Crystal structure of 2-benzyl­amino-4-(4-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-6,7,8,9-tetra­hydro-5H-cyclo­hepta­[b]pyridine-3-carbo­nitrile

Nagalakshmi, R.A.; Suresh, J.; Maharani, S.; Kumar, R.R.; Lakshman, P.L.N.

doi:10.1107/S1600536814024878

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ISSN: 2056-9890

Volume 70| Part 12| December 2014| Pages 525-527

doi:10.1107/S1600536814024878

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Crystal structure of 2-benzylamino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile

R. A. Nagalakshmi,^a J. Suresh,^a S. Maharani,^b R. Ranjith Kumar ^b and P. L. Nilantha Lakshman ^c ^*

^aDepartment of Physics, The Madura College, Madurai 625 011, India, ^bDepartment of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India, and ^cDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya 81100, Sri Lanka
^*Correspondence e-mail: plakshmannilantha@ymail.com

Edited by H. Stoeckli-Evans, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland (Received 3 November 2014; accepted 12 November 2014; online 19 November 2014)

The title compound, C₂₅H₂₅N₃O, comprises a 2-aminopyridine ring fused with a cycloheptane ring, which adopts a chair conformation. The central pyridine ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.013 Å) carries three substituents, viz. a benzylamino group, a methoxyphenyl ring and a carbonitrile group. The N atom of the carbonitrile group is significantly displaced [by 0.2247 (1) Å] from the plane of the pyridine ring, probably due to steric crowding involving the adjacent substituents. The phenyl and benzene rings are inclined to one another by 58.91 (7)° and to the pyridine ring by 76.68 (7) and 49.80 (6)°, respectively. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N—H⋯N_nitrile hydrogen bonds generate R₂²(14) loops. The dimers are linked by C—H⋯π and slipped parallel π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6532 (3) Å] into a three-dimensional structure.

Keywords: crystal structure; cycloheptapyridine; carbonitrile; hydrogen bonding; C—H⋯π interactions; slipped parallel π–π interactions.

CCDC reference: 1033842

1. Chemical context

The pyridine nucleus is prevalent in numerous natural products and extremely important in the chemistry of biological systems (Bringmann et al., 2004 ). 3-Cyanopyridine or pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives attract particular attention for their wide-spectrum biological activity along with their importance and utility as intermediates in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds (Shishoo et al., 1983 ; Doe et al., 1990 ). 3-Cyanopyridines with different alkyl and aryl/heteroaryl groups have been found to have a number of biological properties including antitubercular, antimicrobial, anticancer, A2A adenosine receptor antagonists (Mantri et al., 2008 ), antihypertensive (Krauze et al., 1985 ), antihistaminic (Quintela et al., 1997 ), anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic (Manna et al., 1999 ) properties. Our interest in the preparation of pharmacologically active 3-cyanopyridines led us to synthesise the title compound and the X-ray crystal structure determination was undertaken in order to establish its conformation.

2. Structural commentary

The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. The pyridine ring is connected to a benzene ring by a –CH₂—NH₂– chain. The cycloheptane ring adopts a chair conformation with puckering parameters Q2 = 0.4634 (15) Å, φ2 = 304.24 (18)° and Q3 = 0.6481 (16) Å and φ3 = 284.37 (12)°. The phenyl (C22–C27) and benzene (C31–C36) rings are inclined to one another by 58.91 (7)° and to the pyridine (N3/C2–C6) ring by 76.68 (7) and 49.80 (6)°, respectively. The N atom of the carbonitrile group, N1, is significantly displaced by 0.2247 (1) Å from the plane of the pyridine ring, perhaps due to steric crowding. The shortening of the C—N distance [C5—N3 = 1.3390 (14) Å] and the opening of the N3—C5—C4 angle to 124.47 (10)° may be attributed to the size of the substituent at C1, and correlates well with the values observed in a similar structure (Çelik et al., 2013 ). There is conjugation between the donor (NH) and the acceptor (CN) groups via the C2—C6 bond. Thus the C6—N2 distance of 1.3502 (14) Å is shorter than the average conjugated C—N single bond, 1.370 (1) Å, found in the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.35; Groom & Allen, 2014 ). Steric hindrances rotate the benzene ring out of the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6)°. This twist may be due to the non-bonded interactions between one of the ortho H atoms of the benzene ring and atom H7B of the cycloheptane ring. As a result of the π–π conjugation of atom O1, the O1—C34 bond length of 1.3618 (15) Å is significantly shorter than the O1—C37 distance of 1.410 (2) Å. An enlargement of bond angle [C33—C34—O1 = 124.34 (13)°] on one side and a narrowing of bond angle [C35—C34—O1 = 116.29 (12)°] on the other side of the benzene ring may be due to the steric repulsion between the aromatic rings and the methyl group, as found in a similar structure (Tokuno et al., 1986 ).

Figure 1
The molecular structure of the title compound, showing the atom labelling. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level.

3. Supramolecular features

In the crystal, molecules are linked via pairs of N—H⋯N_nitrile interactions, forming inversion dimers which enclose $[R_{2}^{2}]$ (14) ring motifs. The dimers are connected through weak C—H⋯π interactions involving the CN group as acceptor (Table 1). They are further connected by slipped parallel π–π stacking interactions involving the pyridine rings of inversion-related molecules [Cg1⋯Cg1ⁱ = 3.6532 (7), normal distance = 3.5920 (5), slippage = 0.667 Å; Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C2–C6 ring; symmetry code: (i) −x + 1, −y + 1, −z + 1], as shown in Fig. 2.

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg1 is the centroid of pyridine ring N3/C2–C6.

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N2—H2⋯N1ⁱ	0.86	2.28	3.0168 (15)	145
C35—H35⋯Cg1ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.99	3.5559 (14)	121
Symmetry codes: (i) -x, -y+1, -z+1; (ii) -x+1, -y, -z+1.

Figure 2
Partial packing diagram for the title compound, viewed along the c axis. Dashed lines represent intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π contacts (see Table 1

for details; H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding have been omitted for clarity).

4. Database survey

In the title compound, the chair conformation of the cyclooctane ring and the planar conformation of the pyridine are similar to those found in the related structure 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine (Çelik et al., 2013). However, the C6—N2H and C1≡N1 groups whose presence in the title compound allows the formation of N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, are not present in the above-cited compound. In the title compound, C—C bonds involving atom C2, which is substituted by the C1≡N1 group [C2—C3 = 1.4024 (15) and C2—C6 = 1.4076 (16) Å] are systematically longer than those found in the related structure [1.392 (4) and 1.378 (4) Å, respectively]. In the title compound, steric hindrance rotates the 4-methoxyphenyl ring (C31–C36) and the phenyl ring (C22–C27), which are inclined to the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6) and 76.68 (7)°, respectively. In the related structure (Çelik et al., 2013), the 4-bromophenyl ring is almost coplanar with the pyridine ring, making a dihedral angle of 8.27 (16)° while the 4-methoxyphenyl ring is inclined to the pyridine ring by 58.63 (15)°, compared with 49.80 (6)° in the title compound.

5. Synthesis and crystallization

A mixture of cycloheptanone (1 mmol), 4-methoxy aldehyde (1 mmol) and malononitrile (1 mmol) and benzylamine (1mmol) was taken in ethanol (10 ml) to which p-TSA (1.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2–3 h. On completion of the reaction, checked by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), the mixture was poured into crushed ice and extracted with ethyl acetate. The excess solvent was removed under vacuum and the residue was subjected to column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate mixture (97:3 v/v) as eluent to afford pure product. The product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate, affording colourless crystals of the title compound. (m.p. 415 K; yield 75%).

6. Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2. The NH and C-bound H atoms were placed in calculated positions and allowed to ride on their carrier atoms: N—H = 0.86 and C—H = 0.93–0.97 Å, with U_iso(H) = 1.5U_eq(C) for methyl H atoms and 1.2U_eq(N,C) for other H atoms. The DELU restraint was applied.

Table 2
Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula	C₂₅H₂₅N₃O
M_r	383.48
Crystal system, space group	Triclinic, P $[\overline{1}]$
Temperature (K)	293
a, b, c (Å)	8.8509 (2), 9.6364 (3), 12.9090 (4)
α, β, γ (°)	72.779 (2), 81.033 (1), 76.457 (1)
V (Å³)	1017.97 (5)
Z	2
Radiation type	Mo Kα
μ (mm⁻¹)	0.08
Crystal size (mm)	0.21 × 0.19 × 0.18

Data collection
Diffractometer	Bruker Kappa APEXII
Absorption correction	Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004 )
T_min, T_max	0.967, 0.974
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections	22986, 3798, 3177
R_int	0.023
(sin θ/λ)_max (Å⁻¹)	0.606

Refinement
R[F² > 2σ(F²)], wR(F²), S	0.035, 0.096, 1.05
No. of reflections	3798
No. of parameters	263
No. of restraints	1
H-atom treatment	H-atom parameters constrained
Δρ_max, Δρ_min (e Å⁻³)	0.14, −0.13
Computer programs: APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2004), SHELXS97 and SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2008 ) and PLATON (Spek, 2009 ).

Supporting information

CCDC reference: 1033842

Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814024878/su5014sup1.cif

Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814024878/su5014Isup2.hkl

Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814024878/su5014Isup3.cml

checkCIF report

Chemical context top

The pyridine nucleus is prevalent in numerous natural products and extremely important in the chemistry of biological systems (Bringmann et al., 2004). 3-Cyanopyridine or pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives attract particular attention for their wide-spectrum biological activity along with their importance and utility as intermediates in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds (Shishoo et al., 1983; Doe et al., 1990). 3-Cyanopyridines with different alkyl and aryl/heteroaryl groups have been found to have a number of biological properties including antitubercular, antimicrobial, anticancer, A2A adenosine receptor antagonists (Mantri et al. , 2008), antihypertensive (Krauze et al., 1985), antihistaminic (Quintela et al., 1997), anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic (Manna et al., 1999) properties. Our interest in the preparation of pharmacologically active 3-cyanopyridines led us to synthesise the title compound and the X-ray crystal structure determination was undertaken to establish its conformation.

Structural commentary top

The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. The pyridine ring is connected to a benzene ring by a –CH₂—NH₂– chain. The cycloheptane ring adopts a chair conformation with puckering parameters Q2 = 0.4634 (15) Å, φ2 = 304.24 (18)° and Q3 = 0.6481 (16) Å and φ3 = 284.37 (12)°. The phenyl (C22–C27) and benzene (C31–C36) rings are inclined to one another by 58.91 (7)° and to the pyridine (N3/C2–C6) ring by 76.68 (7) and 49.80 (6)°, respectively. The N atom of the carbonitrile group, N1, is significantly displaced by 0.2247 (1) Å from the plane of the pyridine ring, perhaps due to steric crowding. The shortening of the C—N distance [C5—N3 = 1.3390 (14) Å] and the opening of the N3—C5—C4 angle to 124.47 (10)° may be attributed to the size of the substituent at C1, and correlates well with the values observed in a similar structure (Çelik et al., 2013). There is conjugation between the donor (NH) and the acceptor (CN) groups via the C2—C6 bond. Thus the C6—N2 distance of 1.3502 (14) Å is shorter than the average conjugated C—N single bond, 1.370 (1) Å, found in the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.35; Groom & Allen, 2014). Steric hindrances rotate the benzene ring out of the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6)°. This twist may be due to the non-bonded interactions between one of the ortho H atoms of the benzene ring and atom H7B of the cycloheptane ring. As a result of the π–π conjugation of atom O1, the O1—C34 bond length of 1.3618 (15) Å is significantly shorter than the O1—C37 distance of 1.410 (2) Å. An enlargement of bond angle [C33—C34—O1 = 124.34 (13)°] on one side and a narrowing of bond angle [C35—C34—O1 = 116.29 (12)°] on the other side of the benzene ring may be due to the steric repulsion between the aromatic rings and the methyl group, as found in a similar structure (Tokuno et al., 1986).

Supramolecular features top

In the crystal, molecules are linked via pairs of N—H···N_nitrile interactions, forming inversion dimers which enclose R₂²(14) ring motifs. The dimers are connected through weak C—H···π interactions involving the CN group as acceptor (Table 1). They are further connected by slipped parallel π–π stacking interactions involving the pyridine rings of inversion-related molecules [Cg1···Cg1ⁱ = 3.6532 (7), normal distance = 3.5920 (5), slippage = 0.667 Å; Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C2–C6 ring; symmetry code: (i) -x+1, -y+1, -z+1], as shown in Fig. 2.

Database survey top

In the title compound, the chair conformation of the cyclooctane ring and the planar conformation of the pyridine are similar to those found in the related structure 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine (Çelik et al., 2013). However, the C6—N2H and C1≡N1 groups whose presence in the title compound allows the formation of N—H···N hydrogen bonds, are not present in the above-cited compound. In the title compound, C—C bonds involving atom C2 substituted by the C1≡N1 group [C2—C3 = 1.4024 (15) and C2—C6 = 1.4076 (16) Å] are systematically longer than those found in the related structure [1.392 (4) and 1.378 (4) Å, respectively]. In the title compound, steric hindrance rotates the 4-methoxyphenyl ring (C31–C36) and the phenyl ring (C22–C27), which are inclined to the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6) and 76.68 (7)°, respectively. In the related structure (Çelik et al., 2013), the 4-bromophenyl ring is almost coplanar with the pyridine ring, making a dihedral angle of 8.27 (16)° while the 4-methoxyphenyl ring is inclined to the pyridine ring by 58.63 (15)°, compared with 49.80 (6)° in the title compound.

Synthesis and crystallization top

A mixture of cycloheptanone (1 mmol), 4-methoxy aldehyde (1 mmol) and malononitrile (1 mmol) and benzylamine (1mmol) was taken in ethanol (10 ml) to which p-TSA (1.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2–3 h. Completion of the reaction checked by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), then the reaction mixture was poured into crushed ice and extracted with ethyl acetate. The excess solvent was removed under vacuum and the residue was subjected to column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate mixture (97:3 v/v) as eluent to afford pure product. The product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate, affording colourless crystals of the title compound. (m.p. 415 K; yield 75%).

Refinement top

Related literature top

For related literature, see: Bringmann et al. (2004); Doe et al. (1990); Groom & Allen (2014); Krauze et al. (1985); Manna et al. (1999); Mantri et al. (2008); Quintela et al. (1997); Shishoo et al. (1983); Tokuno et al. (1986); Çelik et al. (2013).

Structure description top

The pyridine nucleus is prevalent in numerous natural products and extremely important in the chemistry of biological systems (Bringmann et al., 2004). 3-Cyanopyridine or pyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives attract particular attention for their wide-spectrum biological activity along with their importance and utility as intermediates in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds (Shishoo et al., 1983; Doe et al., 1990). 3-Cyanopyridines with different alkyl and aryl/heteroaryl groups have been found to have a number of biological properties including antitubercular, antimicrobial, anticancer, A2A adenosine receptor antagonists (Mantri et al. , 2008), antihypertensive (Krauze et al., 1985), antihistaminic (Quintela et al., 1997), anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic (Manna et al., 1999) properties. Our interest in the preparation of pharmacologically active 3-cyanopyridines led us to synthesise the title compound and the X-ray crystal structure determination was undertaken to establish its conformation.

The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. The pyridine ring is connected to a benzene ring by a –CH₂—NH₂– chain. The cycloheptane ring adopts a chair conformation with puckering parameters Q2 = 0.4634 (15) Å, φ2 = 304.24 (18)° and Q3 = 0.6481 (16) Å and φ3 = 284.37 (12)°. The phenyl (C22–C27) and benzene (C31–C36) rings are inclined to one another by 58.91 (7)° and to the pyridine (N3/C2–C6) ring by 76.68 (7) and 49.80 (6)°, respectively. The N atom of the carbonitrile group, N1, is significantly displaced by 0.2247 (1) Å from the plane of the pyridine ring, perhaps due to steric crowding. The shortening of the C—N distance [C5—N3 = 1.3390 (14) Å] and the opening of the N3—C5—C4 angle to 124.47 (10)° may be attributed to the size of the substituent at C1, and correlates well with the values observed in a similar structure (Çelik et al., 2013). There is conjugation between the donor (NH) and the acceptor (CN) groups via the C2—C6 bond. Thus the C6—N2 distance of 1.3502 (14) Å is shorter than the average conjugated C—N single bond, 1.370 (1) Å, found in the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.35; Groom & Allen, 2014). Steric hindrances rotate the benzene ring out of the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6)°. This twist may be due to the non-bonded interactions between one of the ortho H atoms of the benzene ring and atom H7B of the cycloheptane ring. As a result of the π–π conjugation of atom O1, the O1—C34 bond length of 1.3618 (15) Å is significantly shorter than the O1—C37 distance of 1.410 (2) Å. An enlargement of bond angle [C33—C34—O1 = 124.34 (13)°] on one side and a narrowing of bond angle [C35—C34—O1 = 116.29 (12)°] on the other side of the benzene ring may be due to the steric repulsion between the aromatic rings and the methyl group, as found in a similar structure (Tokuno et al., 1986).

In the title compound, the chair conformation of the cyclooctane ring and the planar conformation of the pyridine are similar to those found in the related structure 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine (Çelik et al., 2013). However, the C6—N2H and C1≡N1 groups whose presence in the title compound allows the formation of N—H···N hydrogen bonds, are not present in the above-cited compound. In the title compound, C—C bonds involving atom C2 substituted by the C1≡N1 group [C2—C3 = 1.4024 (15) and C2—C6 = 1.4076 (16) Å] are systematically longer than those found in the related structure [1.392 (4) and 1.378 (4) Å, respectively]. In the title compound, steric hindrance rotates the 4-methoxyphenyl ring (C31–C36) and the phenyl ring (C22–C27), which are inclined to the plane of the central pyridine ring by 49.80 (6) and 76.68 (7)°, respectively. In the related structure (Çelik et al., 2013), the 4-bromophenyl ring is almost coplanar with the pyridine ring, making a dihedral angle of 8.27 (16)° while the 4-methoxyphenyl ring is inclined to the pyridine ring by 58.63 (15)°, compared with 49.80 (6)° in the title compound.

Synthesis and crystallization top

A mixture of cycloheptanone (1 mmol), 4-methoxy aldehyde (1 mmol) and malononitrile (1 mmol) and benzylamine (1mmol) was taken in ethanol (10 ml) to which p-TSA (1.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for 2–3 h. Completion of the reaction checked by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), then the reaction mixture was poured into crushed ice and extracted with ethyl acetate. The excess solvent was removed under vacuum and the residue was subjected to column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate mixture (97:3 v/v) as eluent to afford pure product. The product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate, affording colourless crystals of the title compound. (m.p. 415 K; yield 75%).

Refinement details top

Computing details top

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2004); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures top

	Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, showing the atom labelling. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level.
	Fig. 2. Partial packing diagram for the title compound, viewed along the c axis. Dashed lines represent intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C—H···π contacts (see Table 1 for details; H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding have been omitted for clarity).

2-Benzylamino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile top

Crystal data top

C₂₅H₂₅N₃O	Z = 2
M_r = 383.48	F(000) = 408
Triclinic, P1	D_x = 1.251 Mg m⁻³
a = 8.8509 (2) Å	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
b = 9.6364 (3) Å	Cell parameters from 2000 reflections
c = 12.9090 (4) Å	θ = 2–31°
α = 72.779 (2)°	µ = 0.08 mm⁻¹
β = 81.033 (1)°	T = 293 K
γ = 76.457 (1)°	Block, colourless
V = 1017.97 (5) Å³	0.21 × 0.19 × 0.18 mm

Data collection top

Bruker Kappa APEXII diffractometer	3177 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	R_int = 0.023
φ & ω scans	θ_max = 25.5°, θ_min = 2.3°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004)	h = −10→10
T_min = 0.967, T_max = 0.974	k = −11→11
22986 measured reflections	l = −15→15
3798 independent reflections

Refinement top

Refinement on F²	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
Least-squares matrix: full	H-atom parameters constrained
R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.035	w = 1/[σ²(F_o²) + (0.0427P)² + 0.190P] where P = (F_o² + 2F_c²)/3
wR(F²) = 0.096	(Δ/σ)_max < 0.001
S = 1.05	Δρ_max = 0.14 e Å⁻³
3798 reflections	Δρ_min = −0.13 e Å⁻³
263 parameters	Extinction correction: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc^*=kFc[1+0.001xFc²λ³/sin(2θ)]^-1/4
1 restraint	Extinction coefficient: 0.028 (3)

Crystal data top

C₂₅H₂₅N₃O	γ = 76.457 (1)°
M_r = 383.48	V = 1017.97 (5) Å³
Triclinic, P1	Z = 2
a = 8.8509 (2) Å	Mo Kα radiation
b = 9.6364 (3) Å	µ = 0.08 mm⁻¹
c = 12.9090 (4) Å	T = 293 K
α = 72.779 (2)°	0.21 × 0.19 × 0.18 mm
β = 81.033 (1)°

Data collection top

Bruker Kappa APEXII diffractometer	3798 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004)	3177 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
T_min = 0.967, T_max = 0.974	R_int = 0.023
22986 measured reflections

Refinement top

R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.035	1 restraint
wR(F²) = 0.096	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.05	Δρ_max = 0.14 e Å⁻³
3798 reflections	Δρ_min = −0.13 e Å⁻³
263 parameters

Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	x	y	z	U_iso*/U_eq
C1	0.22942 (13)	0.36297 (13)	0.46578 (10)	0.0409 (3)
C2	0.36435 (12)	0.33965 (12)	0.52093 (9)	0.0347 (3)
C3	0.51117 (12)	0.26601 (11)	0.48631 (9)	0.0339 (3)
C4	0.63263 (12)	0.23924 (12)	0.55100 (9)	0.0365 (3)
C5	0.60042 (13)	0.28670 (12)	0.64557 (10)	0.0375 (3)
C6	0.34347 (13)	0.38756 (12)	0.61609 (9)	0.0356 (3)
C7	0.79452 (13)	0.15737 (14)	0.52501 (11)	0.0445 (3)
H7A	0.8695	0.2157	0.5264	0.053*
H7B	0.8032	0.1463	0.4519	0.053*
C8	0.83483 (15)	0.00402 (15)	0.60507 (12)	0.0528 (3)
H8A	0.7422	−0.0390	0.6253	0.063*
H8B	0.9128	−0.0595	0.5689	0.063*
C9	0.89589 (17)	0.00700 (17)	0.70713 (13)	0.0653 (4)
H9A	0.9892	0.0490	0.6864	0.078*
H9B	0.9259	−0.0942	0.7509	0.078*
C10	0.78190 (17)	0.09421 (16)	0.77684 (12)	0.0589 (4)
H10A	0.8313	0.0874	0.8406	0.071*
H10B	0.6919	0.0477	0.8018	0.071*
C11	0.72484 (15)	0.25800 (14)	0.72061 (11)	0.0495 (3)
H11A	0.6845	0.3103	0.7759	0.059*
H11B	0.8132	0.2987	0.6791	0.059*
C21	0.16754 (15)	0.51651 (14)	0.74336 (11)	0.0471 (3)
H21A	0.1077	0.6172	0.7243	0.057*
H21B	0.2642	0.5190	0.7687	0.057*
C22	0.07695 (14)	0.42293 (14)	0.83428 (10)	0.0438 (3)
C23	−0.06616 (17)	0.48310 (19)	0.87858 (13)	0.0618 (4)
H23	−0.1098	0.5826	0.8503	0.074*
C24	−0.1451 (2)	0.3967 (3)	0.96458 (15)	0.0812 (5)
H24	−0.2414	0.4385	0.9943	0.097*
C25	−0.0834 (2)	0.2504 (3)	1.00645 (14)	0.0873 (6)
H25	−0.1366	0.1929	1.0650	0.105*
C26	0.0576 (2)	0.1889 (2)	0.96175 (15)	0.0814 (5)
H26	0.0996	0.0888	0.9893	0.098*
C27	0.13711 (18)	0.27461 (17)	0.87634 (12)	0.0608 (4)
H27	0.2329	0.2319	0.8465	0.073*
C31	0.52942 (12)	0.22205 (12)	0.38341 (9)	0.0358 (3)
C32	0.47550 (14)	0.32373 (13)	0.29000 (10)	0.0411 (3)
H32	0.4308	0.4205	0.2920	0.049*
C33	0.48591 (15)	0.28606 (14)	0.19354 (10)	0.0464 (3)
H33	0.4488	0.3569	0.1317	0.056*
C34	0.55151 (14)	0.14306 (15)	0.18936 (11)	0.0457 (3)
C35	0.60779 (15)	0.03992 (14)	0.28153 (11)	0.0494 (3)
H35	0.6533	−0.0565	0.2790	0.059*
C36	0.59703 (14)	0.07863 (13)	0.37677 (10)	0.0432 (3)
H36	0.6356	0.0078	0.4382	0.052*
C37	0.4929 (2)	0.1922 (2)	0.00758 (13)	0.0789 (5)
H37A	0.5107	0.1452	−0.0505	0.118*
H37B	0.3827	0.2179	0.0267	0.118*
H37C	0.5360	0.2803	−0.0158	0.118*
N1	0.11429 (13)	0.38506 (15)	0.42880 (11)	0.0609 (3)
N2	0.20363 (12)	0.46344 (12)	0.64721 (8)	0.0466 (3)
H2	0.1297	0.4817	0.6061	0.056*
N3	0.46071 (11)	0.35839 (10)	0.67815 (8)	0.0389 (2)
O1	0.56525 (13)	0.09400 (12)	0.09900 (8)	0.0639 (3)

Atomic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	U¹¹	U²²	U³³	U¹²	U¹³	U²³
C1	0.0330 (6)	0.0428 (7)	0.0465 (7)	−0.0009 (5)	−0.0026 (5)	−0.0170 (5)
C2	0.0319 (5)	0.0311 (5)	0.0385 (6)	−0.0031 (4)	−0.0034 (4)	−0.0082 (5)
C3	0.0323 (6)	0.0271 (5)	0.0391 (6)	−0.0052 (4)	−0.0001 (5)	−0.0062 (4)
C4	0.0305 (6)	0.0319 (6)	0.0435 (7)	−0.0044 (4)	−0.0015 (5)	−0.0070 (5)
C5	0.0348 (6)	0.0307 (6)	0.0449 (7)	−0.0055 (5)	−0.0063 (5)	−0.0068 (5)
C6	0.0329 (6)	0.0307 (6)	0.0392 (6)	−0.0025 (4)	−0.0018 (5)	−0.0072 (5)
C7	0.0293 (6)	0.0477 (7)	0.0522 (7)	−0.0033 (5)	−0.0003 (5)	−0.0122 (6)
C8	0.0375 (7)	0.0459 (7)	0.0657 (9)	0.0053 (5)	−0.0003 (6)	−0.0139 (6)
C9	0.0504 (8)	0.0565 (9)	0.0750 (10)	0.0083 (7)	−0.0177 (7)	−0.0054 (8)
C10	0.0580 (8)	0.0564 (8)	0.0558 (9)	0.0014 (7)	−0.0214 (7)	−0.0070 (7)
C11	0.0437 (7)	0.0491 (7)	0.0576 (8)	−0.0049 (6)	−0.0165 (6)	−0.0147 (6)
C21	0.0447 (7)	0.0457 (7)	0.0514 (8)	−0.0041 (5)	0.0035 (6)	−0.0218 (6)
C22	0.0416 (6)	0.0521 (7)	0.0424 (7)	−0.0079 (5)	−0.0061 (5)	−0.0198 (6)
C23	0.0473 (8)	0.0730 (10)	0.0633 (9)	−0.0085 (7)	0.0044 (7)	−0.0234 (8)
C24	0.0555 (9)	0.1198 (17)	0.0688 (11)	−0.0296 (10)	0.0128 (8)	−0.0266 (11)
C25	0.0843 (13)	0.1211 (17)	0.0583 (10)	−0.0573 (13)	−0.0036 (9)	0.0001 (11)
C26	0.0897 (13)	0.0735 (11)	0.0731 (11)	−0.0277 (10)	−0.0196 (10)	0.0070 (9)
C27	0.0603 (9)	0.0583 (9)	0.0593 (9)	−0.0069 (7)	−0.0090 (7)	−0.0114 (7)
C31	0.0298 (5)	0.0352 (6)	0.0416 (6)	−0.0066 (4)	0.0021 (5)	−0.0121 (5)
C32	0.0416 (6)	0.0363 (6)	0.0458 (7)	−0.0043 (5)	−0.0034 (5)	−0.0146 (5)
C33	0.0480 (7)	0.0489 (7)	0.0423 (7)	−0.0089 (6)	−0.0038 (5)	−0.0133 (6)
C34	0.0421 (7)	0.0531 (7)	0.0489 (7)	−0.0151 (6)	0.0079 (5)	−0.0262 (6)
C35	0.0503 (7)	0.0394 (7)	0.0584 (8)	−0.0057 (5)	0.0074 (6)	−0.0219 (6)
C36	0.0415 (6)	0.0364 (6)	0.0475 (7)	−0.0043 (5)	0.0033 (5)	−0.0117 (5)
C37	0.0974 (13)	0.0970 (13)	0.0560 (10)	−0.0224 (11)	−0.0081 (9)	−0.0384 (10)
N1	0.0385 (6)	0.0780 (9)	0.0695 (8)	0.0018 (6)	−0.0126 (6)	−0.0316 (7)
N2	0.0364 (5)	0.0562 (6)	0.0435 (6)	0.0055 (5)	−0.0036 (4)	−0.0196 (5)
N3	0.0380 (5)	0.0348 (5)	0.0433 (6)	−0.0025 (4)	−0.0067 (4)	−0.0119 (4)
O1	0.0726 (7)	0.0731 (7)	0.0567 (6)	−0.0153 (5)	0.0037 (5)	−0.0381 (5)

Geometric parameters (Å, º) top

C1—N1	1.1407 (16)	C21—H21B	0.9700
C1—C2	1.4242 (16)	C22—C23	1.3763 (19)
C2—C3	1.4024 (15)	C22—C27	1.377 (2)
C2—C6	1.4076 (16)	C23—C24	1.377 (2)
C3—C4	1.3935 (16)	C23—H23	0.9300
C3—C31	1.4848 (16)	C24—C25	1.363 (3)
C4—C5	1.3935 (17)	C24—H24	0.9300
C4—C7	1.5052 (15)	C25—C26	1.368 (3)
C5—N3	1.3390 (14)	C25—H25	0.9300
C5—C11	1.5029 (16)	C26—C27	1.373 (2)
C6—N3	1.3367 (15)	C26—H26	0.9300
C6—N2	1.3502 (14)	C27—H27	0.9300
C7—C8	1.5307 (17)	C31—C32	1.3794 (17)
C7—H7A	0.9700	C31—C36	1.3936 (16)
C7—H7B	0.9700	C32—C33	1.3809 (17)
C8—C9	1.510 (2)	C32—H32	0.9300
C8—H8A	0.9700	C33—C34	1.3778 (18)
C8—H8B	0.9700	C33—H33	0.9300
C9—C10	1.517 (2)	C34—O1	1.3618 (15)
C9—H9A	0.9700	C34—C35	1.3800 (19)
C9—H9B	0.9700	C35—C36	1.3704 (18)
C10—C11	1.5283 (18)	C35—H35	0.9300
C10—H10A	0.9700	C36—H36	0.9300
C10—H10B	0.9700	C37—O1	1.410 (2)
C11—H11A	0.9700	C37—H37A	0.9600
C11—H11B	0.9700	C37—H37B	0.9600
C21—N2	1.4422 (16)	C37—H37C	0.9600
C21—C22	1.5007 (18)	N2—H2	0.8600
C21—H21A	0.9700

N1—C1—C2	174.35 (13)	C22—C21—H21B	108.9
C3—C2—C6	120.54 (10)	H21A—C21—H21B	107.7
C3—C2—C1	122.31 (10)	C23—C22—C27	118.53 (13)
C6—C2—C1	117.08 (10)	C23—C22—C21	121.14 (12)
C4—C3—C2	117.51 (10)	C27—C22—C21	120.32 (12)
C4—C3—C31	123.69 (10)	C22—C23—C24	120.32 (16)
C2—C3—C31	118.80 (10)	C22—C23—H23	119.8
C3—C4—C5	118.10 (10)	C24—C23—H23	119.8
C3—C4—C7	122.90 (11)	C25—C24—C23	120.59 (17)
C5—C4—C7	118.97 (10)	C25—C24—H24	119.7
N3—C5—C4	124.47 (10)	C23—C24—H24	119.7
N3—C5—C11	114.61 (11)	C24—C25—C26	119.55 (16)
C4—C5—C11	120.92 (10)	C24—C25—H25	120.2
N3—C6—N2	118.40 (10)	C26—C25—H25	120.2
N3—C6—C2	121.02 (10)	C25—C26—C27	120.14 (17)
N2—C6—C2	120.58 (10)	C25—C26—H26	119.9
C4—C7—C8	112.62 (10)	C27—C26—H26	119.9
C4—C7—H7A	109.1	C26—C27—C22	120.86 (15)
C8—C7—H7A	109.1	C26—C27—H27	119.6
C4—C7—H7B	109.1	C22—C27—H27	119.6
C8—C7—H7B	109.1	C32—C31—C36	117.32 (11)
H7A—C7—H7B	107.8	C32—C31—C3	120.14 (10)
C9—C8—C7	113.46 (12)	C36—C31—C3	122.52 (11)
C9—C8—H8A	108.9	C31—C32—C33	121.92 (11)
C7—C8—H8A	108.9	C31—C32—H32	119.0
C9—C8—H8B	108.9	C33—C32—H32	119.0
C7—C8—H8B	108.9	C34—C33—C32	119.68 (12)
H8A—C8—H8B	107.7	C34—C33—H33	120.2
C8—C9—C10	115.00 (11)	C32—C33—H33	120.2
C8—C9—H9A	108.5	O1—C34—C33	124.34 (13)
C10—C9—H9A	108.5	O1—C34—C35	116.29 (12)
C8—C9—H9B	108.5	C33—C34—C35	119.38 (12)
C10—C9—H9B	108.5	C36—C35—C34	120.43 (11)
H9A—C9—H9B	107.5	C36—C35—H35	119.8
C9—C10—C11	115.37 (13)	C34—C35—H35	119.8
C9—C10—H10A	108.4	C35—C36—C31	121.27 (12)
C11—C10—H10A	108.4	C35—C36—H36	119.4
C9—C10—H10B	108.4	C31—C36—H36	119.4
C11—C10—H10B	108.4	O1—C37—H37A	109.5
H10A—C10—H10B	107.5	O1—C37—H37B	109.5
C5—C11—C10	114.29 (11)	H37A—C37—H37B	109.5
C5—C11—H11A	108.7	O1—C37—H37C	109.5
C10—C11—H11A	108.7	H37A—C37—H37C	109.5
C5—C11—H11B	108.7	H37B—C37—H37C	109.5
C10—C11—H11B	108.7	C6—N2—C21	125.66 (11)
H11A—C11—H11B	107.6	C6—N2—H2	117.2
N2—C21—C22	113.29 (10)	C21—N2—H2	117.2
N2—C21—H21A	108.9	C6—N3—C5	118.31 (10)
C22—C21—H21A	108.9	C34—O1—C37	117.32 (12)
N2—C21—H21B	108.9

C6—C2—C3—C4	1.68 (15)	C23—C24—C25—C26	−0.7 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−175.20 (10)	C24—C25—C26—C27	0.9 (3)
C6—C2—C3—C31	−177.87 (10)	C25—C26—C27—C22	−0.1 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C31	5.26 (16)	C23—C22—C27—C26	−1.1 (2)
C2—C3—C4—C5	0.20 (15)	C21—C22—C27—C26	177.95 (14)
C31—C3—C4—C5	179.73 (10)	C4—C3—C31—C32	−130.14 (12)
C2—C3—C4—C7	178.13 (10)	C2—C3—C31—C32	49.38 (14)
C31—C3—C4—C7	−2.35 (17)	C4—C3—C31—C36	51.31 (16)
C3—C4—C5—N3	−0.95 (17)	C2—C3—C31—C36	−129.17 (12)
C7—C4—C5—N3	−178.96 (10)	C36—C31—C32—C33	0.64 (17)
C3—C4—C5—C11	178.41 (10)	C3—C31—C32—C33	−177.98 (10)
C7—C4—C5—C11	0.40 (16)	C31—C32—C33—C34	0.14 (19)
C3—C2—C6—N3	−3.01 (16)	C32—C33—C34—O1	178.99 (11)
C1—C2—C6—N3	174.02 (10)	C32—C33—C34—C35	−0.84 (18)
C3—C2—C6—N2	177.46 (10)	O1—C34—C35—C36	−179.08 (11)
C1—C2—C6—N2	−5.51 (16)	C33—C34—C35—C36	0.76 (19)
C3—C4—C7—C8	−109.94 (13)	C34—C35—C36—C31	0.04 (19)
C5—C4—C7—C8	67.96 (14)	C32—C31—C36—C35	−0.73 (17)
C4—C7—C8—C9	−84.84 (14)	C3—C31—C36—C35	177.86 (11)
C7—C8—C9—C10	62.48 (17)	N3—C6—N2—C21	−0.36 (18)
C8—C9—C10—C11	−59.44 (18)	C2—C6—N2—C21	179.18 (11)
N3—C5—C11—C10	113.46 (13)	C22—C21—N2—C6	−102.67 (14)
C4—C5—C11—C10	−65.96 (16)	N2—C6—N3—C5	−178.20 (10)
C9—C10—C11—C5	78.27 (16)	C2—C6—N3—C5	2.26 (16)
N2—C21—C22—C23	−122.40 (13)	C4—C5—N3—C6	−0.30 (16)
N2—C21—C22—C27	58.62 (16)	C11—C5—N3—C6	−179.69 (10)
C27—C22—C23—C24	1.3 (2)	C33—C34—O1—C37	−6.89 (19)
C21—C22—C23—C24	−177.67 (14)	C35—C34—O1—C37	172.95 (13)
C22—C23—C24—C25	−0.5 (3)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top

Cg1 is the centroid of pyridine ring N3/C2–C6.

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N2—H2···N1ⁱ	0.86	2.28	3.0168 (15)	145
C35—H35···Cg1ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.99	3.5559 (14)	121

Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y, −z+1.

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top

Cg1 is the centroid of pyridine ring N3/C2–C6.

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N2—H2···N1ⁱ	0.86	2.28	3.0168 (15)	145
C35—H35···Cg1ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.99	3.5559 (14)	121

Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y, −z+1.

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula	C₂₅H₂₅N₃O
M_r	383.48
Crystal system, space group	Triclinic, P1
Temperature (K)	293
a, b, c (Å)	8.8509 (2), 9.6364 (3), 12.9090 (4)
α, β, γ (°)	72.779 (2), 81.033 (1), 76.457 (1)
V (Å³)	1017.97 (5)
Z	2
Radiation type	Mo Kα
µ (mm⁻¹)	0.08
Crystal size (mm)	0.21 × 0.19 × 0.18

Data collection
Diffractometer	Bruker Kappa APEXII
Absorption correction	Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004)
T_min, T_max	0.967, 0.974
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections	22986, 3798, 3177
R_int	0.023
(sin θ/λ)_max (Å⁻¹)	0.606

Refinement
R[F² > 2σ(F²)], wR(F²), S	0.035, 0.096, 1.05
No. of reflections	3798
No. of parameters	263
No. of restraints	1
H-atom treatment	H-atom parameters constrained
Δρ_max, Δρ_min (e Å⁻³)	0.14, −0.13

Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004), SAINT (Bruker, 2004), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2008), PLATON (Spek, 2009).

Acknowledgements

JS and RAN thank the management of The Madura College (Autonomous), Madurai, for their encouragement and support. RRK thanks the University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for funding through Major Research Project F. No. 42–242/2013 (SR).

References

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Volume 70| Part 12| December 2014| Pages 525-527

doi:10.1107/S1600536814024878

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research communications\(\def\hfill{\hskip 5em}\def\hfil{\hskip 3em}\def\eqno#1{\hfil {#1}}\)

Crystal structure of 2-benzyl­amino-4-(4-meth­­oxy­phen­yl)-6,7,8,9-tetra­hydro-5H-cyclo­hepta­[b]pyridine-3-carbo­nitrile

1. Chemical context

2. Structural commentary

3. Supra­molecular features

4. Database survey

5. Synthesis and crystallization

6. Refinement

Supporting information

Acknowledgements

References

research communications

Crystal structure of 2-benzylamino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile

3. Supramolecular features