organic compounds
N1-[(1H-Imidazol-2-yl)methylidene]-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine
aDepartment of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, UP 208 016, India, and bDepartment of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India
*Correspondence e-mail: shahid81chem@gmail.com
The title compound, C16H14N4, is non-planar with dihedral angles between the planes of the imidazole and phenylenediamine rings of 30.66 (4)° and between the planes of the phenylenediamine and N-phenyl rings of 56.63 (7)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating a chain extending along the b-axis direction. The is also stabilized by C—H⋯π interactions between N-phenyl and imidazole rings and slipped π–π stacking interactions between imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.516 (4) Å] giving an overall two-dimensional layered structure lying parallel to (010).
Keywords: crystal structure.
CCDC reference: 1008808
Related literature
For applications of et al. (1975); Dalapati et al. (2011); Sun et al. (2012). The present work is part of an ongoing structural study of Schiff base–metal complexes, see: Faizi & Hussain (2014); Faizi & Sen (2014). For related and their applications, see: Thompson et al. (2012); Shue et al. (1994); Garcia et al. (2006).
see: LozierExperimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2003); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenberg & Putz, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: DIAMOND.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1008808
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536814014238/gg2140sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536814014238/gg2140Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536814014238/gg2140Isup3.cml
100 mg (1 mmol) of N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine were dissolved in 10 ml of absolute ethanol. To this solution, 52 mg (1 mmol) of 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde in 5 ml of absolute ethanol was dropwisely added under stirring. Then, this mixture was stirred for 10 min, two drops of glacial acetic acid were then added and the mixture was further refluxed for 2h. The resulting light green precipitate was recovered by filtration, washed several times with a small portions of EtOH and then with diethyl ether to give 120 mg (86%) of N1-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylene)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (IMPD). The crystal of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis was obtained within 3 days by slow evaporation of the MeOH solvent.
All H-atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model with C—H = 0.92–0.93 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C).
Schiff bases often exhibit various biological activities and in many cases were shown to have antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antitoxic properties (Lozier et al., 1975). They are used as anion sensors (Dalapati et al., 2011) and as non-linear optics compounds (Sun et al., 2012). The present work is part of an ongoing structural study of Schiff base metal complexes (Faizi & Hussain, 2014; Faizi & Sen, 2014) and we report here the structure of N1-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylene)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (IMPD). There are very few examples similar to title compound and their metal complex have been reported in the literature (Thompson et al., 2012; Shue et al., 1994; Garcia et al., 2006). The synthesis of IMPD by condensation of 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde and N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine has not previously been reported. In the title compound (Fig. 1) IMPD has non planar structure, the dihedral angle between the imidazole and phenylenediamine rings is 30.66 (4) ° and the dihedral angle between the phenylenediamine and N-phenyl rings is 56.63 (7) °. The imine group displays a torsional angle (C10—N2—C13—C14) of 177.29 (2)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by intermolecular N—H···N hydrogen bond interaction generate a one-dimensional chain structure extending along c axis (Table 1, Fig 2). The π interations between N-phenyl and imidazole and slipped π–π stacking interactions between imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.516 (4) Å] give an overall two-dimensional layered structure lying parallel to (010) given in Fig 3.
is also stabilized by C—H···For applications of
see: Lozier et al. (1975); Dalapati et al. (2011); Sun et al. (2012). The present work is part of an ongoing structural study ofSchiff base–metal complexes, see: Faizi & Hussain (2014); Faizi & Sen (2014). For related
and their applications, see: Thompson et al. (2012); Shue et al. (1994); Garcia et al. (2006).Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2003); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2003); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenberg & Putz, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: DIAMOND (Brandenberg & Putz, 2006).C16H14N4 | F(000) = 552 |
Mr = 262.31 | Dx = 1.310 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 999 reflections |
a = 15.663 (5) Å | θ = 1.8–25.5° |
b = 5.063 (3) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
c = 16.800 (5) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 93.124 (5)° | Block, yellow |
V = 1330.3 (10) Å3 | 0.15 × 0.13 × 0.10 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3296 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2403 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.042 |
ω scans | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 2004) | h = −13→20 |
Tmin = 0.984, Tmax = 0.990 | k = −6→6 |
11186 measured reflections | l = −22→22 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.110 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0458P)2 + 0.404P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3296 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
189 parameters | Δρmax = 0.24 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
C16H14N4 | V = 1330.3 (10) Å3 |
Mr = 262.31 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 15.663 (5) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 5.063 (3) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 16.800 (5) Å | 0.15 × 0.13 × 0.10 mm |
β = 93.124 (5)° |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3296 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 2004) | 2403 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.984, Tmax = 0.990 | Rint = 0.042 |
11186 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.110 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 0.24 e Å−3 |
3296 reflections | Δρmin = −0.18 e Å−3 |
189 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.43125 (8) | −0.1760 (3) | 0.33278 (8) | 0.0214 (3) | |
C2 | 0.38397 (9) | −0.3415 (3) | 0.28135 (9) | 0.0282 (3) | |
H2 | 0.3891 | −0.3274 | 0.2266 | 0.034* | |
C3 | 0.32914 (10) | −0.5278 (3) | 0.31101 (11) | 0.0352 (4) | |
H3 | 0.2974 | −0.6371 | 0.2761 | 0.042* | |
C4 | 0.32145 (10) | −0.5514 (3) | 0.39221 (11) | 0.0337 (4) | |
H4 | 0.2861 | −0.6802 | 0.4121 | 0.040* | |
C5 | 0.36660 (10) | −0.3828 (3) | 0.44371 (10) | 0.0308 (4) | |
H5 | 0.3607 | −0.3959 | 0.4984 | 0.037* | |
C6 | 0.42048 (9) | −0.1945 (3) | 0.41415 (9) | 0.0275 (3) | |
H6 | 0.4498 | −0.0793 | 0.4490 | 0.033* | |
C7 | 0.57160 (9) | 0.0512 (3) | 0.32757 (8) | 0.0199 (3) | |
C8 | 0.61533 (9) | −0.1149 (3) | 0.38253 (8) | 0.0202 (3) | |
H8 | 0.5862 | −0.2506 | 0.4066 | 0.024* | |
C9 | 0.70154 (9) | −0.0785 (3) | 0.40118 (8) | 0.0200 (3) | |
H9 | 0.7299 | −0.1937 | 0.4367 | 0.024* | |
C10 | 0.74693 (8) | 0.1273 (3) | 0.36788 (8) | 0.0174 (3) | |
C11 | 0.70272 (9) | 0.2954 (3) | 0.31390 (8) | 0.0200 (3) | |
H11 | 0.7316 | 0.4341 | 0.2910 | 0.024* | |
C12 | 0.61719 (9) | 0.2582 (3) | 0.29428 (8) | 0.0217 (3) | |
H12 | 0.5891 | 0.3725 | 0.2583 | 0.026* | |
C13 | 0.87684 (9) | 0.3549 (3) | 0.38064 (8) | 0.0190 (3) | |
C14 | 0.96846 (8) | 0.3614 (3) | 0.39783 (8) | 0.0173 (3) | |
C15 | 1.09852 (9) | 0.2263 (3) | 0.43150 (8) | 0.0199 (3) | |
H15 | 1.1455 | 0.1208 | 0.4459 | 0.024* | |
C16 | 1.09789 (9) | 0.4940 (3) | 0.42150 (8) | 0.0206 (3) | |
H16 | 1.1456 | 0.6027 | 0.4281 | 0.025* | |
N1 | 0.48649 (8) | 0.0127 (3) | 0.30203 (8) | 0.0259 (3) | |
N2 | 0.83589 (7) | 0.1392 (2) | 0.38775 (6) | 0.0185 (3) | |
N3 | 1.01646 (7) | 0.5797 (2) | 0.40025 (7) | 0.0192 (3) | |
N4 | 1.01628 (7) | 0.1451 (2) | 0.41603 (6) | 0.0181 (3) | |
H101 | 0.9981 | −0.0150 | 0.4176 | 0.022* | |
H102 | 0.4709 (11) | 0.072 (4) | 0.2555 (11) | 0.037 (5)* | |
H13 | 0.8508 (10) | 0.525 (3) | 0.3660 (9) | 0.026 (4)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0150 (7) | 0.0220 (7) | 0.0272 (7) | 0.0025 (5) | 0.0010 (5) | 0.0033 (6) |
C2 | 0.0250 (8) | 0.0332 (9) | 0.0260 (8) | −0.0003 (7) | −0.0016 (6) | 0.0003 (6) |
C3 | 0.0268 (9) | 0.0310 (9) | 0.0470 (10) | −0.0053 (7) | −0.0044 (7) | −0.0042 (8) |
C4 | 0.0223 (8) | 0.0287 (8) | 0.0509 (11) | −0.0015 (7) | 0.0083 (7) | 0.0113 (7) |
C5 | 0.0254 (8) | 0.0362 (9) | 0.0316 (8) | 0.0038 (7) | 0.0071 (6) | 0.0098 (7) |
C6 | 0.0242 (8) | 0.0320 (9) | 0.0262 (8) | −0.0016 (6) | 0.0013 (6) | −0.0003 (6) |
C7 | 0.0200 (7) | 0.0198 (7) | 0.0202 (7) | 0.0003 (5) | 0.0021 (5) | −0.0021 (5) |
C8 | 0.0208 (7) | 0.0172 (7) | 0.0230 (7) | −0.0029 (5) | 0.0038 (5) | 0.0020 (5) |
C9 | 0.0234 (7) | 0.0162 (6) | 0.0204 (7) | 0.0010 (5) | 0.0017 (5) | 0.0009 (5) |
C10 | 0.0192 (7) | 0.0153 (6) | 0.0177 (6) | 0.0002 (5) | 0.0024 (5) | −0.0037 (5) |
C11 | 0.0246 (7) | 0.0153 (6) | 0.0204 (7) | −0.0026 (5) | 0.0040 (5) | 0.0005 (5) |
C12 | 0.0254 (8) | 0.0183 (7) | 0.0213 (7) | 0.0011 (6) | 0.0015 (5) | 0.0028 (6) |
C13 | 0.0228 (7) | 0.0165 (7) | 0.0178 (6) | 0.0015 (6) | 0.0027 (5) | −0.0014 (5) |
C14 | 0.0214 (7) | 0.0141 (6) | 0.0169 (6) | −0.0004 (5) | 0.0038 (5) | −0.0007 (5) |
C15 | 0.0180 (7) | 0.0182 (7) | 0.0234 (7) | −0.0001 (5) | 0.0002 (5) | −0.0014 (5) |
C16 | 0.0209 (7) | 0.0176 (7) | 0.0235 (7) | −0.0028 (5) | 0.0020 (5) | −0.0018 (5) |
N1 | 0.0198 (6) | 0.0314 (7) | 0.0260 (7) | −0.0040 (5) | −0.0027 (5) | 0.0092 (6) |
N2 | 0.0208 (6) | 0.0169 (6) | 0.0179 (6) | −0.0023 (5) | 0.0025 (4) | −0.0010 (4) |
N3 | 0.0200 (6) | 0.0149 (6) | 0.0226 (6) | −0.0015 (4) | 0.0018 (5) | −0.0013 (4) |
N4 | 0.0208 (6) | 0.0117 (5) | 0.0220 (6) | −0.0024 (4) | 0.0022 (4) | −0.0001 (4) |
C1—C2 | 1.388 (2) | C9—H9 | 0.9300 |
C1—C6 | 1.390 (2) | C10—C11 | 1.3990 (19) |
C1—N1 | 1.4060 (19) | C10—N2 | 1.4163 (18) |
C2—C3 | 1.386 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.375 (2) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.381 (2) | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C13—N2 | 1.2757 (18) |
C4—C5 | 1.383 (2) | C13—C14 | 1.449 (2) |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C13—H13 | 0.976 (17) |
C5—C6 | 1.383 (2) | C14—N3 | 1.3358 (18) |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C14—N4 | 1.3526 (18) |
C6—H6 | 0.9300 | C15—N4 | 1.3636 (18) |
C7—N1 | 1.3918 (18) | C15—C16 | 1.366 (2) |
C7—C8 | 1.400 (2) | C15—H15 | 0.9300 |
C7—C12 | 1.402 (2) | C16—N3 | 1.3757 (18) |
C8—C9 | 1.382 (2) | C16—H16 | 0.9300 |
C8—H8 | 0.9300 | N1—H102 | 0.860 (19) |
C9—C10 | 1.3957 (19) | N4—H101 | 0.8600 |
C2—C1—C6 | 118.84 (13) | C9—C10—N2 | 116.95 (12) |
C2—C1—N1 | 119.97 (14) | C11—C10—N2 | 124.95 (12) |
C6—C1—N1 | 121.15 (13) | C12—C11—C10 | 120.90 (13) |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.45 (15) | C12—C11—H11 | 119.6 |
C3—C2—H2 | 119.8 | C10—C11—H11 | 119.5 |
C1—C2—H2 | 119.8 | C11—C12—C7 | 121.16 (13) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.21 (16) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.4 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.9 | C7—C12—H12 | 119.4 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.9 | N2—C13—C14 | 119.90 (13) |
C3—C4—C5 | 119.69 (15) | N2—C13—H13 | 124.9 (9) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.2 | C14—C13—H13 | 115.2 (9) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.2 | N3—C14—N4 | 111.05 (12) |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.16 (15) | N3—C14—C13 | 125.08 (12) |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.9 | N4—C14—C13 | 123.84 (12) |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.9 | N4—C15—C16 | 105.97 (13) |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.58 (15) | N4—C15—H15 | 127.0 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.7 | C16—C15—H15 | 127.0 |
C1—C6—H6 | 119.7 | C15—C16—N3 | 110.19 (13) |
N1—C7—C8 | 123.04 (13) | C15—C16—H16 | 124.9 |
N1—C7—C12 | 118.81 (13) | N3—C16—H16 | 124.9 |
C8—C7—C12 | 118.08 (13) | C7—N1—C1 | 125.46 (13) |
C9—C8—C7 | 120.43 (13) | C7—N1—H102 | 116.8 (12) |
C9—C8—H8 | 119.8 | C1—N1—H102 | 114.9 (12) |
C7—C8—H8 | 119.8 | C13—N2—C10 | 120.49 (12) |
C8—C9—C10 | 121.43 (13) | C14—N3—C16 | 105.04 (12) |
C8—C9—H9 | 119.3 | C14—N4—C15 | 107.74 (11) |
C10—C9—H9 | 119.3 | C14—N4—H101 | 126.1 |
C9—C10—C11 | 117.97 (13) | C15—N4—H101 | 126.1 |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −2.1 (2) | C8—C7—C12—C11 | 1.0 (2) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −179.81 (14) | N2—C13—C14—N3 | −172.90 (12) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.4 (2) | N2—C13—C14—N4 | 5.0 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 2.1 (2) | N4—C15—C16—N3 | 0.14 (16) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −1.2 (2) | C8—C7—N1—C1 | 6.8 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −1.3 (2) | C12—C7—N1—C1 | −176.26 (14) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 3.0 (2) | C2—C1—N1—C7 | −130.27 (16) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −179.36 (14) | C6—C1—N1—C7 | 52.1 (2) |
N1—C7—C8—C9 | 175.16 (13) | C14—C13—N2—C10 | −177.30 (11) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −1.8 (2) | C9—C10—N2—C13 | −158.92 (12) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 1.8 (2) | C11—C10—N2—C13 | 25.31 (19) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.8 (2) | N4—C14—N3—C16 | −0.39 (14) |
C8—C9—C10—N2 | −176.86 (12) | C13—C14—N3—C16 | 177.74 (12) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.07 (19) | C15—C16—N3—C14 | 0.15 (15) |
N2—C10—C11—C12 | 175.65 (12) | N3—C14—N4—C15 | 0.49 (15) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | −0.1 (2) | C13—C14—N4—C15 | −177.67 (12) |
N1—C7—C12—C11 | −176.13 (13) | C16—C15—N4—C14 | −0.37 (15) |
Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/N4/C14–C16 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H101···N3i | 0.86 | 2.09 | 2.875 (3) | 151 |
C2—H2···Cg1ii | 0.93 | 2.83 | 3.691 (3) | 155 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z; (ii) −x+3/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/N4/C14–C16 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H101···N3i | 0.86 | 2.09 | 2.875 (3) | 151 |
C2—H2···Cg1ii | 0.93 | 2.83 | 3.691 (3) | 155 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z; (ii) −x+3/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, India, and SERB–DST, New Delhi, for financial assistance (Ref SR/FT/CS-76/2011).
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Schiff bases often exhibit various biological activities and in many cases were shown to have antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antitoxic properties (Lozier et al., 1975). They are used as anion sensors (Dalapati et al., 2011) and as non-linear optics compounds (Sun et al., 2012). The present work is part of an ongoing structural study of Schiff base metal complexes (Faizi & Hussain, 2014; Faizi & Sen, 2014) and we report here the structure of N1-((1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylene)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (IMPD). There are very few examples similar to title compound and their metal complex have been reported in the literature (Thompson et al., 2012; Shue et al., 1994; Garcia et al., 2006). The synthesis of IMPD by condensation of 2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde and N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine has not previously been reported. In the title compound (Fig. 1) IMPD has non planar structure, the dihedral angle between the imidazole and phenylenediamine rings is 30.66 (4) ° and the dihedral angle between the phenylenediamine and N-phenyl rings is 56.63 (7) °. The imine group displays a torsional angle (C10—N2—C13—C14) of 177.29 (2)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by intermolecular N—H···N hydrogen bond interaction generate a one-dimensional chain structure extending along c axis (Table 1, Fig 2). The crystal structure is also stabilized by C—H···π interations between N-phenyl and imidazole and slipped π–π stacking interactions between imidazole rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.516 (4) Å] give an overall two-dimensional layered structure lying parallel to (010) given in Fig 3.