organic compounds
(E)-1-[(3-Iodophenyl)iminomethyl]naphthalen-2-ol
aOndokuz Mayıs University, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Physics, 55139 Samsun, Turkey, and bOndokuz Mayıs University, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
*Correspondence e-mail: takbal@omu.edu.tr
In the title molecule, C17H12INO, the dihedral angle between the naphthaldeyde plane and the 3-iodoaniline plane is20.07 (13)°. It exists in the solid state as an enol–imine tautomer with a strong intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond.
Related literature
For the applications of iodoaromatic compounds in synthetic organic chemistry, medicine and biochemistry, see; Merkushev (1988); Olah et al. (1993). Schiff base complexes have been used in catalytic reactions and are used as models for biological systems, see: Hamilton et al. (1987); Pyrz et al. (1985); Costamagna et al. (1992). For related structures, see: Ünver et al. (2000); Manvizhi et al. (2011).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); cell X-AREA; data reduction: X-RED32 (Stoe & Cie, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: WinGX (Farrugia, 1997) and SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812036793/zj2093sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812036793/zj2093Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812036793/zj2093Isup3.mol
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812036793/zj2093Isup4.cml
The compound E)—1-((3-iodophenyllimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (E)-1-((3-bromophenyllimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol was prepared by refluxing a mixture of a solution containing 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (17.2 mg 0.100 mmol) in 30 ml absolute ethanol and a solution containing 3-iodoaniline (21.9 mg 0.100 mmol) in 20 ml absolute ethanol. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h under reflux. Single crystals of the title compound for X-ray anaysis were obtaned by slow evaporation of an ethaol solition (yield % 67; m.p 410–412 oK).
All carbon attached H-atoms were refined using riding model for hydrogen bonds with d(C—H) = 0.93 Å (Uiso=1.2Ueq of the parent atom) for aromatic carbon atoms and d(C—H) = 0.96 Å (Uiso=1.5Ueq of the parent atom) for methyl carbon atoms.
Iodoaromatic compounds are valuable and versatile synthetic intermediates in many domains of synthetic organic chemistry, medicine and biochemistry (Merkushev et al., 1988; Olah et al., 1993). The Schiff base complexes have also been used in catalytic reactions (Hamilton et al., 1987) are used as models for biological systems (Pyrz et al., 1985; Costamagna et al., 1992). There are two types of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in π···π interactions between the centroids of the Cg(1) and Cg(2) rings (distance between ring centroids = 4.664 (3) Â), and the Cg(2) and Cg(3) rings (distance between ring centroids = 4.791 (3)Â), stack the molecules along the b-axis.
namely keto-amine (N—H···O) and enol-imine (N···H—O) tautomeric forms. The present X-ray investigation shows that the title compound,(I), prefers the enol-imine tautomeric form rather than the keto-amine tautomeric form. The C9—O1 and C7—N1 bond lengths verify the enol-imine tautomeric form. these distances agree with the literature[1.310 (8) and 1.319 (6)Â; Ünver et al. 2000], which also show the enol-imine tautomeric form. The C1—I1 bond lenght in (I) is also in a good agremeent with the corresponding distances in the literature [2.092 (4)Â; Manvizhi et al., 2011]. The bond distances for O1-H1O1 and N1-H1O1 are 0.82 and 1.82 Â, respectively, and the N1···H1—O1 angle is 148 Å. These distances and angle agree with the literature[Ünver et al. 2000], The title molecule with the atom-numbering scheme. The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. The dashed line indicates the intramolecular hydrogen bond. An ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) packing diagram of (I), viewed along the b axis. The molecule is non-planar. The angle between the two Schiff base moieties [C1—C6,N1,I1] and [C7—C13,O1,N1] is 20.07 (13) Å. Cg(1), Cg(2) and Cg(3) are the centroids of rings C1—C6, C8—C13 and C12—C17, respectively. However,Iodoaromatic compounds are valuable and versatile synthetic intermediates in many domains of synthetic organic chemistry, medicine and biochemistry, see; Merkushev (1988); Olah et al. (1993). Schiff base complexes have been used in catalytic reactions and are used as models for biological systems, see: Hamilton et al. (1987); Pyrz et al. (1985); Costamagna et al. (1992). For related structures, see: Ünver et al. (2000); Manvizhi et al. (2011).
Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); cell
X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); data reduction: X-RED32 (Stoe & Cie, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: WinGX (Farrugia, 1997) and SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).C17H12INO | F(000) = 1456 |
Mr = 373.18 | Dx = 1.737 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Melting point = 410–412 K |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 32.059 (3) Å | Cell parameters from 9569 reflections |
b = 4.8392 (3) Å | θ = 1.3–26.0° |
c = 19.2682 (16) Å | µ = 2.24 mm−1 |
β = 107.269 (6)° | T = 296 K |
V = 2854.5 (4) Å3 | Needle, yellow |
Z = 8 | 0.80 × 0.30 × 0.03 mm |
Stoe IPDS 2 diffractometer | 2781 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1607 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.056 |
w–scan rotation | θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 1.3° |
Absorption correction: integration (X-RED32; Stoe & Cie, 2002) | h = −38→38 |
Tmin = 0.793, Tmax = 0.925 | k = −5→5 |
9569 measured reflections | l = −23→23 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0405P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 0.93 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
2781 reflections | Δρmax = 0.87 e Å−3 |
181 parameters | Δρmin = −0.57 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0 |
C17H12INO | V = 2854.5 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 373.18 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 32.059 (3) Å | µ = 2.24 mm−1 |
b = 4.8392 (3) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 19.2682 (16) Å | 0.80 × 0.30 × 0.03 mm |
β = 107.269 (6)° |
Stoe IPDS 2 diffractometer | 2781 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: integration (X-RED32; Stoe & Cie, 2002) | 1607 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.793, Tmax = 0.925 | Rint = 0.056 |
9569 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 0.93 | Δρmax = 0.87 e Å−3 |
2781 reflections | Δρmin = −0.57 e Å−3 |
181 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
I1 | 0.052729 (12) | 0.52255 (9) | 0.33319 (2) | 0.08465 (19) | |
C5 | 0.16216 (15) | 0.0503 (9) | 0.4653 (2) | 0.0490 (11) | |
C8 | 0.15014 (14) | −0.4836 (10) | 0.5955 (2) | 0.0498 (11) | |
O1 | 0.22667 (12) | −0.3804 (8) | 0.6294 (2) | 0.0784 (11) | |
H1 | 0.2177 | −0.2766 | 0.5946 | 0.118* | |
C9 | 0.19336 (16) | −0.5200 (11) | 0.6398 (3) | 0.0593 (13) | |
C11 | 0.1710 (2) | −0.8587 (12) | 0.7108 (3) | 0.0712 (16) | |
H11 | 0.1781 | −0.9838 | 0.7491 | 0.085* | |
N1 | 0.17155 (13) | −0.1458 (9) | 0.5220 (2) | 0.0546 (10) | |
C4 | 0.19651 (17) | 0.1402 (12) | 0.4410 (3) | 0.0620 (13) | |
H4 | 0.2243 | 0.0672 | 0.4616 | 0.074* | |
C6 | 0.12123 (16) | 0.1594 (10) | 0.4331 (2) | 0.0514 (12) | |
H6 | 0.0976 | 0.1010 | 0.4481 | 0.062* | |
C7 | 0.14134 (16) | −0.2876 (10) | 0.5375 (2) | 0.0508 (12) | |
H7 | 0.1125 | −0.2607 | 0.5096 | 0.061* | |
C3 | 0.19005 (19) | 0.3351 (13) | 0.3873 (3) | 0.0721 (16) | |
H3 | 0.2135 | 0.3935 | 0.3720 | 0.087* | |
C2 | 0.14946 (18) | 0.4450 (11) | 0.3557 (3) | 0.0655 (14) | |
H2 | 0.1451 | 0.5779 | 0.3194 | 0.079* | |
C1 | 0.11518 (16) | 0.3532 (11) | 0.3793 (2) | 0.0544 (12) | |
C13 | 0.11570 (16) | −0.6479 (10) | 0.6093 (2) | 0.0510 (12) | |
C17 | 0.0936 (2) | −0.9958 (12) | 0.6815 (3) | 0.0797 (16) | |
H17 | 0.1007 | −1.1192 | 0.7203 | 0.096* | |
C14 | 0.07180 (17) | −0.6311 (12) | 0.5668 (3) | 0.0651 (14) | |
H14 | 0.0638 | −0.5092 | 0.5277 | 0.078* | |
C16 | 0.0511 (2) | −0.9750 (14) | 0.6391 (4) | 0.0868 (18) | |
H16 | 0.0296 | −1.0836 | 0.6488 | 0.104* | |
C10 | 0.20262 (19) | −0.7080 (12) | 0.6980 (3) | 0.0693 (15) | |
H10 | 0.2312 | −0.7273 | 0.7279 | 0.083* | |
C12 | 0.1268 (2) | −0.8351 (11) | 0.6679 (3) | 0.0613 (14) | |
C15 | 0.0407 (2) | −0.7938 (14) | 0.5825 (4) | 0.0810 (17) | |
H15 | 0.0118 | −0.7799 | 0.5538 | 0.097* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
I1 | 0.0709 (2) | 0.0937 (3) | 0.0771 (3) | 0.0026 (2) | 0.00310 (19) | 0.0215 (2) |
C5 | 0.053 (3) | 0.047 (3) | 0.047 (3) | −0.006 (2) | 0.014 (2) | −0.009 (2) |
C8 | 0.058 (3) | 0.048 (3) | 0.045 (2) | 0.007 (2) | 0.017 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
O1 | 0.054 (2) | 0.094 (3) | 0.079 (3) | 0.005 (2) | 0.007 (2) | 0.005 (2) |
C9 | 0.058 (3) | 0.060 (3) | 0.058 (3) | 0.010 (3) | 0.015 (2) | −0.010 (3) |
C11 | 0.104 (5) | 0.060 (4) | 0.045 (3) | 0.021 (3) | 0.014 (3) | 0.006 (3) |
N1 | 0.053 (2) | 0.055 (3) | 0.056 (2) | 0.001 (2) | 0.016 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
C4 | 0.053 (3) | 0.067 (4) | 0.067 (3) | −0.011 (3) | 0.019 (3) | −0.009 (3) |
C6 | 0.054 (3) | 0.056 (3) | 0.045 (3) | −0.010 (2) | 0.015 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
C7 | 0.050 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.046 (3) | 0.004 (2) | 0.010 (2) | −0.007 (2) |
C3 | 0.069 (4) | 0.085 (4) | 0.070 (4) | −0.027 (3) | 0.032 (3) | −0.004 (3) |
C2 | 0.073 (3) | 0.073 (4) | 0.051 (3) | −0.012 (3) | 0.018 (3) | 0.004 (3) |
C1 | 0.058 (3) | 0.060 (3) | 0.043 (3) | −0.009 (2) | 0.011 (2) | −0.007 (2) |
C13 | 0.060 (3) | 0.045 (3) | 0.052 (3) | 0.005 (2) | 0.022 (2) | −0.007 (2) |
C17 | 0.114 (5) | 0.059 (4) | 0.080 (4) | 0.007 (4) | 0.049 (4) | 0.005 (3) |
C14 | 0.059 (3) | 0.068 (4) | 0.070 (3) | −0.002 (3) | 0.022 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
C16 | 0.099 (5) | 0.073 (4) | 0.107 (5) | −0.017 (4) | 0.059 (4) | −0.005 (4) |
C10 | 0.067 (4) | 0.071 (4) | 0.060 (3) | 0.014 (3) | 0.004 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
C12 | 0.090 (4) | 0.048 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.008 (3) | 0.032 (3) | −0.001 (2) |
C15 | 0.069 (4) | 0.082 (5) | 0.097 (5) | −0.006 (3) | 0.032 (4) | −0.013 (4) |
I1—C1 | 2.101 (5) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
C5—C6 | 1.379 (6) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
C5—C4 | 1.387 (6) | C3—C2 | 1.370 (7) |
C5—N1 | 1.411 (6) | C3—H3 | 0.9300 |
C8—C9 | 1.406 (6) | C2—C1 | 1.381 (7) |
C8—C7 | 1.428 (6) | C2—H2 | 0.9300 |
C8—C13 | 1.448 (7) | C13—C14 | 1.406 (7) |
O1—C9 | 1.328 (6) | C13—C12 | 1.408 (7) |
O1—H1 | 0.8200 | C17—C16 | 1.368 (9) |
C9—C10 | 1.405 (7) | C17—C12 | 1.404 (8) |
C11—C10 | 1.331 (8) | C17—H17 | 0.9300 |
C11—C12 | 1.416 (7) | C14—C15 | 1.373 (8) |
C11—H11 | 0.9300 | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
N1—C7 | 1.292 (6) | C16—C15 | 1.361 (9) |
C4—C3 | 1.370 (8) | C16—H16 | 0.9300 |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
C6—C1 | 1.369 (7) | C15—H15 | 0.9300 |
C6—C5—C4 | 118.3 (5) | C3—C2—H2 | 120.9 |
C6—C5—N1 | 124.1 (4) | C1—C2—H2 | 120.9 |
C4—C5—N1 | 117.6 (4) | C6—C1—C2 | 121.4 (5) |
C9—C8—C7 | 119.3 (4) | C6—C1—I1 | 119.4 (4) |
C9—C8—C13 | 119.1 (4) | C2—C1—I1 | 119.2 (4) |
C7—C8—C13 | 121.6 (4) | C14—C13—C12 | 118.4 (5) |
C9—O1—H1 | 109.5 | C14—C13—C8 | 123.1 (4) |
O1—C9—C10 | 117.4 (5) | C12—C13—C8 | 118.4 (5) |
O1—C9—C8 | 122.4 (5) | C16—C17—C12 | 121.5 (6) |
C10—C9—C8 | 120.2 (5) | C16—C17—H17 | 119.2 |
C10—C11—C12 | 122.2 (5) | C12—C17—H17 | 119.2 |
C10—C11—H11 | 118.9 | C15—C14—C13 | 120.3 (5) |
C12—C11—H11 | 118.9 | C15—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C7—N1—C5 | 122.3 (4) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.9 (5) | C15—C16—C17 | 119.3 (6) |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.6 | C15—C16—H16 | 120.4 |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.6 | C17—C16—H16 | 120.4 |
C1—C6—C5 | 120.3 (4) | C11—C10—C9 | 120.7 (5) |
C1—C6—H6 | 119.8 | C11—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.8 | C9—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
N1—C7—C8 | 123.1 (4) | C17—C12—C13 | 118.8 (6) |
N1—C7—H7 | 118.5 | C17—C12—C11 | 121.9 (5) |
C8—C7—H7 | 118.5 | C13—C12—C11 | 119.4 (5) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.9 (5) | C16—C15—C14 | 121.7 (6) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.6 | C16—C15—H15 | 119.1 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.6 | C14—C15—H15 | 119.1 |
C3—C2—C1 | 118.3 (5) | ||
C7—C8—C9—O1 | −0.8 (7) | C7—C8—C13—C14 | 1.2 (7) |
C13—C8—C9—O1 | 178.7 (4) | C9—C8—C13—C12 | 1.1 (6) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 178.8 (4) | C7—C8—C13—C12 | −179.4 (4) |
C13—C8—C9—C10 | −1.7 (7) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | 0.2 (8) |
C6—C5—N1—C7 | 16.5 (7) | C8—C13—C14—C15 | 179.6 (5) |
C4—C5—N1—C7 | −164.2 (4) | C12—C17—C16—C15 | −0.2 (9) |
C6—C5—C4—C3 | 0.9 (7) | C12—C11—C10—C9 | −1.1 (9) |
N1—C5—C4—C3 | −178.5 (4) | O1—C9—C10—C11 | −178.7 (5) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.6 (7) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | 1.7 (8) |
N1—C5—C6—C1 | 178.7 (4) | C16—C17—C12—C13 | 0.3 (8) |
C5—N1—C7—C8 | −179.0 (4) | C16—C17—C12—C11 | −178.9 (5) |
C9—C8—C7—N1 | 2.2 (7) | C14—C13—C12—C17 | −0.3 (7) |
C13—C8—C7—N1 | −177.2 (4) | C8—C13—C12—C17 | −179.8 (4) |
C5—C4—C3—C2 | −0.4 (8) | C14—C13—C12—C11 | 179.0 (5) |
C4—C3—C2—C1 | −0.3 (8) | C8—C13—C12—C11 | −0.5 (7) |
C5—C6—C1—C2 | −0.1 (7) | C10—C11—C12—C17 | 179.7 (5) |
C5—C6—C1—I1 | −178.5 (3) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.5 (8) |
C3—C2—C1—C6 | 0.6 (8) | C17—C16—C15—C14 | 0.1 (9) |
C3—C2—C1—I1 | 179.0 (4) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | −0.1 (9) |
C9—C8—C13—C14 | −178.3 (4) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C17H12INO |
Mr | 373.18 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 32.059 (3), 4.8392 (3), 19.2682 (16) |
β (°) | 107.269 (6) |
V (Å3) | 2854.5 (4) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.24 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.80 × 0.30 × 0.03 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Stoe IPDS 2 |
Absorption correction | Integration (X-RED32; Stoe & Cie, 2002) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.793, 0.925 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 9569, 2781, 1607 |
Rint | 0.056 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.617 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.042, 0.094, 0.93 |
No. of reflections | 2781 |
No. of parameters | 181 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.87, −0.57 |
Computer programs: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002), X-RED32 (Stoe & Cie, 2002), WinGX (Farrugia, 1997) and SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Ondokuz Mayis University Research Fund for financial support of this project.
References
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Iodoaromatic compounds are valuable and versatile synthetic intermediates in many domains of synthetic organic chemistry, medicine and biochemistry (Merkushev et al., 1988; Olah et al., 1993). The Schiff base complexes have also been used in catalytic reactions (Hamilton et al., 1987) are used as models for biological systems (Pyrz et al., 1985; Costamagna et al., 1992). There are two types of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in Schiff bases, namely keto-amine (N—H···O) and enol-imine (N···H—O) tautomeric forms. The present X-ray investigation shows that the title compound,(I), prefers the enol-imine tautomeric form rather than the keto-amine tautomeric form. The C9—O1 and C7—N1 bond lengths verify the enol-imine tautomeric form. these distances agree with the literature[1.310 (8) and 1.319 (6)Â; Ünver et al. 2000], which also show the enol-imine tautomeric form. The C1—I1 bond lenght in (I) is also in a good agremeent with the corresponding distances in the literature [2.092 (4)Â; Manvizhi et al., 2011]. The bond distances for O1-H1O1 and N1-H1O1 are 0.82 and 1.82 Â, respectively, and the N1···H1—O1 angle is 148 Å. These distances and angle agree with the literature[Ünver et al. 2000], The title molecule with the atom-numbering scheme. The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. The dashed line indicates the intramolecular hydrogen bond. An ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) packing diagram of (I), viewed along the b axis. The molecule is non-planar. The angle between the two Schiff base moieties [C1—C6,N1,I1] and [C7—C13,O1,N1] is 20.07 (13) Å. Cg(1), Cg(2) and Cg(3) are the centroids of rings C1—C6, C8—C13 and C12—C17, respectively. However, π···π interactions between the centroids of the Cg(1) and Cg(2) rings (distance between ring centroids = 4.664 (3) Â), and the Cg(2) and Cg(3) rings (distance between ring centroids = 4.791 (3)Â), stack the molecules along the b-axis.