organic compounds
(4,9-Dimethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methanol
aDokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tınaztepe, 35160 Buca, İzmir, Turkey, bAksaray University, Department of Physics, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey, and cHacettepe University, Department of Physics, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
*Correspondence e-mail: merzifon@hacettepe.edu.tr
In the title compound, C15H15NO, the carbazole skeleton includes a methanol group at the 3-position. The indole ring system is almost planar [maximum deviation = 0.045 (2) Å]. In the crystal, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into zigzag chains along the b-axis direction. There are weak C—H⋯π interactions within the chains and linking neighbouring chains forming sheets lying parallel to (001).
CCDC reference: 987850
Related literature
For biological activity of carbazole ). For antibiotic, antifungal and cytotoxic properties of carbazole see: Chakraborty et al. (1965); Chakraborty et al. (1978). For the use of carbazole derivatives as precursor compounds for the syntheses of pyridocarbazole see: Karmakar et al. (1991). For related structures, see: Hökelek et al. (1994); Patır et al. (1997); Öncüoğlu et al. (2014). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987).
see: Chakraborty (1977Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 2012) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 987850
10.1107/S1600536814003845/su2701sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814003845/su2701Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814003845/su2701Isup3.cml
The title compound was synthesized according to the literature method (Karmakar et al., 1991). A solution of ethyl 4,9-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-3 -carboxylate (4.00 g, 15 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofurane (50 ml) was added drop wise to a stirred solution of lithium aluminium hydride (1.20 g, 31 mmol) in tetrahydrofurane at room temperature. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 5 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then cooled and the excess of lithium aluminium hydride was destroyed with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product was recrystallized from ether (Yield; 95%, M.p. 475 K), giving block-like colourless crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis.
Atom H1A (for OH) was located in a difference Fourier map and freely refined. The C-bound H-atoms were positioned geometrically with C—H = 0.93, 0.97 and 0.96 Å, for aromatic, methylene and methyl H-atoms, respectively, and constrained to ride on their parent atoms with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C-methyl) and = 1.2Ueq(C) for other H-atoms.
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 2012) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title molecule, with atom labelling. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. A view of the crystal packing of the title compound with the O-H···O hydrogen bonds shown as dashed lines (see Table 1 for details; H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding have been omitted for clarity]. |
C15H15NO | F(000) = 480 |
Mr = 225.28 | Dx = 1.262 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 6741 reflections |
a = 14.4728 (4) Å | θ = 2.7–28.2° |
b = 5.4554 (3) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
c = 15.0906 (4) Å | T = 296 K |
β = 95.453 (4)° | Block, colourless |
V = 1186.08 (8) Å3 | 0.45 × 0.36 × 0.13 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART BREEZE CCD diffractometer | 11615 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 9784 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.032 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2007) | h = −18→17 |
Tmin = 0.965, Tmax = 0.990 | k = −6→6 |
11615 measured reflections | l = −18→18 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.079 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.214 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.16 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0293P)2 + 3.1387P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
11615 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
161 parameters | Δρmax = 0.30 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.27 e Å−3 |
C15H15NO | V = 1186.08 (8) Å3 |
Mr = 225.28 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 14.4728 (4) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 5.4554 (3) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 15.0906 (4) Å | 0.45 × 0.36 × 0.13 mm |
β = 95.453 (4)° |
Bruker SMART BREEZE CCD diffractometer | 11615 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2007) | 9784 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.965, Tmax = 0.990 | Rint = 0.032 |
11615 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.079 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.214 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.16 | Δρmax = 0.30 e Å−3 |
11615 reflections | Δρmin = −0.27 e Å−3 |
161 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 1.23676 (10) | 1.1637 (3) | 0.78082 (11) | 0.0647 (4) | |
H1A | 1.262 (2) | 1.285 (6) | 0.7532 (18) | 0.115 (11)* | |
C1 | 1.00323 (13) | 0.7254 (3) | 0.89293 (11) | 0.0435 (4) | |
H1 | 0.9915 | 0.6531 | 0.9465 | 0.052* | |
C2 | 1.06557 (13) | 0.9145 (3) | 0.89012 (11) | 0.0449 (4) | |
H2 | 1.0966 | 0.9690 | 0.9433 | 0.054* | |
C3 | 1.08440 (12) | 1.0289 (3) | 0.81060 (11) | 0.0416 (4) | |
C4 | 1.03968 (12) | 0.9504 (3) | 0.72954 (11) | 0.0379 (4) | |
C4A | 0.97556 (12) | 0.7560 (3) | 0.73093 (10) | 0.0361 (4) | |
C5 | 0.90173 (14) | 0.6439 (4) | 0.56991 (11) | 0.0503 (5) | |
H5 | 0.9309 | 0.7656 | 0.5396 | 0.060* | |
C5A | 0.91717 (12) | 0.6257 (3) | 0.66236 (10) | 0.0377 (4) | |
C6 | 0.84282 (16) | 0.4795 (4) | 0.52398 (13) | 0.0604 (6) | |
H6 | 0.8332 | 0.4883 | 0.4622 | 0.072* | |
C7 | 0.79780 (15) | 0.3012 (4) | 0.56927 (13) | 0.0612 (6) | |
H7 | 0.7582 | 0.1924 | 0.5370 | 0.073* | |
C8 | 0.80997 (14) | 0.2801 (3) | 0.66092 (13) | 0.0510 (5) | |
H8 | 0.7793 | 0.1603 | 0.6908 | 0.061* | |
C8A | 0.86991 (12) | 0.4451 (3) | 0.70644 (11) | 0.0381 (4) | |
N9 | 0.89428 (10) | 0.4597 (3) | 0.79697 (9) | 0.0404 (4) | |
C9A | 0.95842 (12) | 0.6465 (3) | 0.81262 (10) | 0.0368 (4) | |
C10 | 0.86281 (14) | 0.2951 (3) | 0.86346 (12) | 0.0506 (5) | |
H10B | 0.9017 | 0.1524 | 0.8682 | 0.076* | |
H10A | 0.7999 | 0.2470 | 0.8462 | 0.076* | |
H10C | 0.8660 | 0.3772 | 0.9199 | 0.076* | |
C11 | 1.05756 (14) | 1.0659 (3) | 0.64152 (11) | 0.0507 (5) | |
H11B | 1.0828 | 0.9451 | 0.6043 | 0.076* | |
H11C | 1.1009 | 1.1984 | 0.6519 | 0.076* | |
H11A | 1.0003 | 1.1273 | 0.6125 | 0.076* | |
C12 | 1.15214 (14) | 1.2370 (3) | 0.81458 (13) | 0.0532 (5) | |
H12A | 1.1254 | 1.3734 | 0.7798 | 0.064* | |
H12B | 1.1648 | 1.2913 | 0.8757 | 0.064* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0439 (9) | 0.0484 (9) | 0.1046 (12) | −0.0001 (7) | 0.0218 (8) | −0.0003 (8) |
C1 | 0.0526 (12) | 0.0403 (10) | 0.0373 (9) | 0.0063 (9) | 0.0031 (8) | 0.0124 (7) |
C2 | 0.0461 (11) | 0.0471 (11) | 0.0405 (10) | 0.0013 (9) | −0.0008 (8) | 0.0021 (7) |
C3 | 0.0398 (11) | 0.0368 (10) | 0.0490 (10) | 0.0027 (8) | 0.0091 (8) | 0.0026 (7) |
C4 | 0.0374 (10) | 0.0329 (9) | 0.0441 (9) | 0.0073 (7) | 0.0081 (7) | 0.0061 (7) |
C4A | 0.0376 (10) | 0.0352 (9) | 0.0360 (8) | 0.0067 (7) | 0.0059 (7) | 0.0068 (6) |
C5 | 0.0604 (13) | 0.0480 (11) | 0.0433 (10) | 0.0013 (10) | 0.0085 (9) | 0.0067 (8) |
C5A | 0.0364 (10) | 0.0342 (9) | 0.0431 (9) | 0.0068 (7) | 0.0063 (7) | 0.0037 (7) |
C6 | 0.0760 (16) | 0.0627 (14) | 0.0408 (10) | −0.0055 (12) | −0.0029 (10) | −0.0011 (9) |
C7 | 0.0618 (14) | 0.0605 (14) | 0.0599 (13) | −0.0065 (11) | −0.0013 (10) | −0.0118 (10) |
C8 | 0.0517 (13) | 0.0423 (11) | 0.0597 (12) | −0.0045 (9) | 0.0100 (9) | 0.0060 (8) |
C8A | 0.0349 (10) | 0.0352 (9) | 0.0445 (9) | 0.0034 (7) | 0.0064 (7) | 0.0042 (7) |
N9 | 0.0416 (9) | 0.0389 (8) | 0.0417 (8) | 0.0001 (7) | 0.0086 (6) | 0.0118 (6) |
C9A | 0.0387 (10) | 0.0335 (9) | 0.0394 (9) | 0.0071 (8) | 0.0097 (7) | 0.0085 (7) |
C10 | 0.0524 (12) | 0.0474 (11) | 0.0537 (11) | 0.0000 (9) | 0.0136 (9) | 0.0207 (8) |
C11 | 0.0563 (13) | 0.0472 (11) | 0.0502 (11) | −0.0036 (9) | 0.0135 (9) | 0.0081 (8) |
C12 | 0.0525 (13) | 0.0382 (11) | 0.0697 (13) | −0.0006 (9) | 0.0107 (10) | −0.0037 (9) |
O1—C12 | 1.427 (2) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
O1—H1A | 0.88 (3) | C8—C7 | 1.382 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.374 (3) | C8—H8 | 0.9300 |
C1—H1 | 0.9300 | C8A—C8 | 1.386 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.402 (2) | N9—C8A | 1.380 (2) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | N9—C9A | 1.383 (2) |
C3—C12 | 1.497 (3) | N9—C10 | 1.4517 (19) |
C4—C3 | 1.396 (2) | C9A—C1 | 1.387 (2) |
C4—C4A | 1.411 (2) | C9A—C4A | 1.413 (2) |
C4—C11 | 1.514 (2) | C10—H10A | 0.9600 |
C5—C6 | 1.378 (3) | C10—H10B | 0.9600 |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C10—H10C | 0.9600 |
C5A—C4A | 1.457 (2) | C11—H11A | 0.9600 |
C5A—C5 | 1.395 (2) | C11—H11B | 0.9600 |
C5A—C8A | 1.403 (2) | C11—H11C | 0.9600 |
C6—C7 | 1.387 (3) | C12—H12A | 0.9700 |
C6—H6 | 0.9300 | C12—H12B | 0.9700 |
C12—O1—H1A | 111.3 (19) | C7—C8—H8 | 121.4 |
C2—C1—C9A | 117.38 (15) | C8A—C8—H8 | 121.4 |
C2—C1—H1 | 121.3 | N9—C8A—C8 | 128.11 (15) |
C9A—C1—H1 | 121.3 | N9—C8A—C5A | 109.77 (15) |
C1—C2—C3 | 122.84 (16) | C8—C8A—C5A | 122.11 (16) |
C1—C2—H2 | 118.6 | C8A—N9—C9A | 108.42 (12) |
C3—C2—H2 | 118.6 | C8A—N9—C10 | 125.50 (15) |
C2—C3—C12 | 118.88 (17) | C9A—N9—C10 | 125.95 (14) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.12 (16) | N9—C9A—C1 | 128.90 (14) |
C4—C3—C12 | 121.00 (15) | N9—C9A—C4A | 109.46 (14) |
C3—C4—C4A | 117.94 (14) | C1—C9A—C4A | 121.64 (16) |
C3—C4—C11 | 122.51 (16) | N9—C10—H10A | 109.5 |
C4A—C4—C11 | 119.55 (15) | N9—C10—H10B | 109.5 |
C4—C4A—C5A | 133.96 (14) | N9—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C4—C4A—C9A | 120.08 (15) | H10A—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C9A—C4A—C5A | 105.96 (15) | H10B—C10—H10A | 109.5 |
C5A—C5—H5 | 120.4 | H10B—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—C5A | 119.29 (18) | C4—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.4 | C4—C11—H11B | 109.5 |
C5—C5A—C4A | 134.60 (16) | C4—C11—H11C | 109.5 |
C5—C5A—C8A | 119.02 (16) | H11B—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C8A—C5A—C4A | 106.38 (14) | H11B—C11—H11C | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C7 | 120.39 (18) | H11C—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.8 | O1—C12—C3 | 110.74 (15) |
C7—C6—H6 | 119.8 | O1—C12—H12A | 109.5 |
C6—C7—H7 | 119.0 | O1—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
C8—C7—C6 | 122.03 (19) | C3—C12—H12A | 109.5 |
C8—C7—H7 | 119.0 | C3—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
C7—C8—C8A | 117.13 (17) | H12A—C12—H12B | 108.1 |
C9A—C1—C2—C3 | 0.5 (3) | C4A—C5A—C8A—C8 | −177.86 (16) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.6 (3) | C5—C5A—C8A—N9 | −179.48 (15) |
C1—C2—C3—C12 | 178.80 (17) | C5—C5A—C8A—C8 | 1.6 (3) |
C2—C3—C12—O1 | 107.98 (19) | C5—C6—C7—C8 | −0.2 (3) |
C4—C3—C12—O1 | −72.7 (2) | C8A—C8—C7—C6 | −0.3 (3) |
C4A—C4—C3—C2 | 0.4 (2) | N9—C8A—C8—C7 | −179.16 (17) |
C4A—C4—C3—C12 | −178.98 (16) | C5A—C8A—C8—C7 | −0.4 (3) |
C11—C4—C3—C2 | −179.65 (16) | C9A—N9—C8A—C5A | −0.94 (18) |
C11—C4—C3—C12 | 1.0 (3) | C9A—N9—C8A—C8 | 177.93 (18) |
C3—C4—C4A—C5A | −179.64 (17) | C10—N9—C8A—C5A | −176.86 (16) |
C3—C4—C4A—C9A | −0.1 (2) | C10—N9—C8A—C8 | 2.0 (3) |
C11—C4—C4A—C5A | 0.4 (3) | C8A—N9—C9A—C1 | −178.98 (17) |
C11—C4—C4A—C9A | 179.87 (15) | C8A—N9—C9A—C4A | 0.39 (18) |
C5A—C5—C6—C7 | 1.4 (3) | C10—N9—C9A—C1 | −3.1 (3) |
C5—C5A—C4A—C4 | −0.6 (3) | C10—N9—C9A—C4A | 176.28 (15) |
C5—C5A—C4A—C9A | 179.88 (19) | N9—C9A—C1—C2 | 179.05 (17) |
C8A—C5A—C4A—C4 | 178.71 (17) | C4A—C9A—C1—C2 | −0.2 (3) |
C8A—C5A—C4A—C9A | −0.83 (18) | N9—C9A—C4A—C4 | −179.33 (14) |
C4A—C5A—C5—C6 | 177.21 (19) | N9—C9A—C4A—C5A | 0.29 (18) |
C8A—C5A—C5—C6 | −2.0 (3) | C1—C9A—C4A—C4 | 0.1 (2) |
C4A—C5A—C8A—N9 | 1.10 (18) | C1—C9A—C4A—C5A | 179.70 (15) |
Cg1 and Cg2 are the centroids of rings 9a/C1-C4/C4a/ and C5a/C5-C8/C8a, respectively. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O1i | 0.88 (3) | 2.13 (3) | 2.919 (2) | 149 (3) |
C10—H10A···Cg2ii | 0.96 | 2.85 | 3.697 (2) | 148 |
C10—H10B···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.64 | 3.531 (2) | 154 |
C11—H11A···Cg2iv | 0.96 | 2.77 | 3.617 (2) | 147 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+5/2, y+1/2, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) x, y−1, z. |
Cg1 and Cg2 are the centroids of rings 9a/C1-C4/C4a/ and C5a/C5-C8/C8a, respectively. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O1i | 0.88 (3) | 2.13 (3) | 2.919 (2) | 149 (3) |
C10—H10A···Cg2ii | 0.96 | 2.85 | 3.697 (2) | 148 |
C10—H10B···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.64 | 3.531 (2) | 154 |
C11—H11A···Cg2iv | 0.96 | 2.77 | 3.617 (2) | 147 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+5/2, y+1/2, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) x, y−1, z. |
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray, Turkey, for the use of the Bruker SMART BREEZE CCD diffractometer (purchased under grant No. 2010K120480 of the State of Planning Organization).
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Carbazole alkaloids, which have their richest source in species of the genus Murraya, are of great interest because of their unique structures and important biological activities (Chakraborty, 1977). They also exhibits antibiotic, antifungal and cytotoxic properties (Chakraborty et al., 1965; Chakraborty et al., 1978). Carbazole derivatives are also used as precursor compounds for the syntheses of pyridocarbazole alkaloids (Karmakar et al., 1991). The present study was undertaken to ascertain the crystal structure of the title compound which was first synthesized by (Karmakar et al., 1991).
The molecule of the title compound contains a carbazole skeleton with a methanol group at the 3 position, Fig. 1. The bond lengths are close to standard values (Allen et al., 1987) and generally agree with those in previously reported compounds (Hökelek et al., 1994; Patır et al., 1997; Öncüoğlu et al., 2014). In all structures atom N9 is substituted.
An examination of the deviations from the mean planes through individual rings shows that rings A (C1—C4/C4a/c9a), B (C4a/C5a/C8a/N9/C9a) and C (C5a/C5—C8/C8a) are nearly coplanar [with a maximum deviation of 0.045 (2) Å for atom C7] with dihedral angles of A/B = 0.76 (5), A/C = 2.33 (4) and B/C = 1.57 (5) °. Atoms C10, C11 and C12 are displaced by 0.070 (2), 0.004 (2) and -0.025 (2) Å from the adjacent ring planes.
In the crystal, O—H···O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into zigzag chains along the b-axis direction (Table 1 and Fig. 2). There are weak C—H···π interactions within the chains and linking neighbouring chains forming two-dimensional networks lying parallel to (001); see Table 1.