organic compounds
Diosgenone: a second P21 polymorph
aEscuelas de Ingeniería en Petróleos e Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Istmo, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Sto. Domingo Tehuantepec, Oax. 70760, Mexico, bDEP Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UANL, Guerrero y Progreso S/N, Col. Treviño, 64570 Monterrey, NL, Mexico, and cFacultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
*Correspondence e-mail: maguhdez@hotmail.com
Diosgenone [(20S,22R,25R)-spirost-4-en-3-one, C27H40O3] has been proposed as a new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of malaria. The first X-ray structure report for diosgenone was by Piro et al. [(2002). Z. Naturforsch. Teil C, 57, 947–950] in the P21 (Z′ = 2). We now report a new polymorph in the same with two molecules in the Both molecules have similar conformations, characterized by a skewed envelope A ring, which contains the C=C bond conjugated with the ketone functionality at C3. The dimorphism results from a modification of the relative orientation of the molecules in the two independent molecules were arranged antiparallel in the Piro report, while they are parallel in the present determination.
Related literature
For the potential application of diosgenone as an antimalarial drug, see: Saez et al. (1998); Echeverri et al. (2001). For a biotransformation of diosgenone, see: Wang et al. (2007, 2009). For the synthesis of diosgenone, see: Hunter & Priest (2006). For the structure of a monoclinic polymorph of diosgenone, see: Piro et al. (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection
Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell CrysAlis CCD; data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681202908X/gg2086sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681202908X/gg2086Isup2.hkl
The title steroid was synthesized from diosgenin using a Jones oxidation described previously (Hunter & Priest, 2006). Diosgenine (2 g, 4.8 mmol) was dissolved in a CH2Cl2/acetone mixture (40 and 132 ml) and this solution was cooled to 263 K. Under stirring, the Jones reagent was added slowly, over 10 min., maintaining the temperature below 283 K. After addition, the mixture was further stirred at room temperature, until the color turned from orange to green. 2-Propanol was then added in order to eliminate the unreacted Jones reagent, and the product was extracted with AcOEt, washed with water, and dried over Na2SO4. The crude product was purified by δ = 36.6 (C-1), 33.9 (C-2), 199.5 (C-3), 123.8 (C-4), 171.1 (C-5), 32.8 (C-6), 32.1 (C-7), 35.1 (C-8), 53.7 (C-9), 38.6 (C-10), 20.8 (C-11), 39.6 (C-12), 40.3 (C-13), 55.6 (C-14), 31.6 (C-15), 80.6 (C-16), 61.9 (C-17), 17.3 (C-18), 16.3 (C-19), 41.6 (C-20), 14.5 (C-21), 109.2 (C-22), 31.3 (C-23), 28.7 (C-24), 30.2 (C-25), 66.8 (C-26), 17.1 (C-27). Suitable single crystals were obtained by slow evaporation of an AcOEt/acetone (8:2) solution.
on silica gel (AcOEt/hexane, 1:9 v/v), affording the title steroid (yield: 20%) and the Δ4-3,6 dione derivative. 13C-NMR for diosgenone:All H atoms were placed in idealized positions and refined as riding on their carrier atoms. Isotropic displacement parameters were calculated as Uiso(H) = xUeq(carrier atom) where x = 1.5 for methyl H atoms and x = 1.2 otherwise.
was assigned from chiral centers with known configuration in the steroidal nucleus, and measured Friedel pairs (3382) were merged.A natural source of diosgenone is Solanun nudum (Saez et al., 1998), present in different regions of South America. This steroid is also synthesized by oxidation of diosgenin, for instance, through the Swern oxidation. We obtained it using a modified Jones oxidation described in the literature (Hunter & Priest, 2006). The interest in diosgenone is currently growing, since it has been proposed by a group working in Colombia as a new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of malaria (Echeverri et al., 2001; Saez et al., 1998). This claim is in line with the fact that Solanun nudum is used by the community of Tumaco (Narino, Colombia) as a cure for malaria. A more academic interest is related to the biotransformation of diosgenone to isonuatigenone (C25-hydroxylation), which rearranges in acid media into nuatigenone, a rare nuatigenin-type steroid (Wang et al., 2007, 2009). These studies allow a postulate for a new pathway of diosgenin metabolism.
The X-ray structure for diosgenone was described in →F rings sequence of one molecule is oriented antiparallel to the A→F sequence of the other one. In contrast, the of the title polymorph described herein includes two parallel molecules (see insets in Fig. 2).
P21 (Piro et al., 2002; CSD refcode: LUKXAQ). We have now discovered that a second polymorph in the same may be obtained if the crystallization is carried out by slow evaporation of an AcOEt/acetone (4:1) solution, while Piro et al. crystallized diosgenone from an ethanolic solution. The as in the previous report, contains two independent molecules (Fig. 1), with very similar conformations. The r.m.s. deviation for the fitted molecules is less than 0.2 Å. No significant conformational modification is observed by comparing molecules in both polymorphs: calculated r.m.s. deviations for pairs of molecules taken in different crystal forms are in the range 0.17 to 0.32 Å, the largest deviations being for the methyl group bonded to C25 in the F ring. However, simulated X-ray powder patterns for each form (Fig. 2) show clearly that these crystal forms are dimorphic. The crystal modification should thus be due to a reorientation of independent molecules in the In the case of the previously described structure (Piro et al., 2002), the may be described with two molecules arranged in such a way that the AFor the potential application of diosgenone as an antimalarial drug, see: Saez et al. (1998); Echeverri et al. (2001). For a biotransformation of diosgenone, see: Wang et al. (2007, 2009). For the synthesis of diosgenone, see: Hunter & Priest (2006). For the structure of a monoclinic polymorph of diosgenone, see: Piro et al. (2002).
Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell
CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C27H40O3 | F(000) = 904 |
Mr = 412.59 | Dx = 1.167 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Melting point: 432 K |
Hall symbol: P 2yb | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 10.3396 (6) Å | Cell parameters from 2248 reflections |
b = 7.6466 (4) Å | θ = 3.4–26.0° |
c = 29.9511 (17) Å | µ = 0.07 mm−1 |
β = 97.207 (5)° | T = 136 K |
V = 2349.3 (2) Å3 | Prism, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.44 × 0.19 × 0.05 mm |
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur (Atlas, Gemini) diffractometer | 5346 independent reflections |
Radiation source: Enhance (Mo) X-ray Source | 3908 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.042 |
Detector resolution: 10.4685 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 26.7°, θmin = 3.4° |
ω scans | h = −13→9 |
Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); based on expressions derived by Clark & Reid (1995)] | k = −9→9 |
Tmin = 0.984, Tmax = 0.996 | l = −37→34 |
11305 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.052 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.099 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0356P)2 + 0.2215P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
5346 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
549 parameters | Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
0 constraints |
C27H40O3 | V = 2349.3 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 412.59 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.3396 (6) Å | µ = 0.07 mm−1 |
b = 7.6466 (4) Å | T = 136 K |
c = 29.9511 (17) Å | 0.44 × 0.19 × 0.05 mm |
β = 97.207 (5)° |
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur (Atlas, Gemini) diffractometer | 5346 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); based on expressions derived by Clark & Reid (1995)] | 3908 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.984, Tmax = 0.996 | Rint = 0.042 |
11305 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.052 | 1 restraint |
wR(F2) = 0.099 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3 |
5346 reflections | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
549 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.5754 (3) | 0.1116 (4) | 0.69355 (10) | 0.0372 (8) | |
H1A | 0.5868 | 0.0139 | 0.7154 | 0.045* | |
H1B | 0.4900 | 0.1666 | 0.6960 | 0.045* | |
C2 | 0.5743 (3) | 0.0383 (4) | 0.64620 (10) | 0.0406 (8) | |
H2A | 0.6559 | −0.0275 | 0.6443 | 0.049* | |
H2B | 0.5003 | −0.0439 | 0.6397 | 0.049* | |
C3 | 0.5620 (3) | 0.1816 (4) | 0.61200 (11) | 0.0368 (8) | |
O3 | 0.5019 (2) | 0.1613 (3) | 0.57407 (8) | 0.0489 (6) | |
C4 | 0.6307 (3) | 0.3437 (4) | 0.62540 (11) | 0.0339 (7) | |
H4A | 0.6329 | 0.4333 | 0.6035 | 0.041* | |
C5 | 0.6909 (3) | 0.3724 (4) | 0.66703 (10) | 0.0283 (7) | |
C6 | 0.7742 (3) | 0.5326 (4) | 0.67710 (10) | 0.0341 (7) | |
H6A | 0.7613 | 0.6125 | 0.6509 | 0.041* | |
H6B | 0.8671 | 0.4974 | 0.6816 | 0.041* | |
C7 | 0.7426 (3) | 0.6299 (4) | 0.71874 (10) | 0.0319 (7) | |
H7A | 0.6565 | 0.6871 | 0.7119 | 0.038* | |
H7B | 0.8085 | 0.7228 | 0.7263 | 0.038* | |
C8 | 0.7402 (3) | 0.5111 (4) | 0.75955 (9) | 0.0251 (6) | |
H8A | 0.8305 | 0.4669 | 0.7691 | 0.030* | |
C9 | 0.6494 (3) | 0.3532 (4) | 0.74742 (10) | 0.0274 (7) | |
H9A | 0.5608 | 0.4036 | 0.7382 | 0.033* | |
C10 | 0.6836 (3) | 0.2473 (4) | 0.70624 (10) | 0.0291 (7) | |
C11 | 0.6363 (3) | 0.2383 (4) | 0.78883 (10) | 0.0337 (8) | |
H11A | 0.5728 | 0.1436 | 0.7801 | 0.040* | |
H11B | 0.7215 | 0.1832 | 0.7991 | 0.040* | |
C12 | 0.5917 (3) | 0.3425 (4) | 0.82764 (10) | 0.0309 (7) | |
H12A | 0.5026 | 0.3880 | 0.8185 | 0.037* | |
H12B | 0.5886 | 0.2646 | 0.8539 | 0.037* | |
C13 | 0.6838 (3) | 0.4950 (4) | 0.84101 (9) | 0.0261 (7) | |
C14 | 0.6932 (3) | 0.6075 (4) | 0.79873 (10) | 0.0253 (7) | |
H14A | 0.6020 | 0.6450 | 0.7880 | 0.030* | |
C15 | 0.7635 (3) | 0.7722 (4) | 0.81842 (10) | 0.0302 (7) | |
H15A | 0.8581 | 0.7510 | 0.8264 | 0.036* | |
H15B | 0.7508 | 0.8716 | 0.7971 | 0.036* | |
C16 | 0.6966 (3) | 0.8054 (4) | 0.86036 (10) | 0.0294 (7) | |
H16A | 0.6302 | 0.9004 | 0.8544 | 0.035* | |
C17 | 0.6305 (3) | 0.6331 (4) | 0.87178 (10) | 0.0263 (7) | |
H17A | 0.5342 | 0.6444 | 0.8633 | 0.032* | |
C18 | 0.8184 (3) | 0.4264 (4) | 0.86118 (10) | 0.0326 (7) | |
H18A | 0.8629 | 0.3752 | 0.8373 | 0.049* | |
H18B | 0.8075 | 0.3370 | 0.8839 | 0.049* | |
H18C | 0.8705 | 0.5232 | 0.8753 | 0.049* | |
C19 | 0.8168 (3) | 0.1547 (4) | 0.71607 (10) | 0.0339 (7) | |
H19A | 0.8844 | 0.2412 | 0.7258 | 0.051* | |
H19B | 0.8376 | 0.0964 | 0.6887 | 0.051* | |
H19C | 0.8130 | 0.0676 | 0.7399 | 0.051* | |
C20 | 0.6594 (3) | 0.6163 (4) | 0.92306 (10) | 0.0313 (7) | |
H20A | 0.7254 | 0.5214 | 0.9299 | 0.038* | |
C21 | 0.5398 (3) | 0.5704 (4) | 0.94613 (11) | 0.0421 (9) | |
H21A | 0.5074 | 0.4546 | 0.9361 | 0.063* | |
H21B | 0.4714 | 0.6577 | 0.9382 | 0.063* | |
H21C | 0.5640 | 0.5695 | 0.9788 | 0.063* | |
C22 | 0.7243 (3) | 0.7909 (4) | 0.93750 (10) | 0.0290 (7) | |
O22 | 0.78615 (18) | 0.8456 (3) | 0.90003 (6) | 0.0311 (5) | |
C23 | 0.8256 (3) | 0.7808 (4) | 0.97853 (10) | 0.0339 (8) | |
H23A | 0.9006 | 0.7109 | 0.9711 | 0.041* | |
H23B | 0.7877 | 0.7195 | 1.0029 | 0.041* | |
C24 | 0.8740 (3) | 0.9597 (4) | 0.99535 (11) | 0.0367 (8) | |
H24A | 0.9255 | 1.0138 | 0.9733 | 0.044* | |
H24B | 0.9313 | 0.9470 | 1.0242 | 0.044* | |
C25 | 0.7585 (3) | 1.0770 (4) | 1.00196 (10) | 0.0340 (8) | |
H25A | 0.7112 | 1.0230 | 1.0257 | 0.041* | |
C26 | 0.6669 (3) | 1.0798 (4) | 0.95837 (11) | 0.0359 (8) | |
H26A | 0.5909 | 1.1546 | 0.9622 | 0.043* | |
H26B | 0.7124 | 1.1321 | 0.9344 | 0.043* | |
O26 | 0.62185 (19) | 0.9090 (3) | 0.94460 (7) | 0.0328 (5) | |
C27 | 0.7991 (4) | 1.2607 (5) | 1.01715 (12) | 0.0480 (9) | |
H27A | 0.7217 | 1.3284 | 1.0221 | 0.072* | |
H27B | 0.8430 | 1.3176 | 0.9939 | 0.072* | |
H27C | 0.8588 | 1.2545 | 1.0452 | 0.072* | |
C51 | 0.2234 (4) | 0.4065 (5) | 0.50640 (11) | 0.0479 (9) | |
H51A | 0.2770 | 0.3160 | 0.5236 | 0.058* | |
H51B | 0.1309 | 0.3823 | 0.5094 | 0.058* | |
C52 | 0.2432 (4) | 0.3930 (5) | 0.45691 (12) | 0.0513 (10) | |
H52A | 0.3374 | 0.4016 | 0.4542 | 0.062* | |
H52B | 0.2122 | 0.2773 | 0.4452 | 0.062* | |
C53 | 0.1716 (3) | 0.5336 (5) | 0.42910 (12) | 0.0475 (9) | |
O53 | 0.1312 (2) | 0.5121 (4) | 0.38911 (8) | 0.0611 (8) | |
C54 | 0.1587 (3) | 0.7000 (5) | 0.45163 (11) | 0.0421 (9) | |
H54A | 0.1151 | 0.7927 | 0.4348 | 0.051* | |
C55 | 0.2052 (3) | 0.7301 (5) | 0.49495 (11) | 0.0386 (8) | |
C56 | 0.2100 (4) | 0.9128 (5) | 0.51395 (11) | 0.0471 (9) | |
H56A | 0.1587 | 0.9914 | 0.4922 | 0.056* | |
H56B | 0.3015 | 0.9542 | 0.5177 | 0.056* | |
C57 | 0.1576 (4) | 0.9241 (5) | 0.55872 (11) | 0.0462 (9) | |
H57A | 0.0622 | 0.9047 | 0.5540 | 0.055* | |
H57B | 0.1734 | 1.0432 | 0.5712 | 0.055* | |
C58 | 0.2201 (3) | 0.7912 (4) | 0.59259 (11) | 0.0351 (8) | |
H58A | 0.3158 | 0.8158 | 0.5984 | 0.042* | |
C59 | 0.2006 (3) | 0.6060 (4) | 0.57195 (11) | 0.0345 (8) | |
H59A | 0.1044 | 0.5920 | 0.5639 | 0.041* | |
C60 | 0.2604 (3) | 0.5871 (4) | 0.52681 (11) | 0.0354 (8) | |
C61 | 0.2428 (4) | 0.4588 (4) | 0.60576 (11) | 0.0426 (9) | |
H61A | 0.2140 | 0.3452 | 0.5921 | 0.051* | |
H61B | 0.3391 | 0.4569 | 0.6117 | 0.051* | |
C62 | 0.1873 (3) | 0.4792 (4) | 0.65045 (11) | 0.0402 (8) | |
H62A | 0.0915 | 0.4641 | 0.6454 | 0.048* | |
H62B | 0.2238 | 0.3870 | 0.6715 | 0.048* | |
C63 | 0.2195 (3) | 0.6582 (4) | 0.67138 (11) | 0.0307 (7) | |
C64 | 0.1640 (3) | 0.7983 (4) | 0.63715 (10) | 0.0318 (7) | |
H64A | 0.0688 | 0.7727 | 0.6300 | 0.038* | |
C65 | 0.1743 (3) | 0.9677 (4) | 0.66473 (10) | 0.0383 (8) | |
H65A | 0.2647 | 1.0133 | 0.6687 | 0.046* | |
H65B | 0.1149 | 1.0588 | 0.6504 | 0.046* | |
C66 | 0.1328 (3) | 0.9077 (4) | 0.70958 (11) | 0.0349 (8) | |
H66A | 0.0402 | 0.9414 | 0.7114 | 0.042* | |
C67 | 0.1481 (3) | 0.7065 (4) | 0.71224 (11) | 0.0333 (8) | |
H67A | 0.0595 | 0.6518 | 0.7082 | 0.040* | |
C68 | 0.3673 (3) | 0.6767 (5) | 0.68339 (11) | 0.0392 (8) | |
H68A | 0.4007 | 0.5776 | 0.7021 | 0.059* | |
H68B | 0.3868 | 0.7859 | 0.7000 | 0.059* | |
H68C | 0.4089 | 0.6783 | 0.6557 | 0.059* | |
C69 | 0.4108 (3) | 0.6055 (5) | 0.53395 (11) | 0.0443 (9) | |
H69A | 0.4436 | 0.6093 | 0.5047 | 0.066* | |
H69B | 0.4490 | 0.5052 | 0.5512 | 0.066* | |
H69C | 0.4349 | 0.7136 | 0.5505 | 0.066* | |
C70 | 0.2126 (3) | 0.6711 (4) | 0.76027 (11) | 0.0357 (8) | |
H70A | 0.3058 | 0.6409 | 0.7584 | 0.043* | |
C71 | 0.1534 (4) | 0.5204 (5) | 0.78430 (13) | 0.0572 (11) | |
H71A | 0.1959 | 0.5130 | 0.8154 | 0.086* | |
H71B | 0.1665 | 0.4106 | 0.7686 | 0.086* | |
H71C | 0.0599 | 0.5409 | 0.7843 | 0.086* | |
C72 | 0.2107 (3) | 0.8498 (4) | 0.78344 (11) | 0.0325 (7) | |
O72 | 0.2163 (2) | 0.9736 (3) | 0.74834 (7) | 0.0345 (5) | |
C73 | 0.3239 (3) | 0.8823 (5) | 0.81953 (11) | 0.0421 (9) | |
H73A | 0.4047 | 0.8930 | 0.8052 | 0.051* | |
H73B | 0.3339 | 0.7799 | 0.8399 | 0.051* | |
C74 | 0.3084 (3) | 1.0466 (5) | 0.84749 (11) | 0.0442 (9) | |
H74A | 0.3787 | 1.0510 | 0.8731 | 0.053* | |
H74B | 0.3158 | 1.1518 | 0.8287 | 0.053* | |
C75 | 0.1776 (3) | 1.0458 (5) | 0.86483 (10) | 0.0397 (8) | |
H75A | 0.1745 | 0.9421 | 0.8850 | 0.048* | |
C76 | 0.0728 (3) | 1.0224 (4) | 0.82481 (11) | 0.0367 (8) | |
H76A | −0.0139 | 1.0226 | 0.8355 | 0.044* | |
H76B | 0.0761 | 1.1223 | 0.8040 | 0.044* | |
O76 | 0.08903 (19) | 0.8629 (3) | 0.80108 (7) | 0.0373 (5) | |
C77 | 0.1522 (4) | 1.2083 (5) | 0.89150 (12) | 0.0548 (10) | |
H77A | 0.2242 | 1.2256 | 0.9156 | 0.082* | |
H77B | 0.0706 | 1.1940 | 0.9046 | 0.082* | |
H77C | 0.1453 | 1.3102 | 0.8715 | 0.082* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0408 (19) | 0.0340 (18) | 0.0368 (19) | −0.0103 (16) | 0.0045 (15) | −0.0027 (16) |
C2 | 0.0393 (19) | 0.0381 (19) | 0.044 (2) | −0.0111 (16) | 0.0023 (16) | −0.0079 (17) |
C3 | 0.0295 (17) | 0.043 (2) | 0.037 (2) | 0.0026 (15) | 0.0015 (15) | −0.0086 (17) |
O3 | 0.0464 (14) | 0.0565 (16) | 0.0406 (14) | 0.0030 (13) | −0.0077 (12) | −0.0125 (13) |
C4 | 0.0335 (17) | 0.0310 (17) | 0.0366 (19) | 0.0048 (15) | 0.0017 (15) | 0.0014 (16) |
C5 | 0.0225 (15) | 0.0267 (16) | 0.0353 (18) | 0.0033 (13) | 0.0022 (13) | −0.0018 (15) |
C6 | 0.0373 (18) | 0.0281 (17) | 0.0368 (18) | −0.0049 (15) | 0.0037 (15) | 0.0009 (15) |
C7 | 0.0304 (16) | 0.0256 (16) | 0.0391 (19) | −0.0055 (14) | 0.0021 (14) | 0.0025 (15) |
C8 | 0.0226 (15) | 0.0221 (15) | 0.0303 (16) | −0.0017 (13) | 0.0023 (12) | 0.0017 (14) |
C9 | 0.0236 (15) | 0.0218 (15) | 0.0360 (17) | −0.0023 (12) | 0.0003 (13) | 0.0032 (14) |
C10 | 0.0275 (16) | 0.0245 (15) | 0.0347 (18) | −0.0040 (13) | 0.0015 (14) | 0.0027 (14) |
C11 | 0.0376 (18) | 0.0217 (15) | 0.041 (2) | −0.0076 (14) | 0.0032 (15) | 0.0004 (15) |
C12 | 0.0297 (16) | 0.0270 (16) | 0.0363 (18) | −0.0068 (14) | 0.0054 (14) | 0.0041 (15) |
C13 | 0.0216 (15) | 0.0259 (15) | 0.0309 (17) | −0.0024 (13) | 0.0034 (13) | 0.0023 (14) |
C14 | 0.0197 (14) | 0.0225 (15) | 0.0329 (17) | −0.0022 (12) | 0.0004 (13) | 0.0020 (14) |
C15 | 0.0347 (17) | 0.0219 (16) | 0.0345 (18) | −0.0051 (14) | 0.0065 (15) | 0.0028 (14) |
C16 | 0.0286 (16) | 0.0286 (16) | 0.0310 (17) | 0.0015 (14) | 0.0038 (13) | 0.0041 (14) |
C17 | 0.0184 (14) | 0.0240 (15) | 0.0367 (18) | 0.0006 (13) | 0.0039 (13) | 0.0037 (15) |
C18 | 0.0302 (17) | 0.0318 (17) | 0.0359 (18) | 0.0061 (14) | 0.0053 (14) | 0.0028 (15) |
C19 | 0.0386 (18) | 0.0293 (17) | 0.0333 (18) | 0.0044 (16) | 0.0028 (14) | 0.0003 (15) |
C20 | 0.0273 (16) | 0.0302 (17) | 0.0377 (18) | 0.0043 (14) | 0.0092 (14) | 0.0042 (15) |
C21 | 0.041 (2) | 0.0377 (19) | 0.051 (2) | −0.0022 (16) | 0.0211 (17) | 0.0015 (17) |
C22 | 0.0275 (16) | 0.0313 (17) | 0.0297 (17) | 0.0058 (14) | 0.0093 (14) | 0.0024 (15) |
O22 | 0.0297 (11) | 0.0341 (12) | 0.0302 (11) | −0.0033 (10) | 0.0061 (9) | −0.0011 (10) |
C23 | 0.0325 (18) | 0.0353 (18) | 0.0340 (18) | 0.0090 (15) | 0.0043 (15) | 0.0007 (16) |
C24 | 0.0354 (18) | 0.043 (2) | 0.0316 (18) | 0.0026 (16) | 0.0053 (15) | −0.0024 (16) |
C25 | 0.0391 (18) | 0.0338 (18) | 0.0303 (17) | −0.0016 (15) | 0.0088 (15) | 0.0002 (15) |
C26 | 0.0363 (18) | 0.0296 (18) | 0.044 (2) | 0.0050 (14) | 0.0132 (16) | −0.0007 (16) |
O26 | 0.0270 (11) | 0.0319 (12) | 0.0403 (13) | 0.0046 (10) | 0.0073 (10) | 0.0001 (11) |
C27 | 0.050 (2) | 0.043 (2) | 0.053 (2) | −0.0026 (18) | 0.0111 (18) | −0.0088 (19) |
C51 | 0.063 (3) | 0.040 (2) | 0.041 (2) | −0.0044 (19) | 0.0073 (19) | −0.0030 (18) |
C52 | 0.068 (3) | 0.040 (2) | 0.048 (2) | −0.010 (2) | 0.014 (2) | −0.0079 (19) |
C53 | 0.039 (2) | 0.063 (3) | 0.041 (2) | −0.019 (2) | 0.0092 (17) | −0.003 (2) |
O53 | 0.0594 (16) | 0.087 (2) | 0.0365 (15) | −0.0273 (16) | 0.0049 (13) | −0.0063 (15) |
C54 | 0.0335 (19) | 0.055 (2) | 0.037 (2) | 0.0004 (17) | −0.0001 (16) | 0.0055 (18) |
C55 | 0.0303 (18) | 0.047 (2) | 0.038 (2) | −0.0033 (16) | 0.0013 (15) | 0.0010 (17) |
C56 | 0.061 (2) | 0.0367 (19) | 0.039 (2) | 0.0054 (18) | −0.0082 (18) | 0.0119 (18) |
C57 | 0.063 (2) | 0.0325 (19) | 0.040 (2) | 0.0067 (18) | −0.0077 (18) | −0.0005 (17) |
C58 | 0.0340 (18) | 0.0296 (17) | 0.0393 (19) | −0.0023 (15) | −0.0045 (15) | 0.0047 (16) |
C59 | 0.0317 (17) | 0.0293 (17) | 0.0409 (19) | −0.0041 (15) | −0.0016 (15) | 0.0016 (16) |
C60 | 0.0352 (18) | 0.0341 (18) | 0.0361 (19) | −0.0007 (15) | 0.0009 (15) | 0.0024 (16) |
C61 | 0.056 (2) | 0.0251 (18) | 0.049 (2) | −0.0011 (16) | 0.0124 (18) | −0.0003 (16) |
C62 | 0.045 (2) | 0.0276 (17) | 0.048 (2) | −0.0004 (16) | 0.0076 (17) | 0.0036 (17) |
C63 | 0.0244 (16) | 0.0280 (16) | 0.0401 (19) | −0.0008 (14) | 0.0046 (14) | 0.0058 (15) |
C64 | 0.0298 (16) | 0.0240 (16) | 0.0386 (19) | 0.0010 (14) | −0.0067 (14) | 0.0022 (15) |
C65 | 0.044 (2) | 0.0308 (18) | 0.0369 (19) | 0.0047 (16) | −0.0083 (16) | 0.0069 (16) |
C66 | 0.0290 (17) | 0.0326 (17) | 0.0405 (19) | 0.0017 (14) | −0.0060 (15) | −0.0038 (16) |
C67 | 0.0227 (16) | 0.0305 (18) | 0.046 (2) | −0.0039 (14) | 0.0008 (14) | 0.0036 (16) |
C68 | 0.0287 (17) | 0.048 (2) | 0.041 (2) | 0.0065 (16) | 0.0050 (15) | 0.0124 (17) |
C69 | 0.0361 (18) | 0.053 (2) | 0.043 (2) | 0.0024 (17) | 0.0017 (16) | 0.0069 (18) |
C70 | 0.0302 (17) | 0.0338 (18) | 0.043 (2) | 0.0029 (15) | 0.0058 (15) | 0.0086 (17) |
C71 | 0.079 (3) | 0.036 (2) | 0.060 (3) | −0.001 (2) | 0.021 (2) | 0.012 (2) |
C72 | 0.0230 (16) | 0.0364 (18) | 0.0382 (19) | −0.0005 (14) | 0.0039 (14) | 0.0108 (16) |
O72 | 0.0356 (12) | 0.0330 (12) | 0.0330 (12) | −0.0068 (10) | −0.0031 (10) | 0.0020 (10) |
C73 | 0.0271 (17) | 0.060 (2) | 0.038 (2) | −0.0022 (17) | −0.0009 (15) | 0.0130 (19) |
C74 | 0.0326 (18) | 0.064 (2) | 0.0323 (18) | −0.0096 (18) | −0.0087 (15) | 0.0074 (19) |
C75 | 0.045 (2) | 0.043 (2) | 0.0304 (18) | −0.0048 (17) | 0.0014 (15) | 0.0095 (17) |
C76 | 0.0329 (18) | 0.0352 (19) | 0.0417 (19) | −0.0019 (16) | 0.0030 (15) | 0.0005 (17) |
O76 | 0.0275 (11) | 0.0351 (13) | 0.0499 (14) | −0.0038 (10) | 0.0080 (10) | −0.0017 (11) |
C77 | 0.064 (3) | 0.063 (3) | 0.035 (2) | −0.007 (2) | −0.0005 (18) | 0.0020 (19) |
C1—C2 | 1.524 (4) | C51—C52 | 1.525 (5) |
C1—C10 | 1.538 (4) | C51—C60 | 1.539 (5) |
C1—H1A | 0.9900 | C51—H51A | 0.9900 |
C1—H1B | 0.9900 | C51—H51B | 0.9900 |
C2—C3 | 1.495 (5) | C52—C53 | 1.497 (5) |
C2—H2A | 0.9900 | C52—H52A | 0.9900 |
C2—H2B | 0.9900 | C52—H52B | 0.9900 |
C3—O3 | 1.234 (4) | C53—O53 | 1.229 (4) |
C3—C4 | 1.460 (5) | C53—C54 | 1.455 (5) |
C4—C5 | 1.340 (4) | C54—C55 | 1.346 (4) |
C4—H4A | 0.9500 | C54—H54A | 0.9500 |
C5—C6 | 1.506 (4) | C55—C56 | 1.507 (5) |
C5—C10 | 1.524 (4) | C55—C60 | 1.515 (4) |
C6—C7 | 1.522 (4) | C56—C57 | 1.511 (5) |
C6—H6A | 0.9900 | C56—H56A | 0.9900 |
C6—H6B | 0.9900 | C56—H56B | 0.9900 |
C7—C8 | 1.526 (4) | C57—C58 | 1.522 (4) |
C7—H7A | 0.9900 | C57—H57A | 0.9900 |
C7—H7B | 0.9900 | C57—H57B | 0.9900 |
C8—C14 | 1.517 (4) | C58—C64 | 1.521 (4) |
C8—C9 | 1.544 (4) | C58—C59 | 1.548 (4) |
C8—H8A | 1.0000 | C58—H58A | 1.0000 |
C9—C11 | 1.540 (4) | C59—C61 | 1.540 (4) |
C9—C10 | 1.553 (4) | C59—C60 | 1.562 (4) |
C9—H9A | 1.0000 | C59—H59A | 1.0000 |
C10—C19 | 1.544 (4) | C60—C69 | 1.549 (4) |
C11—C12 | 1.528 (4) | C61—C62 | 1.529 (4) |
C11—H11A | 0.9900 | C61—H61A | 0.9900 |
C11—H11B | 0.9900 | C61—H61B | 0.9900 |
C12—C13 | 1.527 (4) | C62—C63 | 1.525 (4) |
C12—H12A | 0.9900 | C62—H62A | 0.9900 |
C12—H12B | 0.9900 | C62—H62B | 0.9900 |
C13—C18 | 1.538 (4) | C63—C68 | 1.531 (4) |
C13—C14 | 1.544 (4) | C63—C64 | 1.543 (4) |
C13—C17 | 1.548 (4) | C63—C67 | 1.552 (4) |
C14—C15 | 1.535 (4) | C64—C65 | 1.533 (4) |
C14—H14A | 1.0000 | C64—H64A | 1.0000 |
C15—C16 | 1.529 (4) | C65—C66 | 1.531 (4) |
C15—H15A | 0.9900 | C65—H65A | 0.9900 |
C15—H15B | 0.9900 | C65—H65B | 0.9900 |
C16—O22 | 1.445 (3) | C66—O72 | 1.448 (4) |
C16—C17 | 1.543 (4) | C66—C67 | 1.547 (4) |
C16—H16A | 1.0000 | C66—H66A | 1.0000 |
C17—C20 | 1.533 (4) | C67—C70 | 1.532 (4) |
C17—H17A | 1.0000 | C67—H67A | 1.0000 |
C18—H18A | 0.9800 | C68—H68A | 0.9800 |
C18—H18B | 0.9800 | C68—H68B | 0.9800 |
C18—H18C | 0.9800 | C68—H68C | 0.9800 |
C19—H19A | 0.9800 | C69—H69A | 0.9800 |
C19—H19B | 0.9800 | C69—H69B | 0.9800 |
C19—H19C | 0.9800 | C69—H69C | 0.9800 |
C20—C21 | 1.531 (4) | C70—C71 | 1.526 (5) |
C20—C22 | 1.532 (4) | C70—C72 | 1.534 (5) |
C20—H20A | 1.0000 | C70—H70A | 1.0000 |
C21—H21A | 0.9800 | C71—H71A | 0.9800 |
C21—H21B | 0.9800 | C71—H71B | 0.9800 |
C21—H21C | 0.9800 | C71—H71C | 0.9800 |
C22—O22 | 1.423 (3) | C72—O72 | 1.421 (4) |
C22—O26 | 1.428 (3) | C72—O76 | 1.428 (3) |
C22—C23 | 1.513 (4) | C72—C73 | 1.510 (4) |
C23—C24 | 1.521 (5) | C73—C74 | 1.529 (5) |
C23—H23A | 0.9900 | C73—H73A | 0.9900 |
C23—H23B | 0.9900 | C73—H73B | 0.9900 |
C24—C25 | 1.526 (4) | C74—C75 | 1.508 (4) |
C24—H24A | 0.9900 | C74—H74A | 0.9900 |
C24—H24B | 0.9900 | C74—H74B | 0.9900 |
C25—C26 | 1.514 (4) | C75—C77 | 1.518 (5) |
C25—C27 | 1.520 (5) | C75—C76 | 1.522 (4) |
C25—H25A | 1.0000 | C75—H75A | 1.0000 |
C26—O26 | 1.429 (4) | C76—O76 | 1.432 (4) |
C26—H26A | 0.9900 | C76—H76A | 0.9900 |
C26—H26B | 0.9900 | C76—H76B | 0.9900 |
C27—H27A | 0.9800 | C77—H77A | 0.9800 |
C27—H27B | 0.9800 | C77—H77B | 0.9800 |
C27—H27C | 0.9800 | C77—H77C | 0.9800 |
C2—C1—C10 | 113.5 (2) | C52—C51—C60 | 112.9 (3) |
C2—C1—H1A | 108.9 | C52—C51—H51A | 109.0 |
C10—C1—H1A | 108.9 | C60—C51—H51A | 109.0 |
C2—C1—H1B | 108.9 | C52—C51—H51B | 109.0 |
C10—C1—H1B | 108.9 | C60—C51—H51B | 109.0 |
H1A—C1—H1B | 107.7 | H51A—C51—H51B | 107.8 |
C3—C2—C1 | 111.0 (3) | C53—C52—C51 | 112.0 (3) |
C3—C2—H2A | 109.4 | C53—C52—H52A | 109.2 |
C1—C2—H2A | 109.4 | C51—C52—H52A | 109.2 |
C3—C2—H2B | 109.4 | C53—C52—H52B | 109.2 |
C1—C2—H2B | 109.4 | C51—C52—H52B | 109.2 |
H2A—C2—H2B | 108.0 | H52A—C52—H52B | 107.9 |
O3—C3—C4 | 122.1 (3) | O53—C53—C54 | 122.0 (4) |
O3—C3—C2 | 121.9 (3) | O53—C53—C52 | 122.0 (4) |
C4—C3—C2 | 116.0 (3) | C54—C53—C52 | 116.0 (3) |
C5—C4—C3 | 123.2 (3) | C55—C54—C53 | 123.7 (3) |
C5—C4—H4A | 118.4 | C55—C54—H54A | 118.2 |
C3—C4—H4A | 118.4 | C53—C54—H54A | 118.2 |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.4 (3) | C54—C55—C56 | 120.9 (3) |
C4—C5—C10 | 123.5 (3) | C54—C55—C60 | 123.0 (3) |
C6—C5—C10 | 116.0 (3) | C56—C55—C60 | 116.0 (3) |
C5—C6—C7 | 112.7 (2) | C55—C56—C57 | 112.9 (3) |
C5—C6—H6A | 109.1 | C55—C56—H56A | 109.0 |
C7—C6—H6A | 109.1 | C57—C56—H56A | 109.0 |
C5—C6—H6B | 109.1 | C55—C56—H56B | 109.0 |
C7—C6—H6B | 109.1 | C57—C56—H56B | 109.0 |
H6A—C6—H6B | 107.8 | H56A—C56—H56B | 107.8 |
C6—C7—C8 | 113.1 (2) | C56—C57—C58 | 112.6 (3) |
C6—C7—H7A | 109.0 | C56—C57—H57A | 109.1 |
C8—C7—H7A | 109.0 | C58—C57—H57A | 109.1 |
C6—C7—H7B | 109.0 | C56—C57—H57B | 109.1 |
C8—C7—H7B | 109.0 | C58—C57—H57B | 109.1 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 107.8 | H57A—C57—H57B | 107.8 |
C14—C8—C7 | 111.7 (2) | C64—C58—C57 | 112.6 (3) |
C14—C8—C9 | 108.5 (2) | C64—C58—C59 | 109.8 (3) |
C7—C8—C9 | 110.3 (2) | C57—C58—C59 | 108.8 (3) |
C14—C8—H8A | 108.7 | C64—C58—H58A | 108.6 |
C7—C8—H8A | 108.7 | C57—C58—H58A | 108.6 |
C9—C8—H8A | 108.7 | C59—C58—H58A | 108.6 |
C11—C9—C8 | 111.7 (2) | C61—C59—C58 | 113.2 (3) |
C11—C9—C10 | 113.2 (2) | C61—C59—C60 | 113.0 (3) |
C8—C9—C10 | 113.7 (2) | C58—C59—C60 | 112.6 (3) |
C11—C9—H9A | 105.8 | C61—C59—H59A | 105.7 |
C8—C9—H9A | 105.8 | C58—C59—H59A | 105.7 |
C10—C9—H9A | 105.8 | C60—C59—H59A | 105.7 |
C5—C10—C1 | 109.8 (2) | C55—C60—C51 | 110.0 (3) |
C5—C10—C19 | 107.8 (2) | C55—C60—C69 | 108.3 (3) |
C1—C10—C19 | 110.0 (3) | C51—C60—C69 | 109.3 (3) |
C5—C10—C9 | 108.8 (2) | C55—C60—C59 | 108.6 (3) |
C1—C10—C9 | 108.5 (2) | C51—C60—C59 | 108.8 (3) |
C19—C10—C9 | 112.0 (2) | C69—C60—C59 | 111.8 (3) |
C12—C11—C9 | 112.4 (2) | C62—C61—C59 | 113.2 (3) |
C12—C11—H11A | 109.1 | C62—C61—H61A | 108.9 |
C9—C11—H11A | 109.1 | C59—C61—H61A | 108.9 |
C12—C11—H11B | 109.1 | C62—C61—H61B | 108.9 |
C9—C11—H11B | 109.1 | C59—C61—H61B | 108.9 |
H11A—C11—H11B | 107.9 | H61A—C61—H61B | 107.7 |
C13—C12—C11 | 111.1 (2) | C63—C62—C61 | 111.4 (3) |
C13—C12—H12A | 109.4 | C63—C62—H62A | 109.3 |
C11—C12—H12A | 109.4 | C61—C62—H62A | 109.3 |
C13—C12—H12B | 109.4 | C63—C62—H62B | 109.3 |
C11—C12—H12B | 109.4 | C61—C62—H62B | 109.3 |
H12A—C12—H12B | 108.0 | H62A—C62—H62B | 108.0 |
C12—C13—C18 | 110.3 (2) | C62—C63—C68 | 109.8 (3) |
C12—C13—C14 | 108.2 (2) | C62—C63—C64 | 107.8 (3) |
C18—C13—C14 | 111.4 (2) | C68—C63—C64 | 111.7 (3) |
C12—C13—C17 | 114.8 (2) | C62—C63—C67 | 115.9 (3) |
C18—C13—C17 | 111.8 (2) | C68—C63—C67 | 110.6 (3) |
C14—C13—C17 | 99.9 (2) | C64—C63—C67 | 100.6 (2) |
C8—C14—C15 | 120.9 (2) | C58—C64—C65 | 119.7 (3) |
C8—C14—C13 | 115.0 (2) | C58—C64—C63 | 114.0 (2) |
C15—C14—C13 | 102.6 (2) | C65—C64—C63 | 103.5 (2) |
C8—C14—H14A | 105.7 | C58—C64—H64A | 106.2 |
C15—C14—H14A | 105.7 | C65—C64—H64A | 106.2 |
C13—C14—H14A | 105.7 | C63—C64—H64A | 106.2 |
C16—C15—C14 | 102.2 (2) | C66—C65—C64 | 102.2 (3) |
C16—C15—H15A | 111.3 | C66—C65—H65A | 111.3 |
C14—C15—H15A | 111.3 | C64—C65—H65A | 111.3 |
C16—C15—H15B | 111.3 | C66—C65—H65B | 111.3 |
C14—C15—H15B | 111.3 | C64—C65—H65B | 111.3 |
H15A—C15—H15B | 109.2 | H65A—C65—H65B | 109.2 |
O22—C16—C15 | 113.7 (2) | O72—C66—C65 | 113.3 (3) |
O22—C16—C17 | 104.8 (2) | O72—C66—C67 | 105.0 (3) |
C15—C16—C17 | 107.4 (2) | C65—C66—C67 | 107.8 (3) |
O22—C16—H16A | 110.2 | O72—C66—H66A | 110.2 |
C15—C16—H16A | 110.2 | C65—C66—H66A | 110.2 |
C17—C16—H16A | 110.2 | C67—C66—H66A | 110.2 |
C20—C17—C16 | 104.9 (2) | C70—C67—C66 | 104.7 (3) |
C20—C17—C13 | 120.0 (2) | C70—C67—C63 | 120.3 (3) |
C16—C17—C13 | 104.5 (2) | C66—C67—C63 | 104.6 (3) |
C20—C17—H17A | 109.0 | C70—C67—H67A | 108.9 |
C16—C17—H17A | 109.0 | C66—C67—H67A | 108.9 |
C13—C17—H17A | 109.0 | C63—C67—H67A | 108.9 |
C13—C18—H18A | 109.5 | C63—C68—H68A | 109.5 |
C13—C18—H18B | 109.5 | C63—C68—H68B | 109.5 |
H18A—C18—H18B | 109.5 | H68A—C68—H68B | 109.5 |
C13—C18—H18C | 109.5 | C63—C68—H68C | 109.5 |
H18A—C18—H18C | 109.5 | H68A—C68—H68C | 109.5 |
H18B—C18—H18C | 109.5 | H68B—C68—H68C | 109.5 |
C10—C19—H19A | 109.5 | C60—C69—H69A | 109.5 |
C10—C19—H19B | 109.5 | C60—C69—H69B | 109.5 |
H19A—C19—H19B | 109.5 | H69A—C69—H69B | 109.5 |
C10—C19—H19C | 109.5 | C60—C69—H69C | 109.5 |
H19A—C19—H19C | 109.5 | H69A—C69—H69C | 109.5 |
H19B—C19—H19C | 109.5 | H69B—C69—H69C | 109.5 |
C21—C20—C22 | 115.0 (3) | C71—C70—C67 | 115.0 (3) |
C21—C20—C17 | 113.9 (3) | C71—C70—C72 | 115.5 (3) |
C22—C20—C17 | 103.5 (2) | C67—C70—C72 | 103.8 (2) |
C21—C20—H20A | 108.1 | C71—C70—H70A | 107.3 |
C22—C20—H20A | 108.1 | C67—C70—H70A | 107.3 |
C17—C20—H20A | 108.1 | C72—C70—H70A | 107.3 |
C20—C21—H21A | 109.5 | C70—C71—H71A | 109.5 |
C20—C21—H21B | 109.5 | C70—C71—H71B | 109.5 |
H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 | H71A—C71—H71B | 109.5 |
C20—C21—H21C | 109.5 | C70—C71—H71C | 109.5 |
H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 | H71A—C71—H71C | 109.5 |
H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 | H71B—C71—H71C | 109.5 |
O22—C22—O26 | 110.3 (2) | O72—C72—O76 | 110.2 (2) |
O22—C22—C23 | 108.8 (2) | O72—C72—C73 | 108.7 (2) |
O26—C22—C23 | 111.2 (2) | O76—C72—C73 | 111.3 (3) |
O22—C22—C20 | 105.0 (2) | O72—C72—C70 | 104.8 (2) |
O26—C22—C20 | 106.7 (2) | O76—C72—C70 | 106.9 (2) |
C23—C22—C20 | 114.8 (3) | C73—C72—C70 | 114.7 (3) |
C22—O22—C16 | 106.3 (2) | C72—O72—C66 | 106.6 (2) |
C22—C23—C24 | 112.9 (3) | C72—C73—C74 | 113.7 (3) |
C22—C23—H23A | 109.0 | C72—C73—H73A | 108.8 |
C24—C23—H23A | 109.0 | C74—C73—H73A | 108.8 |
C22—C23—H23B | 109.0 | C72—C73—H73B | 108.8 |
C24—C23—H23B | 109.0 | C74—C73—H73B | 108.8 |
H23A—C23—H23B | 107.8 | H73A—C73—H73B | 107.7 |
C23—C24—C25 | 109.9 (3) | C75—C74—C73 | 110.2 (3) |
C23—C24—H24A | 109.7 | C75—C74—H74A | 109.6 |
C25—C24—H24A | 109.7 | C73—C74—H74A | 109.6 |
C23—C24—H24B | 109.7 | C75—C74—H74B | 109.6 |
C25—C24—H24B | 109.7 | C73—C74—H74B | 109.6 |
H24A—C24—H24B | 108.2 | H74A—C74—H74B | 108.1 |
C26—C25—C27 | 111.4 (3) | C74—C75—C77 | 113.6 (3) |
C26—C25—C24 | 108.2 (2) | C74—C75—C76 | 108.0 (3) |
C27—C25—C24 | 113.0 (3) | C77—C75—C76 | 111.0 (3) |
C26—C25—H25A | 108.1 | C74—C75—H75A | 108.0 |
C27—C25—H25A | 108.1 | C77—C75—H75A | 108.0 |
C24—C25—H25A | 108.1 | C76—C75—H75A | 108.0 |
O26—C26—C25 | 112.4 (3) | O76—C76—C75 | 112.0 (3) |
O26—C26—H26A | 109.1 | O76—C76—H76A | 109.2 |
C25—C26—H26A | 109.1 | C75—C76—H76A | 109.2 |
O26—C26—H26B | 109.1 | O76—C76—H76B | 109.2 |
C25—C26—H26B | 109.1 | C75—C76—H76B | 109.2 |
H26A—C26—H26B | 107.8 | H76A—C76—H76B | 107.9 |
C22—O26—C26 | 113.6 (2) | C72—O76—C76 | 114.0 (2) |
C25—C27—H27A | 109.5 | C75—C77—H77A | 109.5 |
C25—C27—H27B | 109.5 | C75—C77—H77B | 109.5 |
H27A—C27—H27B | 109.5 | H77A—C77—H77B | 109.5 |
C25—C27—H27C | 109.5 | C75—C77—H77C | 109.5 |
H27A—C27—H27C | 109.5 | H77A—C77—H77C | 109.5 |
H27B—C27—H27C | 109.5 | H77B—C77—H77C | 109.5 |
C10—C1—C2—C3 | −56.6 (4) | C60—C51—C52—C53 | −55.0 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—O3 | −146.1 (3) | C51—C52—C53—O53 | −150.9 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 36.8 (4) | C51—C52—C53—C54 | 32.2 (4) |
O3—C3—C4—C5 | 176.5 (3) | O53—C53—C54—C55 | −177.9 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −6.5 (5) | C52—C53—C54—C55 | −1.0 (5) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 172.2 (3) | C53—C54—C55—C56 | 169.0 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C10 | −6.2 (5) | C53—C54—C55—C60 | −8.3 (5) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | 131.3 (3) | C54—C55—C56—C57 | 133.2 (3) |
C10—C5—C6—C7 | −50.2 (3) | C60—C55—C56—C57 | −49.2 (4) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 50.3 (3) | C55—C56—C57—C58 | 51.8 (4) |
C6—C7—C8—C14 | −173.3 (2) | C56—C57—C58—C64 | −178.0 (3) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −52.5 (3) | C56—C57—C58—C59 | −56.1 (4) |
C14—C8—C9—C11 | −52.9 (3) | C64—C58—C59—C61 | −48.2 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—C11 | −175.5 (2) | C57—C58—C59—C61 | −171.8 (3) |
C14—C8—C9—C10 | 177.5 (2) | C64—C58—C59—C60 | −178.0 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 54.9 (3) | C57—C58—C59—C60 | 58.4 (3) |
C4—C5—C10—C1 | −12.7 (4) | C54—C55—C60—C51 | −14.3 (4) |
C6—C5—C10—C1 | 168.9 (2) | C56—C55—C60—C51 | 168.3 (3) |
C4—C5—C10—C19 | 107.1 (3) | C54—C55—C60—C69 | 105.1 (4) |
C6—C5—C10—C19 | −71.4 (3) | C56—C55—C60—C69 | −72.3 (4) |
C4—C5—C10—C9 | −131.3 (3) | C54—C55—C60—C59 | −133.2 (3) |
C6—C5—C10—C9 | 50.3 (3) | C56—C55—C60—C59 | 49.3 (4) |
C2—C1—C10—C5 | 43.5 (4) | C52—C51—C60—C55 | 45.0 (4) |
C2—C1—C10—C19 | −74.9 (3) | C52—C51—C60—C69 | −73.8 (4) |
C2—C1—C10—C9 | 162.3 (3) | C52—C51—C60—C59 | 163.9 (3) |
C11—C9—C10—C5 | 178.6 (2) | C61—C59—C60—C55 | 175.9 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C5 | −52.5 (3) | C58—C59—C60—C55 | −54.2 (3) |
C11—C9—C10—C1 | 59.2 (3) | C61—C59—C60—C51 | 56.2 (4) |
C8—C9—C10—C1 | −171.9 (2) | C58—C59—C60—C51 | −174.0 (3) |
C11—C9—C10—C19 | −62.3 (3) | C61—C59—C60—C69 | −64.6 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C19 | 66.5 (3) | C58—C59—C60—C69 | 65.2 (3) |
C8—C9—C11—C12 | 54.9 (3) | C58—C59—C61—C62 | 49.0 (4) |
C10—C9—C11—C12 | −175.2 (2) | C60—C59—C61—C62 | 178.5 (3) |
C9—C11—C12—C13 | −56.5 (3) | C59—C61—C62—C63 | −54.2 (4) |
C11—C12—C13—C18 | −66.5 (3) | C61—C62—C63—C68 | −64.2 (3) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | 55.5 (3) | C61—C62—C63—C64 | 57.7 (3) |
C11—C12—C13—C17 | 166.1 (2) | C61—C62—C63—C67 | 169.5 (3) |
C7—C8—C14—C15 | −57.8 (3) | C57—C58—C64—C65 | −60.1 (4) |
C9—C8—C14—C15 | −179.6 (2) | C59—C58—C64—C65 | 178.6 (3) |
C7—C8—C14—C13 | 178.2 (2) | C57—C58—C64—C63 | 176.7 (3) |
C9—C8—C14—C13 | 56.4 (3) | C59—C58—C64—C63 | 55.4 (3) |
C12—C13—C14—C8 | −58.0 (3) | C62—C63—C64—C58 | −60.4 (3) |
C18—C13—C14—C8 | 63.4 (3) | C68—C63—C64—C58 | 60.4 (4) |
C17—C13—C14—C8 | −178.4 (2) | C67—C63—C64—C58 | 177.8 (2) |
C12—C13—C14—C15 | 168.7 (2) | C62—C63—C64—C65 | 168.0 (3) |
C18—C13—C14—C15 | −69.9 (3) | C68—C63—C64—C65 | −71.2 (3) |
C17—C13—C14—C15 | 48.3 (3) | C67—C63—C64—C65 | 46.2 (3) |
C8—C14—C15—C16 | −171.8 (3) | C58—C64—C65—C66 | −169.1 (3) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | −42.0 (3) | C63—C64—C65—C66 | −40.9 (3) |
C14—C15—C16—O22 | 134.7 (2) | C64—C65—C66—O72 | 135.2 (3) |
C14—C15—C16—C17 | 19.3 (3) | C64—C65—C66—C67 | 19.6 (3) |
O22—C16—C17—C20 | 16.4 (3) | O72—C66—C67—C70 | 15.0 (3) |
C15—C16—C17—C20 | 137.6 (2) | C65—C66—C67—C70 | 136.0 (3) |
O22—C16—C17—C13 | −110.8 (2) | O72—C66—C67—C63 | −112.4 (3) |
C15—C16—C17—C13 | 10.5 (3) | C65—C66—C67—C63 | 8.6 (3) |
C12—C13—C17—C20 | 91.8 (3) | C62—C63—C67—C70 | 94.0 (3) |
C18—C13—C17—C20 | −34.7 (3) | C68—C63—C67—C70 | −31.9 (4) |
C14—C13—C17—C20 | −152.7 (2) | C64—C63—C67—C70 | −150.1 (3) |
C12—C13—C17—C16 | −151.0 (2) | C62—C63—C67—C66 | −148.9 (3) |
C18—C13—C17—C16 | 82.4 (3) | C68—C63—C67—C66 | 85.2 (3) |
C14—C13—C17—C16 | −35.6 (3) | C64—C63—C67—C66 | −33.0 (3) |
C16—C17—C20—C21 | 132.5 (3) | C66—C67—C70—C71 | 135.3 (3) |
C13—C17—C20—C21 | −110.5 (3) | C63—C67—C70—C71 | −107.7 (3) |
C16—C17—C20—C22 | 7.0 (3) | C66—C67—C70—C72 | 8.1 (3) |
C13—C17—C20—C22 | 123.9 (3) | C63—C67—C70—C72 | 125.1 (3) |
C21—C20—C22—O22 | −153.4 (3) | C71—C70—C72—O72 | −156.0 (3) |
C17—C20—C22—O22 | −28.6 (3) | C67—C70—C72—O72 | −29.1 (3) |
C21—C20—C22—O26 | −36.4 (3) | C71—C70—C72—O76 | −39.0 (4) |
C17—C20—C22—O26 | 88.4 (3) | C67—C70—C72—O76 | 87.9 (3) |
C21—C20—C22—C23 | 87.3 (3) | C71—C70—C72—C73 | 84.9 (4) |
C17—C20—C22—C23 | −147.9 (2) | C67—C70—C72—C73 | −148.2 (3) |
O26—C22—O22—C16 | −73.8 (3) | O76—C72—O72—C66 | −74.4 (3) |
C23—C22—O22—C16 | 164.0 (2) | C73—C72—O72—C66 | 163.4 (2) |
C20—C22—O22—C16 | 40.7 (3) | C70—C72—O72—C66 | 40.4 (3) |
C15—C16—O22—C22 | −152.6 (2) | C65—C66—O72—C72 | −152.0 (2) |
C17—C16—O22—C22 | −35.7 (3) | C67—C66—O72—C72 | −34.7 (3) |
O22—C22—C23—C24 | 70.5 (3) | O72—C72—C73—C74 | 73.0 (3) |
O26—C22—C23—C24 | −51.1 (3) | O76—C72—C73—C74 | −48.6 (4) |
C20—C22—C23—C24 | −172.3 (3) | C70—C72—C73—C74 | −170.2 (3) |
C22—C23—C24—C25 | 52.3 (3) | C72—C73—C74—C75 | 51.0 (4) |
C23—C24—C25—C26 | −54.1 (3) | C73—C74—C75—C77 | −177.8 (3) |
C23—C24—C25—C27 | −177.9 (3) | C73—C74—C75—C76 | −54.2 (4) |
C27—C25—C26—O26 | −176.9 (3) | C74—C75—C76—O76 | 59.4 (4) |
C24—C25—C26—O26 | 58.3 (3) | C77—C75—C76—O76 | −175.6 (3) |
O22—C22—O26—C26 | −66.5 (3) | O72—C72—O76—C76 | −67.9 (3) |
C23—C22—O26—C26 | 54.2 (3) | C73—C72—O76—C76 | 52.8 (3) |
C20—C22—O26—C26 | −180.0 (2) | C70—C72—O76—C76 | 178.8 (2) |
C25—C26—O26—C22 | −59.6 (3) | C75—C76—O76—C72 | −59.8 (3) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C27H40O3 |
Mr | 412.59 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21 |
Temperature (K) | 136 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.3396 (6), 7.6466 (4), 29.9511 (17) |
β (°) | 97.207 (5) |
V (Å3) | 2349.3 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.07 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.44 × 0.19 × 0.05 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur (Atlas, Gemini) |
Absorption correction | Analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); based on expressions derived by Clark & Reid (1995)] |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.984, 0.996 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 11305, 5346, 3908 |
Rint | 0.042 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.633 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.052, 0.099, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 5346 |
No. of parameters | 549 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.23, −0.18 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2009), CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2009), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by CONACyT (grant 83049).
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
A natural source of diosgenone is Solanun nudum (Saez et al., 1998), present in different regions of South America. This steroid is also synthesized by oxidation of diosgenin, for instance, through the Swern oxidation. We obtained it using a modified Jones oxidation described in the literature (Hunter & Priest, 2006). The interest in diosgenone is currently growing, since it has been proposed by a group working in Colombia as a new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of malaria (Echeverri et al., 2001; Saez et al., 1998). This claim is in line with the fact that Solanun nudum is used by the community of Tumaco (Narino, Colombia) as a cure for malaria. A more academic interest is related to the biotransformation of diosgenone to isonuatigenone (C25-hydroxylation), which rearranges in acid media into nuatigenone, a rare nuatigenin-type steroid (Wang et al., 2007, 2009). These studies allow a postulate for a new pathway of diosgenin metabolism.
The X-ray structure for diosgenone was described in space group P21 (Piro et al., 2002; CSD refcode: LUKXAQ). We have now discovered that a second polymorph in the same space group may be obtained if the crystallization is carried out by slow evaporation of an AcOEt/acetone (4:1) solution, while Piro et al. crystallized diosgenone from an ethanolic solution. The asymmetric unit, as in the previous report, contains two independent molecules (Fig. 1), with very similar conformations. The r.m.s. deviation for the fitted molecules is less than 0.2 Å. No significant conformational modification is observed by comparing molecules in both polymorphs: calculated r.m.s. deviations for pairs of molecules taken in different crystal forms are in the range 0.17 to 0.32 Å, the largest deviations being for the methyl group bonded to C25 in the F ring. However, simulated X-ray powder patterns for each form (Fig. 2) show clearly that these crystal forms are dimorphic. The crystal modification should thus be due to a reorientation of independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. In the case of the previously described structure (Piro et al., 2002), the asymmetric unit may be described with two molecules arranged in such a way that the A→F rings sequence of one molecule is oriented antiparallel to the A→F sequence of the other one. In contrast, the asymmetric unit of the title polymorph described herein includes two parallel molecules (see insets in Fig. 2).