organic compounds
[2,7-Diethoxy-8-(4-fluorobenzoyl)naphthalen-1-yl](4-fluorophenyl)methanone
aDepartment of Organic and Polymer Materials Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology (TUAT), Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan, and bInternational Research Center for Elements Science, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
*Correspondence e-mail: aokamoto@cc.tuat.ac.jp
In the molecule of the title compound, C28H22F2O4, the benzoyl groups are aligned almost antiparallel and the fluorobenzene rings form a dihedral angle of 14.12 (7)°. The dihedral angles between the 2,7-diethoxynaphthalene ring system and the benzene rings are 70.00 (4) and 67.28 (4)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the ab plane. The layers are further connected by π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances of 3.6115 (10) Å] into a three-dimensional structure.
Related literature
For electrophilic aroylation of naphthalene derivatives, see: Okamoto & Yonezawa (2009); Okamoto et al. (2011). For the structures of closely related compounds, see: Nakaema et al. (2008); Watanabe et al. (2010), Isogai et al. (2013).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku/MSC, 2006); cell CrystalClear; data reduction: CrystalClear; program(s) used to solve structure: Il Milione (Burla et al., 2007); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEPIII (Burnett & Johnson, 1996); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813008295/rz5052sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813008295/rz5052Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813008295/rz5052Isup3.cml
To a 50 ml flask, 2,7-diethoxynaphthalene (2.0 mmol, 489 mg), 4-fluorobenzoic acid (5.6 mmol, 785 mg), and phosphorus pentoxide–methanesulfonic acid (8.8 ml) were placed. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60°C for 1.5 h. After the reaction, the mixture was poured into ice-cold water and extracted with 25 ml of CHCl3 for three times. The combined extracts were washed with water, and 2 M aqueous NaOH followed by washing with brine. The organic layers thus obtained were dried over anhydrous MgSO4. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give cake. The crude product was purified by
(CHCl3/methanol; isolated yield 91%). Furthermore, the isolated product was crystallized from CHCl3 to give single-crystal suitable for X-ray analysis, m.p. 482.7–483.3 K.All H atoms were located in a difference Fourier map and were subsequently refined as riding atoms, with C—H = 0.95 (aromatic), 0.98 (methyl) and 0.99 (methylene) Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). The positions of methyl H atoms were rotationally optimized.
In the course of our studies on the selective electrophilic aromatic aroylation of 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene, peri-aroylnaphthalene compounds have proved to be formed regioselectively with the aid of a suitable acidic mediator (Okamoto & Yonezawa, 2009; Okamoto et al., 2011). The two aroyl groups at the 1,8-positions of the naphthalene ring in the resulting compounds are attached in perpendicular fashion to the naphthalene ring and oriented in opposite direction. Recently, we have reported the X-ray crystal structures of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008), 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene [(2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,8-diyl)-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)dimethanone; Watanabe et al., 2010], and 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene [(8-benzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-(phenyl)methanone (Isogai et al., 2013). In the crystal of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008), the molecule lies across a crystallographic twofold axis so that the
contains one-half of the molecule. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring is 83.59 (5)°. In the case of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene (Isogai et al., 2013), the dihedral angles are 68.42 (5)° and 71.69 (5)°. On the other hand, two aroyl groups in 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Watanabe et al., 2010) are attached to the naphthalene ring with appreciably different dihedral angles of 66.88 (7)° and 88.09 (6)°.In the crystal packing of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008) and analogous compounds (Watanabe et al., 2010, Isogai et al., 2013), the molecules are linked by C—H···O hydrogen bonds between the benzene rings and the ketonic carbonyl groups forming a three-dimensional network. The distances are shorter in the order of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (2.60 Å), 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl) analogue (2.55 Å), and the 2,7-diethoxy analogue (2.37 Å).
As a part of our continuous studies on the molecular structures of this kind of homologous molecules, the X-ray
of the title compound, 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene is discussed in this article.In the molecule (Fig. 1), two aroyl groups are non-coplanarly attached to the naphthalene ring and are oriented in opposite direction. The dihedral angles between the planes of the benzene rings [C12—C17 and C19—C24] and the naphthalene ring system (C1—C10) are 70.00 (4)° and 67.28 (4)°, respectively. Besides, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 14.12 (7)°.
The molecular packing of the title compound is mainly stabilized by dual C—H···O hydrogen bonds between the benzene rings and the ketonic carbonyl groups along the a axis (C16—H16···O1i=2.30 Å and C23—H23···O2ii=2.37 Å; Table 1 and Fig. 2) and by C—H···F hydrogen bonds between the naphthalene rings and the fluorine atoms on the benzene rings (C6—H6···F1iii=2.44 Å; Table 1 and Fig. 3), resulting in the formation of molecular layers parallel to the ab plane. In addition, the layers interact through π–π interactions with centroid–centroid distances of 3.6115 (10) Å to form a three-dimensional structure.
The above mentioned results suggest that the title compound has similarities with 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene (Isogai et al., 2013) in the dihedral angles between the benzene rings and the naphthalene ring and the distance of the C—H···O hydrogen bond between the benzene ring and the ketonic carbonyl group.
For electrophilic aroylation of naphthalene derivatives, see: Okamoto & Yonezawa (2009); Okamoto et al. (2011). For the structures of closely related compounds, see: Nakaema et al. (2008); Watanabe et al. (2010), Isogai et al. (2013).
Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku/MSC, 2006); cell
CrystalClear (Rigaku/MSC, 2006); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku/MSC, 2006); program(s) used to solve structure: Il Milione (Burla et al., 2007); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEPIII (Burnett & Johnson, 1996); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).C28H22F2O4 | F(000) = 960 |
Mr = 460.46 | Dx = 1.361 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71070 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 7582 reflections |
a = 7.8592 (18) Å | θ = 1.8–31.3° |
b = 21.243 (5) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
c = 13.941 (3) Å | T = 173 K |
β = 105.141 (3)° | Block, colorless |
V = 2246.6 (9) Å3 | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm |
Z = 4 |
Rigaku Saturn70 diffractometer | 3836 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3439 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.031 |
Detector resolution: 7.314 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.9° |
ω scans | h = −9→9 |
Absorption correction: numerical (NUMABS; Higashi, 1999) | k = −25→24 |
Tmin = 0.980, Tmax = 0.980 | l = −14→16 |
14368 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.108 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0756P)2 + 0.3064P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3836 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
309 parameters | Δρmax = 0.20 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
C28H22F2O4 | V = 2246.6 (9) Å3 |
Mr = 460.46 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 7.8592 (18) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
b = 21.243 (5) Å | T = 173 K |
c = 13.941 (3) Å | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm |
β = 105.141 (3)° |
Rigaku Saturn70 diffractometer | 3836 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: numerical (NUMABS; Higashi, 1999) | 3439 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.980, Tmax = 0.980 | Rint = 0.031 |
14368 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.108 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.20 e Å−3 |
3836 reflections | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
309 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
F1 | −0.20117 (11) | 0.21137 (4) | 0.11577 (9) | 0.0549 (3) | |
F2 | 1.12357 (11) | 0.23089 (4) | 0.40563 (7) | 0.0453 (2) | |
O1 | 0.52489 (11) | 0.33949 (4) | 0.12884 (7) | 0.0287 (2) | |
O2 | 0.39925 (11) | 0.37322 (4) | 0.32983 (7) | 0.0300 (2) | |
O3 | 0.19889 (11) | 0.41165 (4) | −0.05336 (6) | 0.0281 (2) | |
O4 | 0.71334 (12) | 0.48080 (4) | 0.44235 (7) | 0.0332 (2) | |
C1 | 0.36340 (14) | 0.43375 (6) | 0.10775 (9) | 0.0207 (3) | |
C2 | 0.27492 (15) | 0.45634 (6) | 0.01510 (9) | 0.0235 (3) | |
C3 | 0.27392 (16) | 0.52098 (6) | −0.00825 (9) | 0.0261 (3) | |
H3 | 0.2124 | 0.5357 | −0.0723 | 0.031* | |
C4 | 0.36247 (16) | 0.56209 (6) | 0.06242 (10) | 0.0269 (3) | |
H4 | 0.3626 | 0.6056 | 0.0467 | 0.032* | |
C5 | 0.54467 (17) | 0.58524 (6) | 0.23023 (10) | 0.0279 (3) | |
H5 | 0.5434 | 0.6286 | 0.2131 | 0.033* | |
C6 | 0.63394 (17) | 0.56678 (6) | 0.32334 (10) | 0.0287 (3) | |
H6 | 0.6949 | 0.5968 | 0.3704 | 0.034* | |
C7 | 0.63480 (16) | 0.50247 (6) | 0.34901 (9) | 0.0257 (3) | |
C8 | 0.55115 (15) | 0.45756 (5) | 0.28119 (9) | 0.0216 (3) | |
C9 | 0.45706 (14) | 0.47612 (5) | 0.18297 (9) | 0.0208 (3) | |
C10 | 0.45389 (15) | 0.54162 (6) | 0.15839 (9) | 0.0240 (3) | |
C11 | 0.37995 (15) | 0.36319 (5) | 0.11976 (8) | 0.0210 (3) | |
C12 | 0.22361 (15) | 0.32380 (5) | 0.11927 (9) | 0.0220 (3) | |
C13 | 0.24445 (17) | 0.25880 (6) | 0.12850 (11) | 0.0324 (3) | |
H13 | 0.3575 | 0.2406 | 0.1358 | 0.039* | |
C14 | 0.10147 (19) | 0.22059 (7) | 0.12717 (13) | 0.0412 (4) | |
H14 | 0.1145 | 0.1762 | 0.1331 | 0.049* | |
C15 | −0.06047 (17) | 0.24858 (7) | 0.11706 (11) | 0.0346 (3) | |
C16 | −0.08619 (16) | 0.31241 (6) | 0.10869 (10) | 0.0305 (3) | |
H16 | −0.1995 | 0.3303 | 0.1021 | 0.037* | |
C17 | 0.05794 (16) | 0.34984 (6) | 0.11013 (9) | 0.0260 (3) | |
H17 | 0.0437 | 0.3942 | 0.1048 | 0.031* | |
C18 | 0.54065 (15) | 0.39165 (6) | 0.32057 (8) | 0.0223 (3) | |
C19 | 0.70005 (15) | 0.35089 (6) | 0.34630 (8) | 0.0224 (3) | |
C20 | 0.68344 (17) | 0.28956 (6) | 0.37819 (10) | 0.0307 (3) | |
H20 | 0.5731 | 0.2755 | 0.3859 | 0.037* | |
C21 | 0.82595 (19) | 0.24894 (6) | 0.39870 (11) | 0.0354 (3) | |
H21 | 0.8148 | 0.2070 | 0.4199 | 0.042* | |
C22 | 0.98441 (17) | 0.27100 (6) | 0.38757 (10) | 0.0306 (3) | |
C23 | 1.00746 (17) | 0.33129 (6) | 0.35714 (10) | 0.0312 (3) | |
H23 | 1.1189 | 0.3452 | 0.3508 | 0.037* | |
C24 | 0.86278 (16) | 0.37107 (6) | 0.33609 (9) | 0.0274 (3) | |
H24 | 0.8749 | 0.4128 | 0.3143 | 0.033* | |
C25 | 0.06420 (17) | 0.43112 (7) | −0.13949 (10) | 0.0302 (3) | |
H25A | 0.1171 | 0.4542 | −0.1863 | 0.036* | |
H25B | −0.0216 | 0.4591 | −0.1199 | 0.036* | |
C26 | −0.0255 (2) | 0.37232 (7) | −0.18738 (12) | 0.0454 (4) | |
H26A | −0.0673 | 0.3479 | −0.1384 | 0.055* | |
H26B | 0.0582 | 0.3470 | −0.2121 | 0.055* | |
H26C | −0.1259 | 0.3837 | −0.2429 | 0.055* | |
C27 | 0.76537 (19) | 0.52558 (7) | 0.52180 (10) | 0.0344 (3) | |
H27A | 0.6655 | 0.5536 | 0.5234 | 0.041* | |
H27B | 0.8641 | 0.5518 | 0.5127 | 0.041* | |
C28 | 0.82134 (19) | 0.48859 (8) | 0.61620 (10) | 0.0383 (3) | |
H28A | 0.8508 | 0.5175 | 0.6729 | 0.046* | |
H28B | 0.9250 | 0.4632 | 0.6154 | 0.046* | |
H28C | 0.7249 | 0.4609 | 0.6221 | 0.046* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
F1 | 0.0318 (5) | 0.0366 (5) | 0.0949 (8) | −0.0117 (4) | 0.0141 (5) | 0.0159 (5) |
F2 | 0.0370 (5) | 0.0385 (5) | 0.0562 (6) | 0.0174 (4) | 0.0046 (4) | 0.0041 (4) |
O1 | 0.0185 (4) | 0.0284 (5) | 0.0384 (5) | 0.0045 (3) | 0.0059 (4) | −0.0015 (4) |
O2 | 0.0231 (5) | 0.0318 (5) | 0.0367 (5) | −0.0034 (4) | 0.0105 (4) | 0.0029 (4) |
O3 | 0.0288 (5) | 0.0281 (5) | 0.0231 (5) | 0.0021 (4) | −0.0008 (4) | 0.0001 (3) |
O4 | 0.0414 (5) | 0.0268 (5) | 0.0251 (5) | 0.0018 (4) | −0.0025 (4) | −0.0040 (4) |
C1 | 0.0162 (5) | 0.0229 (6) | 0.0242 (6) | 0.0004 (4) | 0.0073 (5) | 0.0013 (5) |
C2 | 0.0178 (6) | 0.0274 (6) | 0.0256 (6) | 0.0010 (5) | 0.0062 (5) | −0.0011 (5) |
C3 | 0.0242 (6) | 0.0279 (6) | 0.0262 (6) | 0.0053 (5) | 0.0067 (5) | 0.0060 (5) |
C4 | 0.0260 (6) | 0.0229 (6) | 0.0331 (7) | 0.0032 (5) | 0.0102 (5) | 0.0063 (5) |
C5 | 0.0291 (6) | 0.0192 (6) | 0.0365 (7) | 0.0005 (5) | 0.0104 (5) | −0.0005 (5) |
C6 | 0.0283 (6) | 0.0227 (6) | 0.0341 (7) | −0.0019 (5) | 0.0062 (5) | −0.0064 (5) |
C7 | 0.0231 (6) | 0.0259 (6) | 0.0272 (7) | 0.0022 (5) | 0.0048 (5) | −0.0014 (5) |
C8 | 0.0181 (5) | 0.0210 (6) | 0.0260 (6) | 0.0017 (5) | 0.0062 (5) | −0.0006 (5) |
C9 | 0.0162 (5) | 0.0217 (6) | 0.0258 (6) | 0.0011 (4) | 0.0078 (5) | −0.0002 (5) |
C10 | 0.0211 (6) | 0.0222 (6) | 0.0303 (7) | 0.0016 (5) | 0.0094 (5) | 0.0016 (5) |
C11 | 0.0190 (6) | 0.0232 (6) | 0.0198 (6) | 0.0016 (5) | 0.0035 (4) | −0.0014 (5) |
C12 | 0.0216 (6) | 0.0218 (6) | 0.0207 (6) | 0.0009 (5) | 0.0024 (4) | 0.0004 (4) |
C13 | 0.0253 (6) | 0.0258 (7) | 0.0447 (8) | 0.0046 (5) | 0.0066 (6) | 0.0056 (6) |
C14 | 0.0355 (8) | 0.0223 (7) | 0.0637 (10) | −0.0003 (6) | 0.0094 (7) | 0.0088 (6) |
C15 | 0.0265 (7) | 0.0309 (7) | 0.0440 (8) | −0.0084 (6) | 0.0052 (6) | 0.0077 (6) |
C16 | 0.0207 (6) | 0.0326 (7) | 0.0369 (7) | 0.0014 (5) | 0.0054 (5) | 0.0052 (6) |
C17 | 0.0229 (6) | 0.0222 (6) | 0.0324 (7) | 0.0018 (5) | 0.0065 (5) | 0.0021 (5) |
C18 | 0.0229 (6) | 0.0244 (6) | 0.0190 (6) | −0.0019 (5) | 0.0044 (5) | −0.0019 (5) |
C19 | 0.0235 (6) | 0.0226 (6) | 0.0198 (6) | −0.0005 (5) | 0.0034 (5) | −0.0001 (5) |
C20 | 0.0293 (7) | 0.0288 (7) | 0.0347 (7) | −0.0012 (5) | 0.0092 (5) | 0.0063 (5) |
C21 | 0.0410 (8) | 0.0244 (6) | 0.0394 (8) | 0.0032 (6) | 0.0082 (6) | 0.0084 (6) |
C22 | 0.0302 (7) | 0.0292 (7) | 0.0284 (7) | 0.0100 (5) | 0.0006 (5) | 0.0004 (5) |
C23 | 0.0221 (6) | 0.0328 (7) | 0.0374 (7) | −0.0005 (5) | 0.0057 (5) | −0.0011 (6) |
C24 | 0.0255 (6) | 0.0225 (6) | 0.0333 (7) | −0.0015 (5) | 0.0059 (5) | 0.0020 (5) |
C25 | 0.0260 (6) | 0.0348 (7) | 0.0259 (7) | 0.0028 (5) | −0.0003 (5) | 0.0029 (5) |
C26 | 0.0436 (8) | 0.0419 (9) | 0.0395 (8) | −0.0017 (7) | −0.0094 (7) | −0.0002 (7) |
C27 | 0.0387 (7) | 0.0339 (7) | 0.0285 (7) | −0.0037 (6) | 0.0049 (6) | −0.0085 (6) |
C28 | 0.0374 (8) | 0.0470 (9) | 0.0280 (7) | −0.0011 (6) | 0.0041 (6) | −0.0037 (6) |
F1—C15 | 1.3555 (15) | C14—C15 | 1.378 (2) |
F2—C22 | 1.3571 (15) | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
O1—C11 | 1.2213 (14) | C15—C16 | 1.371 (2) |
O2—C18 | 1.2165 (15) | C16—C17 | 1.3799 (18) |
O3—C2 | 1.3680 (15) | C16—H16 | 0.9500 |
O3—C25 | 1.4385 (15) | C17—H17 | 0.9500 |
O4—C7 | 1.3662 (16) | C18—C19 | 1.4876 (16) |
O4—C27 | 1.4360 (16) | C19—C24 | 1.3909 (17) |
C1—C2 | 1.3831 (17) | C19—C20 | 1.3936 (18) |
C1—C9 | 1.4313 (17) | C20—C21 | 1.3833 (19) |
C1—C11 | 1.5100 (16) | C20—H20 | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.4107 (17) | C21—C22 | 1.377 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.3636 (19) | C21—H21 | 0.9500 |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C22—C23 | 1.3760 (19) |
C4—C10 | 1.4118 (18) | C23—C24 | 1.3852 (18) |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C23—H23 | 0.9500 |
C5—C6 | 1.3619 (19) | C24—H24 | 0.9500 |
C5—C10 | 1.4132 (18) | C25—C26 | 1.502 (2) |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C25—H25A | 0.9900 |
C6—C7 | 1.4118 (18) | C25—H25B | 0.9900 |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C26—H26A | 0.9800 |
C7—C8 | 1.3826 (17) | C26—H26B | 0.9800 |
C8—C9 | 1.4311 (17) | C26—H26C | 0.9800 |
C8—C18 | 1.5140 (16) | C27—C28 | 1.497 (2) |
C9—C10 | 1.4316 (17) | C27—H27A | 0.9900 |
C11—C12 | 1.4851 (16) | C27—H27B | 0.9900 |
C12—C17 | 1.3896 (17) | C28—H28A | 0.9800 |
C12—C13 | 1.3925 (18) | C28—H28B | 0.9800 |
C13—C14 | 1.3823 (19) | C28—H28C | 0.9800 |
C13—H13 | 0.9500 | ||
C2—O3—C25 | 118.36 (10) | C17—C16—H16 | 121.1 |
C7—O4—C27 | 118.57 (10) | C16—C17—C12 | 121.19 (12) |
C2—C1—C9 | 120.19 (11) | C16—C17—H17 | 119.4 |
C2—C1—C11 | 117.11 (10) | C12—C17—H17 | 119.4 |
C9—C1—C11 | 122.02 (10) | O2—C18—C19 | 121.48 (11) |
O3—C2—C1 | 115.60 (11) | O2—C18—C8 | 118.29 (11) |
O3—C2—C3 | 122.64 (11) | C19—C18—C8 | 120.23 (10) |
C1—C2—C3 | 121.63 (11) | C24—C19—C20 | 119.08 (11) |
C4—C3—C2 | 119.05 (11) | C24—C19—C18 | 122.33 (11) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.5 | C20—C19—C18 | 118.55 (11) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.5 | C21—C20—C19 | 120.72 (12) |
C3—C4—C10 | 121.66 (12) | C21—C20—H20 | 119.6 |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.2 | C19—C20—H20 | 119.6 |
C10—C4—H4 | 119.2 | C22—C21—C20 | 118.15 (12) |
C6—C5—C10 | 121.71 (12) | C22—C21—H21 | 120.9 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.1 | C20—C21—H21 | 120.9 |
C10—C5—H5 | 119.1 | F2—C22—C23 | 118.49 (12) |
C5—C6—C7 | 119.17 (12) | F2—C22—C21 | 118.31 (12) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.4 | C23—C22—C21 | 123.19 (12) |
C7—C6—H6 | 120.4 | C22—C23—C24 | 117.79 (12) |
O4—C7—C8 | 115.77 (11) | C22—C23—H23 | 121.1 |
O4—C7—C6 | 122.58 (11) | C24—C23—H23 | 121.1 |
C8—C7—C6 | 121.62 (12) | C23—C24—C19 | 121.07 (12) |
C7—C8—C9 | 119.92 (11) | C23—C24—H24 | 119.5 |
C7—C8—C18 | 116.83 (11) | C19—C24—H24 | 119.5 |
C9—C8—C18 | 122.57 (10) | O3—C25—C26 | 106.83 (11) |
C8—C9—C1 | 124.47 (11) | O3—C25—H25A | 110.4 |
C8—C9—C10 | 117.98 (11) | C26—C25—H25A | 110.4 |
C1—C9—C10 | 117.54 (11) | O3—C25—H25B | 110.4 |
C4—C10—C5 | 120.50 (11) | C26—C25—H25B | 110.4 |
C4—C10—C9 | 119.92 (11) | H25A—C25—H25B | 108.6 |
C5—C10—C9 | 119.57 (11) | C25—C26—H26A | 109.5 |
O1—C11—C12 | 121.09 (11) | C25—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
O1—C11—C1 | 118.14 (10) | H26A—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
C12—C11—C1 | 120.77 (9) | C25—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
C17—C12—C13 | 119.21 (11) | H26A—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
C17—C12—C11 | 122.03 (11) | H26B—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
C13—C12—C11 | 118.76 (11) | O4—C27—C28 | 106.82 (12) |
C14—C13—C12 | 120.36 (12) | O4—C27—H27A | 110.4 |
C14—C13—H13 | 119.8 | C28—C27—H27A | 110.4 |
C12—C13—H13 | 119.8 | O4—C27—H27B | 110.4 |
C15—C14—C13 | 118.29 (13) | C28—C27—H27B | 110.4 |
C15—C14—H14 | 120.9 | H27A—C27—H27B | 108.6 |
C13—C14—H14 | 120.9 | C27—C28—H28A | 109.5 |
F1—C15—C16 | 118.28 (12) | C27—C28—H28B | 109.5 |
F1—C15—C14 | 118.57 (12) | H28A—C28—H28B | 109.5 |
C16—C15—C14 | 123.15 (12) | C27—C28—H28C | 109.5 |
C15—C16—C17 | 117.80 (12) | H28A—C28—H28C | 109.5 |
C15—C16—H16 | 121.1 | H28B—C28—H28C | 109.5 |
C25—O3—C2—C1 | 162.02 (10) | C2—C1—C11—C12 | −70.49 (14) |
C25—O3—C2—C3 | −21.99 (16) | C9—C1—C11—C12 | 118.99 (12) |
C9—C1—C2—O3 | 176.08 (9) | O1—C11—C12—C17 | 179.27 (11) |
C11—C1—C2—O3 | 5.37 (15) | C1—C11—C12—C17 | −1.48 (17) |
C9—C1—C2—C3 | 0.05 (17) | O1—C11—C12—C13 | −0.57 (17) |
C11—C1—C2—C3 | −170.66 (10) | C1—C11—C12—C13 | 178.68 (11) |
O3—C2—C3—C4 | −175.76 (11) | C17—C12—C13—C14 | 0.9 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.01 (18) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −179.24 (13) |
C2—C3—C4—C10 | −0.45 (18) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.3 (2) |
C10—C5—C6—C7 | −0.46 (18) | C13—C14—C15—F1 | −179.95 (13) |
C27—O4—C7—C8 | −165.39 (11) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | −0.3 (2) |
C27—O4—C7—C6 | 12.87 (17) | F1—C15—C16—C17 | 179.97 (12) |
C5—C6—C7—O4 | −176.44 (11) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | 0.3 (2) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 1.72 (19) | C15—C16—C17—C12 | 0.31 (19) |
O4—C7—C8—C9 | 176.68 (10) | C13—C12—C17—C16 | −0.90 (19) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −1.59 (18) | C11—C12—C17—C16 | 179.25 (11) |
O4—C7—C8—C18 | 5.96 (16) | C7—C8—C18—O2 | 106.26 (13) |
C6—C7—C8—C18 | −172.32 (11) | C9—C8—C18—O2 | −64.20 (15) |
C7—C8—C9—C1 | −178.81 (11) | C7—C8—C18—C19 | −74.15 (14) |
C18—C8—C9—C1 | −8.64 (17) | C9—C8—C18—C19 | 115.39 (12) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 0.23 (16) | O2—C18—C19—C24 | 179.91 (11) |
C18—C8—C9—C10 | 170.41 (10) | C8—C18—C19—C24 | 0.33 (17) |
C2—C1—C9—C8 | 179.41 (11) | O2—C18—C19—C20 | 2.35 (18) |
C11—C1—C9—C8 | −10.35 (17) | C8—C18—C19—C20 | −177.23 (11) |
C2—C1—C9—C10 | 0.36 (16) | C24—C19—C20—C21 | −0.56 (19) |
C11—C1—C9—C10 | 170.60 (10) | C18—C19—C20—C21 | 177.08 (12) |
C3—C4—C10—C5 | 179.97 (11) | C19—C20—C21—C22 | 0.6 (2) |
C3—C4—C10—C9 | 0.86 (18) | C20—C21—C22—F2 | −178.65 (12) |
C6—C5—C10—C4 | −179.98 (12) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | 0.0 (2) |
C6—C5—C10—C9 | −0.87 (18) | F2—C22—C23—C24 | 178.07 (11) |
C8—C9—C10—C4 | −179.91 (10) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | −0.6 (2) |
C1—C9—C10—C4 | −0.80 (16) | C22—C23—C24—C19 | 0.60 (19) |
C8—C9—C10—C5 | 0.97 (16) | C20—C19—C24—C23 | −0.05 (19) |
C1—C9—C10—C5 | −179.92 (10) | C18—C19—C24—C23 | −177.59 (11) |
C2—C1—C11—O1 | 108.79 (12) | C2—O3—C25—C26 | −166.28 (11) |
C9—C1—C11—O1 | −61.74 (15) | C7—O4—C27—C28 | 171.67 (11) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C16—H16···O1i | 0.95 | 2.30 | 3.1939 (17) | 156 |
C23—H23···O2ii | 0.95 | 2.37 | 3.3214 (18) | 176 |
C6—H6···F1iii | 0.95 | 2.44 | 3.1937 (17) | 136 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1, y, z; (ii) x+1, y, z; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C28H22F2O4 |
Mr | 460.46 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 173 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.8592 (18), 21.243 (5), 13.941 (3) |
β (°) | 105.141 (3) |
V (Å3) | 2246.6 (9) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.10 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Rigaku Saturn70 |
Absorption correction | Numerical (NUMABS; Higashi, 1999) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.980, 0.980 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 14368, 3836, 3439 |
Rint | 0.031 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.595 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.036, 0.108, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 3836 |
No. of parameters | 309 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.20, −0.18 |
Computer programs: CrystalClear (Rigaku/MSC, 2006), Il Milione (Burla et al., 2007), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEPIII (Burnett & Johnson, 1996).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C16—H16···O1i | 0.95 | 2.30 | 3.1939 (17) | 156 |
C23—H23···O2ii | 0.95 | 2.37 | 3.3214 (18) | 176 |
C6—H6···F1iii | 0.95 | 2.44 | 3.1937 (17) | 136 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1, y, z; (ii) x+1, y, z; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to Associate Professor Hikaru Takaya and Professor Masaharu Nakamura, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, for their kind advice. This work was partially supported by the Collaborative Research Program of the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University (grant No. 2012–72).
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
In the course of our studies on the selective electrophilic aromatic aroylation of 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene, peri-aroylnaphthalene compounds have proved to be formed regioselectively with the aid of a suitable acidic mediator (Okamoto & Yonezawa, 2009; Okamoto et al., 2011). The two aroyl groups at the 1,8-positions of the naphthalene ring in the resulting compounds are attached in perpendicular fashion to the naphthalene ring and oriented in opposite direction. Recently, we have reported the X-ray crystal structures of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008), 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene [(2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,8-diyl)-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)dimethanone; Watanabe et al., 2010], and 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene [(8-benzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalen-1-yl)-(phenyl)methanone (Isogai et al., 2013). In the crystal of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008), the molecule lies across a crystallographic twofold axis so that the asymmetric unit contains one-half of the molecule. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring is 83.59 (5)°. In the case of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene (Isogai et al., 2013), the dihedral angles are 68.42 (5)° and 71.69 (5)°. On the other hand, two aroyl groups in 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Watanabe et al., 2010) are attached to the naphthalene ring with appreciably different dihedral angles of 66.88 (7)° and 88.09 (6)°.
In the crystal packing of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (Nakaema et al., 2008) and analogous compounds (Watanabe et al., 2010, Isogai et al., 2013), the molecules are linked by C—H···O hydrogen bonds between the benzene rings and the ketonic carbonyl groups forming a three-dimensional network. The distances are shorter in the order of 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (2.60 Å), 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl) analogue (2.55 Å), and the 2,7-diethoxy analogue (2.37 Å).
As a part of our continuous studies on the molecular structures of this kind of homologous molecules, the X-ray crystal structure of the title compound, 1,8-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene is discussed in this article.
In the molecule (Fig. 1), two aroyl groups are non-coplanarly attached to the naphthalene ring and are oriented in opposite direction. The dihedral angles between the planes of the benzene rings [C12—C17 and C19—C24] and the naphthalene ring system (C1—C10) are 70.00 (4)° and 67.28 (4)°, respectively. Besides, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 14.12 (7)°.
The molecular packing of the title compound is mainly stabilized by dual C—H···O hydrogen bonds between the benzene rings and the ketonic carbonyl groups along the a axis (C16—H16···O1i=2.30 Å and C23—H23···O2ii=2.37 Å; Table 1 and Fig. 2) and by C—H···F hydrogen bonds between the naphthalene rings and the fluorine atoms on the benzene rings (C6—H6···F1iii=2.44 Å; Table 1 and Fig. 3), resulting in the formation of molecular layers parallel to the ab plane. In addition, the layers interact through π–π interactions with centroid–centroid distances of 3.6115 (10) Å to form a three-dimensional structure.
The above mentioned results suggest that the title compound has similarities with 1,8-dibenzoyl-2,7-diethoxynaphthalene (Isogai et al., 2013) in the dihedral angles between the benzene rings and the naphthalene ring and the distance of the C—H···O hydrogen bond between the benzene ring and the ketonic carbonyl group.