 | O3—O2—H2D | 114 (4) |
C2—C3—H3A | 109.6 | H2C—O2—H2D | 116 (6) |
N3—C3—H3B | 109.6 | O2—O3—H3C | 108.7 |
C2—C3—H3B | 109.6 | O2—O3—H3D | 126.7 |
H3A—C3—H3B | 108.1 | H3C—O3—H3D | 99.4 |
N3—C4—C5 | 110.62 (17) | ||
C1—N1—N2—C5 | 101.4 (2) | C4—N3—C3—C2 | −53.9 (2) |
C1—N1—N2—C2 | −138.6 (2) | N2—C2—C3—N3 | 58.0 (2) |
N2—N1—C1—S1 | 8.7 (3) | C6—N3—C4—C5 | 178.46 (17) |
N2—N1—C1—S2 | −172.63 (15) | C3—N3—C4—C5 | 53.8 (2) |
N1—N2—C2—C3 | 177.53 (16) | N1—N2—C5—C4 | −177.72 (15) |
C5—N2—C2—C3 | −62.9 (2) | C2—N2—C5—C4 | 62.6 (2) |
C6—N3—C3—C2 | −178.18 (17) | N3—C4—C5—N2 | −57.9 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1N···S2i | 0.80 (3) | 2.60 (3) | 3.375 (2) | 164 (2) |
N3—H3N···S1ii | 0.76 (2) | 2.67 (2) | 3.3131 (18) | 143 (2) |
N3—H3N···S2ii | 0.76 (2) | 2.67 (2) | 3.2846 (18) | 140 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+2; (ii) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C6H13N3S2·1.5H2O |
Mr | 218.34 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 120 |
a, b, c (Å) | 23.3560 (18), 6.8191 (3), 15.7067 (10) |
β (°) | 119.920 (9) |
V (Å3) | 2168.2 (2) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.46 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.48 × 0.23 × 0.21 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Kuma KM-4-CCD Sapphire2 diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2008) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.952, 1 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 3755, 2024, 1674 |
Rint | 0.021 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.606 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.041, 0.113, 1.08 |
No. of reflections | 2024 |
No. of parameters | 140 |
No. of restraints | 5 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.60, −0.21 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2008), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia,1997) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1N···S2i | 0.80 (3) | 2.60 (3) | 3.375 (2) | 164 (2) |
N3—H3N···S1ii | 0.76 (2) | 2.67 (2) | 3.3131 (18) | 143 (2) |
N3—H3N···S2ii | 0.76 (2) | 2.67 (2) | 3.2846 (18) | 140 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+2; (ii) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The research was supported by a grant from the Polish Ministry of Education and Science (grant No. N N204 1502370).
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During our work on the synthesis of organic molecules which may serve as building blocks of more complex structures (e.g. coordination compounds) we have focused on dithiocarbamates. These are known to be versatile ligands (Coucouvanis, 1979; Hogarth, 2005) easily bonding to metal soft centres, as well as to be potentially useful chemotherapeutics, pesti- and fungicides (Hulanicki, 1967; Ivanov et al., 1999). Dithiocarbamates (dtc) are amongst the most frequently used bidentate sulfur ligands. More than 2500 compounds with at least one such dtc group can be found in the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.33, Nov. 2011, updated to Feb. 2012; Allen, 2002). However, the number of structurally characterized dithiocarbamic acids (invariably present in a form of zwitterionic species) is surprisingly small. These include compounds of -S2CNR type with R = C3H6NH+(Me)2 (Schramm et al., 1984), R = C3H6NH+(Et)2 and R=C2H4NH+(Et)2 (Kokkou et al., 1988), R=C2H4NH+(Me)2 (Stergioudis et al., 1989), R=C2H4NH3+ (Yamin et al., 2002) and N-acetimidoyl dithiocarbamic acid (Eul et al., 1987). Here we describe the structure of new, 1-(4H,4-methylpiperazinium)dithiocarbamate sesquihydrate, the first zwitterionic species with N—N bond. The only other structurally characterized dithiocarbamates incorporating hydrazine-based skeleton are salts with potassium (Mattes & Füsser, 1984; Kiel et al., 1985) or hydrazinium (Braibanti et al., 1969) cations.
There are no significant differences in NCS2 group geometry compared to other compounds of this type. The notable feature of the title compound is the presence of the intermolecular interactions (Table 1). Eeach molecule of the title compound serves to its close neighbors as a hydrogen bond donor (via N—H groups) and acceptor (via S atoms, see Figure 2). As a result, all of the NH-groups are engaged in the formation of the network of N—H···S interactions between the pairs of antiparallel chains what leads to the extensively folded layered arrangement observed within the crystal. Additional water molecules are present in vicinity of the twofold axis and are disordered (see experimental refinement section for details).