organic compounds
rac-(1S*,4aS*,8aS*)-4a-Hydroxy-2-methylperhydrospiro[isoquinoline-4,1′-cyclohexan]-2′-one
aInstitut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Enseignant-Chercheur à l'INP-HB de Yamoussoukro, BP 991 Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire, bOrganic Chemistry Department, Russian Peoples Friendship University, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia, and cX-Ray Structural Centre, A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, B-334, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
*Correspondence e-mail: ssiaka@inphb.edu.ci
In the title compound, C15H25NO2, all three six-membered rings adopt chair conformations. The cyclohexane and piperidine rings within the perhydroisoquinoline are trans–trans fused. The N atom has a trigonal–pyramidal geometry (the sum of the bond angles is 328.0°). The methyl substituent occupies the sterically preferrable equatorial position. In the crystal, molecules form infinite [100] chains via O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
Related literature
For general background to the synthesis, chemical properties and applications in medicine of the title compound, see: Plati & Wenner (1949); Ellefson et al. (1978); Soldatenkov et al. (2009). For related compounds, see: Plati & Wenner (1950); Soldatenkov et al. (2008); Soldatova et al. (2010); Siaka et al. (2012).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813007010/rk2397sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813007010/rk2397Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813007010/rk2397Isup3.cml
A mixture of methylamine hydrochloride (14.0 g, 0.2 mol), cyclohexanone (41.4 ml, 0.4 mol) and formaldehyde (31 ml of 40% solution in water) in 48% HBr (80 ml) was boiled for 6 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled, poured into cold water (200 ml) and stirred at 293 K for 7 h. The pH of the mixture was then brought at 9, and the expected product was extracted by ether. The obtained extract was washed with water (50 ml), dried over disodium sulfate. After the solvent evaporation, the residue was purified by re–crystallization from ethanol to give 16.75 g of colorless crystals of I. Yield is 28%. M.p. = 437–439 K. IR (KBr), ν/cm-1: 3452, 3400, 1698. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz, 300 K): δ = 1.19–1.65 (m, 7H, C—CH2), 1.68 (t, 2H, 3J = 11.7, C—CH2), 1.88 (t, 1H, 3J = 12.0, C—CH2), 1.94–2.06 (m, 4H, C—CH2), 2.18 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.22 (m, 1H, C—CH), 2.40 (d, 1H, 3J = 12.0, N—CH2), 2.43 (m, 1H, NCH2), 2.55–2.70 (m, 3H, NCH2 and C—CH2), 3.16 (d, 1H, 3J = 12.0, N—CH2), 5.00 (s, 1H, OH). Anal. Calcd for C15H25NO2: C, 71.67; H, 10.02; N, 5.57. Found: C, 71.83; H, 9.77; N, 5.41.
The hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group was localized in the difference Fourier map and refined isotropically with fixed isotropic displacement parameters Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(O). The other hydrogen atoms were placed in calculated positions with C—H = 0.98–1.00Å and refined in the riding model with fixed isotropic displacement parameters Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C) for the methyl group and 1.2Ueq(C) for the other groups.
It is well known that 3–aroyl–4–arylpiperidin–4–ols are intermediate products in the synthesis of important antihistaminic agents (Plati & Wenner, 1950; Ellefson et al., 1978). Such piperidols can be prepared in two steps via the condensation of the corresponding acetophenones with formaldehyde and alkylamines by heating of these mixtures in 36% HCl solution and the subsequent intramolecular
of the yielded double Mannich bases under action of bases (Plati & Wenner, 1949).However, we found that use of α–tetralone - the cyclic analogue of acetophenone (Soldatenkov et al., 2008) in the analogous syntheses results in very complex multicomponent mixtures instead of the expected γ–piperidol derivatives. These mixtures contain only trace quantities of the expected piperidols (identified by LC–MS method). It is interesing to note that heating of the analogous double Mannich base prepared from α–tetralone (Soldatenkov et al., 2009; Soldatova et al., 2010; Siaka et al., 2012) in HBr solution gives the expectable product of the but in the dehydrated form. Its structure comprising the spiro–fused hexahydrobenzo[f]isoquinoline and tetrahydronaphthalenone systems was unambiguously established by X–ray diffraction study (Siaka et al., 2012). Thus, such a molecule appears to be much more stable than its 10b–hydroxy predecessor. Hence, we were not sure that structure of the main product would be chemically preferable in the analogous multicomponent condensation if we would use cyclohexanone as the ketone component (heating in HBr solution; Fig. 1). We have found that, in this case, 8a–hydroxy–3–methylperhydrospiro[isoquinoline–1,2'–cyclohexan]–1'–one is formed, which is very stable towards dehydration in acidic media. The first step of this cascade process is the formation of the double Mannich base, and the second one is aldol–type intramolecular of the two cyclohexenone moieties to each other. The structure of the spiro–derivative, C15H25NO2, (I) was unambiguously established by X–ray diffraction study.
The molecule of I comprises spiro–fused perhydroisoquinoline and cyclohexanone systems (Fig. 2). All the three saturated six–membered rings adopt chair conformations. The cyclohexane and piperidine rings within the perhydroisoquinoline are fused in trans–trans type. The nitrogen atom has a trigonal–pyramidal geometry (sum of the bond angles is 328.0 (2)°). The methyl substituent occupies the sterically preferrable equatorial position.
The molecule of I possesses three asymmetric centers at the C1, C4A and C8A carbon atoms and can have potentially eight
The crystal of I is racemic and consists of enantiomeric pairs with the following of the centers: rac–1S*,4aS*,8aS*.In the crystal, molecules form infinite [1 0 0] chains via the intermolecular O1—H1···N3i hydrogen bonds (Fig. 3, Table 1). The chains are arranged at van–der–Waals distances. Symmetry code: (i) x+1, y, z.
For general background to the synthesis, chemical properties and applications in medicine of the title compound, see: Plati & Wenner (1949); Ellefson et al. (1978); Soldatenkov et al. (2009). For related compounds, see: Plati & Wenner (1950); Soldatenkov et al. (2008); Soldatova et al. (2010); Siaka et al. (2012).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C15H25NO2 | F(000) = 552 |
Mr = 251.36 | Dx = 1.264 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Melting point = 437–439 K |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 5.8438 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 6340 reflections |
b = 18.5756 (7) Å | θ = 2.2–32.6° |
c = 12.2148 (5) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
β = 95.116 (1)° | T = 100 K |
V = 1320.66 (9) Å3 | Prism, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3852 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine–focus sealed tube | 3221 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.028 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 30.0°, θmin = 2.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003) | h = −8→8 |
Tmin = 0.976, Tmax = 0.984 | k = −26→26 |
17142 measured reflections | l = −17→17 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | Hydrogen site location: calc |
wR(F2) = 0.102 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.00 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.055P)2 + 0.4P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3852 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
167 parameters | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
C15H25NO2 | V = 1320.66 (9) Å3 |
Mr = 251.36 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.8438 (2) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 18.5756 (7) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 12.2148 (5) Å | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
β = 95.116 (1)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3852 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003) | 3221 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.976, Tmax = 0.984 | Rint = 0.028 |
17142 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.102 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
3852 reflections | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
167 parameters |
Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R–factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R–factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R–factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R–factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R–factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.72882 (11) | 0.10966 (4) | 0.39294 (6) | 0.01342 (14) | |
H1 | 0.847 (2) | 0.1345 (7) | 0.3939 (11) | 0.020* | |
C1 | 0.47868 (14) | 0.21494 (5) | 0.37839 (7) | 0.00990 (16) | |
C2 | 0.38858 (15) | 0.19624 (5) | 0.49006 (7) | 0.01161 (17) | |
H2A | 0.5143 | 0.1741 | 0.5384 | 0.014* | |
H2B | 0.3421 | 0.2412 | 0.5257 | 0.014* | |
N3 | 0.19197 (13) | 0.14659 (4) | 0.47886 (6) | 0.01124 (15) | |
C4 | 0.26546 (15) | 0.07765 (5) | 0.43377 (7) | 0.01177 (17) | |
H4A | 0.1356 | 0.0432 | 0.4293 | 0.014* | |
H4B | 0.3919 | 0.0570 | 0.4834 | 0.014* | |
C4A | 0.34662 (15) | 0.08849 (5) | 0.31979 (7) | 0.01051 (16) | |
H4C | 0.2157 | 0.1089 | 0.2712 | 0.013* | |
C5 | 0.41334 (16) | 0.01620 (5) | 0.27117 (7) | 0.01355 (18) | |
H5A | 0.5389 | −0.0059 | 0.3197 | 0.016* | |
H5B | 0.2797 | −0.0168 | 0.2678 | 0.016* | |
C6 | 0.49189 (17) | 0.02548 (5) | 0.15586 (8) | 0.01609 (18) | |
H6A | 0.3619 | 0.0430 | 0.1053 | 0.019* | |
H6B | 0.5416 | −0.0216 | 0.1283 | 0.019* | |
C7 | 0.69080 (17) | 0.07913 (5) | 0.15765 (8) | 0.01640 (19) | |
H7A | 0.7326 | 0.0867 | 0.0817 | 0.020* | |
H7B | 0.8264 | 0.0588 | 0.2014 | 0.020* | |
C8 | 0.62793 (16) | 0.15179 (5) | 0.20703 (7) | 0.01312 (17) | |
H8A | 0.5039 | 0.1747 | 0.1586 | 0.016* | |
H8B | 0.7634 | 0.1840 | 0.2108 | 0.016* | |
C8A | 0.54791 (15) | 0.14266 (5) | 0.32298 (7) | 0.01031 (16) | |
C9 | 0.11013 (17) | 0.13529 (5) | 0.58766 (7) | 0.01506 (18) | |
H9A | 0.0565 | 0.1811 | 0.6158 | 0.023* | |
H9B | 0.2360 | 0.1166 | 0.6381 | 0.023* | |
H9C | −0.0167 | 0.1006 | 0.5818 | 0.023* | |
O1' | 0.18262 (12) | 0.23557 (4) | 0.22802 (6) | 0.01587 (15) | |
C1' | 0.29057 (15) | 0.25807 (5) | 0.31084 (7) | 0.01110 (17) | |
C3' | 0.69183 (15) | 0.26497 (5) | 0.40043 (8) | 0.01269 (17) | |
H3A | 0.8080 | 0.2399 | 0.4507 | 0.015* | |
H3B | 0.7602 | 0.2732 | 0.3302 | 0.015* | |
C4' | 0.63912 (16) | 0.33810 (5) | 0.45054 (8) | 0.01341 (18) | |
H4D | 0.5814 | 0.3308 | 0.5235 | 0.016* | |
H4E | 0.7818 | 0.3670 | 0.4609 | 0.016* | |
C5' | 0.45977 (16) | 0.37870 (5) | 0.37603 (8) | 0.01372 (18) | |
H5C | 0.5237 | 0.3905 | 0.3058 | 0.016* | |
H5D | 0.4210 | 0.4244 | 0.4117 | 0.016* | |
C6' | 0.24123 (16) | 0.33311 (5) | 0.35295 (8) | 0.01422 (18) | |
H6C | 0.1635 | 0.3288 | 0.4214 | 0.017* | |
H6D | 0.1351 | 0.3581 | 0.2978 | 0.017* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0096 (3) | 0.0127 (3) | 0.0174 (3) | 0.0011 (2) | −0.0015 (2) | 0.0010 (2) |
C1 | 0.0095 (4) | 0.0095 (4) | 0.0106 (4) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0002 (3) | −0.0001 (3) |
C2 | 0.0127 (4) | 0.0115 (4) | 0.0106 (4) | −0.0004 (3) | 0.0008 (3) | −0.0006 (3) |
N3 | 0.0123 (3) | 0.0107 (3) | 0.0110 (3) | −0.0001 (3) | 0.0026 (3) | 0.0001 (3) |
C4 | 0.0127 (4) | 0.0104 (4) | 0.0124 (4) | 0.0005 (3) | 0.0019 (3) | 0.0009 (3) |
C4A | 0.0109 (4) | 0.0095 (4) | 0.0111 (4) | −0.0003 (3) | 0.0007 (3) | −0.0004 (3) |
C5 | 0.0169 (4) | 0.0101 (4) | 0.0138 (4) | −0.0005 (3) | 0.0022 (3) | −0.0010 (3) |
C6 | 0.0218 (5) | 0.0125 (4) | 0.0144 (4) | −0.0008 (3) | 0.0042 (3) | −0.0031 (3) |
C7 | 0.0189 (4) | 0.0149 (4) | 0.0164 (4) | −0.0001 (3) | 0.0071 (3) | −0.0024 (3) |
C8 | 0.0148 (4) | 0.0120 (4) | 0.0129 (4) | −0.0012 (3) | 0.0036 (3) | −0.0005 (3) |
C8A | 0.0101 (4) | 0.0099 (4) | 0.0108 (4) | 0.0006 (3) | 0.0003 (3) | 0.0004 (3) |
C9 | 0.0172 (4) | 0.0168 (4) | 0.0117 (4) | 0.0010 (3) | 0.0040 (3) | 0.0019 (3) |
O1' | 0.0163 (3) | 0.0156 (3) | 0.0149 (3) | 0.0008 (2) | −0.0029 (2) | −0.0001 (2) |
C1' | 0.0104 (4) | 0.0107 (4) | 0.0124 (4) | −0.0004 (3) | 0.0022 (3) | 0.0019 (3) |
C3' | 0.0107 (4) | 0.0111 (4) | 0.0161 (4) | −0.0007 (3) | 0.0001 (3) | −0.0015 (3) |
C4' | 0.0134 (4) | 0.0114 (4) | 0.0153 (4) | −0.0015 (3) | 0.0005 (3) | −0.0016 (3) |
C5' | 0.0157 (4) | 0.0106 (4) | 0.0149 (4) | 0.0000 (3) | 0.0019 (3) | −0.0004 (3) |
C6' | 0.0128 (4) | 0.0120 (4) | 0.0176 (4) | 0.0023 (3) | 0.0000 (3) | −0.0012 (3) |
O1—C8A | 1.4362 (10) | C7—C8 | 1.5363 (13) |
O1—H1 | 0.829 (14) | C7—H7A | 0.9900 |
C1—C1' | 1.5393 (12) | C7—H7B | 0.9900 |
C1—C2 | 1.5449 (12) | C8—C8A | 1.5400 (12) |
C1—C3' | 1.5581 (12) | C8—H8A | 0.9900 |
C1—C8A | 1.5726 (12) | C8—H8B | 0.9900 |
C2—N3 | 1.4701 (11) | C9—H9A | 0.9800 |
C2—H2A | 0.9900 | C9—H9B | 0.9800 |
C2—H2B | 0.9900 | C9—H9C | 0.9800 |
N3—C9 | 1.4671 (11) | O1'—C1' | 1.2175 (11) |
N3—C4 | 1.4730 (11) | C1'—C6' | 1.5223 (12) |
C4—C4A | 1.5237 (12) | C3'—C4' | 1.5326 (12) |
C4—H4A | 0.9900 | C3'—H3A | 0.9900 |
C4—H4B | 0.9900 | C3'—H3B | 0.9900 |
C4A—C5 | 1.5328 (12) | C4'—C5' | 1.5250 (13) |
C4A—C8A | 1.5458 (12) | C4'—H4D | 0.9900 |
C4A—H4C | 1.0000 | C4'—H4E | 0.9900 |
C5—C6 | 1.5296 (13) | C5'—C6' | 1.5373 (13) |
C5—H5A | 0.9900 | C5'—H5C | 0.9900 |
C5—H5B | 0.9900 | C5'—H5D | 0.9900 |
C6—C7 | 1.5297 (13) | C6'—H6C | 0.9900 |
C6—H6A | 0.9900 | C6'—H6D | 0.9900 |
C6—H6B | 0.9900 | ||
C8A—O1—H1 | 109.8 (9) | C7—C8—C8A | 111.54 (7) |
C1'—C1—C2 | 107.88 (7) | C7—C8—H8A | 109.3 |
C1'—C1—C3' | 107.69 (7) | C8A—C8—H8A | 109.3 |
C2—C1—C3' | 108.16 (7) | C7—C8—H8B | 109.3 |
C1'—C1—C8A | 114.36 (7) | C8A—C8—H8B | 109.3 |
C2—C1—C8A | 108.00 (7) | H8A—C8—H8B | 108.0 |
C3'—C1—C8A | 110.56 (7) | O1—C8A—C8 | 109.05 (7) |
N3—C2—C1 | 112.58 (7) | O1—C8A—C4A | 104.79 (7) |
N3—C2—H2A | 109.1 | C8—C8A—C4A | 109.95 (7) |
C1—C2—H2A | 109.1 | O1—C8A—C1 | 108.20 (7) |
N3—C2—H2B | 109.1 | C8—C8A—C1 | 114.37 (7) |
C1—C2—H2B | 109.1 | C4A—C8A—C1 | 110.01 (7) |
H2A—C2—H2B | 107.8 | N3—C9—H9A | 109.5 |
C9—N3—C2 | 108.70 (7) | N3—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C9—N3—C4 | 110.10 (7) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C2—N3—C4 | 109.19 (7) | N3—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
N3—C4—C4A | 110.58 (7) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
N3—C4—H4A | 109.5 | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C4A—C4—H4A | 109.5 | O1'—C1'—C6' | 119.70 (8) |
N3—C4—H4B | 109.5 | O1'—C1'—C1 | 123.99 (8) |
C4A—C4—H4B | 109.5 | C6'—C1'—C1 | 116.31 (7) |
H4A—C4—H4B | 108.1 | C4'—C3'—C1 | 114.31 (7) |
C4—C4A—C5 | 110.42 (7) | C4'—C3'—H3A | 108.7 |
C4—C4A—C8A | 111.17 (7) | C1—C3'—H3A | 108.7 |
C5—C4A—C8A | 111.15 (7) | C4'—C3'—H3B | 108.7 |
C4—C4A—H4C | 108.0 | C1—C3'—H3B | 108.7 |
C5—C4A—H4C | 108.0 | H3A—C3'—H3B | 107.6 |
C8A—C4A—H4C | 108.0 | C5'—C4'—C3' | 110.61 (7) |
C6—C5—C4A | 111.44 (7) | C5'—C4'—H4D | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5A | 109.3 | C3'—C4'—H4D | 109.5 |
C4A—C5—H5A | 109.3 | C5'—C4'—H4E | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5B | 109.3 | C3'—C4'—H4E | 109.5 |
C4A—C5—H5B | 109.3 | H4D—C4'—H4E | 108.1 |
H5A—C5—H5B | 108.0 | C4'—C5'—C6' | 110.64 (7) |
C5—C6—C7 | 110.51 (8) | C4'—C5'—H5C | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6A | 109.5 | C6'—C5'—H5C | 109.5 |
C7—C6—H6A | 109.5 | C4'—C5'—H5D | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6B | 109.5 | C6'—C5'—H5D | 109.5 |
C7—C6—H6B | 109.5 | H5C—C5'—H5D | 108.1 |
H6A—C6—H6B | 108.1 | C1'—C6'—C5' | 112.77 (7) |
C6—C7—C8 | 111.71 (8) | C1'—C6'—H6C | 109.0 |
C6—C7—H7A | 109.3 | C5'—C6'—H6C | 109.0 |
C8—C7—H7A | 109.3 | C1'—C6'—H6D | 109.0 |
C6—C7—H7B | 109.3 | C5'—C6'—H6D | 109.0 |
C8—C7—H7B | 109.3 | H6C—C6'—H6D | 107.8 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 107.9 | ||
C1'—C1—C2—N3 | 66.10 (9) | C1'—C1—C8A—O1 | 178.11 (7) |
C3'—C1—C2—N3 | −177.68 (7) | C2—C1—C8A—O1 | −61.79 (8) |
C8A—C1—C2—N3 | −58.00 (9) | C3'—C1—C8A—O1 | 56.37 (9) |
C1—C2—N3—C9 | −176.76 (7) | C1'—C1—C8A—C8 | 56.36 (10) |
C1—C2—N3—C4 | 63.10 (9) | C2—C1—C8A—C8 | 176.46 (7) |
C9—N3—C4—C4A | 178.93 (7) | C3'—C1—C8A—C8 | −65.38 (9) |
C2—N3—C4—C4A | −61.80 (9) | C1'—C1—C8A—C4A | −67.95 (9) |
N3—C4—C4A—C5 | −177.62 (7) | C2—C1—C8A—C4A | 52.15 (9) |
N3—C4—C4A—C8A | 58.53 (9) | C3'—C1—C8A—C4A | 170.31 (7) |
C4—C4A—C5—C6 | 179.09 (7) | C2—C1—C1'—O1' | −111.77 (9) |
C8A—C4A—C5—C6 | −57.05 (10) | C3'—C1—C1'—O1' | 131.70 (9) |
C4A—C5—C6—C7 | 56.19 (10) | C8A—C1—C1'—O1' | 8.39 (12) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −55.41 (11) | C2—C1—C1'—C6' | 68.10 (9) |
C6—C7—C8—C8A | 55.69 (10) | C3'—C1—C1'—C6' | −48.43 (10) |
C7—C8—C8A—O1 | 59.18 (9) | C8A—C1—C1'—C6' | −171.74 (7) |
C7—C8—C8A—C4A | −55.19 (9) | C1'—C1—C3'—C4' | 52.23 (10) |
C7—C8—C8A—C1 | −179.54 (7) | C2—C1—C3'—C4' | −64.11 (9) |
C4—C4A—C8A—O1 | 62.26 (9) | C8A—C1—C3'—C4' | 177.83 (7) |
C5—C4A—C8A—O1 | −61.17 (9) | C1—C3'—C4'—C5' | −58.21 (10) |
C4—C4A—C8A—C8 | 179.33 (7) | C3'—C4'—C5'—C6' | 55.80 (10) |
C5—C4A—C8A—C8 | 55.90 (9) | O1'—C1'—C6'—C5' | −129.56 (9) |
C4—C4A—C8A—C1 | −53.84 (9) | C1—C1'—C6'—C5' | 50.56 (10) |
C5—C4A—C8A—C1 | −177.27 (7) | C4'—C5'—C6'—C1' | −52.24 (10) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···N3i | 0.830 (12) | 2.195 (12) | 2.8967 (10) | 142.3 (12) |
Symmetry code: (i) x+1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C15H25NO2 |
Mr | 251.36 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.8438 (2), 18.5756 (7), 12.2148 (5) |
β (°) | 95.116 (1) |
V (Å3) | 1320.66 (9) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.08 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.976, 0.984 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 17142, 3852, 3221 |
Rint | 0.028 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.703 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.037, 0.102, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 3852 |
No. of parameters | 167 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.48, −0.18 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2001), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···N3i | 0.830 (12) | 2.195 (12) | 2.8967 (10) | 142.3 (12) |
Symmetry code: (i) x+1, y, z. |
References
Bruker (2001). SAINT. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Bruker (2005). APEX2. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Ellefson, C. R., Woo, C. M. & Cusic, J. W. (1978). J. Med. Chem. 21, 340–343. CrossRef CAS PubMed Web of Science Google Scholar
Plati, J. N. & Wenner, W. (1949). J. Org. Chem. 14, 543–549. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Plati, J. N. & Wenner, W. (1950). J. Org. Chem. 15, 209–215. CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2003). SADABS. University of Göttingen, Germany. Google Scholar
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
It is well known that 3–aroyl–4–arylpiperidin–4–ols are intermediate products in the synthesis of important antihistaminic agents (Plati & Wenner, 1950; Ellefson et al., 1978). Such piperidols can be prepared in two steps via the condensation of the corresponding acetophenones with formaldehyde and alkylamines by heating of these mixtures in 36% HCl solution and the subsequent intramolecular cyclization of the yielded double Mannich bases under action of bases (Plati & Wenner, 1949).
However, we found that use of α–tetralone - the cyclic analogue of acetophenone (Soldatenkov et al., 2008) in the analogous syntheses results in very complex multicomponent mixtures instead of the expected γ–piperidol derivatives. These mixtures contain only trace quantities of the expected piperidols (identified by LC–MS method). It is interesing to note that heating of the analogous double Mannich base prepared from α–tetralone (Soldatenkov et al., 2009; Soldatova et al., 2010; Siaka et al., 2012) in HBr solution gives the expectable product of the cyclization, but in the dehydrated form. Its structure comprising the spiro–fused hexahydrobenzo[f]isoquinoline and tetrahydronaphthalenone systems was unambiguously established by X–ray diffraction study (Siaka et al., 2012). Thus, such a molecule appears to be much more stable than its 10b–hydroxy predecessor. Hence, we were not sure that structure of the main product would be chemically preferable in the analogous multicomponent condensation if we would use cyclohexanone as the ketone component (heating in HBr solution; Fig. 1). We have found that, in this case, 8a–hydroxy–3–methylperhydrospiro[isoquinoline–1,2'–cyclohexan]–1'–one is formed, which is very stable towards dehydration in acidic media. The first step of this cascade process is the formation of the double Mannich base, and the second one is aldol–type intramolecular cycloaddition of the two cyclohexenone moieties to each other. The structure of the spiro–derivative, C15H25NO2, (I) was unambiguously established by X–ray diffraction study.
The molecule of I comprises spiro–fused perhydroisoquinoline and cyclohexanone systems (Fig. 2). All the three saturated six–membered rings adopt chair conformations. The cyclohexane and piperidine rings within the perhydroisoquinoline are fused in trans–trans type. The nitrogen atom has a trigonal–pyramidal geometry (sum of the bond angles is 328.0 (2)°). The methyl substituent occupies the sterically preferrable equatorial position.
The molecule of I possesses three asymmetric centers at the C1, C4A and C8A carbon atoms and can have potentially eight diastereomers. The crystal of I is racemic and consists of enantiomeric pairs with the following relative configuration of the centers: rac–1S*,4aS*,8aS*.
In the crystal, molecules form infinite [1 0 0] chains via the intermolecular O1—H1···N3i hydrogen bonds (Fig. 3, Table 1). The chains are arranged at van–der–Waals distances. Symmetry code: (i) x+1, y, z.