metal-organic compounds
Bis{(Z)-[(E)-2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylidene)hydrazin-1-ylidene][(pyridin-2-yl)methylsulfanyl]methanethiolato}nickel(II)
aSchool of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia, bSchool of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia, cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, and dChemical Crystallography, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, England
*Correspondence e-mail: tengjin.khoo@nottingham.edu.my
The title compound, [Ni(C13H11N4S2)2], was obtained by the reaction of S-2-picolyldithiocarbazate and pyridine-2-carbaldehyde with nickel(II) acetate. The NiII atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and is bonded to four N atoms at distances of 2.037 (8) and 2.109 (9) Å, and to two S atoms at a distance of 2.406 (3) Å, leading to a distorted octahedral coordination. The angle between the mean planes of the coordinating moieties of the two symmetry-related tridentate ligands is 83.3 (2)°. In the crystal, complex molecules are linked by weak C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, π–π interactions between the pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.775 (9) Å] and C—H⋯π interactions. The hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to the formation of layers parallel to (010); π–π interactions link these layers into a three-dimensional network.
Related literature
For biological applications of Schiff base ligands and complexes derived from dithiocarbazates, see: Hossain et al. (1996); Tarafder et al. (2002); Crouse et al. (2004). For a related structure, see: Omar et al. (2012).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2001); cell DENZO/SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO/SCALEPACK; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003); molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536813013032/wm2742sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813013032/wm2742Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813013032/wm2742Isup3.mol
The nickel complex was synthesized according to a modified procedure reported by Crouse et al. (2004): 0.02 mole of S-picolyl dithiocarbazate were added to a beaker containing 40 ml of absolute ethanol followed by heating the mixture on a heating plate with constant stirring in order to ensure complete dissolving. Similarly, 0.02 mole of pyridine-2-carbaldehyde were dissolved in a separate beaker containing 40 ml of absolute ethanol followed by heating and stirring of the mixture. The reactants were later mixed and 2–4 drops of concentrated H2SO4 were added to the mixture followed by heating of the mixture for 5 minutes. The mixture was cooled to 273 K in an ice-bath until the precipitation of the Schiff base ligand was achieved, and this was followed by filtration of the precipitated Schiff base ligand via suction filtration, washing it with cold ethanol and drying over silica gel.
0.0076 mole of the synthesized Schiff base ligand were dissolved in 50 ml of absolute ethanol followed by the addition of an equimolar amount of KOH and the mixture was heated over a heating plate and stirred until the compounds had been completely dissolved. The solution was then treated with a stoichiometric amount of nickel(II) acetate (0.0038 moles) dissolved in 50 ml of absolute ethanol followed by heating for 5 minutes and then kept in an ice-salt bath. Finally, the obtained product was isolated via suction filtration, washed with ethanol and dried over silica gel.
The H atoms were all located in a difference map, but those attached to carbon atoms were repositioned geometrically. The H atoms were initially refined with soft restraints on the bond lengths and angles to regularize their geometry (C—H in the range 0.93–98 Å) and isotropic temperature factors (Uiso(H) in the range 1.2–1.5 times Ueq of the parent atom), after which the positions were refined with riding constraints.
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2001); cell
DENZO/SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO/SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003); molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound showing 50% probability displacement ellipsoids in addition to the atomic numbering scheme. Hydrogen atoms were omitted for clarity. The second ligand is related to the first by symmetry code x, -y, z + 1/2. | |
Fig. 2. The molecules in the structure are stabilized by intermolecular C—H···S hydrogen bonding interactions. Probability function as in Fig. 1. [Symmetry code: (ii) x, -y, z + 1/2.] | |
Fig. 3. The molecules in the structure are also linked by π···π interactions between pairs of pyridine rings with a centroid···centroid distance of 3.775 (9) Å. Probability function as in Fig. 1. [Symmetry code: 3/2 - x, 1/2 - y, 2 - z.] | |
Fig. 4. Diagram showing the C—H···π interaction between the molecules in the structure. Probability function as in Fig. 1. [Symmetry code: 1 - x, - y, 2 - z.] |
[Ni(C13H11N4S2)2] | F(000) = 1304 |
Mr = 633.49 | Dx = 1.590 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 3175 reflections |
a = 26.0501 (4) Å | θ = 1–27° |
b = 8.0057 (1) Å | µ = 1.08 mm−1 |
c = 13.0743 (2) Å | T = 150 K |
β = 103.8993 (9)° | Plate, dark green |
V = 2646.80 (7) Å3 | 0.04 × 0.03 × 0.02 mm |
Z = 4 |
Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer | 2066 reflections with I > 3σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.020 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.7° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (DENZO/SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) | h = −33→33 |
Tmin = 0.97, Tmax = 0.98 | k = −10→10 |
5912 measured reflections | l = −16→16 |
3030 independent reflections |
Refinement on F | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.121 | Method = Quasi-Unit weights W = 1.0 or 1./2F |
S = 1.08 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.000256 |
2066 reflections | Δρmax = 0.81 e Å−3 |
177 parameters | Δρmin = −0.74 e Å−3 |
0 restraints |
[Ni(C13H11N4S2)2] | V = 2646.80 (7) Å3 |
Mr = 633.49 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 26.0501 (4) Å | µ = 1.08 mm−1 |
b = 8.0057 (1) Å | T = 150 K |
c = 13.0743 (2) Å | 0.04 × 0.03 × 0.02 mm |
β = 103.8993 (9)° |
Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer | 3030 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (DENZO/SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) | 2066 reflections with I > 3σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.97, Tmax = 0.98 | Rint = 0.020 |
5912 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.121 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.08 | Δρmax = 0.81 e Å−3 |
2066 reflections | Δρmin = −0.74 e Å−3 |
177 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
H1 | 0.8234 | 0.1314 | 1.0674 | 0.0390* | |
H2 | 0.8039 | 0.3461 | 1.1740 | 0.0419* | |
H3 | 0.7243 | 0.3331 | 1.2252 | 0.0430* | |
H4 | 0.6648 | 0.1115 | 1.1674 | 0.0380* | |
H5 | 0.6999 | −0.2613 | 1.0830 | 0.0320* | |
H6 | 0.6483 | −0.1561 | 1.0864 | 0.0320* | |
H7 | 0.5288 | 0.1849 | 1.0417 | 0.0250* | |
H8 | 0.4519 | 0.3855 | 1.0530 | 0.0351* | |
H9 | 0.3830 | 0.5632 | 0.9638 | 0.0430* | |
H10 | 0.3638 | 0.5694 | 0.7768 | 0.0412* | |
H11 | 0.4110 | 0.4002 | 0.6869 | 0.0369* | |
C1 | 0.7910 (4) | 0.1272 (16) | 1.0890 (8) | 0.0279 | |
C2 | 0.7800 (5) | 0.2562 (16) | 1.1526 (9) | 0.0301 | |
C3 | 0.7328 (5) | 0.2491 (16) | 1.1824 (9) | 0.0304 | |
C4 | 0.6977 (4) | 0.1170 (16) | 1.1487 (8) | 0.0266 | |
C5 | 0.7126 (4) | −0.0081 (14) | 1.0863 (7) | 0.0204 | |
C6 | 0.6789 (4) | −0.1619 (14) | 1.0548 (8) | 0.0229 | |
C7 | 0.5986 (4) | −0.0675 (13) | 0.8762 (8) | 0.0197 | |
C8 | 0.5162 (4) | 0.1936 (13) | 0.9682 (7) | 0.0177 | |
C9 | 0.4708 (4) | 0.2967 (13) | 0.9196 (7) | 0.0178 | |
C10 | 0.4431 (4) | 0.3919 (15) | 0.9783 (8) | 0.0243 | |
C11 | 0.4023 (4) | 0.4963 (15) | 0.9253 (9) | 0.0281 | |
C12 | 0.3908 (4) | 0.4991 (15) | 0.8152 (9) | 0.0284 | |
C13 | 0.4192 (4) | 0.3980 (16) | 0.7618 (8) | 0.0253 | |
S1 | 0.65548 (10) | −0.1902 (4) | 0.9126 (2) | 0.0223 | |
S2 | 0.56873 (11) | −0.0826 (4) | 0.7438 (2) | 0.0273 | |
N1 | 0.7591 (3) | −0.0039 (12) | 1.0560 (7) | 0.0250 | |
N2 | 0.5828 (3) | 0.0209 (11) | 0.9494 (6) | 0.0185 | |
N3 | 0.5379 (3) | 0.1138 (11) | 0.9056 (6) | 0.0168 | |
N4 | 0.4582 (3) | 0.2990 (11) | 0.8126 (6) | 0.0196 | |
Ni1 | 0.5000 | 0.1151 (3) | 0.7500 | 0.0172 |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.019 (5) | 0.037 (7) | 0.026 (5) | −0.004 (5) | 0.002 (4) | 0.004 (5) |
C2 | 0.027 (6) | 0.032 (6) | 0.028 (6) | −0.007 (5) | 0.000 (5) | −0.001 (5) |
C3 | 0.025 (6) | 0.034 (6) | 0.029 (6) | 0.004 (5) | 0.002 (5) | −0.012 (5) |
C4 | 0.022 (5) | 0.034 (6) | 0.023 (5) | 0.002 (5) | 0.005 (4) | −0.006 (5) |
C5 | 0.019 (5) | 0.024 (5) | 0.015 (4) | 0.004 (4) | −0.002 (4) | 0.005 (4) |
C6 | 0.022 (5) | 0.026 (6) | 0.018 (5) | 0.001 (4) | −0.001 (4) | 0.004 (4) |
C7 | 0.019 (5) | 0.017 (5) | 0.020 (5) | −0.002 (4) | 0.000 (4) | 0.000 (4) |
C8 | 0.022 (5) | 0.020 (5) | 0.010 (4) | −0.002 (4) | 0.001 (4) | −0.002 (4) |
C9 | 0.019 (5) | 0.016 (5) | 0.018 (5) | 0.000 (4) | 0.004 (4) | 0.000 (4) |
C10 | 0.026 (5) | 0.025 (6) | 0.023 (5) | −0.005 (5) | 0.007 (4) | −0.002 (5) |
C11 | 0.025 (5) | 0.026 (6) | 0.035 (6) | −0.002 (5) | 0.012 (5) | −0.005 (5) |
C12 | 0.021 (5) | 0.025 (6) | 0.039 (6) | 0.003 (5) | 0.005 (5) | 0.004 (5) |
C13 | 0.022 (5) | 0.031 (6) | 0.021 (5) | 0.004 (5) | 0.002 (4) | 0.002 (5) |
S1 | 0.0207 (12) | 0.0238 (14) | 0.0197 (12) | 0.0040 (11) | −0.0003 (9) | −0.0014 (11) |
S2 | 0.0276 (14) | 0.0357 (17) | 0.0145 (11) | 0.0112 (12) | −0.0026 (10) | −0.0066 (11) |
N1 | 0.019 (4) | 0.032 (5) | 0.023 (4) | 0.005 (4) | 0.003 (3) | −0.001 (4) |
N2 | 0.018 (4) | 0.019 (4) | 0.016 (4) | 0.002 (4) | −0.001 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
N3 | 0.017 (4) | 0.018 (4) | 0.014 (4) | −0.001 (4) | 0.002 (3) | −0.002 (3) |
N4 | 0.019 (4) | 0.023 (5) | 0.016 (4) | 0.001 (4) | 0.003 (3) | 0.001 (4) |
Ni1 | 0.0172 (9) | 0.0210 (10) | 0.0120 (8) | 0.0000 | 0.0007 (6) | 0.0000 |
H1—C1 | 0.952 | C5—N1 | 1.361 (13) |
H2—C2 | 0.948 | C6—S1 | 1.826 (10) |
H3—C3 | 0.936 | C7—S1 | 1.746 (10) |
H4—C4 | 0.949 | C7—S2 | 1.723 (10) |
H5—C6 | 0.986 | C7—N2 | 1.333 (13) |
H6—C6 | 0.982 | C8—C9 | 1.458 (14) |
H7—C8 | 0.940 | C8—N3 | 1.272 (13) |
H8—C10 | 0.949 | C9—C10 | 1.398 (14) |
H9—C11 | 0.956 | C9—N4 | 1.358 (12) |
H10—C12 | 0.944 | C10—C11 | 1.399 (16) |
H11—C13 | 0.951 | C11—C12 | 1.398 (16) |
C1—C2 | 1.397 (17) | C12—C13 | 1.392 (16) |
C1—N1 | 1.345 (15) | C13—N4 | 1.335 (13) |
C2—C3 | 1.377 (16) | S2—Ni1 | 2.406 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.398 (17) | N2—N3 | 1.388 (11) |
C4—C5 | 1.404 (15) | N3—Ni1 | 2.037 (8) |
C5—C6 | 1.512 (15) | N4—Ni1 | 2.109 (9) |
H1—C1—C2 | 118.2 | H9—C11—C12 | 121.5 |
H1—C1—N1 | 117.1 | C10—C11—C12 | 118.0 (10) |
C2—C1—N1 | 124.6 (10) | C11—C12—H10 | 120.4 |
H2—C2—C1 | 121.6 | C11—C12—C13 | 119.9 (10) |
H2—C2—C3 | 120.9 | H10—C12—C13 | 119.7 |
C1—C2—C3 | 117.5 (11) | H11—C13—C12 | 119.4 |
H3—C3—C2 | 119.8 | H11—C13—N4 | 118.5 |
H3—C3—C4 | 120.0 | C12—C13—N4 | 122.0 (10) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.2 (11) | C6—S1—C7 | 105.2 (5) |
H4—C4—C3 | 121.2 | C7—S2—Ni1 | 94.6 (4) |
H4—C4—C5 | 120.7 | C5—N1—C1 | 116.8 (9) |
C3—C4—C5 | 118.1 (10) | C7—N2—N3 | 111.3 (8) |
C4—C5—C6 | 121.0 (9) | N2—N3—C8 | 117.6 (8) |
C4—C5—N1 | 122.8 (10) | N2—N3—Ni1 | 124.9 (6) |
C6—C5—N1 | 116.1 (9) | C8—N3—Ni1 | 117.2 (7) |
C5—C6—H5 | 108.8 | C9—N4—C13 | 119.1 (9) |
C5—C6—H6 | 108.9 | C9—N4—Ni1 | 111.8 (7) |
H5—C6—H6 | 108.4 | C13—N4—Ni1 | 128.7 (7) |
C5—C6—S1 | 114.1 (7) | N4—Ni1—N4i | 91.5 (5) |
H5—C6—S1 | 107.4 | N4—Ni1—S2 | 158.4 (2) |
H6—C6—S1 | 109.1 | N4i—Ni1—S2 | 89.4 (2) |
S1—C7—S2 | 112.5 (6) | N4—Ni1—S2i | 89.4 (2) |
S1—C7—N2 | 119.4 (7) | N4i—Ni1—S2i | 158.4 (2) |
S2—C7—N2 | 128.0 (8) | S2—Ni1—S2i | 97.72 (17) |
H7—C8—C9 | 122.4 | N4—Ni1—N3 | 77.7 (3) |
H7—C8—N3 | 121.3 | N4i—Ni1—N3 | 102.7 (3) |
C9—C8—N3 | 116.3 (8) | S2—Ni1—N3 | 81.0 (2) |
C8—C9—C10 | 122.7 (9) | S2i—Ni1—N3 | 98.6 (2) |
C8—C9—N4 | 115.2 (9) | N4—Ni1—N3i | 102.7 (3) |
C10—C9—N4 | 122.1 (9) | N4i—Ni1—N3i | 77.7 (3) |
H8—C10—C9 | 120.4 | S2—Ni1—N3i | 98.6 (2) |
H8—C10—C11 | 120.6 | S2i—Ni1—N3i | 81.0 (2) |
C9—C10—C11 | 119.0 (10) | N3—Ni1—N3i | 179.4 (5) |
H9—C11—C10 | 120.5 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, y, −z+3/2. |
Cg is the centroid of the pyridine ring (C9–C13/N4). |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C8—H7···S2ii | 0.94 | 2.72 | 3.644 (9) | 166 |
C4—H4···S2ii | 0.95 | 2.92 | 3.862 (11) | 175 |
C6—H6···Cgiii | 0.98 | 2.98 | 3.750 (12) | 136 |
Symmetry codes: (ii) x, −y, z+1/2; (iii) −x+1, −y, −z+2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Ni(C13H11N4S2)2] |
Mr | 633.49 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 150 |
a, b, c (Å) | 26.0501 (4), 8.0057 (1), 13.0743 (2) |
β (°) | 103.8993 (9) |
V (Å3) | 2646.80 (7) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.08 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.04 × 0.03 × 0.02 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (DENZO/SCALEPACK; Otwinowski & Minor, 1997) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.97, 0.98 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 3σ(I)] reflections | 5912, 3030, 2066 |
Rint | 0.020 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.045, 0.121, 1.08 |
No. of reflections | 2066 |
No. of parameters | 177 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.81, −0.74 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 2001), DENZO/SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994), CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Cg is the centroid of the pyridine ring (C9–C13/N4). |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C8—H7···S2i | 0.94 | 2.72 | 3.644 (9) | 166 |
C4—H4···S2i | 0.95 | 2.92 | 3.862 (11) | 175 |
C6—H6···Cgii | 0.98 | 2.98 | 3.750 (12) | 136 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y, z+1/2; (ii) −x+1, −y, −z+2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE) under FRGS (F0010.54.02) for providing a grant for this study.
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
In the last few decades an increasing interest in the potential benefits of dithiocarbazates has arisen which has led to the synthesis of several Schiff base ligands and complexes that can be derived from dithiocarbazates (Tarafder et al., 2002; Hossain et al., 1996). S-2-picolyl dithiocarbazate (S2PDTC) is one type of a dithiocarbazate compound that has been synthesized recently, and its Schiff bases and complexes have proven to possess antimicrobial and anticancer activities (Crouse et al., 2004). Due to these potential medicinal properties of S2PDTC-derived Schiff bases and complexes, the title compound was synthesized and structurally analyzed.
The NiII atom is situated on a twofold rotation axis and is bonded to four nitrogen atoms [Ni—N3 = 2.037 (8) Å; Ni—N4 = 2.109 (9) Å] and two sulfur atoms [Ni—S2 = 2.406 (3) Å] in a distorted octahedral coordination environment as exemplified by the angle N4—Ni1—S2 = 158.4 (2)° (Fig. 1). The bond length of C7—S2 is 1.723 (10) Å, similar to that of C7—S1 of 1.746 (10) Å, which indicates that the ligand bonds to the NiII ion in its thiol tautomer via the deprotonated S atoms.
The angle between the mean plane defined by (Ni1—S2—C7—N2—N3—N4—C8) and that of the symmetry-related ligand is 83.3 (2)° which shows that the two ligands are nearly orthogonal to each other. The Ni—N bond lengths of the title complex are very similar to that of a previously reported related structure (Omar et al., 2012) [2.013 (2) Å for Ni—N, 2.179 (2) Å for Ni—N where this N atom belongs to the pyridine ring; 2.426 (7) Å for Ni—S] which might indicate that the values of such bond lengths are typical of nickel(II) complexes derived from dithiocarbazates. The pyridine ring (C1—C2—C3—C4—C5—N1) is nearly perpendicular to the rest of the molecule with a torsion angle of C5—C6—S1—C7 = 84.0 (8)°.
The molecules in the crystal are stabilized by weak intermolecular C—H···S hydrogen bonding interactions (Table 1; Fig. 2). Moreover, the pyridine rings (C1—C2—C3—C4—C5—N1) at (x, y, z) and (3/2 - x, 1/2 - y, 2 - z) are stacked parallel to each other and form π···π interactions (Fig. 3) with a centroid-centroid separation of 3.775 (9) Å and a shift distance of 1.878 (17) Å while the distance between the planes of the rings is 3.275 (12) Å. There are also C—H···π interactions (Table 1; Fig. 4).