organic compounds
E)-1-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
of (aDepartment of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamilnadu, India, bDepartment of Physics, Kunthavai Naachiar Government Arts College (W) (Autonomous), Thanjavur 613 007, Tamilnadu, India, and cPostgraduate Research Department of Physics, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur 613 005, Tamilnadu, India
*Correspondence e-mail: thiruvalluvar.a@gmail.com
In the title compound, C21H15NO3, the molecule has an E conformation about the C=C bond, and the C—C=C—C torsion angle is −178.24 (18)°. In the molecule, the planes of the terminal rings are twisted by an angle of 42.19 (10)°, while the biphenyl part is not planar, with a dihedral angle between the rings of 39.2 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the nitrophenyl ring and the inner benzene ring is 5.56 (9)°. The 3-nitro group is approximately coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is attached [O—N—C—C = 0.1 (3)°]. In the crystal, molecules are linked via C—H⋯π interactions, involving the terminal benzene rings, forming corrugated layers parallel to (100).
Keywords: crystal structure; chalcones; C—H⋯π interactions.
CCDC reference: 991338
1. Related literature
For the biological activities of ); Liu et al. (2008); Wu et al. (2010); Singh et al. (2012). For non-linear optical (NLO) properties of chalcone derivatives, see: Uchida et al. (1998); Indira et al. (2002). For the crystal structures of related compounds, see: Shanthi et al. (2014); Vidhyasagar et al. (2015a,b).
see: Nowakowska (20072. Experimental
2.1. Crystal data
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2.3. Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT and XPREP (Bruker, 2004); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014, PLATON (Spek, 2009) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 991338
10.1107/S2056989015000523/su5060sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015000523/su5060Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015000523/su5060Isup3.cdx
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015000523/su5060Isup4.cml
A mixture of 4-acetylbiphenyl (1.96 g, 10 mmol) and 3-nitro benzaldehyde (1.07 g, 10 mmol) in ethanol (25 ml) in the presence of NaOH (10 ml 30%) were heated in a water bath for 30 min. and then allowed to cool. The solid that separated was filtered and recrystallized from ethanol. The yellow crystals of the title compound used for the X-ray diffraction study were grown by slow evaporation from acetone (yield: 2.5 g; 75%).
All H-atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their parent atoms: C—H = 0.93 Å with Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell
APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT and XPREP (Bruker, 2004); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015), PLATON (Spek, 2009) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, with atom labelling. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. A view along the b axis of the crystal packing of the title compound. The C-H···π interactions are shown as dashed lines (see Table 1 for details; for clarity only the H atoms participating in these interactions are shown). |
C21H15NO3 | F(000) = 1376 |
Mr = 329.34 | Dx = 1.363 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Melting point: 462.9 K |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 17.6546 (5) Å | Cell parameters from 9326 reflections |
b = 6.1464 (2) Å | θ = 2.5–15.9° |
c = 30.0234 (9) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
β = 99.899 (4)° | T = 296 K |
V = 3209.40 (17) Å3 | Block, yellow |
Z = 8 | 0.35 × 0.35 × 0.30 mm |
Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3170 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2500 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.026 |
ω and ϕ scan | θmax = 26.1°, θmin = 2.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004) | h = −21→21 |
Tmin = 0.691, Tmax = 0.745 | k = −7→7 |
26025 measured reflections | l = −37→36 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.138 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.08 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0541P)2 + 3.3754P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3170 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
226 parameters | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
C21H15NO3 | V = 3209.40 (17) Å3 |
Mr = 329.34 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 17.6546 (5) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
b = 6.1464 (2) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 30.0234 (9) Å | 0.35 × 0.35 × 0.30 mm |
β = 99.899 (4)° |
Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3170 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004) | 2500 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.691, Tmax = 0.745 | Rint = 0.026 |
26025 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.138 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.08 | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
3170 reflections | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
226 parameters |
Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.57652 (12) | 0.4252 (3) | −0.19910 (6) | 0.0883 (8) | |
O2 | 0.58837 (11) | 0.7332 (3) | −0.16537 (6) | 0.0773 (7) | |
O3 | 0.39281 (11) | 1.0140 (3) | 0.01671 (6) | 0.0693 (6) | |
N1 | 0.56468 (10) | 0.5469 (3) | −0.16914 (6) | 0.0562 (7) | |
C1 | 0.51892 (10) | 0.4648 (3) | −0.13607 (6) | 0.0420 (6) | |
C2 | 0.50490 (10) | 0.6028 (3) | −0.10237 (6) | 0.0407 (6) | |
C3 | 0.45859 (11) | 0.5329 (3) | −0.07197 (6) | 0.0404 (6) | |
C4 | 0.43071 (12) | 0.3208 (3) | −0.07611 (7) | 0.0486 (7) | |
C5 | 0.44639 (12) | 0.1864 (3) | −0.10995 (8) | 0.0544 (7) | |
C6 | 0.49053 (12) | 0.2569 (4) | −0.14085 (7) | 0.0506 (7) | |
C7 | 0.43910 (11) | 0.6866 (3) | −0.03818 (6) | 0.0458 (6) | |
C8 | 0.38646 (11) | 0.6597 (3) | −0.01229 (7) | 0.0475 (7) | |
C9 | 0.37029 (11) | 0.8276 (3) | 0.01956 (6) | 0.0454 (6) | |
C10 | 0.32643 (10) | 0.7680 (3) | 0.05601 (6) | 0.0398 (6) | |
C11 | 0.31668 (12) | 0.9253 (3) | 0.08779 (7) | 0.0487 (7) | |
C12 | 0.27956 (12) | 0.8788 (3) | 0.12315 (7) | 0.0485 (7) | |
C13 | 0.25004 (11) | 0.6723 (3) | 0.12863 (6) | 0.0386 (5) | |
C14 | 0.25952 (11) | 0.5155 (3) | 0.09672 (6) | 0.0422 (6) | |
C15 | 0.29722 (11) | 0.5609 (3) | 0.06115 (6) | 0.0433 (6) | |
C16 | 0.21041 (11) | 0.6233 (3) | 0.16715 (6) | 0.0397 (6) | |
C17 | 0.16140 (11) | 0.7741 (3) | 0.18176 (7) | 0.0470 (6) | |
C18 | 0.12348 (13) | 0.7254 (4) | 0.21715 (7) | 0.0570 (8) | |
C19 | 0.13376 (13) | 0.5265 (4) | 0.23841 (7) | 0.0586 (8) | |
C20 | 0.18328 (13) | 0.3770 (4) | 0.22494 (7) | 0.0545 (7) | |
C21 | 0.22157 (12) | 0.4246 (3) | 0.18959 (6) | 0.0461 (6) | |
H2 | 0.52615 | 0.74161 | −0.09987 | 0.0488* | |
H4 | 0.40097 | 0.26912 | −0.05564 | 0.0582* | |
H5 | 0.42694 | 0.04543 | −0.11206 | 0.0653* | |
H6 | 0.50062 | 0.16684 | −0.16403 | 0.0607* | |
H7 | 0.46667 | 0.81623 | −0.03468 | 0.0549* | |
H8 | 0.35878 | 0.53030 | −0.01430 | 0.0570* | |
H11 | 0.33570 | 1.06482 | 0.08500 | 0.0584* | |
H12 | 0.27398 | 0.98736 | 0.14392 | 0.0582* | |
H14 | 0.23999 | 0.37647 | 0.09938 | 0.0506* | |
H15 | 0.30313 | 0.45231 | 0.04045 | 0.0520* | |
H17 | 0.15406 | 0.90890 | 0.16762 | 0.0564* | |
H18 | 0.09084 | 0.82768 | 0.22665 | 0.0683* | |
H19 | 0.10733 | 0.49326 | 0.26179 | 0.0703* | |
H20 | 0.19103 | 0.24360 | 0.23963 | 0.0654* | |
H21 | 0.25507 | 0.32293 | 0.18074 | 0.0554* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.1143 (15) | 0.0909 (14) | 0.0732 (12) | −0.0074 (12) | 0.0544 (11) | −0.0205 (11) |
O2 | 0.0927 (13) | 0.0690 (12) | 0.0825 (12) | −0.0205 (10) | 0.0494 (10) | −0.0031 (10) |
O3 | 0.0946 (12) | 0.0492 (9) | 0.0733 (11) | −0.0190 (9) | 0.0408 (10) | −0.0026 (8) |
N1 | 0.0556 (11) | 0.0650 (13) | 0.0523 (10) | 0.0023 (10) | 0.0215 (9) | −0.0020 (9) |
C1 | 0.0377 (10) | 0.0457 (11) | 0.0434 (10) | 0.0031 (8) | 0.0092 (8) | 0.0021 (8) |
C2 | 0.0402 (10) | 0.0382 (10) | 0.0442 (10) | −0.0031 (8) | 0.0088 (8) | 0.0019 (8) |
C3 | 0.0422 (10) | 0.0416 (10) | 0.0370 (9) | −0.0048 (8) | 0.0056 (8) | 0.0031 (8) |
C4 | 0.0500 (11) | 0.0459 (12) | 0.0503 (11) | −0.0088 (9) | 0.0102 (9) | 0.0054 (9) |
C5 | 0.0563 (13) | 0.0384 (11) | 0.0686 (14) | −0.0081 (10) | 0.0107 (10) | −0.0008 (10) |
C6 | 0.0488 (11) | 0.0497 (12) | 0.0527 (12) | 0.0032 (10) | 0.0067 (9) | −0.0095 (10) |
C7 | 0.0531 (12) | 0.0428 (11) | 0.0431 (10) | −0.0056 (9) | 0.0132 (9) | −0.0008 (9) |
C8 | 0.0507 (11) | 0.0485 (12) | 0.0462 (11) | −0.0119 (9) | 0.0168 (9) | −0.0038 (9) |
C9 | 0.0480 (11) | 0.0453 (11) | 0.0434 (10) | −0.0076 (9) | 0.0092 (8) | −0.0002 (9) |
C10 | 0.0417 (10) | 0.0395 (10) | 0.0383 (9) | −0.0011 (8) | 0.0074 (8) | 0.0017 (8) |
C11 | 0.0619 (13) | 0.0327 (10) | 0.0537 (12) | −0.0081 (9) | 0.0166 (10) | −0.0037 (9) |
C12 | 0.0684 (13) | 0.0342 (10) | 0.0460 (11) | −0.0029 (9) | 0.0183 (10) | −0.0070 (9) |
C13 | 0.0440 (10) | 0.0342 (9) | 0.0369 (9) | 0.0023 (8) | 0.0051 (8) | −0.0004 (8) |
C14 | 0.0531 (11) | 0.0316 (9) | 0.0432 (10) | −0.0051 (8) | 0.0124 (9) | −0.0014 (8) |
C15 | 0.0519 (11) | 0.0384 (10) | 0.0414 (10) | −0.0036 (9) | 0.0129 (8) | −0.0072 (8) |
C16 | 0.0457 (10) | 0.0374 (10) | 0.0353 (9) | −0.0015 (8) | 0.0049 (8) | −0.0034 (8) |
C17 | 0.0542 (12) | 0.0417 (11) | 0.0446 (10) | 0.0055 (9) | 0.0069 (9) | −0.0014 (9) |
C18 | 0.0578 (13) | 0.0665 (15) | 0.0493 (12) | 0.0100 (11) | 0.0170 (10) | −0.0055 (11) |
C19 | 0.0648 (14) | 0.0724 (16) | 0.0415 (11) | −0.0057 (12) | 0.0175 (10) | −0.0007 (11) |
C20 | 0.0713 (14) | 0.0500 (12) | 0.0424 (11) | −0.0045 (11) | 0.0107 (10) | 0.0051 (9) |
C21 | 0.0580 (12) | 0.0384 (10) | 0.0423 (10) | 0.0015 (9) | 0.0095 (9) | −0.0021 (8) |
O1—N1 | 1.215 (3) | C16—C17 | 1.390 (3) |
O2—N1 | 1.218 (3) | C16—C21 | 1.392 (3) |
O3—C9 | 1.221 (3) | C17—C18 | 1.383 (3) |
N1—C1 | 1.473 (3) | C18—C19 | 1.377 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.375 (3) | C19—C20 | 1.376 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.371 (3) | C20—C21 | 1.384 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.394 (3) | C2—H2 | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.392 (3) | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
C3—C7 | 1.470 (3) | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
C4—C5 | 1.374 (3) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
C5—C6 | 1.380 (3) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
C7—C8 | 1.320 (3) | C8—H8 | 0.9300 |
C8—C9 | 1.468 (3) | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C9—C10 | 1.491 (3) | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
C10—C11 | 1.390 (3) | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
C10—C15 | 1.392 (3) | C15—H15 | 0.9300 |
C11—C12 | 1.370 (3) | C17—H17 | 0.9300 |
C12—C13 | 1.393 (3) | C18—H18 | 0.9300 |
C13—C14 | 1.389 (3) | C19—H19 | 0.9300 |
C13—C16 | 1.482 (3) | C20—H20 | 0.9300 |
C14—C15 | 1.381 (3) | C21—H21 | 0.9300 |
O1—N1—O2 | 123.20 (19) | C18—C19—C20 | 119.8 (2) |
O1—N1—C1 | 118.18 (18) | C19—C20—C21 | 120.2 (2) |
O2—N1—C1 | 118.62 (17) | C16—C21—C20 | 120.62 (19) |
N1—C1—C2 | 118.28 (16) | C1—C2—H2 | 120.00 |
N1—C1—C6 | 118.80 (17) | C3—C2—H2 | 120.00 |
C2—C1—C6 | 122.90 (18) | C3—C4—H4 | 119.00 |
C1—C2—C3 | 119.46 (17) | C5—C4—H4 | 119.00 |
C2—C3—C4 | 117.94 (17) | C4—C5—H5 | 119.00 |
C2—C3—C7 | 119.16 (17) | C6—C5—H5 | 119.00 |
C4—C3—C7 | 122.87 (17) | C1—C6—H6 | 121.00 |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.08 (19) | C5—C6—H6 | 121.00 |
C4—C5—C6 | 121.14 (19) | C3—C7—H7 | 117.00 |
C1—C6—C5 | 117.44 (19) | C8—C7—H7 | 117.00 |
C3—C7—C8 | 126.72 (18) | C7—C8—H8 | 119.00 |
C7—C8—C9 | 122.06 (17) | C9—C8—H8 | 119.00 |
O3—C9—C8 | 120.80 (18) | C10—C11—H11 | 119.00 |
O3—C9—C10 | 119.91 (18) | C12—C11—H11 | 119.00 |
C8—C9—C10 | 119.28 (16) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.00 |
C9—C10—C11 | 118.31 (17) | C13—C12—H12 | 119.00 |
C9—C10—C15 | 123.72 (16) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.00 |
C11—C10—C15 | 117.91 (17) | C15—C14—H14 | 119.00 |
C10—C11—C12 | 121.27 (17) | C10—C15—H15 | 120.00 |
C11—C12—C13 | 121.35 (18) | C14—C15—H15 | 120.00 |
C12—C13—C14 | 117.32 (17) | C16—C17—H17 | 120.00 |
C12—C13—C16 | 120.93 (17) | C18—C17—H17 | 120.00 |
C14—C13—C16 | 121.75 (17) | C17—C18—H18 | 120.00 |
C13—C14—C15 | 121.64 (17) | C19—C18—H18 | 120.00 |
C10—C15—C14 | 120.51 (17) | C18—C19—H19 | 120.00 |
C13—C16—C17 | 120.93 (17) | C20—C19—H19 | 120.00 |
C13—C16—C21 | 120.62 (17) | C19—C20—H20 | 120.00 |
C17—C16—C21 | 118.45 (17) | C21—C20—H20 | 120.00 |
C16—C17—C18 | 120.55 (19) | C16—C21—H21 | 120.00 |
C17—C18—C19 | 120.4 (2) | C20—C21—H21 | 120.00 |
O1—N1—C1—C2 | −179.46 (19) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −177.45 (19) |
O2—N1—C1—C2 | 0.1 (3) | C15—C10—C11—C12 | 0.0 (3) |
O1—N1—C1—C6 | −1.1 (3) | C9—C10—C15—C14 | 177.65 (18) |
O2—N1—C1—C6 | 178.40 (19) | C11—C10—C15—C14 | 0.3 (3) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 176.84 (17) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.1 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −1.4 (3) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.2 (3) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −178.54 (18) | C11—C12—C13—C16 | 179.62 (19) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.3 (3) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | 0.6 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 2.5 (3) | C16—C13—C14—C15 | −179.26 (18) |
C1—C2—C3—C7 | −175.45 (17) | C12—C13—C16—C17 | 39.4 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −1.9 (3) | C12—C13—C16—C21 | −140.6 (2) |
C7—C3—C4—C5 | 175.90 (19) | C14—C13—C16—C17 | −140.8 (2) |
C2—C3—C7—C8 | 167.81 (19) | C14—C13—C16—C21 | 39.3 (3) |
C4—C3—C7—C8 | −10.0 (3) | C13—C14—C15—C10 | −0.6 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.3 (3) | C13—C16—C17—C18 | 178.72 (19) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.9 (3) | C21—C16—C17—C18 | −1.4 (3) |
C3—C7—C8—C9 | −178.24 (18) | C13—C16—C21—C20 | −178.60 (19) |
C7—C8—C9—O3 | 15.5 (3) | C17—C16—C21—C20 | 1.5 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −163.88 (18) | C16—C17—C18—C19 | 0.0 (3) |
O3—C9—C10—C11 | −4.1 (3) | C17—C18—C19—C20 | 1.3 (3) |
O3—C9—C10—C15 | 178.56 (19) | C18—C19—C20—C21 | −1.2 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | 175.31 (18) | C19—C20—C21—C16 | −0.2 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C15 | −2.0 (3) |
Cg1 and Cg3 are the centroids of the nitrobenzene ring C1–C6 and the phenyl ring C16–C21, respectively. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C17—H17···Cg1i | 0.93 | 2.93 | 3.637 (2) | 133 |
C20—H20···Cg3ii | 0.93 | 2.90 | 3.565 (2) | 129 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (ii) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Cg1 and Cg3 are the centroids of the nitrobenzene ring C1–C6 and the phenyl ring C16–C21, respectively. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C17—H17···Cg1i | 0.93 | 2.93 | 3.637 (2) | 133 |
C20—H20···Cg3ii | 0.93 | 2.90 | 3.565 (2) | 129 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (ii) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), IITM, Chennai 600 036, Tamilnadu, India, for the single-crystal X-ray data.
References
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Chalcones and their analogs have been used for a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antioxidant activities (Nowakowska, 2007; Liu et al. 2008; Wu et al. 2010; Singh et al. 2012). Chalcone derivatives also show considerable promise as organic non-linear optical materials (Uchida et al., 1998; Indira et al., (2002). The crystal structures of related compounds have been reported (Shanthi et al., 2014; Vidhyasagar et al., 2015a,b). As part of our on-going research on biphenyl chalcone derivatives, the title compound was synthesized and its crystal structure is reported on herein.
In the title compound, Fig. 1, the molecule exists as an E conformer with the C3—C7—C8—C9 torsion angle being -178.24 (18)°. The terminal rings (C1—C6) and (C16—C21) are twisted by an angle of 42.19 (10)°, while the biphenyl (C10—C15 and C16—C21) part is not planar, the dihedral angle between the planes of these rings being 39.2 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings (C1—C6) and (C10—C15) is 5.56 (9)°. The 3-nitro group is approximately coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is attached [O2—N1—C1—C2 = 0.1 (3)°].
In the crystal, molecules are linked via C-H···π interactions, involving the terminal benzene rings (C1—C6) and (C16—C21), forming corrugated layers parallel to (100); see Table 1 and Fig. 2.