organic compounds
Phenazinium methyl sulfate
aSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, TaiShan Medical University, Tai'an 271016, People's Republic of China, and bFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, TaiShan Medical University, Tai'an 271016, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: Binboll@126.com
The title salt, C12H9N2+·CH3O4S−, contains an almost planar phenazinium cation [largest deviation from the least-squares plane = 0.040 (3) Å] and a methyl sulfate anion. The sulfate moiety of the latter is disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.853 (5):0.147 (5) ratio. In the crystal, the cations and anions are arranged alternately in layers parallel to (010). The cations pack along [100] with a tilt angle of 28.96 (4)° between this axis and the mean plane and are linked through interplanar π–π interactions [shortest interplanar distance = 3.421 (4) Å]. N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding between the cations and anions is also observed.
Related literature
For background to the use of phenazine in crystal engineering, see: Laursen & Nielsen (2004). For a related structure, see: Meszko et al. (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: XP in SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812026025/wm2637sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812026025/wm2637Isup2.hkl
To a solution containing phenzine (1.0 g, 0.0056 mmol) in n-butyl acetate (20 mL) was added dimethyl sulfate (5.4 mL, 0.057 mmol). The resulting mixture was continuously stired at 373 K for 1 h, then the orange reaction solution was cooled to 283 K. The precipitated yellow solid were collected and recrystallized in ethanol.
All H atoms were geometrically fixed and allowed to ride on their attached atoms, whit C—H = 0.93 Å and Uiso(H)= 1.2Ueq(C) for all phenzine H atoms, and C—H = 0.96 Å and Uiso(H)= 1.5Ueq(C) for the methyl group. The proton attached to the phenazine N atom was also geometrically fixed, with N—H = 0.86Å and Uiso(H)= 1.2Ueq(N). The sulfate part of the anion was modelled as disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.853 (5):0.147 (5) ratio; O atoms of the minor component were refined with isotropic displacement parameters.
In the past decade, phenazines have been widely used as a template in crystal engineering for its two equivalent strong proton acceptors (sp2 N atoms) and potential weak C—H donor functions, where the aromatic system can act as a good π-donor. Accordingly, phenazine has been employed in the design of charge-transfer complexes and hydrogen bonded assemblies (Laursen et al., 2004). Here, we report the of an 1:1 complex of phenazine with methyl sulfate.
The
of the title salt, [C12H9N2]+ [CH3O4S]-, contains a phenazinium cation and a methyl sulfate anion (Fig. 1), which is located around the inversion centre. The phenazinium cations show an almost planar configuration, where the largest deviation from the least-square-plane of phenazine is 0.040 (3)Å for C3. The methyl sulfate anions are disordered over two positions in a ratio of 0.853 (5):0.147 (5). The distribution of S—O bond lengths in the methyl sulfate anion is similar to that in the of 10-methylacridinium methyl sulfate (Meszko et al., 2002). The S—O bond lengths associated with the methyl group [1.614 (2) Å for the major and 1.486 (18) for the minor part] are longer than the other S—O bonds (1.421 (3) Å, 1.448 (2) Å and 1.423 (2) Å (major part); 1.516 (16) Å (minor part)).The cations pack along [100] with a tilt angle between the phenazinium plane and the a axis being 28.96 (4)°. The shortest plane-to-plane π—π interactions are 3.421 (4) Å. The phenazinium cations and the methyl sulfate anions are alternately arranged parallel to (010) (Fig. 2). Except for Coulombic interactions, there are classical hydrogen bonding interactions between the phenazinium cations and methyl sulfate anions (Table 1), which also play an important role in the stabilisation of the title structure.
For background to the use of phenazine in crystal engineering, see: Laursen & Nielsen (2004). For a related structure, see: Meszko et al. (2002).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: XP in SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).C12H9N2+·CH3O4S− | Z = 2 |
Mr = 292.31 | F(000) = 304 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.516 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71069 Å |
a = 5.818 (5) Å | Cell parameters from 4012 reflections |
b = 9.667 (5) Å | θ = 0.4–14.1° |
c = 11.460 (5) Å | µ = 0.27 mm−1 |
α = 95.241 (5)° | T = 293 K |
β = 90.336 (5)° | Block, yellow |
γ = 93.691 (5)° | 0.18 × 0.15 × 0.12 mm |
V = 640.5 (7) Å3 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2572 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2266 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.127 |
φ– and ω– scans | θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 2.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | h = −7→6 |
Tmin = 0.951, Tmax = 0.965 | k = −12→11 |
3642 measured reflections | l = −14→12 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.066 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.185 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.07 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1118P)2 + 0.2488P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2572 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
191 parameters | Δρmax = 0.54 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.72 e Å−3 |
C12H9N2+·CH3O4S− | γ = 93.691 (5)° |
Mr = 292.31 | V = 640.5 (7) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 2 |
a = 5.818 (5) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 9.667 (5) Å | µ = 0.27 mm−1 |
c = 11.460 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
α = 95.241 (5)° | 0.18 × 0.15 × 0.12 mm |
β = 90.336 (5)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2572 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 2266 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.951, Tmax = 0.965 | Rint = 0.127 |
3642 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.066 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.185 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.07 | Δρmax = 0.54 e Å−3 |
2572 reflections | Δρmin = −0.72 e Å−3 |
191 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
N1 | 0.3313 (3) | 0.1672 (2) | 0.84021 (18) | 0.0391 (5) | |
H101 | 0.2116 | 0.2132 | 0.8318 | 0.047* | |
N2 | 0.7148 (3) | 0.0191 (2) | 0.86741 (19) | 0.0432 (5) | |
C1 | 0.4340 (4) | 0.3195 (3) | 1.0121 (2) | 0.0447 (6) | |
H100 | 0.3031 | 0.3686 | 1.0053 | 0.054* | |
C2 | 0.5880 (5) | 0.3558 (3) | 1.1006 (2) | 0.0512 (6) | |
H2 | 0.5613 | 0.4302 | 1.1550 | 0.061* | |
C3 | 0.7895 (5) | 0.2821 (3) | 1.1116 (2) | 0.0508 (6) | |
H3 | 0.8952 | 0.3112 | 1.1714 | 0.061* | |
C4 | 0.8303 (4) | 0.1705 (3) | 1.0367 (2) | 0.0461 (6) | |
H4 | 0.9602 | 0.1214 | 1.0468 | 0.055* | |
C5 | 0.6737 (4) | 0.1283 (2) | 0.9423 (2) | 0.0380 (5) | |
C6 | 0.4758 (4) | 0.2065 (2) | 0.9312 (2) | 0.0372 (5) | |
C7 | 0.3673 (4) | 0.0595 (3) | 0.7627 (2) | 0.0406 (5) | |
C8 | 0.2129 (5) | 0.0209 (3) | 0.6681 (2) | 0.0538 (7) | |
H8 | 0.0821 | 0.0694 | 0.6588 | 0.065* | |
C9 | 0.2593 (6) | −0.0875 (3) | 0.5918 (3) | 0.0640 (8) | |
H9 | 0.1585 | −0.1136 | 0.5292 | 0.077* | |
C10 | 0.4572 (6) | −0.1629 (3) | 0.6041 (3) | 0.0636 (8) | |
H10 | 0.4855 | −0.2361 | 0.5487 | 0.076* | |
C11 | 0.6058 (5) | −0.1301 (3) | 0.6951 (3) | 0.0557 (7) | |
H11 | 0.7332 | −0.1820 | 0.7032 | 0.067* | |
C12 | 0.5663 (4) | −0.0160 (3) | 0.7782 (2) | 0.0414 (5) | |
S1 | 0.88381 (9) | 0.37619 (6) | 0.71184 (5) | 0.0422 (3) | |
O1A | 0.8047 (4) | 0.5126 (3) | 0.7145 (2) | 0.0583 (8) | 0.853 (5) |
O2 | 1.0304 (4) | 0.3550 (2) | 0.81033 (17) | 0.0602 (6) | |
O3 | 0.7187 (5) | 0.2637 (3) | 0.6816 (3) | 0.0894 (9) | |
O4A | 1.0400 (4) | 0.3553 (3) | 0.59643 (19) | 0.0545 (7) | 0.853 (5) |
C13 | 1.2319 (5) | 0.4504 (4) | 0.5904 (3) | 0.0679 (9) | |
H13A | 1.1875 | 0.5429 | 0.6129 | 0.102* | |
H13B | 1.2884 | 0.4454 | 0.5117 | 0.102* | |
H13C | 1.3507 | 0.4278 | 0.6426 | 0.102* | |
O1B | 1.035 (3) | 0.4806 (16) | 0.6513 (14) | 0.063 (5)* | 0.147 (5) |
O4B | 0.718 (3) | 0.4697 (18) | 0.7705 (17) | 0.069 (5)* | 0.147 (5) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
N1 | 0.0301 (9) | 0.0466 (11) | 0.0416 (10) | 0.0090 (8) | −0.0058 (8) | 0.0053 (8) |
N2 | 0.0344 (10) | 0.0489 (12) | 0.0471 (11) | 0.0108 (8) | −0.0026 (9) | 0.0032 (9) |
C1 | 0.0416 (13) | 0.0469 (13) | 0.0465 (13) | 0.0125 (10) | −0.0029 (11) | 0.0034 (10) |
C2 | 0.0561 (15) | 0.0510 (14) | 0.0457 (14) | 0.0085 (12) | −0.0037 (12) | −0.0027 (11) |
C3 | 0.0452 (14) | 0.0609 (16) | 0.0455 (13) | 0.0025 (12) | −0.0137 (11) | 0.0018 (11) |
C4 | 0.0337 (12) | 0.0571 (15) | 0.0487 (13) | 0.0088 (10) | −0.0081 (11) | 0.0077 (11) |
C5 | 0.0285 (10) | 0.0443 (12) | 0.0420 (12) | 0.0061 (9) | −0.0010 (9) | 0.0063 (9) |
C6 | 0.0313 (11) | 0.0426 (12) | 0.0389 (11) | 0.0054 (9) | −0.0021 (9) | 0.0073 (9) |
C7 | 0.0347 (11) | 0.0465 (13) | 0.0406 (12) | 0.0027 (9) | −0.0030 (10) | 0.0041 (10) |
C8 | 0.0491 (15) | 0.0617 (16) | 0.0497 (14) | 0.0034 (12) | −0.0147 (12) | 0.0017 (12) |
C9 | 0.0687 (19) | 0.0686 (19) | 0.0517 (16) | 0.0006 (15) | −0.0150 (14) | −0.0065 (14) |
C10 | 0.072 (2) | 0.0604 (17) | 0.0547 (16) | 0.0045 (15) | 0.0017 (15) | −0.0138 (13) |
C11 | 0.0527 (15) | 0.0530 (15) | 0.0603 (16) | 0.0112 (12) | 0.0039 (13) | −0.0057 (12) |
C12 | 0.0346 (11) | 0.0471 (13) | 0.0424 (12) | 0.0040 (9) | 0.0013 (10) | 0.0029 (10) |
S1 | 0.0289 (3) | 0.0536 (4) | 0.0452 (4) | 0.0116 (2) | −0.0043 (2) | 0.0049 (3) |
O1A | 0.0508 (14) | 0.0665 (16) | 0.0608 (15) | 0.0302 (12) | −0.0018 (12) | 0.0050 (12) |
O2 | 0.0572 (12) | 0.0763 (14) | 0.0491 (11) | 0.0274 (10) | −0.0149 (9) | 0.0008 (9) |
O3 | 0.0926 (19) | 0.0844 (18) | 0.0879 (18) | −0.0211 (15) | −0.0266 (16) | 0.0104 (14) |
O4A | 0.0513 (13) | 0.0639 (15) | 0.0479 (13) | 0.0122 (11) | 0.0020 (10) | −0.0033 (10) |
C13 | 0.0365 (13) | 0.107 (3) | 0.0619 (17) | 0.0065 (15) | 0.0059 (13) | 0.0143 (17) |
N1—C7 | 1.333 (3) | C8—H8 | 0.9300 |
N1—C6 | 1.347 (3) | C9—C10 | 1.415 (5) |
N1—H101 | 0.8600 | C9—H9 | 0.9300 |
N2—C5 | 1.333 (3) | C10—C11 | 1.353 (4) |
N2—C12 | 1.340 (3) | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.355 (4) | C11—C12 | 1.422 (4) |
C1—C6 | 1.401 (3) | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C1—H100 | 0.9300 | S1—O3 | 1.421 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.421 (4) | S1—O1A | 1.423 (2) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | S1—O2 | 1.448 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.350 (4) | S1—O4B | 1.486 (18) |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | S1—O1B | 1.516 (16) |
C4—C5 | 1.424 (3) | S1—O4A | 1.614 (2) |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | O4A—C13 | 1.406 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.429 (3) | C13—H13A | 0.9600 |
C7—C8 | 1.412 (3) | C13—H13B | 0.9600 |
C7—C12 | 1.426 (4) | C13—H13C | 0.9600 |
C8—C9 | 1.345 (4) | ||
C7—N1—C6 | 122.4 (2) | C8—C9—C10 | 121.8 (3) |
C7—N1—H101 | 118.8 | C8—C9—H9 | 119.1 |
C6—N1—H101 | 118.8 | C10—C9—H9 | 119.1 |
C5—N2—C12 | 118.3 (2) | C11—C10—C9 | 121.1 (3) |
C2—C1—C6 | 118.8 (2) | C11—C10—H10 | 119.5 |
C2—C1—H100 | 120.6 | C9—C10—H10 | 119.5 |
C6—C1—H100 | 120.6 | C10—C11—C12 | 119.6 (3) |
C1—C2—C3 | 121.2 (2) | C10—C11—H11 | 120.2 |
C1—C2—H2 | 119.4 | C12—C11—H11 | 120.2 |
C3—C2—H2 | 119.4 | N2—C12—C11 | 120.2 (2) |
C4—C3—C2 | 121.2 (2) | N2—C12—C7 | 121.7 (2) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.4 | C11—C12—C7 | 118.1 (2) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.4 | O3—S1—O1A | 116.76 (18) |
C3—C4—C5 | 119.7 (2) | O3—S1—O2 | 113.70 (16) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.1 | O1A—S1—O2 | 114.03 (13) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.1 | O3—S1—O4B | 95.5 (7) |
N2—C5—C4 | 119.9 (2) | O1A—S1—O4B | 37.2 (7) |
N2—C5—C6 | 122.1 (2) | O2—S1—O4B | 100.4 (7) |
C4—C5—C6 | 118.0 (2) | O3—S1—O1B | 138.7 (6) |
N1—C6—C1 | 121.5 (2) | O1A—S1—O1B | 64.2 (6) |
N1—C6—C5 | 117.4 (2) | O2—S1—O1B | 100.5 (6) |
C1—C6—C5 | 121.1 (2) | O4B—S1—O1B | 100.4 (10) |
N1—C7—C8 | 121.1 (2) | O3—S1—O4A | 97.18 (17) |
N1—C7—C12 | 118.1 (2) | O1A—S1—O4A | 106.51 (15) |
C8—C7—C12 | 120.9 (2) | O2—S1—O4A | 106.33 (13) |
C9—C8—C7 | 118.5 (3) | O4B—S1—O4A | 142.5 (8) |
C9—C8—H8 | 120.7 | O1B—S1—O4A | 49.6 (6) |
C7—C8—H8 | 120.7 | C13—O4A—S1 | 116.1 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.4 (4) | C12—C7—C8—C9 | −0.9 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −2.3 (5) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | 0.0 (5) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 2.3 (4) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | 1.3 (6) |
C12—N2—C5—C4 | −178.6 (2) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −1.6 (5) |
C12—N2—C5—C6 | 1.0 (4) | C5—N2—C12—C11 | 178.9 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—N2 | 179.2 (2) | C5—N2—C12—C7 | −0.5 (4) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.5 (4) | C10—C11—C12—N2 | −178.7 (3) |
C7—N1—C6—C1 | −179.6 (2) | C10—C11—C12—C7 | 0.7 (4) |
C7—N1—C6—C5 | 0.3 (4) | N1—C7—C12—N2 | −0.1 (4) |
C2—C1—C6—N1 | −178.8 (2) | C8—C7—C12—N2 | 180.0 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 1.4 (4) | N1—C7—C12—C11 | −179.5 (2) |
N2—C5—C6—N1 | −0.9 (4) | C8—C7—C12—C11 | 0.6 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—N1 | 178.8 (2) | O3—S1—O4A—C13 | 179.8 (2) |
N2—C5—C6—C1 | 178.9 (2) | O1A—S1—O4A—C13 | 59.1 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −1.4 (4) | O2—S1—O4A—C13 | −62.9 (3) |
C6—N1—C7—C8 | −179.9 (2) | O4B—S1—O4A—C13 | 70.9 (11) |
C6—N1—C7—C12 | 0.2 (4) | O1B—S1—O4A—C13 | 27.2 (8) |
N1—C7—C8—C9 | 179.2 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H101···O2i | 0.86 | 1.82 | 2.647 (5) | 161 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C12H9N2+·CH3O4S− |
Mr | 292.31 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.818 (5), 9.667 (5), 11.460 (5) |
α, β, γ (°) | 95.241 (5), 90.336 (5), 93.691 (5) |
V (Å3) | 640.5 (7) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.27 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.18 × 0.15 × 0.12 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.951, 0.965 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 3642, 2572, 2266 |
Rint | 0.127 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.625 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.066, 0.185, 1.07 |
No. of reflections | 2572 |
No. of parameters | 191 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.54, −0.72 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), XP in SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H101···O2i | 0.86 | 1.818 | 2.647 (5) | 161.37 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Shandong College research program (J11LB15) and the Young and Middle-aged Scientist Research Awards Foundation of Shandong Province (BS2010CL045).
References
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In the past decade, phenazines have been widely used as a template in crystal engineering for its two equivalent strong proton acceptors (sp2 N atoms) and potential weak C—H donor functions, where the aromatic system can act as a good π-donor. Accordingly, phenazine has been employed in the design of charge-transfer complexes and hydrogen bonded assemblies (Laursen et al., 2004). Here, we report the crystal structure of an 1:1 complex of phenazine with methyl sulfate.
The asymmetric unit of the title salt, [C12H9N2]+ [CH3O4S]-, contains a phenazinium cation and a methyl sulfate anion (Fig. 1), which is located around the inversion centre. The phenazinium cations show an almost planar configuration, where the largest deviation from the least-square-plane of phenazine is 0.040 (3)Å for C3. The methyl sulfate anions are disordered over two positions in a ratio of 0.853 (5):0.147 (5). The distribution of S—O bond lengths in the methyl sulfate anion is similar to that in the crystal structure of 10-methylacridinium methyl sulfate (Meszko et al., 2002). The S—O bond lengths associated with the methyl group [1.614 (2) Å for the major and 1.486 (18) for the minor part] are longer than the other S—O bonds (1.421 (3) Å, 1.448 (2) Å and 1.423 (2) Å (major part); 1.516 (16) Å (minor part)).
The cations pack along [100] with a tilt angle between the phenazinium plane and the a axis being 28.96 (4)°. The shortest plane-to-plane π—π interactions are 3.421 (4) Å. The phenazinium cations and the methyl sulfate anions are alternately arranged parallel to (010) (Fig. 2). Except for Coulombic interactions, there are classical hydrogen bonding interactions between the phenazinium cations and methyl sulfate anions (Table 1), which also play an important role in the stabilisation of the title structure.