organic compounds
1-Piperonylpiperazinium picrate
aDepartment of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India, and bDepartment of Chemistry, Keene State College, 229 Main Street, Keene, NH 03435-2001, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: jjasinski@keene.edu
In the cation of the title salt [systematic name: 4-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-ium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate], C12H17N2O2+·C6H2N3O7−, the piperazine ring adopts a slightly disordered chair conformation. The piperonyl ring system and the piperazine ring are twisted with respect to each other with an N—C—C—C torsion angle of 40.7 (2)°. In the anion, the dihedral angles between the mean planes of the nitro substituents ortho to the phenolate O atom and the mean plane of the phenyl ring are 28.8 (9) and 32.2 (8)°. In contrast, the nitro group in the para position lies much closer to the aromatic ring plane, subtending a dihedral angle of 3.0 (1)°. In the crystal, the cations and anions interact through N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and a weak C—H⋯O interaction. Weak C—H⋯O interactions are also observed between the anions, forming R22(10) graph-set ring motifs. In addition, a weak centroid–centroid π–π stacking interaction between the aromatic rings of the cation and the anion, with an intercentroid distance of 3.7471 (9) Å, contributes to the crystal packing, resulting in a two-dimensional network along (10-1).
CCDC reference: 982733
Related literature
For pharmaceutical applications of the title cation, see: Millan et al. (2001) and for the pharmacological and toxicological uses of piperazine derivatives, see: Brockunier et al. (2004); Bogatcheva et al. (2006); Choudhary et al. (2006); Elliott (2011); Kharb et al. (2012). For a related structure, see: Capuano et al. (2000). For puckering parameters, see: Cremer & Pople (1975) and for standard bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2012); cell CrysAlis PRO; data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Agilent, 2012); program(s) used to solve structure: SUPERFLIP (Palatinus & Chapuis, 2007); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2012 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: OLEX2.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 982733
10.1107/S1600536814001524/sj5385sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814001524/sj5385Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814001524/sj5385Isup3.cml
1-piperonylpiperazine ( 2.2g, 0.01 mol) and picric acid (2.29 g, 0.01 mol), were dissolved in hot N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred for 10 mins at 323 K. The resulting solution was allowed to cool slowly at room temperature. Crystals of the title salt appeared after a few days (m. p: 463-468K).
H2AA and H2AB were located in a difference map and refined isotropically. All of the other H atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using the riding model with C—H bond lengths of 0.95Å (CH) or 0.99Å (CH2). Isotropic displacement parameters for these atoms were set to 1.2 (CH, CH2) times Ueq of the parent atom.
1-(3,4-Methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine or 1-piperonylpiperazine is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine class and is used to synthesise the drug, piribedil, an antiparkinsonian agent (Millan et al., 2001). The piperazine moiety is extensively employed to construct various bioactive molecules with anti-bacterial or antimalarial activity and as antipsychotic agents (Choudhary et al., 2006). A valuable insight into recent advances on antimicrobial activity of piperazine derivatives is provided by Kharb et al., (2012). Piperazines are among the most important building blocks in today's drug discovery and are found in biologically active compounds across a number of different therapeutic areas (Brockunier et al., 2004; Bogatcheva et al. , 2006). A review on the current pharmacological and toxicological information for piperazine derivatives is available (Elliott, 2011). The
of an N-piperonyl analogue of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine (Capuano et al., 2000) has been reported. In view of the above importance of piperonylpiperazines, this paper reports the of the title salt, (I), C12H17N2O2+. C6H2N3O7-.The θ, and φ = 0.5877 (18)Å, 2.28 (16) ° and 6(5) °; (Cremer & Pople, 1975). The piperonyl ring system and the piperazine rings are twisted with respect to each other with an N1A/C1A/C2A/C8A torsion angle of 40.7 (2)°. In the anion, the dihedral angles between the mean planes of the nitro substituents ortho to the phenolate O atom and the mean plane of the phenyl ring are 28.8 (9)° (C6B/N3B/O7B/O6B) and 32.2 (8)°(N1B/O3B/O2B/C2B), respectively. In contrast, the nitro group in the para position lies much closer to the aromatic ring plane, subtending dihedral angles of 3.0 (1)°. Bond lengths are in normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987). In the crystal, the cations and anions interact through intermolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonds and a weak C3B—H3B···O3B intermolecular interaction (Fig.2). Weak C—H···O intermolecular interactions are also observed between adjacent anions forming R22(10) graph set ring motifs. In addition, a weak Cg3–Cg5 π–π stacking interaction with an intercentroid distance of 3.7471 (9)Å (symmetry operation x, y, z; Cg3 and Cg5 are the centroids of the C2A–C8A and C1B–C6B rings respectively) contribute to the crystal packing resulting in a 2D network along (1 0 -1).
of the title salt, (I), C12H17N2O2+ . C6H2N3O7-, consists of a monoprotonated 1-piperonylpiperazinium cation and a picrate anion (Fig.1). In the cation, the piperazine ring adopts a slightly disordered chair conformation (puckering parameters Q,For pharmaceutical applications of the title cation, see: Millan et al. (2001) and for the pharmacological and toxicological uses of piperazine derivatives, see: Brockunier et al. (2004); Bogatcheva et al. (2006); Choudhary et al. (2006); Elliott (2011); Kharb et al. (2012). For a related structure, see: Capuano et al. (2000). For puckering parameters, see: Cremer & Pople (1975) and for standard bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).
Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2012); cell
CrysAlis PRO (Agilent, 2012); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Agilent, 2012); program(s) used to solve structure: SUPERFLIP (Palatinus & Chapuis, 2007); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2012 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009).Fig. 1. ORTEP drawing of (I) (C12H17N2O2+. C6H2N3O7-) showing the labeling scheme with 50% probability displacement ellipsoids. | |
Fig. 2. Molecular packing for (I) viewed along the c axis. Dashed lines indicate N—H···O intermolecular hydrogen bonds and weak C—H···O intermolecular interactions. H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding have been removed for clarity. |
C12H17N2O2+·C6H2N3O7− | F(000) = 936 |
Mr = 449.38 | Dx = 1.518 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.5418 Å |
a = 12.0864 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 4971 reflections |
b = 6.96981 (11) Å | θ = 3.7–72.4° |
c = 23.4898 (4) Å | µ = 1.06 mm−1 |
β = 96.5141 (17)° | T = 173 K |
V = 1965.99 (6) Å3 | Irregular, dark yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.48 × 0.24 × 0.22 mm |
Agilent Gemini EOS diffractometer | 3837 independent reflections |
Radiation source: Enhance (Cu) X-ray Source | 3316 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Detector resolution: 16.0416 pixels mm-1 | Rint = 0.033 |
ω scans | θmax = 72.5°, θmin = 3.8° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO and CrysAlis RED; Agilent, 2012) | h = −13→14 |
Tmin = 0.761, Tmax = 1.000 | k = −6→8 |
12154 measured reflections | l = −28→28 |
Refinement on F2 | Hydrogen site location: mixed |
Least-squares matrix: full | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0679P)2 + 0.5476P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
wR(F2) = 0.121 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.29 e Å−3 |
3837 reflections | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
298 parameters | Extinction correction: SHELXL, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
0 restraints | Extinction coefficient: 0.0016 (2) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
C12H17N2O2+·C6H2N3O7− | V = 1965.99 (6) Å3 |
Mr = 449.38 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Cu Kα radiation |
a = 12.0864 (2) Å | µ = 1.06 mm−1 |
b = 6.96981 (11) Å | T = 173 K |
c = 23.4898 (4) Å | 0.48 × 0.24 × 0.22 mm |
β = 96.5141 (17)° |
Agilent Gemini EOS diffractometer | 3837 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO and CrysAlis RED; Agilent, 2012) | 3316 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.761, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.033 |
12154 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.121 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.29 e Å−3 |
3837 reflections | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
298 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1B | 0.84597 (9) | 0.58513 (17) | 0.47124 (5) | 0.0352 (3) | |
O2B | 0.77598 (13) | 0.8599 (2) | 0.53866 (6) | 0.0578 (4) | |
O3B | 0.64101 (13) | 1.01645 (19) | 0.49224 (7) | 0.0570 (4) | |
O4B | 0.32910 (10) | 0.61289 (19) | 0.42367 (6) | 0.0463 (3) | |
O5B | 0.35919 (10) | 0.34651 (18) | 0.38117 (6) | 0.0461 (3) | |
O6B | 0.73947 (12) | 0.1561 (2) | 0.36561 (7) | 0.0598 (4) | |
O7B | 0.85686 (11) | 0.2174 (2) | 0.43946 (7) | 0.0571 (4) | |
N1B | 0.69547 (12) | 0.8710 (2) | 0.50202 (6) | 0.0372 (3) | |
N2B | 0.39201 (11) | 0.4894 (2) | 0.40823 (6) | 0.0331 (3) | |
N3B | 0.76868 (11) | 0.2469 (2) | 0.40934 (6) | 0.0372 (3) | |
C1B | 0.74326 (12) | 0.5605 (2) | 0.45716 (6) | 0.0274 (3) | |
C2B | 0.66022 (13) | 0.6984 (2) | 0.46929 (6) | 0.0285 (3) | |
C3B | 0.54835 (13) | 0.6790 (2) | 0.45310 (6) | 0.0286 (3) | |
H3B | 0.4975 | 0.7755 | 0.4621 | 0.034* | |
C4B | 0.51081 (12) | 0.5151 (2) | 0.42331 (6) | 0.0277 (3) | |
C5B | 0.58320 (13) | 0.3750 (2) | 0.40867 (6) | 0.0283 (3) | |
H5B | 0.5563 | 0.2651 | 0.3875 | 0.034* | |
C6B | 0.69516 (12) | 0.3982 (2) | 0.42543 (6) | 0.0288 (3) | |
O1A | 0.46181 (10) | 0.97115 (18) | 0.33755 (6) | 0.0418 (3) | |
O2A | 0.31610 (10) | 0.78306 (19) | 0.29640 (6) | 0.0478 (3) | |
N1A | 0.49795 (10) | 0.22233 (18) | 0.18479 (5) | 0.0281 (3) | |
N2A | 0.45154 (12) | 0.0793 (2) | 0.07075 (6) | 0.0403 (4) | |
C1A | 0.57171 (13) | 0.2789 (2) | 0.23569 (7) | 0.0335 (4) | |
H1AA | 0.6493 | 0.2816 | 0.2260 | 0.040* | |
H1AB | 0.5676 | 0.1805 | 0.2658 | 0.040* | |
C2A | 0.54431 (13) | 0.4722 (2) | 0.25959 (6) | 0.0293 (3) | |
C3A | 0.63089 (12) | 0.5898 (2) | 0.28273 (7) | 0.0314 (3) | |
H3A | 0.7054 | 0.5514 | 0.2798 | 0.038* | |
C4A | 0.61191 (13) | 0.7628 (2) | 0.31028 (7) | 0.0320 (3) | |
H4A | 0.6714 | 0.8418 | 0.3265 | 0.038* | |
C5A | 0.50268 (13) | 0.8118 (2) | 0.31260 (6) | 0.0303 (3) | |
C6A | 0.34372 (15) | 0.9629 (3) | 0.32388 (9) | 0.0469 (5) | |
H6AA | 0.3181 | 1.0701 | 0.2980 | 0.056* | |
H6AB | 0.3068 | 0.9741 | 0.3592 | 0.056* | |
C7A | 0.41608 (13) | 0.6991 (2) | 0.28819 (7) | 0.0320 (3) | |
C8A | 0.43308 (13) | 0.5274 (2) | 0.26208 (7) | 0.0316 (3) | |
H8A | 0.3727 | 0.4495 | 0.2464 | 0.038* | |
C9A | 0.51724 (14) | 0.0216 (2) | 0.17120 (7) | 0.0342 (4) | |
H9AA | 0.5076 | −0.0591 | 0.2050 | 0.041* | |
H9AB | 0.5947 | 0.0056 | 0.1621 | 0.041* | |
C10A | 0.43710 (14) | −0.0439 (3) | 0.12078 (8) | 0.0403 (4) | |
H10A | 0.4521 | −0.1794 | 0.1117 | 0.048* | |
H10B | 0.3596 | −0.0343 | 0.1303 | 0.048* | |
C11A | 0.43605 (16) | 0.2859 (3) | 0.08385 (8) | 0.0441 (4) | |
H11A | 0.3584 | 0.3089 | 0.0917 | 0.053* | |
H11B | 0.4505 | 0.3653 | 0.0505 | 0.053* | |
C12A | 0.51592 (14) | 0.3411 (2) | 0.13567 (7) | 0.0356 (4) | |
H12A | 0.5935 | 0.3251 | 0.1268 | 0.043* | |
H12B | 0.5049 | 0.4777 | 0.1451 | 0.043* | |
H2AA | 0.522 (2) | 0.062 (3) | 0.0623 (9) | 0.053 (6)* | |
H2AB | 0.403 (2) | 0.044 (3) | 0.0403 (10) | 0.056 (6)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1B | 0.0238 (6) | 0.0469 (7) | 0.0338 (6) | −0.0022 (5) | −0.0014 (4) | 0.0020 (5) |
O2B | 0.0567 (9) | 0.0563 (9) | 0.0564 (9) | −0.0110 (7) | −0.0116 (7) | −0.0159 (7) |
O3B | 0.0560 (9) | 0.0345 (7) | 0.0808 (11) | 0.0035 (6) | 0.0096 (7) | −0.0108 (7) |
O4B | 0.0263 (6) | 0.0505 (8) | 0.0615 (8) | 0.0095 (5) | 0.0023 (5) | −0.0064 (6) |
O5B | 0.0281 (6) | 0.0474 (7) | 0.0620 (8) | −0.0078 (5) | 0.0014 (5) | −0.0133 (6) |
O6B | 0.0429 (8) | 0.0581 (9) | 0.0773 (10) | 0.0081 (6) | 0.0021 (7) | −0.0352 (8) |
O7B | 0.0349 (7) | 0.0571 (9) | 0.0762 (10) | 0.0191 (6) | −0.0069 (7) | −0.0085 (7) |
N1B | 0.0373 (8) | 0.0353 (8) | 0.0397 (8) | −0.0064 (6) | 0.0069 (6) | −0.0046 (6) |
N2B | 0.0244 (7) | 0.0388 (7) | 0.0360 (7) | 0.0011 (5) | 0.0027 (5) | 0.0025 (6) |
N3B | 0.0278 (7) | 0.0346 (7) | 0.0495 (9) | 0.0025 (6) | 0.0055 (6) | −0.0040 (6) |
C1B | 0.0243 (7) | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0227 (7) | 0.0000 (6) | 0.0007 (5) | 0.0048 (6) |
C2B | 0.0294 (8) | 0.0300 (8) | 0.0257 (7) | −0.0016 (6) | 0.0021 (6) | 0.0011 (6) |
C3B | 0.0276 (8) | 0.0313 (7) | 0.0273 (7) | 0.0038 (6) | 0.0051 (6) | 0.0033 (6) |
C4B | 0.0228 (7) | 0.0342 (8) | 0.0259 (7) | 0.0007 (6) | 0.0015 (6) | 0.0033 (6) |
C5B | 0.0275 (8) | 0.0303 (7) | 0.0269 (7) | −0.0010 (6) | 0.0023 (6) | −0.0003 (6) |
C6B | 0.0258 (8) | 0.0304 (8) | 0.0304 (7) | 0.0036 (6) | 0.0035 (6) | 0.0015 (6) |
O1A | 0.0320 (6) | 0.0398 (7) | 0.0528 (8) | 0.0017 (5) | 0.0007 (5) | −0.0153 (5) |
O2A | 0.0259 (6) | 0.0481 (7) | 0.0684 (9) | 0.0020 (5) | 0.0013 (6) | −0.0207 (6) |
N1A | 0.0256 (6) | 0.0306 (6) | 0.0271 (6) | −0.0010 (5) | −0.0008 (5) | −0.0014 (5) |
N2A | 0.0240 (7) | 0.0642 (10) | 0.0313 (7) | 0.0038 (6) | −0.0036 (6) | −0.0126 (7) |
C1A | 0.0297 (8) | 0.0351 (8) | 0.0336 (8) | 0.0028 (6) | −0.0054 (6) | −0.0029 (6) |
C2A | 0.0270 (8) | 0.0328 (8) | 0.0269 (7) | −0.0014 (6) | −0.0015 (6) | 0.0004 (6) |
C3A | 0.0222 (7) | 0.0366 (8) | 0.0350 (8) | −0.0011 (6) | 0.0006 (6) | 0.0003 (6) |
C4A | 0.0251 (8) | 0.0361 (8) | 0.0334 (8) | −0.0062 (6) | −0.0019 (6) | −0.0013 (6) |
C5A | 0.0323 (8) | 0.0306 (8) | 0.0277 (7) | −0.0021 (6) | 0.0015 (6) | −0.0017 (6) |
C6A | 0.0312 (9) | 0.0449 (10) | 0.0639 (12) | 0.0027 (7) | 0.0025 (8) | −0.0148 (9) |
C7A | 0.0228 (7) | 0.0391 (8) | 0.0335 (8) | −0.0006 (6) | 0.0004 (6) | −0.0003 (6) |
C8A | 0.0244 (7) | 0.0355 (8) | 0.0333 (8) | −0.0043 (6) | −0.0032 (6) | −0.0040 (6) |
C9A | 0.0347 (8) | 0.0313 (8) | 0.0353 (8) | 0.0012 (6) | −0.0018 (7) | −0.0021 (6) |
C10A | 0.0316 (9) | 0.0432 (9) | 0.0451 (10) | −0.0040 (7) | −0.0001 (7) | −0.0112 (8) |
C11A | 0.0422 (10) | 0.0556 (11) | 0.0332 (9) | 0.0114 (8) | −0.0009 (7) | 0.0044 (8) |
C12A | 0.0379 (9) | 0.0355 (8) | 0.0330 (8) | 0.0006 (7) | 0.0029 (7) | 0.0023 (6) |
O1B—C1B | 1.2597 (18) | N2A—H2AA | 0.91 (2) |
O2B—N1B | 1.226 (2) | N2A—H2AB | 0.91 (2) |
O3B—N1B | 1.216 (2) | C1A—H1AA | 0.9900 |
O4B—N2B | 1.2298 (18) | C1A—H1AB | 0.9900 |
O5B—N2B | 1.2234 (18) | C1A—C2A | 1.511 (2) |
O6B—N3B | 1.2240 (19) | C2A—C3A | 1.390 (2) |
O7B—N3B | 1.2278 (18) | C2A—C8A | 1.406 (2) |
N1B—C2B | 1.465 (2) | C3A—H3A | 0.9500 |
N2B—C4B | 1.4505 (19) | C3A—C4A | 1.400 (2) |
N3B—C6B | 1.456 (2) | C4A—H4A | 0.9500 |
C1B—C2B | 1.441 (2) | C4A—C5A | 1.371 (2) |
C1B—C6B | 1.441 (2) | C5A—C7A | 1.380 (2) |
C2B—C3B | 1.369 (2) | C6A—H6AA | 0.9900 |
C3B—H3B | 0.9500 | C6A—H6AB | 0.9900 |
C3B—C4B | 1.388 (2) | C7A—C8A | 1.371 (2) |
C4B—C5B | 1.381 (2) | C8A—H8A | 0.9500 |
C5B—H5B | 0.9500 | C9A—H9AA | 0.9900 |
C5B—C6B | 1.375 (2) | C9A—H9AB | 0.9900 |
O1A—C5A | 1.3735 (19) | C9A—C10A | 1.513 (2) |
O1A—C6A | 1.428 (2) | C10A—H10A | 0.9900 |
O2A—C6A | 1.432 (2) | C10A—H10B | 0.9900 |
O2A—C7A | 1.3757 (19) | C11A—H11A | 0.9900 |
N1A—C1A | 1.4621 (19) | C11A—H11B | 0.9900 |
N1A—C9A | 1.460 (2) | C11A—C12A | 1.515 (2) |
N1A—C12A | 1.456 (2) | C12A—H12A | 0.9900 |
N2A—C10A | 1.481 (2) | C12A—H12B | 0.9900 |
N2A—C11A | 1.489 (2) | ||
O2B—N1B—C2B | 118.49 (14) | C8A—C2A—C1A | 120.69 (14) |
O3B—N1B—O2B | 123.68 (15) | C2A—C3A—H3A | 118.9 |
O3B—N1B—C2B | 117.80 (14) | C2A—C3A—C4A | 122.20 (14) |
O4B—N2B—C4B | 118.01 (14) | C4A—C3A—H3A | 118.9 |
O5B—N2B—O4B | 123.24 (14) | C3A—C4A—H4A | 121.9 |
O5B—N2B—C4B | 118.76 (13) | C5A—C4A—C3A | 116.24 (14) |
O6B—N3B—O7B | 123.10 (15) | C5A—C4A—H4A | 121.9 |
O6B—N3B—C6B | 117.76 (14) | O1A—C5A—C7A | 110.17 (14) |
O7B—N3B—C6B | 119.13 (14) | C4A—C5A—O1A | 127.81 (14) |
O1B—C1B—C2B | 123.00 (14) | C4A—C5A—C7A | 122.01 (15) |
O1B—C1B—C6B | 124.81 (14) | O1A—C6A—O2A | 108.21 (13) |
C6B—C1B—C2B | 112.14 (13) | O1A—C6A—H6AA | 110.1 |
C1B—C2B—N1B | 118.95 (13) | O1A—C6A—H6AB | 110.1 |
C3B—C2B—N1B | 116.50 (13) | O2A—C6A—H6AA | 110.1 |
C3B—C2B—C1B | 124.54 (14) | O2A—C6A—H6AB | 110.1 |
C2B—C3B—H3B | 120.7 | H6AA—C6A—H6AB | 108.4 |
C2B—C3B—C4B | 118.51 (14) | O2A—C7A—C5A | 109.66 (14) |
C4B—C3B—H3B | 120.7 | C8A—C7A—O2A | 127.79 (14) |
C3B—C4B—N2B | 118.85 (13) | C8A—C7A—C5A | 122.51 (15) |
C5B—C4B—N2B | 119.31 (14) | C2A—C8A—H8A | 121.6 |
C5B—C4B—C3B | 121.83 (14) | C7A—C8A—C2A | 116.75 (14) |
C4B—C5B—H5B | 120.8 | C7A—C8A—H8A | 121.6 |
C6B—C5B—C4B | 118.45 (14) | N1A—C9A—H9AA | 109.5 |
C6B—C5B—H5B | 120.8 | N1A—C9A—H9AB | 109.5 |
C1B—C6B—N3B | 118.73 (13) | N1A—C9A—C10A | 110.87 (13) |
C5B—C6B—N3B | 116.76 (13) | H9AA—C9A—H9AB | 108.1 |
C5B—C6B—C1B | 124.50 (14) | C10A—C9A—H9AA | 109.5 |
C5A—O1A—C6A | 105.68 (12) | C10A—C9A—H9AB | 109.5 |
C7A—O2A—C6A | 105.78 (12) | N2A—C10A—C9A | 108.90 (14) |
C9A—N1A—C1A | 109.85 (12) | N2A—C10A—H10A | 109.9 |
C12A—N1A—C1A | 111.28 (13) | N2A—C10A—H10B | 109.9 |
C12A—N1A—C9A | 109.25 (12) | C9A—C10A—H10A | 109.9 |
C10A—N2A—C11A | 111.56 (14) | C9A—C10A—H10B | 109.9 |
C10A—N2A—H2AA | 107.4 (14) | H10A—C10A—H10B | 108.3 |
C10A—N2A—H2AB | 110.1 (15) | N2A—C11A—H11A | 109.9 |
C11A—N2A—H2AA | 108.3 (14) | N2A—C11A—H11B | 109.9 |
C11A—N2A—H2AB | 109.7 (15) | N2A—C11A—C12A | 109.15 (14) |
H2AA—N2A—H2AB | 110 (2) | H11A—C11A—H11B | 108.3 |
N1A—C1A—H1AA | 108.8 | C12A—C11A—H11A | 109.9 |
N1A—C1A—H1AB | 108.8 | C12A—C11A—H11B | 109.9 |
N1A—C1A—C2A | 113.90 (13) | N1A—C12A—C11A | 110.72 (14) |
H1AA—C1A—H1AB | 107.7 | N1A—C12A—H12A | 109.5 |
C2A—C1A—H1AA | 108.8 | N1A—C12A—H12B | 109.5 |
C2A—C1A—H1AB | 108.8 | C11A—C12A—H12A | 109.5 |
C3A—C2A—C1A | 118.94 (14) | C11A—C12A—H12B | 109.5 |
C3A—C2A—C8A | 120.22 (15) | H12A—C12A—H12B | 108.1 |
O1B—C1B—C2B—N1B | −3.2 (2) | O2A—C7A—C8A—C2A | −179.39 (16) |
O1B—C1B—C2B—C3B | 177.92 (14) | N1A—C1A—C2A—C3A | −143.67 (15) |
O1B—C1B—C6B—N3B | 1.8 (2) | N1A—C1A—C2A—C8A | 40.7 (2) |
O1B—C1B—C6B—C5B | −177.91 (14) | N1A—C9A—C10A—N2A | 58.56 (18) |
O2B—N1B—C2B—C1B | −32.4 (2) | N2A—C11A—C12A—N1A | −57.98 (19) |
O2B—N1B—C2B—C3B | 146.50 (16) | C1A—N1A—C9A—C10A | 176.60 (14) |
O3B—N1B—C2B—C1B | 149.48 (15) | C1A—N1A—C12A—C11A | −177.88 (14) |
O3B—N1B—C2B—C3B | −31.6 (2) | C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A | −174.11 (15) |
O4B—N2B—C4B—C3B | −1.5 (2) | C1A—C2A—C8A—C7A | 175.38 (14) |
O4B—N2B—C4B—C5B | 177.30 (14) | C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A | −0.8 (2) |
O5B—N2B—C4B—C3B | 178.82 (14) | C3A—C2A—C8A—C7A | −0.2 (2) |
O5B—N2B—C4B—C5B | −2.4 (2) | C3A—C4A—C5A—O1A | 179.11 (15) |
O6B—N3B—C6B—C1B | −150.82 (16) | C3A—C4A—C5A—C7A | −1.2 (2) |
O6B—N3B—C6B—C5B | 28.9 (2) | C4A—C5A—C7A—O2A | −179.39 (15) |
O7B—N3B—C6B—C1B | 28.4 (2) | C4A—C5A—C7A—C8A | 2.7 (3) |
O7B—N3B—C6B—C5B | −151.86 (16) | C5A—O1A—C6A—O2A | 7.0 (2) |
N1B—C2B—C3B—C4B | −178.32 (13) | C5A—C7A—C8A—C2A | −1.8 (2) |
N2B—C4B—C5B—C6B | −177.33 (13) | C6A—O1A—C5A—C4A | 175.15 (17) |
C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B | 0.6 (2) | C6A—O1A—C5A—C7A | −4.53 (19) |
C2B—C1B—C6B—N3B | 179.38 (13) | C6A—O2A—C7A—C5A | 4.0 (2) |
C2B—C1B—C6B—C5B | −0.4 (2) | C6A—O2A—C7A—C8A | −178.15 (17) |
C2B—C3B—C4B—N2B | 177.29 (13) | C7A—O2A—C6A—O1A | −6.8 (2) |
C2B—C3B—C4B—C5B | −1.5 (2) | C8A—C2A—C3A—C4A | 1.6 (2) |
C3B—C4B—C5B—C6B | 1.4 (2) | C9A—N1A—C1A—C2A | −169.57 (13) |
C4B—C5B—C6B—N3B | 179.77 (13) | C9A—N1A—C12A—C11A | 60.66 (17) |
C4B—C5B—C6B—C1B | −0.5 (2) | C10A—N2A—C11A—C12A | 56.16 (19) |
C6B—C1B—C2B—N1B | 179.19 (13) | C11A—N2A—C10A—C9A | −56.31 (18) |
C6B—C1B—C2B—C3B | 0.3 (2) | C12A—N1A—C1A—C2A | 69.32 (17) |
O1A—C5A—C7A—O2A | 0.31 (19) | C12A—N1A—C9A—C10A | −61.07 (17) |
O1A—C5A—C7A—C8A | −177.63 (15) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2A—H2AA···O1Bi | 0.91 (2) | 1.86 (3) | 2.7409 (19) | 163 (2) |
N2A—H2AB···O1Bii | 0.91 (2) | 1.91 (2) | 2.7798 (18) | 159 (2) |
C4A—H4A···O6Biii | 0.95 | 2.48 | 3.335 (2) | 150 |
C3B—H3B···O3Biv | 0.95 | 2.54 | 3.473 (2) | 166 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+3/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) x−1/2, −y+1/2, z−1/2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2A—H2AA···O1Bi | 0.91 (2) | 1.86 (3) | 2.7409 (19) | 163 (2) |
N2A—H2AB···O1Bii | 0.91 (2) | 1.91 (2) | 2.7798 (18) | 159 (2) |
C4A—H4A···O6Biii | 0.95 | 2.48 | 3.335 (2) | 149.8 |
C3B—H3B···O3Biv | 0.95 | 2.54 | 3.473 (2) | 165.9 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+3/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) x−1/2, −y+1/2, z−1/2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
CNK thanks the University of Mysore for research facilities and is also grateful to the Principal, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysore, for giving permission to undertake research. JPJ acknowledges the NSF–MRI program (grant No. CHE-1039027) for funds to purchase the X-ray diffractometer.
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
1-(3,4-Methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine or 1-piperonylpiperazine is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine class and is used to synthesise the drug, piribedil, an antiparkinsonian agent (Millan et al., 2001). The piperazine moiety is extensively employed to construct various bioactive molecules with anti-bacterial or antimalarial activity and as antipsychotic agents (Choudhary et al., 2006). A valuable insight into recent advances on antimicrobial activity of piperazine derivatives is provided by Kharb et al., (2012). Piperazines are among the most important building blocks in today's drug discovery and are found in biologically active compounds across a number of different therapeutic areas (Brockunier et al., 2004; Bogatcheva et al. , 2006). A review on the current pharmacological and toxicological information for piperazine derivatives is available (Elliott, 2011). The crystal structure of an N-piperonyl analogue of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine (Capuano et al., 2000) has been reported. In view of the above importance of piperonylpiperazines, this paper reports the crystal structure of the title salt, (I), C12H17N2O2+. C6H2N3O7-.
The asymmetric unit of the title salt, (I), C12H17N2O2+ . C6H2N3O7-, consists of a monoprotonated 1-piperonylpiperazinium cation and a picrate anion (Fig.1). In the cation, the piperazine ring adopts a slightly disordered chair conformation (puckering parameters Q, θ, and φ = 0.5877 (18)Å, 2.28 (16) ° and 6(5) °; (Cremer & Pople, 1975). The piperonyl ring system and the piperazine rings are twisted with respect to each other with an N1A/C1A/C2A/C8A torsion angle of 40.7 (2)°. In the anion, the dihedral angles between the mean planes of the nitro substituents ortho to the phenolate O atom and the mean plane of the phenyl ring are 28.8 (9)° (C6B/N3B/O7B/O6B) and 32.2 (8)°(N1B/O3B/O2B/C2B), respectively. In contrast, the nitro group in the para position lies much closer to the aromatic ring plane, subtending dihedral angles of 3.0 (1)°. Bond lengths are in normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987). In the crystal, the cations and anions interact through intermolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonds and a weak C3B—H3B···O3B intermolecular interaction (Fig.2). Weak C—H···O intermolecular interactions are also observed between adjacent anions forming R22(10) graph set ring motifs. In addition, a weak Cg3–Cg5 π–π stacking interaction with an intercentroid distance of 3.7471 (9)Å (symmetry operation x, y, z; Cg3 and Cg5 are the centroids of the C2A–C8A and C1B–C6B rings respectively) contribute to the crystal packing resulting in a 2D network along (1 0 -1).