organic compounds
Pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate–4-nitrophenol (1/2)
aSri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Irungattukottai 602 117, Sriperumbudur Taluk, Tamilnadu, India, bDepartment of Physics, Anna University, Adyar, Chennai 600 025, Tamilnadu, India, and cCentre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
*Correspondence e-mail: shirai2011@gmail.com
In the title compound, C5H9NO2·2C6H5NO3, the pyrrolidine ring of the pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate zwitterion adopts a twisted conformation on the –CH2—CH2– bond adjacent to the N atom. The mean plane of this pyrrolidine ring forms dihedral angles of 25.3 (3) and 32.1 (3)° with the two nitrophenol rings. An intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs in the pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate molecule. In the crystal, molecules are linked via O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, enclosing R32(8) ring motifs, forming chains running parallel to the a axis. These chains are further cross-linked by O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming undulating two-dimensional networks lying parallel to (001).
CCDC reference: 954997
Related literature
For the use of nitro-aromatics as intermediates in explosives, dyestuffs, pesticides and organic synthesis, see: Yan et al. (2006). For the occurrence of nitro-aromatics in industrial wastes and as direct pollutants in the environment, see: Yan et al. (2006); Soojhawon et al. (2005). For ring puckering analysis, see: Cremer & Pople (1975).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 954997
10.1107/S1600536813028742/su2657sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813028742/su2657Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813028742/su2657Isup3.cml
An equimolar (1:1:1) ratio of pyrrolidine carboxylic acid and para-nitrophenol were added to distilled water as solvent and the mixture stirred for 1 h, giving a clear solution. The solution was filtered into a clean beaker and sealed with parafilm and kept at room temperature for three days, after which block-like colourless crystals suitable for X-ray
were obtained.The NH H-atoms were located in difference electron-density maps and refined with distance restraints: N-H = 0.92 (2) Å. The OH and C-bound H-atoms were included in calculated positions and treated as riding atoms: O-H = 0.82 Å, C-H = 0.93, 0.97 and 0.98 Å for CH(aromatic), CH2, and CH(methine) H-atoms, respectively, with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C-methyl and O), and = 1.2Ueq(C) for other H-atoms. In the final cycles of
in the absence of significant effects, 1490 Friedel pairs were merged and Δf '' set to zero.Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, with atom labelling. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. The crystal packing of the title compound viewed along the c axis. The hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines (see Table 1 for details; H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding have been excluded for clarity). |
C5H9NO2·2C6H5NO3 | F(000) = 824 |
Mr = 393.35 | Dx = 1.414 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 3572 reflections |
a = 5.9045 (3) Å | θ = 2.4–25.9° |
b = 15.6099 (7) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
c = 20.0424 (9) Å | T = 293 K |
V = 1847.28 (15) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.35 × 0.25 × 0.25 mm |
Bruker SMART APEXII area-detector diffractometer | 3572 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2987 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.029 |
ω and ϕ scans | θmax = 25.9°, θmin = 2.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | h = −7→7 |
Tmin = 0.961, Tmax = 0.972 | k = −17→19 |
17765 measured reflections | l = −23→24 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0434P)2 + 0.2454P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3572 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
261 parameters | Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3 |
2 restraints | Δρmin = −0.15 e Å−3 |
C5H9NO2·2C6H5NO3 | V = 1847.28 (15) Å3 |
Mr = 393.35 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.9045 (3) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
b = 15.6099 (7) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 20.0424 (9) Å | 0.35 × 0.25 × 0.25 mm |
Bruker SMART APEXII area-detector diffractometer | 3572 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | 2987 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.961, Tmax = 0.972 | Rint = 0.029 |
17765 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | 2 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3 |
3572 reflections | Δρmin = −0.15 e Å−3 |
261 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.7666 (9) | 0.5876 (3) | 0.5668 (3) | 0.0468 (13) | |
C2 | 0.6897 (10) | 0.5897 (3) | 0.6313 (3) | 0.0502 (13) | |
H2 | 0.7673 | 0.5610 | 0.6649 | 0.060* | |
C3 | 0.4946 (9) | 0.6351 (3) | 0.6455 (2) | 0.0469 (12) | |
H3 | 0.4380 | 0.6362 | 0.6887 | 0.056* | |
C4 | 0.3835 (9) | 0.6789 (3) | 0.5951 (2) | 0.0455 (12) | |
C5 | 0.4649 (11) | 0.6750 (4) | 0.5306 (3) | 0.0556 (15) | |
H5 | 0.3892 | 0.7039 | 0.4967 | 0.067* | |
C6 | 0.6561 (11) | 0.6291 (4) | 0.5163 (3) | 0.0552 (14) | |
H6 | 0.7103 | 0.6262 | 0.4728 | 0.066* | |
C7 | 0.7088 (10) | 0.3784 (3) | 0.4091 (3) | 0.0491 (13) | |
C8 | 0.8784 (10) | 0.3384 (4) | 0.4433 (3) | 0.0518 (14) | |
H8 | 1.0042 | 0.3175 | 0.4207 | 0.062* | |
C9 | 0.8621 (9) | 0.3292 (3) | 0.5114 (3) | 0.0474 (12) | |
H9 | 0.9778 | 0.3028 | 0.5352 | 0.057* | |
C10 | 0.6715 (8) | 0.3596 (3) | 0.5440 (2) | 0.0404 (11) | |
C11 | 0.5015 (10) | 0.3997 (4) | 0.5088 (3) | 0.0508 (13) | |
H11 | 0.3744 | 0.4202 | 0.5311 | 0.061* | |
C12 | 0.5193 (11) | 0.4094 (4) | 0.4411 (3) | 0.0549 (14) | |
H12 | 0.4051 | 0.4364 | 0.4171 | 0.066* | |
C13 | 1.0014 (8) | 0.7956 (3) | 0.7647 (2) | 0.0421 (12) | |
C14 | 0.7877 (8) | 0.8049 (3) | 0.7237 (2) | 0.0401 (12) | |
H14 | 0.7464 | 0.7489 | 0.7054 | 0.048* | |
C15 | 0.5588 (13) | 0.9273 (4) | 0.7485 (4) | 0.0726 (19) | |
H15A | 0.6620 | 0.9654 | 0.7718 | 0.087* | |
H15B | 0.4042 | 0.9442 | 0.7583 | 0.087* | |
C16 | 0.8030 (11) | 0.8693 (5) | 0.6673 (3) | 0.0729 (19) | |
H16A | 0.9432 | 0.9014 | 0.6702 | 0.087* | |
H16B | 0.7977 | 0.8404 | 0.6245 | 0.087* | |
C17 | 0.6028 (15) | 0.9278 (5) | 0.6752 (4) | 0.094 (3) | |
H17A | 0.6379 | 0.9851 | 0.6596 | 0.113* | |
H17B | 0.4729 | 0.9063 | 0.6507 | 0.113* | |
N1 | 0.9739 (9) | 0.5403 (3) | 0.5517 (3) | 0.0627 (13) | |
N2 | 0.7296 (12) | 0.3891 (4) | 0.3376 (3) | 0.0710 (16) | |
N3 | 0.5998 (7) | 0.8362 (3) | 0.7673 (2) | 0.0465 (11) | |
O1 | 1.0691 (9) | 0.5029 (3) | 0.5975 (3) | 0.0833 (15) | |
O2 | 1.0428 (9) | 0.5400 (3) | 0.4942 (3) | 0.0866 (15) | |
O3 | 0.1964 (7) | 0.7261 (3) | 0.60652 (19) | 0.0642 (12) | |
H3C | 0.1632 | 0.7234 | 0.6462 | 0.096* | |
O4 | 0.8932 (11) | 0.3577 (4) | 0.3096 (2) | 0.0953 (18) | |
O5 | 0.5857 (13) | 0.4289 (4) | 0.3074 (3) | 0.119 (2) | |
O6 | 0.6447 (6) | 0.3513 (3) | 0.61037 (16) | 0.0571 (10) | |
H6A | 0.7548 | 0.3265 | 0.6262 | 0.086* | |
O7 | 1.1759 (6) | 0.7746 (3) | 0.73339 (18) | 0.0570 (10) | |
O8 | 0.9884 (7) | 0.8096 (3) | 0.82530 (17) | 0.0648 (12) | |
H3A | 0.653 (11) | 0.832 (4) | 0.811 (3) | 0.064 (17)* | |
H3B | 0.470 (11) | 0.804 (5) | 0.760 (4) | 0.10 (3)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.045 (3) | 0.038 (3) | 0.057 (3) | −0.005 (2) | 0.004 (2) | −0.007 (3) |
C2 | 0.050 (3) | 0.046 (3) | 0.055 (3) | −0.004 (3) | −0.008 (3) | 0.004 (3) |
C3 | 0.048 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.039 (3) | −0.003 (3) | 0.002 (2) | 0.001 (2) |
C4 | 0.043 (3) | 0.050 (3) | 0.044 (3) | −0.002 (2) | −0.001 (2) | −0.003 (2) |
C5 | 0.064 (4) | 0.064 (4) | 0.039 (3) | 0.009 (3) | −0.001 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
C6 | 0.063 (4) | 0.057 (3) | 0.045 (3) | −0.001 (3) | 0.010 (3) | −0.006 (3) |
C7 | 0.067 (4) | 0.046 (3) | 0.034 (3) | −0.007 (3) | 0.001 (2) | −0.002 (2) |
C8 | 0.051 (3) | 0.055 (3) | 0.049 (3) | 0.002 (3) | 0.014 (3) | −0.008 (3) |
C9 | 0.040 (3) | 0.054 (3) | 0.047 (3) | 0.006 (2) | −0.002 (2) | −0.003 (3) |
C10 | 0.037 (3) | 0.049 (3) | 0.036 (2) | −0.004 (2) | 0.000 (2) | −0.004 (2) |
C11 | 0.043 (3) | 0.061 (3) | 0.049 (3) | 0.009 (3) | 0.003 (2) | −0.001 (3) |
C12 | 0.056 (4) | 0.057 (3) | 0.051 (3) | 0.008 (3) | −0.013 (3) | 0.006 (3) |
C13 | 0.031 (2) | 0.055 (3) | 0.040 (3) | −0.002 (2) | 0.003 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
C14 | 0.028 (2) | 0.057 (3) | 0.035 (2) | 0.001 (2) | 0.0025 (19) | −0.005 (2) |
C15 | 0.066 (4) | 0.064 (4) | 0.087 (5) | 0.013 (3) | 0.014 (4) | −0.005 (4) |
C16 | 0.058 (4) | 0.104 (5) | 0.057 (4) | 0.017 (4) | 0.015 (3) | 0.022 (4) |
C17 | 0.076 (5) | 0.103 (6) | 0.104 (6) | 0.025 (4) | 0.020 (4) | 0.046 (5) |
N1 | 0.051 (3) | 0.049 (3) | 0.088 (4) | −0.005 (2) | 0.006 (3) | −0.012 (3) |
N2 | 0.103 (5) | 0.067 (4) | 0.042 (3) | −0.013 (3) | 0.004 (3) | −0.001 (3) |
N3 | 0.030 (2) | 0.068 (3) | 0.041 (2) | 0.004 (2) | 0.0055 (18) | 0.002 (2) |
O1 | 0.065 (3) | 0.075 (3) | 0.110 (4) | 0.019 (2) | −0.008 (3) | −0.001 (3) |
O2 | 0.074 (3) | 0.092 (3) | 0.094 (4) | 0.011 (3) | 0.028 (3) | −0.012 (3) |
O3 | 0.055 (2) | 0.089 (3) | 0.048 (2) | 0.022 (2) | 0.0020 (19) | 0.000 (2) |
O4 | 0.135 (5) | 0.101 (4) | 0.050 (3) | −0.013 (4) | 0.030 (3) | −0.009 (3) |
O5 | 0.158 (6) | 0.145 (6) | 0.052 (3) | 0.023 (5) | −0.014 (4) | 0.028 (3) |
O6 | 0.042 (2) | 0.092 (3) | 0.0365 (19) | 0.003 (2) | 0.0030 (16) | 0.0015 (19) |
O7 | 0.0301 (18) | 0.089 (3) | 0.052 (2) | 0.0065 (19) | 0.0028 (16) | −0.010 (2) |
O8 | 0.042 (2) | 0.113 (4) | 0.039 (2) | 0.005 (2) | −0.0036 (17) | −0.015 (2) |
C1—C6 | 1.368 (8) | C13—O8 | 1.237 (6) |
C1—C2 | 1.369 (8) | C13—O7 | 1.250 (6) |
C1—N1 | 1.461 (8) | C13—C14 | 1.512 (7) |
C2—C3 | 1.382 (8) | C14—N3 | 1.493 (6) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C14—C16 | 1.514 (8) |
C3—C4 | 1.385 (7) | C14—H14 | 0.9800 |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C15—N3 | 1.491 (8) |
C4—O3 | 1.347 (6) | C15—C17 | 1.493 (11) |
C4—C5 | 1.380 (7) | C15—H15A | 0.9700 |
C5—C6 | 1.367 (8) | C15—H15B | 0.9700 |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C16—C17 | 1.502 (10) |
C6—H6 | 0.9300 | C16—H16A | 0.9700 |
C7—C8 | 1.364 (8) | C16—H16B | 0.9700 |
C7—C12 | 1.377 (8) | C17—H17A | 0.9700 |
C7—N2 | 1.449 (7) | C17—H17B | 0.9700 |
C8—C9 | 1.375 (7) | N1—O2 | 1.223 (7) |
C8—H8 | 0.9300 | N1—O1 | 1.225 (7) |
C9—C10 | 1.385 (7) | N2—O5 | 1.213 (8) |
C9—H9 | 0.9300 | N2—O4 | 1.219 (8) |
C10—O6 | 1.347 (6) | N3—H3A | 0.94 (6) |
C10—C11 | 1.377 (7) | N3—H3B | 0.93 (5) |
C11—C12 | 1.370 (7) | O3—H3C | 0.8200 |
C11—H11 | 0.9300 | O6—H6A | 0.8200 |
C12—H12 | 0.9300 | ||
C6—C1—C2 | 121.9 (5) | N3—C14—C13 | 109.5 (4) |
C6—C1—N1 | 119.0 (5) | N3—C14—C16 | 105.3 (4) |
C2—C1—N1 | 119.0 (5) | C13—C14—C16 | 114.8 (5) |
C1—C2—C3 | 118.8 (5) | N3—C14—H14 | 109.0 |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.6 | C13—C14—H14 | 109.0 |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.6 | C16—C14—H14 | 109.0 |
C2—C3—C4 | 119.9 (5) | N3—C15—C17 | 102.9 (5) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.1 | N3—C15—H15A | 111.2 |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.1 | C17—C15—H15A | 111.2 |
O3—C4—C5 | 118.0 (5) | N3—C15—H15B | 111.2 |
O3—C4—C3 | 122.3 (5) | C17—C15—H15B | 111.2 |
C5—C4—C3 | 119.8 (5) | H15A—C15—H15B | 109.1 |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.4 (5) | C17—C16—C14 | 106.1 (5) |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.8 | C17—C16—H16A | 110.5 |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.8 | C14—C16—H16A | 110.5 |
C5—C6—C1 | 119.1 (5) | C17—C16—H16B | 110.5 |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.4 | C14—C16—H16B | 110.5 |
C1—C6—H6 | 120.4 | H16A—C16—H16B | 108.7 |
C8—C7—C12 | 121.6 (5) | C15—C17—C16 | 103.7 (6) |
C8—C7—N2 | 119.2 (6) | C15—C17—H17A | 111.0 |
C12—C7—N2 | 119.3 (6) | C16—C17—H17A | 111.0 |
C7—C8—C9 | 119.7 (5) | C15—C17—H17B | 111.0 |
C7—C8—H8 | 120.2 | C16—C17—H17B | 111.0 |
C9—C8—H8 | 120.2 | H17A—C17—H17B | 109.0 |
C8—C9—C10 | 119.2 (5) | O2—N1—O1 | 123.5 (6) |
C8—C9—H9 | 120.4 | O2—N1—C1 | 118.5 (6) |
C10—C9—H9 | 120.4 | O1—N1—C1 | 118.0 (6) |
O6—C10—C11 | 117.6 (5) | O5—N2—O4 | 122.1 (6) |
O6—C10—C9 | 121.9 (5) | O5—N2—C7 | 119.5 (6) |
C11—C10—C9 | 120.5 (4) | O4—N2—C7 | 118.4 (6) |
C12—C11—C10 | 120.1 (5) | C15—N3—C14 | 106.6 (4) |
C12—C11—H11 | 120.0 | C15—N3—H3A | 111 (4) |
C10—C11—H11 | 120.0 | C14—N3—H3A | 106 (4) |
C11—C12—C7 | 119.0 (5) | C15—N3—H3B | 110 (5) |
C11—C12—H12 | 120.5 | C14—N3—H3B | 110 (5) |
C7—C12—H12 | 120.5 | H3A—N3—H3B | 112 (6) |
O8—C13—O7 | 126.2 (5) | C4—O3—H3C | 109.5 |
O8—C13—C14 | 117.7 (4) | C10—O6—H6A | 109.5 |
O7—C13—C14 | 116.1 (4) | ||
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.0 (8) | O8—C13—C14—N3 | 3.8 (7) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 179.4 (5) | O7—C13—C14—N3 | −176.0 (5) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.4 (8) | O8—C13—C14—C16 | 121.9 (6) |
C2—C3—C4—O3 | −178.1 (5) | O7—C13—C14—C16 | −57.8 (7) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 1.7 (8) | N3—C14—C16—C17 | −7.9 (7) |
O3—C4—C5—C6 | 179.0 (5) | C13—C14—C16—C17 | −128.4 (6) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.8 (8) | N3—C15—C17—C16 | −39.1 (8) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.5 (9) | C14—C16—C17—C15 | 29.2 (8) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.9 (9) | C6—C1—N1—O2 | 0.4 (8) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −178.5 (5) | C2—C1—N1—O2 | −179.0 (5) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −0.7 (9) | C6—C1—N1—O1 | −179.3 (5) |
N2—C7—C8—C9 | 178.9 (5) | C2—C1—N1—O1 | 1.3 (7) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 1.0 (8) | C8—C7—N2—O5 | −175.9 (6) |
C8—C9—C10—O6 | 179.1 (5) | C12—C7—N2—O5 | 3.7 (9) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.9 (8) | C8—C7—N2—O4 | 3.9 (8) |
O6—C10—C11—C12 | −179.6 (5) | C12—C7—N2—O4 | −176.5 (6) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.3 (8) | C17—C15—N3—C14 | 34.8 (7) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | 0.1 (9) | C13—C14—N3—C15 | 107.3 (5) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | 0.1 (9) | C16—C14—N3—C15 | −16.6 (6) |
N2—C7—C12—C11 | −179.5 (5) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3A···O8 | 0.94 (6) | 2.03 (6) | 2.606 (6) | 118 (5) |
N3—H3B···O7i | 0.93 (5) | 1.87 (6) | 2.766 (6) | 160 (7) |
O3—H3C···O7i | 0.82 | 1.92 | 2.656 (5) | 148 |
O6—H6A···O8ii | 0.82 | 1.82 | 2.604 (5) | 159 |
C11—H11···O1i | 0.93 | 2.59 | 3.503 (8) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1, y, z; (ii) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3A···O8 | 0.94 (6) | 2.03 (6) | 2.606 (6) | 118 (5) |
N3—H3B···O7i | 0.93 (5) | 1.87 (6) | 2.766 (6) | 160 (7) |
O3—H3C···O7i | 0.82 | 1.92 | 2.656 (5) | 148 |
O6—H6A···O8ii | 0.82 | 1.82 | 2.604 (5) | 159 |
C11—H11···O1i | 0.93 | 2.59 | 3.503 (8) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1, y, z; (ii) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the TBI X-ray facility, CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, India, for the data collection. TS also thanks DST Inspire for financial assistance.
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Nitro-aromatics are widely used either as materials or as intermediates in explosives, dyestuffs, pesticides and organic synthesis (Yan et al., 2006). They also occur as industrial wastes and direct pollutants in the environment. They are relatively soluble in water and detectable in rivers, ponds and soil (Yan et al., 2006; Soojhawon et al., 2005).
The title compound was synthesized by mixing eqimolar amounts of pyrrolidine carboxylic acid and para-nitrophenol in water. The crystals obtained were found to be composed of one molecule of pyrrolidinium-2-carboxylate, in the zwitterion form, and two molecules of para-nitrophenol, Fig. 1. The pyrrolidine ring (N3/C14-C17) adopts a twisted conformation on bond C17-C15, with puckering parameters (Cremer & Pople, 1975) q2 = 0.373 (7) Å and ϕ2 = 312.3 (11)°. The hydroxy group O atoms, O3 and O6, deviate slightly by -0.0380 (3) and 0.0160 (5) Å, respectively, from the mean planes of the benzene rings to which they are attached, (C1–C6) and (C7–C12).
The mean plane of the pyrrolidine ring (N3/C14-C17) forms dihedral angles of 25.3 (3)° and 32.1 (3)° with the nitro-phenol rings (C1-C6) and (C7-C12), respectively.
In the crystal, molecules are linked via O—H···O and N—H···O intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds (Table 1 and Fig. 2), with R32(8) ring motifs, forming chains running parallel to the a axis. These chains are further cross-linked by O—H···O and C—H···O hydrogen bond forming undulating two-dimensional networks lying parallel to the ab plane (Table 1 and Fig. 2).