organic compounds
4-Methyl-5-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
aCallaghan Innovation Research Limited, PO Box 31-310, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
*Correspondence e-mail: g.gainsford@irl.cri.nz
Molecules of the potential non-linear optical title compound, C13H9N3O3, form dimeric stacks of molecules along the a axis cross-linked around inversion centers by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak (phenyl)C—H⋯O intermolecular interactions, forming a `collaboration' of R22(8) and R22(16) ring motifs. The molecules are then further linked by weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N interactions into sheets parallel to (121).
Related literature
For hydrogen-bonding motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For chemical synthesis literature, see: Shrestha-Dawadi & Lugtenburg (2007). For background literature, see: Bert et al. (2006); Colin et al. (2002); Hasan et al. (2012); Stephen et al. (2011); Tarek et al. (2013). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2011); cell CrysAlis PRO; data reduction: CrysAlis PRO; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2012 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813017066/jj2169sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813017066/jj2169Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536813017066/jj2169Isup3.cml
A mixture of 3-cyano-4-methyl-3-pyrrolin-2-one (Shrestha-Dawadi & Lugtenburg, 2007) (1.0 g), 4-nitro benzaldehyde (1.6 g), sodium acetate (1.8 g) and acetic acid (50 ml) was refluxed for 3 h. under an inert atmosphere. The mixture was stirred overnight, and cooled to 0° C. The resultant precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with cold hexanes to yield the pure chromophore 4-methyl-5-(4-nitro-benzylidene)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole- 3-carbonitrile (1.2 g, 57%) as a yellow solid. Crystals were grown by slow evaporation of an acetone solution. m.p. 277–80° C.
Eight high angle outlier reflection identified by large (Fc2-Fo2)/σ(Fo2) ratios (>4) were OMITted from the dataset.
The methyl H atoms were constrained to an ideal geometry (C—H = 0.98 Å) with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C), but were allowed to rotate freely about the adjacent C—C bond. All other H atoms were placed in geometrically idealized positions and constrained to ride on their parent atoms with C—H distances of 0.95 Å and N1—H 0 0.88 Å and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C,N).
Oxopyrroles and their analogues are the key intermediate for many biologically active compounds (Shrestha-Dawadi & Lugtenburg, 2007) and pigments (Colin et al., 2002). Many studies have been dedicated to the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of oxopyrroles (Tarek et al., 2013; Hasan et al. 2012; Bert et al., 2006) to improve their features. Structural modification has been carried out on the oxypyrrole ring through the introduction of a thiophene ring (Stephen et al., 2011) as an efficient donor and as a precursor for use in organic solar cells. Structural modification via the incorporation of an electron-withdrawing group has not been reported.
As a part of our efforts to develop donor-π-acceptor molecules for non-linear optical devices, we have synthesized the title compound in which the oxopyrrole nitrile analogue acts as donor and the nitro group is the acceptor linked by a phenyl-methylene bridge. The molecule crystallizes with one independent molecule in the (Fig. 1). The 1H-pyrole ring is planar with maximum deviation out of plane of 0.018 (2) Å for C2; it makes an angle of 33.99 (9)° with the planar phenyl ring (C8–C13). The nitro group is further twisted by 5.24 (10)° from the latter ring in response to a hydrogen bond interaction with O2. There are few related structures reported and none with linking 5- and 6-membered rings (Allen, 2002; CSD Version 5.34, with Nov 2012 updates).
The molecules form dimers utilizing N—H···O hydrogen bonds about inversion centers of symmetry, packing into approximate planes parallel to the (1,-2,0) plane (Fig. 2). This interaction is further stabilized by weak phenyl(C9)–H ···O1 intermolecular interactions between the adjacent dimers, producing an overall packing "collaboration" of R22(8) and R22(16) ring motifs (Bernstein et al., 1995). Other three-dimensional cross-links are provided by chain interactions (not shown in Fig. 2) with weak phenylC–H···O and phenylC–H···N intermolecular contacts (Table 1), linling the molecules into sheets parallel to the (121) plane. .
For hydrogen-bonding motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For chemical synthesis literature, see: Shrestha-Dawadi & Lugtenburg (2007). For background literature, see: Bert et al. (2006); Colin et al. (2002); Hasan et al. (2012); Stephen et al. (2011); Tarek et al. (2013). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2011); cell
CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2011); data reduction: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2011); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2012 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 in WinGX (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. Asymmetric unit atoms for (I) with ellipsoid probability of 50% for non-hydrogen atoms. | |
Fig. 2. Packing diagram of (I) viewed along the a axis. Intermolecular contacts are shown as blue dotted lines. Symmetry: (i) -1 + x, y, z (ii) 1 - x, 1 - y, 1 - z (iii) 1 - x, -1/2 + y, 1/2 - z. |
C13H9N3O3 | Z = 4 |
Mr = 255.23 | F(000) = 528 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Dx = 1.405 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å |
a = 3.7456 (2) Å | µ = 0.86 mm−1 |
b = 14.9193 (9) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 21.6077 (17) Å | Needle, yellow |
β = 92.273 (7)° | 0.44 × 0.05 × 0.03 mm |
V = 1206.52 (14) Å3 |
Agilent SuperNova (Dual, Cu at zero, Atlas) diffractometer | 2283 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1941 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.042 |
Detector resolution: 10.6501 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 70.0°, θmin = 3.6° |
ω scans | h = −4→4 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Agilent, 2011) | k = −17→18 |
Tmin = 0.633, Tmax = 1.000 | l = −26→18 |
7096 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.139 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0824P)2 + 0.3085P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2283 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
173 parameters | Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.25 e Å−3 |
C13H9N3O3 | V = 1206.52 (14) Å3 |
Mr = 255.23 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Cu Kα radiation |
a = 3.7456 (2) Å | µ = 0.86 mm−1 |
b = 14.9193 (9) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 21.6077 (17) Å | 0.44 × 0.05 × 0.03 mm |
β = 92.273 (7)° |
Agilent SuperNova (Dual, Cu at zero, Atlas) diffractometer | 2283 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Agilent, 2011) | 1941 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.633, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.042 |
7096 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.139 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 |
2283 reflections | Δρmin = −0.25 e Å−3 |
173 parameters |
Experimental. Absorption correction: CrysAlisPro, Agilent Technologies, Version 1.171.35.19 (release 27-10-2011 CrysAlis171 .NET) (compiled Oct 27 2011,15:02:11) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm. (MNa)+ m/z 278.0540; C13H9N3O3 requires (MNa)+ m/z 278.0542). 1H NMR (500 MHz, d6-DMSO) 2.46 (s, 3H, CH3), 6.84 (s, 1H, CH), 7.88 (d, 2H, J = 4.9 Hz, ArH), 8.25 (d, 2H, J = 4.9 Hz, ArH), 10.91 (s, 1H, NH). 13C NMR (75 MHz, d6 –DMSO) 12.3, 105.9, 112.7, 113.4, 123.9, 130.9, 138.2, 139.9, 146.7, 161.7, 166.9. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.8538 (3) | 0.44087 (8) | 0.56486 (6) | 0.0277 (3) | |
O2 | 0.9729 (4) | 0.64031 (9) | 0.18759 (7) | 0.0452 (4) | |
O3 | 1.1572 (4) | 0.52825 (10) | 0.13455 (7) | 0.0453 (4) | |
N1 | 0.7576 (4) | 0.40243 (9) | 0.46186 (7) | 0.0243 (3) | |
H1 | 0.8491 | 0.4502 | 0.4446 | 0.029* | |
N2 | 0.3889 (4) | 0.24706 (12) | 0.63898 (9) | 0.0403 (4) | |
N3 | 1.0168 (4) | 0.55927 (10) | 0.17993 (8) | 0.0323 (4) | |
C1 | 0.7387 (4) | 0.39026 (11) | 0.52376 (8) | 0.0236 (4) | |
C2 | 0.5581 (4) | 0.30283 (11) | 0.53143 (9) | 0.0253 (4) | |
C3 | 0.4940 (4) | 0.26523 (11) | 0.47533 (8) | 0.0252 (4) | |
C4 | 0.6126 (4) | 0.32905 (11) | 0.42854 (8) | 0.0246 (4) | |
C5 | 0.4693 (5) | 0.27012 (11) | 0.59072 (9) | 0.0283 (4) | |
C6 | 0.3332 (5) | 0.17567 (11) | 0.46080 (9) | 0.0296 (4) | |
H6A | 0.1407 | 0.1825 | 0.4291 | 0.044* | |
H6B | 0.2362 | 0.1501 | 0.4984 | 0.044* | |
H6C | 0.5171 | 0.1356 | 0.4454 | 0.044* | |
C7 | 0.5892 (4) | 0.31806 (11) | 0.36711 (8) | 0.0264 (4) | |
H7 | 0.4945 | 0.2624 | 0.3527 | 0.032* | |
C8 | 0.6925 (4) | 0.38178 (11) | 0.31925 (8) | 0.0256 (4) | |
C9 | 0.6636 (4) | 0.47494 (11) | 0.32720 (9) | 0.0268 (4) | |
H9 | 0.5724 | 0.4981 | 0.3644 | 0.032* | |
C10 | 0.7663 (5) | 0.53323 (11) | 0.28161 (9) | 0.0283 (4) | |
H10 | 0.7463 | 0.5962 | 0.2869 | 0.034* | |
C11 | 0.8990 (4) | 0.49794 (12) | 0.22809 (8) | 0.0276 (4) | |
C12 | 0.9235 (5) | 0.40627 (12) | 0.21750 (9) | 0.0287 (4) | |
H12 | 1.0116 | 0.3838 | 0.1799 | 0.034* | |
C13 | 0.8157 (5) | 0.34892 (12) | 0.26339 (8) | 0.0285 (4) | |
H13 | 0.8255 | 0.2860 | 0.2569 | 0.034* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0363 (6) | 0.0202 (6) | 0.0267 (7) | −0.0029 (5) | 0.0031 (5) | −0.0007 (5) |
O2 | 0.0724 (10) | 0.0219 (7) | 0.0415 (9) | −0.0063 (6) | 0.0049 (7) | 0.0049 (6) |
O3 | 0.0579 (9) | 0.0402 (8) | 0.0392 (9) | 0.0065 (7) | 0.0202 (7) | 0.0088 (7) |
N1 | 0.0314 (7) | 0.0158 (7) | 0.0258 (8) | −0.0023 (5) | 0.0032 (6) | 0.0007 (6) |
N2 | 0.0449 (9) | 0.0378 (9) | 0.0387 (11) | −0.0049 (7) | 0.0067 (8) | 0.0095 (8) |
N3 | 0.0379 (8) | 0.0273 (8) | 0.0315 (9) | −0.0017 (6) | 0.0015 (7) | 0.0049 (7) |
C1 | 0.0264 (7) | 0.0178 (8) | 0.0268 (9) | 0.0020 (6) | 0.0036 (6) | 0.0007 (7) |
C2 | 0.0278 (8) | 0.0184 (8) | 0.0300 (10) | 0.0014 (6) | 0.0054 (7) | 0.0025 (7) |
C3 | 0.0268 (8) | 0.0179 (8) | 0.0313 (10) | 0.0005 (6) | 0.0048 (7) | 0.0010 (7) |
C4 | 0.0283 (8) | 0.0168 (8) | 0.0289 (9) | 0.0012 (6) | 0.0045 (7) | 0.0001 (7) |
C5 | 0.0311 (8) | 0.0196 (8) | 0.0342 (11) | −0.0010 (6) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0024 (7) |
C6 | 0.0348 (8) | 0.0188 (8) | 0.0356 (10) | −0.0040 (7) | 0.0060 (7) | −0.0009 (7) |
C7 | 0.0296 (8) | 0.0179 (8) | 0.0320 (10) | −0.0005 (6) | 0.0041 (7) | −0.0014 (7) |
C8 | 0.0256 (7) | 0.0230 (8) | 0.0280 (10) | −0.0008 (6) | 0.0003 (7) | −0.0004 (7) |
C9 | 0.0285 (8) | 0.0231 (9) | 0.0290 (10) | 0.0015 (6) | 0.0038 (7) | −0.0033 (7) |
C10 | 0.0332 (8) | 0.0197 (8) | 0.0318 (10) | 0.0006 (7) | 0.0000 (7) | −0.0001 (7) |
C11 | 0.0289 (8) | 0.0253 (9) | 0.0285 (10) | −0.0012 (7) | 0.0014 (7) | 0.0035 (8) |
C12 | 0.0336 (8) | 0.0256 (9) | 0.0272 (10) | 0.0031 (7) | 0.0043 (7) | −0.0007 (7) |
C13 | 0.0365 (9) | 0.0206 (8) | 0.0287 (10) | 0.0018 (7) | 0.0027 (7) | −0.0019 (7) |
O1—C1 | 1.231 (2) | C6—H6B | 0.9800 |
O2—N3 | 1.232 (2) | C6—H6C | 0.9800 |
O3—N3 | 1.222 (2) | C7—C8 | 1.468 (2) |
N1—C1 | 1.354 (2) | C7—H7 | 0.9500 |
N1—C4 | 1.407 (2) | C8—C13 | 1.398 (2) |
N1—H1 | 0.8800 | C8—C9 | 1.405 (2) |
N2—C5 | 1.149 (3) | C9—C10 | 1.380 (2) |
N3—C11 | 1.467 (2) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
C1—C2 | 1.482 (2) | C10—C11 | 1.381 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.349 (3) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
C2—C5 | 1.423 (3) | C11—C12 | 1.390 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.470 (2) | C12—C13 | 1.382 (3) |
C3—C6 | 1.494 (2) | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C4—C7 | 1.337 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C6—H6A | 0.9800 | ||
C1—N1—C4 | 111.50 (14) | H6A—C6—H6C | 109.5 |
C1—N1—H1 | 124.3 | H6B—C6—H6C | 109.5 |
C4—N1—H1 | 124.3 | C4—C7—C8 | 127.68 (16) |
O3—N3—O2 | 122.93 (16) | C4—C7—H7 | 116.2 |
O3—N3—C11 | 118.96 (15) | C8—C7—H7 | 116.2 |
O2—N3—C11 | 118.11 (16) | C13—C8—C9 | 118.82 (16) |
O1—C1—N1 | 126.85 (15) | C13—C8—C7 | 119.10 (15) |
O1—C1—C2 | 127.44 (16) | C9—C8—C7 | 122.06 (16) |
N1—C1—C2 | 105.70 (15) | C10—C9—C8 | 120.73 (16) |
C3—C2—C5 | 128.83 (16) | C10—C9—H9 | 119.6 |
C3—C2—C1 | 109.36 (15) | C8—C9—H9 | 119.6 |
C5—C2—C1 | 121.80 (16) | C9—C10—C11 | 118.51 (16) |
C2—C3—C4 | 107.50 (15) | C9—C10—H10 | 120.7 |
C2—C3—C6 | 128.09 (16) | C11—C10—H10 | 120.7 |
C4—C3—C6 | 124.41 (16) | C10—C11—C12 | 122.76 (16) |
C7—C4—N1 | 127.73 (15) | C10—C11—N3 | 118.99 (16) |
C7—C4—C3 | 126.41 (16) | C12—C11—N3 | 118.24 (16) |
N1—C4—C3 | 105.85 (15) | C13—C12—C11 | 117.89 (16) |
N2—C5—C2 | 176.98 (19) | C13—C12—H12 | 121.1 |
C3—C6—H6A | 109.5 | C11—C12—H12 | 121.1 |
C3—C6—H6B | 109.5 | C12—C13—C8 | 121.21 (16) |
H6A—C6—H6B | 109.5 | C12—C13—H13 | 119.4 |
C3—C6—H6C | 109.5 | C8—C13—H13 | 119.4 |
C4—N1—C1—O1 | 177.31 (15) | C3—C4—C7—C8 | 177.49 (16) |
C4—N1—C1—C2 | −1.53 (17) | C4—C7—C8—C13 | 148.90 (18) |
O1—C1—C2—C3 | −175.91 (16) | C4—C7—C8—C9 | −32.6 (3) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 2.92 (18) | C13—C8—C9—C10 | −2.2 (3) |
O1—C1—C2—C5 | 5.4 (3) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | 179.34 (16) |
N1—C1—C2—C5 | −175.75 (15) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.2 (3) |
C5—C2—C3—C4 | 175.48 (16) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | 1.9 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −3.06 (18) | C9—C10—C11—N3 | −178.58 (16) |
C5—C2—C3—C6 | −4.5 (3) | O3—N3—C11—C10 | 174.92 (17) |
C1—C2—C3—C6 | 176.91 (15) | O2—N3—C11—C10 | −4.3 (3) |
C1—N1—C4—C7 | −179.52 (16) | O3—N3—C11—C12 | −5.6 (3) |
C1—N1—C4—C3 | −0.25 (18) | O2—N3—C11—C12 | 175.26 (17) |
C2—C3—C4—C7 | −178.61 (16) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −1.2 (3) |
C6—C3—C4—C7 | 1.4 (3) | N3—C11—C12—C13 | 179.27 (16) |
C2—C3—C4—N1 | 2.11 (18) | C11—C12—C13—C8 | −1.3 (3) |
C6—C3—C4—N1 | −177.87 (15) | C9—C8—C13—C12 | 2.9 (3) |
N1—C4—C7—C8 | −3.4 (3) | C7—C8—C13—C12 | −178.56 (16) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O1i | 0.88 | 1.98 | 2.8256 (18) | 159 |
C9—H9···O1ii | 0.95 | 2.43 | 3.336 (2) | 159 |
C12—H12···N2iii | 0.95 | 2.59 | 3.374 (3) | 141 |
C13—H13···O2iv | 0.95 | 2.58 | 3.372 (2) | 141 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (iii) x+1, −y+1/2, z−1/2; (iv) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C13H9N3O3 |
Mr | 255.23 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 120 |
a, b, c (Å) | 3.7456 (2), 14.9193 (9), 21.6077 (17) |
β (°) | 92.273 (7) |
V (Å3) | 1206.52 (14) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Cu Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.86 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.44 × 0.05 × 0.03 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Agilent SuperNova (Dual, Cu at zero, Atlas) |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Agilent, 2011) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.633, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7096, 2283, 1941 |
Rint | 0.042 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.609 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.048, 0.139, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 2283 |
No. of parameters | 173 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.25, −0.25 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2011), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL2012 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 in WinGX (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O1i | 0.88 | 1.98 | 2.8256 (18) | 159 |
C9—H9···O1ii | 0.95 | 2.43 | 3.336 (2) | 159 |
C12—H12···N2iii | 0.95 | 2.59 | 3.374 (3) | 141 |
C13—H13···O2iv | 0.95 | 2.58 | 3.372 (2) | 141 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (iii) x+1, −y+1/2, z−1/2; (iv) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr J. Wikaira of the University of Canterbury for the data collection.
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Oxopyrroles and their analogues are the key intermediate for many biologically active compounds (Shrestha-Dawadi & Lugtenburg, 2007) and pigments (Colin et al., 2002). Many studies have been dedicated to the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of oxopyrroles (Tarek et al., 2013; Hasan et al. 2012; Bert et al., 2006) to improve their features. Structural modification has been carried out on the oxypyrrole ring through the introduction of a thiophene ring (Stephen et al., 2011) as an efficient donor and as a precursor for use in organic solar cells. Structural modification via the incorporation of an electron-withdrawing group has not been reported.
As a part of our efforts to develop donor-π-acceptor molecules for non-linear optical devices, we have synthesized the title compound in which the oxopyrrole nitrile analogue acts as donor and the nitro group is the acceptor linked by a phenyl-methylene bridge. The molecule crystallizes with one independent molecule in the asymmetric unit (Fig. 1). The 1H-pyrole ring is planar with maximum deviation out of plane of 0.018 (2) Å for C2; it makes an angle of 33.99 (9)° with the planar phenyl ring (C8–C13). The nitro group is further twisted by 5.24 (10)° from the latter ring in response to a hydrogen bond interaction with O2. There are few related structures reported and none with linking 5- and 6-membered rings (Allen, 2002; CSD Version 5.34, with Nov 2012 updates).
The molecules form dimers utilizing N—H···O hydrogen bonds about inversion centers of symmetry, packing into approximate planes parallel to the (1,-2,0) plane (Fig. 2). This interaction is further stabilized by weak phenyl(C9)–H ···O1 intermolecular interactions between the adjacent dimers, producing an overall packing "collaboration" of R22(8) and R22(16) ring motifs (Bernstein et al., 1995). Other three-dimensional cross-links are provided by chain interactions (not shown in Fig. 2) with weak phenylC–H···O and phenylC–H···N intermolecular contacts (Table 1), linling the molecules into sheets parallel to the (121) plane. .