organic compounds
2-[3-(Naphthalen-2-yl)phenyl]naphthalene†
aDepartment of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA, 70803-1804, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: ffroncz@lsu.edu
The title compound, C26H18, consists of a benzene ring with meta-substituted 2-naphthalene substituents, which are essentially planar [r.m.s. deviations = 0.022 (1) and 0.003 (1) Å]. The conformation is syn, with equivalent torsion angles about the benzene–naphthalene bonds of −36.04 (13) and +34.14 (13)°. The molecule has quasi-Cs molecular symmetry.
Related literature
For properties of oligophenyls, see: Bocchinfuso et al. (2009) and for their synthesis, see: Marcinow & Rabideau (1990); Du et al. (1986); Woods et al. (1951). For similar structures, see: Baker et al. (1990); Lin & Williams (1975); Bart (1968); Tummala et al. (2013). For conformational calculations with GAUSSIAN09, see: Frisch et al. (2009).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius 2000); cell SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) and SCALEPACK; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR2002 (Burla et al., 2003); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 2012).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536813002390/pv2619sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813002390/pv2619Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813002390/pv2619Isup3.cml
Compound I was prepared after Du et al. (1986) and recrystallized from petroleum ether.
The positional parameters of all H atoms were refined, but Uiso(H) was set to 1.2Ueq of the attached C atom. The range of C–H distances is 0.959 (14) - 1.020 (14) Å.
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius 2000); cell
SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR2002 (Burla et al., 2003); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 2012).C26H18 | Dx = 1.269 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 330.4 | Melting point: 143.5(5) K |
Orthorhombic, Pbcn | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2n 2ab | Cell parameters from 6568 reflections |
a = 25.9304 (3) Å | θ = 2.6–32.6° |
b = 8.9300 (1) Å | µ = 0.07 mm−1 |
c = 14.9377 (2) Å | T = 100 K |
V = 3458.95 (7) Å3 | Prism, colourless |
Z = 8 | 0.40 × 0.27 × 0.22 mm |
F(000) = 1392 |
Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer | 6240 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4993 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.023 |
Detector resolution: 9 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 32.6°, θmin = 2.7° |
ϕ and ω scans | h = −39→39 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) | k = −13→13 |
Tmin = 0.972, Tmax = 0.984 | l = −22→22 |
37425 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.125 | Only H-atom coordinates refined |
S = 1.02 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0658P)2 + 0.9158P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
6240 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
289 parameters | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.22 e Å−3 |
0 constraints |
C26H18 | V = 3458.95 (7) Å3 |
Mr = 330.4 | Z = 8 |
Orthorhombic, Pbcn | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 25.9304 (3) Å | µ = 0.07 mm−1 |
b = 8.9300 (1) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 14.9377 (2) Å | 0.40 × 0.27 × 0.22 mm |
Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer | 6240 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) | 4993 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.972, Tmax = 0.984 | Rint = 0.023 |
37425 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.125 | Only H-atom coordinates refined |
S = 1.02 | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
6240 reflections | Δρmin = −0.22 e Å−3 |
289 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.63414 (3) | 0.65124 (10) | 0.39203 (6) | 0.01689 (17) | |
C2 | 0.62992 (3) | 0.71392 (10) | 0.30628 (6) | 0.01694 (16) | |
H2 | 0.6484 (5) | 0.8056 (15) | 0.2934 (8) | 0.02* | |
C3 | 0.59837 (3) | 0.65068 (10) | 0.24032 (6) | 0.01660 (16) | |
C4 | 0.57139 (4) | 0.51927 (11) | 0.26073 (6) | 0.01896 (17) | |
H4 | 0.5494 (5) | 0.4704 (15) | 0.2136 (8) | 0.023* | |
C5 | 0.57577 (4) | 0.45461 (11) | 0.34519 (6) | 0.02072 (18) | |
H5 | 0.5574 (5) | 0.3638 (16) | 0.3575 (8) | 0.025* | |
C6 | 0.60671 (4) | 0.51962 (11) | 0.41055 (6) | 0.01975 (18) | |
H6 | 0.6101 (5) | 0.4717 (15) | 0.4700 (9) | 0.024* | |
C7 | 0.65216 (4) | 0.72652 (11) | 0.55034 (6) | 0.01811 (17) | |
H7 | 0.6193 (5) | 0.6799 (15) | 0.5698 (8) | 0.022* | |
C8 | 0.66657 (3) | 0.72466 (10) | 0.46121 (6) | 0.01701 (16) | |
C9 | 0.71347 (4) | 0.79654 (11) | 0.43622 (6) | 0.01953 (17) | |
H9 | 0.7242 (5) | 0.7931 (15) | 0.3721 (8) | 0.023* | |
C10 | 0.74404 (4) | 0.86589 (11) | 0.49847 (6) | 0.02031 (18) | |
H10 | 0.7772 (5) | 0.9160 (15) | 0.4807 (8) | 0.024* | |
C11 | 0.72952 (4) | 0.86948 (10) | 0.59028 (6) | 0.01801 (17) | |
C12 | 0.76011 (4) | 0.94138 (11) | 0.65616 (7) | 0.02206 (19) | |
H12 | 0.7930 (5) | 0.9933 (16) | 0.6373 (9) | 0.026* | |
C13 | 0.74530 (4) | 0.94171 (12) | 0.74436 (7) | 0.0246 (2) | |
H13 | 0.7680 (5) | 0.9909 (16) | 0.7903 (9) | 0.03* | |
C14 | 0.69902 (4) | 0.87049 (13) | 0.77044 (6) | 0.0248 (2) | |
H14 | 0.6888 (5) | 0.8669 (17) | 0.8349 (9) | 0.03* | |
C15 | 0.66831 (4) | 0.80109 (12) | 0.70813 (6) | 0.02236 (19) | |
H15 | 0.6365 (5) | 0.7517 (16) | 0.7256 (9) | 0.027* | |
C16 | 0.68280 (4) | 0.79842 (10) | 0.61631 (6) | 0.01787 (17) | |
C17 | 0.54718 (3) | 0.72005 (10) | 0.10483 (6) | 0.01746 (17) | |
H17 | 0.5158 (5) | 0.6693 (15) | 0.1293 (8) | 0.021* | |
C18 | 0.59332 (3) | 0.72319 (10) | 0.15125 (6) | 0.01630 (16) | |
C19 | 0.63624 (3) | 0.79954 (11) | 0.11308 (6) | 0.01800 (17) | |
H19 | 0.6705 (5) | 0.8014 (15) | 0.1453 (8) | 0.022* | |
C20 | 0.63221 (3) | 0.86852 (11) | 0.03141 (6) | 0.01788 (17) | |
H20 | 0.6622 (5) | 0.9217 (15) | 0.0055 (8) | 0.021* | |
C21 | 0.58490 (3) | 0.86835 (10) | −0.01638 (6) | 0.01625 (16) | |
C22 | 0.57913 (4) | 0.94470 (11) | −0.09892 (6) | 0.01963 (18) | |
H22 | 0.6099 (5) | 0.9976 (15) | −0.1227 (9) | 0.024* | |
C23 | 0.53253 (4) | 0.94754 (12) | −0.14213 (6) | 0.02269 (19) | |
H23 | 0.5289 (5) | 1.0075 (16) | −0.1999 (9) | 0.027* | |
C24 | 0.48948 (4) | 0.87247 (12) | −0.10533 (6) | 0.02300 (19) | |
H24 | 0.4556 (5) | 0.8770 (16) | −0.1362 (9) | 0.028* | |
C25 | 0.49393 (4) | 0.79656 (11) | −0.02576 (6) | 0.02032 (18) | |
H25 | 0.4636 (5) | 0.7474 (16) | 0.0014 (8) | 0.024* | |
C26 | 0.54175 (3) | 0.79277 (10) | 0.02090 (6) | 0.01655 (16) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0171 (4) | 0.0180 (4) | 0.0155 (4) | 0.0020 (3) | 0.0003 (3) | −0.0006 (3) |
C2 | 0.0186 (4) | 0.0168 (4) | 0.0154 (4) | 0.0002 (3) | 0.0008 (3) | 0.0003 (3) |
C3 | 0.0170 (4) | 0.0177 (4) | 0.0151 (3) | 0.0020 (3) | 0.0006 (3) | −0.0004 (3) |
C4 | 0.0204 (4) | 0.0185 (4) | 0.0180 (4) | −0.0005 (3) | −0.0009 (3) | 0.0001 (3) |
C5 | 0.0237 (4) | 0.0183 (4) | 0.0202 (4) | −0.0023 (3) | −0.0001 (3) | 0.0023 (3) |
C6 | 0.0232 (4) | 0.0189 (4) | 0.0172 (4) | 0.0007 (3) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0028 (3) |
C7 | 0.0170 (4) | 0.0212 (4) | 0.0161 (4) | −0.0001 (3) | −0.0001 (3) | 0.0021 (3) |
C8 | 0.0179 (4) | 0.0172 (4) | 0.0159 (4) | 0.0016 (3) | −0.0009 (3) | 0.0010 (3) |
C9 | 0.0195 (4) | 0.0220 (4) | 0.0171 (4) | −0.0002 (3) | 0.0018 (3) | 0.0009 (3) |
C10 | 0.0186 (4) | 0.0221 (4) | 0.0202 (4) | −0.0011 (3) | 0.0012 (3) | 0.0015 (3) |
C11 | 0.0171 (4) | 0.0182 (4) | 0.0187 (4) | 0.0019 (3) | −0.0011 (3) | 0.0009 (3) |
C12 | 0.0209 (4) | 0.0212 (4) | 0.0241 (4) | 0.0006 (3) | −0.0031 (3) | −0.0015 (3) |
C13 | 0.0251 (5) | 0.0265 (5) | 0.0224 (4) | 0.0049 (4) | −0.0058 (4) | −0.0052 (4) |
C14 | 0.0256 (5) | 0.0319 (5) | 0.0169 (4) | 0.0058 (4) | −0.0019 (3) | −0.0024 (4) |
C15 | 0.0218 (4) | 0.0288 (5) | 0.0165 (4) | 0.0020 (4) | 0.0005 (3) | 0.0010 (3) |
C16 | 0.0175 (4) | 0.0205 (4) | 0.0156 (4) | 0.0022 (3) | −0.0013 (3) | 0.0011 (3) |
C17 | 0.0168 (4) | 0.0187 (4) | 0.0169 (4) | −0.0013 (3) | 0.0012 (3) | 0.0002 (3) |
C18 | 0.0181 (4) | 0.0161 (4) | 0.0146 (3) | −0.0001 (3) | 0.0004 (3) | −0.0010 (3) |
C19 | 0.0161 (4) | 0.0211 (4) | 0.0168 (4) | −0.0011 (3) | −0.0007 (3) | −0.0007 (3) |
C20 | 0.0175 (4) | 0.0193 (4) | 0.0168 (4) | −0.0024 (3) | 0.0004 (3) | −0.0003 (3) |
C21 | 0.0179 (4) | 0.0157 (4) | 0.0152 (4) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0000 (3) | −0.0016 (3) |
C22 | 0.0235 (4) | 0.0189 (4) | 0.0165 (4) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0009 (3) | 0.0011 (3) |
C23 | 0.0271 (5) | 0.0234 (4) | 0.0176 (4) | 0.0038 (4) | −0.0022 (3) | 0.0019 (3) |
C24 | 0.0208 (4) | 0.0269 (5) | 0.0213 (4) | 0.0036 (4) | −0.0047 (3) | −0.0001 (4) |
C25 | 0.0173 (4) | 0.0235 (4) | 0.0201 (4) | 0.0008 (3) | −0.0014 (3) | −0.0009 (3) |
C26 | 0.0170 (4) | 0.0172 (4) | 0.0154 (4) | 0.0009 (3) | 0.0000 (3) | −0.0013 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.4014 (13) | C13—C14 | 1.4129 (16) |
C1—C2 | 1.4022 (12) | C13—H13 | 1.005 (14) |
C1—C8 | 1.4850 (12) | C14—C15 | 1.3729 (14) |
C2—C3 | 1.3995 (12) | C14—H14 | 0.999 (13) |
C2—H2 | 0.968 (13) | C15—C16 | 1.4224 (13) |
C3—C4 | 1.3999 (13) | C15—H15 | 0.970 (14) |
C3—C18 | 1.4856 (12) | C17—C18 | 1.3830 (12) |
C4—C5 | 1.3922 (13) | C17—C26 | 1.4190 (12) |
C4—H4 | 1.005 (13) | C17—H17 | 1.000 (13) |
C5—C6 | 1.3907 (13) | C18—C19 | 1.4243 (12) |
C5—H5 | 0.959 (14) | C19—C20 | 1.3707 (12) |
C6—H6 | 0.989 (13) | C19—H19 | 1.012 (13) |
C7—C8 | 1.3829 (12) | C20—C21 | 1.4193 (12) |
C7—C16 | 1.4193 (13) | C20—H20 | 0.990 (13) |
C7—H7 | 0.991 (13) | C21—C22 | 1.4168 (12) |
C8—C9 | 1.4250 (13) | C21—C26 | 1.4204 (12) |
C9—C10 | 1.3698 (13) | C22—C23 | 1.3702 (14) |
C9—H9 | 0.997 (13) | C22—H22 | 0.994 (13) |
C10—C11 | 1.4226 (13) | C23—C24 | 1.4136 (14) |
C10—H10 | 1.006 (13) | C23—H23 | 1.020 (14) |
C11—C12 | 1.4178 (13) | C24—C25 | 1.3731 (13) |
C11—C16 | 1.4217 (13) | C24—H24 | 0.992 (13) |
C12—C13 | 1.3723 (14) | C25—C26 | 1.4229 (13) |
C12—H12 | 1.010 (13) | C25—H25 | 0.987 (13) |
C6—C1—C2 | 118.39 (8) | C15—C14—C13 | 120.59 (9) |
C6—C1—C8 | 121.35 (8) | C15—C14—H14 | 118.9 (8) |
C2—C1—C8 | 120.25 (8) | C13—C14—H14 | 120.4 (8) |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.85 (8) | C14—C15—C16 | 120.54 (9) |
C3—C2—H2 | 119.4 (7) | C14—C15—H15 | 121.1 (8) |
C1—C2—H2 | 118.7 (7) | C16—C15—H15 | 118.4 (8) |
C2—C3—C4 | 118.50 (8) | C7—C16—C11 | 119.27 (8) |
C2—C3—C18 | 120.41 (8) | C7—C16—C15 | 121.95 (9) |
C4—C3—C18 | 121.08 (8) | C11—C16—C15 | 118.78 (8) |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.28 (8) | C18—C17—C26 | 121.30 (8) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.1 (7) | C18—C17—H17 | 121.9 (7) |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.7 (7) | C26—C17—H17 | 116.7 (7) |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.68 (9) | C17—C18—C19 | 119.01 (8) |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.4 (8) | C17—C18—C3 | 121.10 (8) |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.0 (8) | C19—C18—C3 | 119.88 (8) |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.28 (8) | C20—C19—C18 | 120.78 (8) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.0 (8) | C20—C19—H19 | 118.9 (7) |
C1—C6—H6 | 119.7 (8) | C18—C19—H19 | 120.3 (7) |
C8—C7—C16 | 121.51 (9) | C19—C20—C21 | 120.87 (8) |
C8—C7—H7 | 120.6 (7) | C19—C20—H20 | 120.2 (7) |
C16—C7—H7 | 117.9 (7) | C21—C20—H20 | 118.9 (7) |
C7—C8—C9 | 118.52 (8) | C22—C21—C20 | 121.90 (8) |
C7—C8—C1 | 121.48 (8) | C22—C21—C26 | 119.12 (8) |
C9—C8—C1 | 120.00 (8) | C20—C21—C26 | 118.96 (8) |
C10—C9—C8 | 121.31 (8) | C23—C22—C21 | 120.80 (9) |
C10—C9—H9 | 120.3 (8) | C23—C22—H22 | 122.1 (7) |
C8—C9—H9 | 118.4 (8) | C21—C22—H22 | 117.1 (7) |
C9—C10—C11 | 120.75 (9) | C22—C23—C24 | 120.30 (9) |
C9—C10—H10 | 121.1 (7) | C22—C23—H23 | 119.3 (7) |
C11—C10—H10 | 118.1 (7) | C24—C23—H23 | 120.4 (7) |
C12—C11—C16 | 119.28 (8) | C25—C24—C23 | 120.29 (9) |
C12—C11—C10 | 122.08 (9) | C25—C24—H24 | 119.8 (8) |
C16—C11—C10 | 118.64 (8) | C23—C24—H24 | 119.9 (8) |
C13—C12—C11 | 120.71 (9) | C24—C25—C26 | 120.60 (9) |
C13—C12—H12 | 120.2 (8) | C24—C25—H25 | 120.5 (8) |
C11—C12—H12 | 119.1 (8) | C26—C25—H25 | 118.8 (8) |
C12—C13—C14 | 120.10 (9) | C17—C26—C21 | 119.06 (8) |
C12—C13—H13 | 119.4 (8) | C17—C26—C25 | 122.01 (8) |
C14—C13—H13 | 120.4 (8) | C21—C26—C25 | 118.89 (8) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 1.51 (13) | C10—C11—C16—C7 | −0.07 (13) |
C8—C1—C2—C3 | −177.83 (8) | C12—C11—C16—C15 | −0.31 (13) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.46 (13) | C10—C11—C16—C15 | 179.66 (9) |
C1—C2—C3—C18 | 177.73 (8) | C14—C15—C16—C7 | 179.43 (9) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.54 (13) | C14—C15—C16—C11 | −0.28 (15) |
C18—C3—C4—C5 | −178.65 (9) | C26—C17—C18—C19 | −0.81 (14) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.30 (14) | C26—C17—C18—C3 | 178.19 (8) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.24 (15) | C2—C3—C18—C17 | −145.04 (9) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.64 (14) | C4—C3—C18—C17 | 34.14 (13) |
C8—C1—C6—C5 | 178.69 (9) | C2—C3—C18—C19 | 33.95 (12) |
C16—C7—C8—C9 | 0.27 (14) | C4—C3—C18—C19 | −146.87 (9) |
C16—C7—C8—C1 | −179.14 (8) | C17—C18—C19—C20 | −0.30 (14) |
C6—C1—C8—C7 | −36.04 (13) | C3—C18—C19—C20 | −179.31 (8) |
C2—C1—C8—C7 | 143.28 (9) | C18—C19—C20—C21 | 1.32 (14) |
C6—C1—C8—C9 | 144.56 (9) | C19—C20—C21—C22 | 177.04 (9) |
C2—C1—C8—C9 | −36.12 (13) | C19—C20—C21—C26 | −1.24 (14) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 0.22 (14) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | −177.55 (9) |
C1—C8—C9—C10 | 179.64 (9) | C26—C21—C22—C23 | 0.72 (14) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.64 (15) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | −0.75 (15) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −179.48 (9) | C22—C23—C24—C25 | 0.27 (15) |
C9—C10—C11—C16 | 0.55 (14) | C23—C24—C25—C26 | 0.23 (15) |
C16—C11—C12—C13 | 0.59 (14) | C18—C17—C26—C21 | 0.87 (13) |
C10—C11—C12—C13 | −179.38 (9) | C18—C17—C26—C25 | −177.02 (9) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.27 (15) | C22—C21—C26—C17 | −178.18 (8) |
C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.34 (16) | C20—C21—C26—C17 | 0.15 (13) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | 0.61 (16) | C22—C21—C26—C25 | −0.22 (13) |
C8—C7—C16—C11 | −0.34 (14) | C20—C21—C26—C25 | 178.10 (8) |
C8—C7—C16—C15 | 179.94 (9) | C24—C25—C26—C17 | 177.64 (9) |
C12—C11—C16—C7 | 179.96 (9) | C24—C25—C26—C21 | −0.25 (14) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C26H18 |
Mr | 330.4 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pbcn |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 25.9304 (3), 8.9300 (1), 14.9377 (2) |
V (Å3) | 3458.95 (7) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.07 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.40 × 0.27 × 0.22 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.972, 0.984 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 37425, 6240, 4993 |
Rint | 0.023 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.758 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.045, 0.125, 1.02 |
No. of reflections | 6240 |
No. of parameters | 289 |
H-atom treatment | Only H-atom coordinates refined |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.38, −0.22 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius 2000), DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), SIR2002 (Burla et al., 2003), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012), WinGX (Farrugia, 2012).
Footnotes
†CAS 103068–17–3.
Acknowledgements
The purchase of the diffractometer was made possible by grant No. LEQSF(1999–2000)-ESH-TR-13, administered by the Louisiana Board of Regents.
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The crystal and molecular structures of p-oligophenyls have been well investigated (Baker et al., 1990, and references therein), but relatively few studies have appeared concerning the conformational preferences of m-oligophenyls. Two interesting papers were reported, one by Lin & Williams (1975) about the crystal structure of 1,3,5 triphenyl, which serves as a model for m-polyphenyls, showing substituted phenyl groups being twisted about the formal single bonds by +40.7, -37.2, and +36.1° out of the plane of the central ring. The crystal structure of one of the polymorphic forms of hexaphenyl benzene, reported by Bart (1968), has shown that the peripheral rings are not perpendicular to the central ring, but are twisted by about 25°. The molecule was found to be highly distorted as a result of out-of-plane bending of the exocyclic bonds. Therefore, we have studied the structure of 1,3-bis(2-naphthyl)benzene for comparison of its conformation with the previous results.
Title compound I is of quasi-Cs symmetry and consists of a benzene ring with meta-substituted 2-naphthalenes. The benzene ring is nearly planar (C-atoms only, δr.m.s. = 0.005 (1) Å), as are the two naphthalenes (δr.m.s. = 0.022 (1) and 0.003 (1) Å). The benzene plane and both naphthalene planes are bent with respect to the benzene-naphthalene (BN) bonds: C8 and C18 lie above the benzene plane by 0.039 (2) and 0.040 (1) Å respectively, while C1 lies above its proximate naphthalene plane by 0.016 (1) Å, and C3 lies above its proximate naphthalene plane by 0.085 (1) Å. The naphthalene ring planes are also twisted about the BN bonds with equivalent torsion angles of -36.04 (13)° (C6–C1–C8–C7) and +34.14 (13)° (C4–C3–C18–C17). An isolated and optimized Cs model (Gaussian09; Frisch et al., 2009; DFT:b3lyp/3–21 g) shows a small amount of bending about the BN bonds, with equivalent distances from mean planes C8/C18 = 0.020 Å and C1/C3 = 0.004 Å, and BN torsion angles of ± 43°.