organic compounds
E)-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)carboximidoyl]phenol dihydrate
of 4-bromo-2-[(aDepartment of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA, bChemistry and Environmental Division, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, England, cChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, 61519 El-Minia, Egypt, dDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey, eDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt, and fKirkuk University, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Kirkuk, Iraq
*Correspondence e-mail: shaabankamel@yahoo.com
In the title hydrate, C16H23BrN2O·2H2O, the organic molecule features a strong intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. The piperidine ring, in addition, adopts a chair conformation with the exocyclic C—N bond in an equatorial orientation. The water molecules of crystallization are disordered (each over two sets of sites with half occupancy. In the crystal, they associate into corrugated (100) sheets of (H2O)4 tetramers linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The organic molecules, in turn, are arranged at both sides of these sheets, linked by water–piperidine O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
Keywords: crystal structure; Schiff bases; piperidines; hydrogen bonding.
CCDC reference: 1059897
1. Related literature
For various biological applications of piperidine-containing compounds, see: Sánchez-Sancho & Herrandón (1998); Nithiya et al. (2011); Adger et al. (1996); Kozikowski et al. (1998); Brau et al. (2000).
2. Experimental
2.1. Crystal data
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2.3. Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2014); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2014); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1059897
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989015007471/bg2553sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989015007471/bg2553Isup2.hkl
A mixture of 1 mmol (156 mg) of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-amine and 1 mmol (201 mg) of 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde in 30 ml ethanol was heated under reflux for 5 h. The solid product was obtained on cooling, filtered off, dried under vacuum and recrystallized from ethanol to afford pale yellow columns which were suitable for X-ray diffraction. Mp. 361 K.
H-atoms attached to carbon were placed in calculated positions (C—H = 0.95 - 0.98 Å) while those attached to nitrogen and oxygen were placed in locations derived from a difference map and their parameters adjusted to give N—H = 0.91 Å and O—H = 0.84 Å. All were included as riding contributions with isotropic displacement parameters 1.2 - 1.5 times those of the attached atoms. Each lattice water molecule is disordered over two sites with the oxygen and one hydrogen in common. Based on peak heights for the disordered H atoms, the two sites for these atoms were judged to be equally occupied.
Piperidine-bearing compounds have diverse applications in commercial and medicinal fields. The piperidine nucleus is an ubiquitous structural feature of biologically active compounds and numerous
for example (S)-pipecolic acid a non-proteinogenic amino acid associated with epilepsy (Sánchez-Sancho & Herrandón, 1998; Nithiya et al., 2011; Adger et al., 1996). Moreover, piperidine-containing compounds were evaluated for their effect on plasma glucose level (Kozikowski et al., 1998), insulin normalization and treatment of cocaine abuse (Brau et al., 2000). In this vein and following our strategy for synthesis of bio-active we report the synthesis and of the title compound.The conformation of the title molecule is determined in part by the strong O1—H1a···N1 hydrogen bond. The substituted piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation with puckering parameters Q = 0.503 (2) Å, θ = 12.0 (2) Å and φ = 176 (1)°. In the crystal, hydrogen bonding between the lattice water molecules generates corrugated layers approximately parallel to (100) with the piperidine nitrogen atoms (N2) hydrogen bonded to both sides (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Although the disorder in the lattice waters makes a precise description of the hydrogen bonding network in the water layer difficult (and generates apparent short H···H contacts), use of one component of the disorder indicates the presence of (H2O)4 units (Fig. 3) which hydrogen bond to the piperidine nitrogen atoms.
For various biological applications of piperidine-containing compounds, see: Sánchez-Sancho & Herrandón (1998); Nithiya et al. (2011); Adger et al. (1996); Kozikowski et al. (1998); Brau et al. (2000).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2014); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2014); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2014); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2012); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The the asymmetric unit showing the intra- and intermolecular O—H···N hydrogen bonds as dotted lines. Only one set of the disordered hydrogen atoms is shown. | |
Fig. 2. Packing viewed down the b axis with intermolecular O—H···N and O—H···O hydrogen bonds shown, respectively, as purple and red dotted lines. Only one set of the disordered hydrogen atoms is shown. | |
Fig. 3. A portion of the layer of lattice water molecules. Only one set of the disordered hydrogen atoms is shown. |
C16H23BrN2O·2H2O | F(000) = 1568 |
Mr = 375.30 | Dx = 1.416 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54178 Å |
a = 39.6126 (7) Å | Cell parameters from 9702 reflections |
b = 6.0497 (1) Å | θ = 6.0–72.1° |
c = 14.8673 (3) Å | µ = 3.30 mm−1 |
β = 98.889 (1)° | T = 150 K |
V = 3520.07 (11) Å3 | Column, pale yellow |
Z = 8 | 0.34 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
Bruker D8 VENTURE PHOTON 100 CMOS diffractometer | 3428 independent reflections |
Radiation source: INCOATEC IµS micro–focus source | 3113 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Mirror monochromator | Rint = 0.025 |
Detector resolution: 10.4167 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 72.2°, θmin = 6.0° |
ω scans | h = −48→45 |
Absorption correction: numerical (SADABS; Bruker, 2014) | k = −7→6 |
Tmin = 0.54, Tmax = 0.77 | l = −18→15 |
12901 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | Hydrogen site location: mixed |
wR(F2) = 0.077 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.10 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0323P)2 + 4.9527P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3428 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
204 parameters | Δρmax = 0.56 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.67 e Å−3 |
C16H23BrN2O·2H2O | V = 3520.07 (11) Å3 |
Mr = 375.30 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Cu Kα radiation |
a = 39.6126 (7) Å | µ = 3.30 mm−1 |
b = 6.0497 (1) Å | T = 150 K |
c = 14.8673 (3) Å | 0.34 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
β = 98.889 (1)° |
Bruker D8 VENTURE PHOTON 100 CMOS diffractometer | 3428 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: numerical (SADABS; Bruker, 2014) | 3113 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.54, Tmax = 0.77 | Rint = 0.025 |
12901 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.077 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.10 | Δρmax = 0.56 e Å−3 |
3428 reflections | Δρmin = −0.67 e Å−3 |
204 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. H-atoms attached to carbon were placed in calculated positions (C—H = 0.95 - 0.98 Å) while those attached to nitrogen and oxygen were placed in locations derived from a difference map and their parameters adjusted to give N—H = 0.91 Å and O—H = 0.84 Å. All were included as riding contributions with isotropic displacement parameters 1.2 - 1.5 times those of the attached atoms. Each lattice water molecule is disordered over two sites with the oxygen and one hydrogen in common. Based on peak heights for the disordered H atoms, the two sites for these atoms were judged to be equally occupied. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Br1 | 0.82893 (2) | 0.47282 (5) | 0.33146 (2) | 0.04137 (10) | |
O1 | 0.69904 (4) | 0.0570 (2) | 0.41569 (10) | 0.0300 (3) | |
H1A | 0.6835 | 0.1527 | 0.4080 | 0.056 (9)* | |
N1 | 0.66823 (4) | 0.4316 (3) | 0.36510 (11) | 0.0236 (3) | |
N2 | 0.56827 (4) | 0.6877 (2) | 0.37146 (10) | 0.0191 (3) | |
H2A | 0.5586 | 0.5638 | 0.3912 | 0.023* | |
C1 | 0.72738 (5) | 0.3664 (3) | 0.35750 (12) | 0.0224 (4) | |
C2 | 0.72757 (5) | 0.1514 (3) | 0.39411 (12) | 0.0251 (4) | |
C3 | 0.75833 (6) | 0.0340 (3) | 0.40982 (13) | 0.0301 (4) | |
H3 | 0.7587 | −0.1111 | 0.4344 | 0.036* | |
C4 | 0.78818 (5) | 0.1262 (4) | 0.39007 (13) | 0.0335 (5) | |
H4 | 0.8089 | 0.0450 | 0.4008 | 0.040* | |
C5 | 0.78768 (5) | 0.3385 (4) | 0.35440 (13) | 0.0288 (4) | |
C6 | 0.75773 (5) | 0.4580 (3) | 0.33731 (12) | 0.0249 (4) | |
H6 | 0.7577 | 0.6021 | 0.3119 | 0.030* | |
C7 | 0.69657 (5) | 0.5031 (3) | 0.34611 (12) | 0.0215 (4) | |
H7 | 0.6977 | 0.6497 | 0.3239 | 0.026* | |
C8 | 0.63930 (4) | 0.5860 (3) | 0.35583 (12) | 0.0210 (4) | |
H8 | 0.6465 | 0.7326 | 0.3343 | 0.025* | |
C9 | 0.62799 (5) | 0.6125 (3) | 0.44904 (12) | 0.0215 (4) | |
H9A | 0.6469 | 0.6795 | 0.4917 | 0.026* | |
H9B | 0.6233 | 0.4646 | 0.4728 | 0.026* | |
C10 | 0.59592 (4) | 0.7571 (3) | 0.44580 (12) | 0.0200 (4) | |
C11 | 0.57716 (4) | 0.6334 (3) | 0.28012 (11) | 0.0196 (3) | |
C12 | 0.60997 (5) | 0.4941 (3) | 0.28757 (12) | 0.0213 (4) | |
H12A | 0.6049 | 0.3418 | 0.3058 | 0.026* | |
H12B | 0.6173 | 0.4862 | 0.2269 | 0.026* | |
C13 | 0.60480 (5) | 1.0012 (3) | 0.43633 (14) | 0.0249 (4) | |
H13A | 0.6170 | 1.0200 | 0.3844 | 0.037* | |
H13B | 0.6193 | 1.0512 | 0.4920 | 0.037* | |
H13C | 0.5837 | 1.0889 | 0.4265 | 0.037* | |
C14 | 0.58145 (5) | 0.7278 (3) | 0.53433 (12) | 0.0269 (4) | |
H14A | 0.5617 | 0.8258 | 0.5342 | 0.040* | |
H14B | 0.5990 | 0.7650 | 0.5860 | 0.040* | |
H14C | 0.5743 | 0.5740 | 0.5397 | 0.040* | |
C15 | 0.58037 (5) | 0.8434 (3) | 0.22423 (12) | 0.0247 (4) | |
H15A | 0.5606 | 0.9394 | 0.2272 | 0.037* | |
H15B | 0.5811 | 0.8031 | 0.1607 | 0.037* | |
H15C | 0.6014 | 0.9218 | 0.2491 | 0.037* | |
C16 | 0.54701 (5) | 0.4976 (3) | 0.23218 (13) | 0.0252 (4) | |
H16A | 0.5435 | 0.3684 | 0.2694 | 0.038* | |
H16B | 0.5519 | 0.4485 | 0.1727 | 0.038* | |
H16C | 0.5263 | 0.5889 | 0.2237 | 0.038* | |
O2 | 0.51008 (4) | 0.9736 (2) | 0.35246 (11) | 0.0331 (3) | 0.5 |
H2B | 0.5278 | 0.8954 | 0.3562 | 0.040* | 0.5 |
H2C | 0.5038 | 1.0005 | 0.2970 | 0.040* | 0.5 |
O3 | 0.51664 (4) | 0.2904 (3) | 0.49776 (11) | 0.0399 (4) | 0.5 |
H3A | 0.5127 | 0.2158 | 0.5427 | 0.048* | 0.5 |
H3B | 0.5124 | 0.2081 | 0.4519 | 0.048* | 0.5 |
O2A | 0.51008 (4) | 0.9736 (2) | 0.35246 (11) | 0.0331 (3) | 0.5 |
H2BA | 0.5278 | 0.8954 | 0.3562 | 0.040* | 0.5 |
H2D | 0.5105 | 1.0762 | 0.3907 | 0.040* | 0.5 |
O3A | 0.51664 (4) | 0.2904 (3) | 0.49776 (11) | 0.0399 (4) | 0.5 |
H3AA | 0.5127 | 0.2158 | 0.5427 | 0.048* | 0.5 |
H3C | 0.5069 | 0.4131 | 0.5000 | 0.048* | 0.5 |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Br1 | 0.01904 (12) | 0.06914 (19) | 0.03582 (14) | −0.00163 (10) | 0.00390 (9) | −0.01717 (11) |
O1 | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0241 (7) | 0.0318 (7) | 0.0020 (6) | 0.0068 (6) | 0.0023 (6) |
N1 | 0.0216 (8) | 0.0231 (8) | 0.0259 (8) | 0.0039 (6) | 0.0034 (6) | 0.0019 (6) |
N2 | 0.0191 (7) | 0.0207 (7) | 0.0184 (7) | −0.0018 (6) | 0.0054 (5) | −0.0001 (6) |
C1 | 0.0228 (9) | 0.0258 (9) | 0.0183 (8) | 0.0036 (7) | 0.0017 (6) | −0.0033 (7) |
C2 | 0.0311 (10) | 0.0250 (9) | 0.0186 (8) | 0.0045 (8) | 0.0015 (7) | −0.0035 (7) |
C3 | 0.0393 (11) | 0.0286 (10) | 0.0215 (9) | 0.0126 (9) | 0.0013 (8) | −0.0015 (8) |
C4 | 0.0306 (10) | 0.0446 (12) | 0.0234 (10) | 0.0181 (9) | −0.0020 (8) | −0.0067 (9) |
C5 | 0.0206 (9) | 0.0421 (12) | 0.0227 (9) | 0.0039 (8) | 0.0003 (7) | −0.0109 (8) |
C6 | 0.0228 (9) | 0.0308 (10) | 0.0207 (9) | 0.0024 (8) | 0.0023 (7) | −0.0047 (7) |
C7 | 0.0227 (9) | 0.0216 (9) | 0.0202 (8) | 0.0033 (7) | 0.0028 (7) | 0.0020 (7) |
C8 | 0.0188 (8) | 0.0189 (8) | 0.0257 (9) | 0.0025 (7) | 0.0044 (7) | 0.0041 (7) |
C9 | 0.0226 (9) | 0.0200 (8) | 0.0211 (9) | 0.0010 (7) | 0.0014 (7) | 0.0017 (7) |
C10 | 0.0213 (8) | 0.0206 (9) | 0.0181 (8) | −0.0001 (7) | 0.0034 (6) | 0.0003 (7) |
C11 | 0.0188 (8) | 0.0224 (9) | 0.0182 (8) | −0.0002 (7) | 0.0046 (6) | −0.0001 (7) |
C12 | 0.0227 (9) | 0.0211 (9) | 0.0206 (8) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0051 (7) | 0.0007 (7) |
C13 | 0.0262 (10) | 0.0188 (9) | 0.0288 (10) | −0.0001 (7) | 0.0018 (7) | −0.0007 (7) |
C14 | 0.0313 (10) | 0.0302 (10) | 0.0201 (9) | −0.0013 (8) | 0.0070 (7) | −0.0011 (8) |
C15 | 0.0235 (9) | 0.0289 (10) | 0.0226 (9) | 0.0030 (7) | 0.0066 (7) | 0.0055 (8) |
C16 | 0.0220 (9) | 0.0305 (10) | 0.0232 (9) | −0.0017 (7) | 0.0041 (7) | −0.0048 (7) |
O2 | 0.0281 (7) | 0.0337 (8) | 0.0376 (8) | 0.0058 (6) | 0.0050 (6) | −0.0057 (6) |
O3 | 0.0444 (9) | 0.0318 (8) | 0.0450 (9) | −0.0004 (7) | 0.0113 (7) | −0.0064 (7) |
O2A | 0.0281 (7) | 0.0337 (8) | 0.0376 (8) | 0.0058 (6) | 0.0050 (6) | −0.0057 (6) |
O3A | 0.0444 (9) | 0.0318 (8) | 0.0450 (9) | −0.0004 (7) | 0.0113 (7) | −0.0064 (7) |
Br1—C5 | 1.902 (2) | C10—C13 | 1.530 (2) |
O1—C2 | 1.348 (2) | C11—C16 | 1.532 (2) |
O1—H1A | 0.8400 | C11—C15 | 1.534 (2) |
N1—C7 | 1.275 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.538 (2) |
N1—C8 | 1.468 (2) | C12—H12A | 0.9900 |
N2—C10 | 1.491 (2) | C12—H12B | 0.9900 |
N2—C11 | 1.491 (2) | C13—H13A | 0.9800 |
N2—H2A | 0.9099 | C13—H13B | 0.9800 |
C1—C6 | 1.398 (3) | C13—H13C | 0.9800 |
C1—C2 | 1.409 (3) | C14—H14A | 0.9800 |
C1—C7 | 1.463 (2) | C14—H14B | 0.9800 |
C2—C3 | 1.399 (3) | C14—H14C | 0.9800 |
C3—C4 | 1.379 (3) | C15—H15A | 0.9800 |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C15—H15B | 0.9800 |
C4—C5 | 1.388 (3) | C15—H15C | 0.9800 |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C16—H16A | 0.9800 |
C5—C6 | 1.379 (3) | C16—H16B | 0.9800 |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C16—H16C | 0.9800 |
C7—H7 | 0.9500 | O2—H2B | 0.8400 |
C8—C12 | 1.525 (3) | O2—H2C | 0.8400 |
C8—C9 | 1.529 (2) | O3—H3A | 0.8399 |
C8—H8 | 1.0000 | O3—H3B | 0.8400 |
C9—C10 | 1.537 (2) | O2A—H2BA | 0.8400 |
C9—H9A | 0.9900 | O2A—H2D | 0.8400 |
C9—H9B | 0.9900 | O3A—H3AA | 0.8399 |
C10—C14 | 1.525 (2) | O3A—H3C | 0.8401 |
C2—O1—H1A | 107.4 | C14—C10—C9 | 109.03 (15) |
C7—N1—C8 | 117.69 (15) | C13—C10—C9 | 110.57 (15) |
C10—N2—C11 | 119.17 (13) | N2—C11—C16 | 105.38 (14) |
C10—N2—H2A | 106.8 | N2—C11—C15 | 111.20 (14) |
C11—N2—H2A | 106.4 | C16—C11—C15 | 108.43 (15) |
C6—C1—C2 | 119.71 (17) | N2—C11—C12 | 111.77 (14) |
C6—C1—C7 | 118.73 (17) | C16—C11—C12 | 109.21 (15) |
C2—C1—C7 | 121.42 (17) | C15—C11—C12 | 110.66 (14) |
O1—C2—C3 | 119.07 (18) | C8—C12—C11 | 113.38 (14) |
O1—C2—C1 | 121.87 (17) | C8—C12—H12A | 108.9 |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.06 (19) | C11—C12—H12A | 108.9 |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.81 (19) | C8—C12—H12B | 108.9 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.6 | C11—C12—H12B | 108.9 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.6 | H12A—C12—H12B | 107.7 |
C3—C4—C5 | 119.57 (18) | C10—C13—H13A | 109.5 |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.2 | C10—C13—H13B | 109.5 |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.2 | H13A—C13—H13B | 109.5 |
C6—C5—C4 | 121.09 (19) | C10—C13—H13C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—Br1 | 118.76 (17) | H13A—C13—H13C | 109.5 |
C4—C5—Br1 | 120.12 (15) | H13B—C13—H13C | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C1 | 119.75 (19) | C10—C14—H14A | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.1 | C10—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
C1—C6—H6 | 120.1 | H14A—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
N1—C7—C1 | 122.01 (17) | C10—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
N1—C7—H7 | 119.0 | H14A—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
C1—C7—H7 | 119.0 | H14B—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
N1—C8—C12 | 109.52 (15) | C11—C15—H15A | 109.5 |
N1—C8—C9 | 108.38 (14) | C11—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
C12—C8—C9 | 109.97 (14) | H15A—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
N1—C8—H8 | 109.6 | C11—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
C12—C8—H8 | 109.6 | H15A—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
C9—C8—H8 | 109.6 | H15B—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
C8—C9—C10 | 112.81 (14) | C11—C16—H16A | 109.5 |
C8—C9—H9A | 109.0 | C11—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C10—C9—H9A | 109.0 | H16A—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C8—C9—H9B | 109.0 | C11—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C10—C9—H9B | 109.0 | H16A—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
H9A—C9—H9B | 107.8 | H16B—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
N2—C10—C14 | 106.03 (14) | H2B—O2—H2C | 106.9 |
N2—C10—C13 | 110.90 (14) | H3A—O3—H3B | 106.7 |
C14—C10—C13 | 108.29 (15) | H2BA—O2A—H2D | 116.2 |
N2—C10—C9 | 111.84 (14) | H3AA—O3A—H3C | 107.5 |
C6—C1—C2—O1 | 179.19 (17) | C7—N1—C8—C9 | −119.20 (18) |
C7—C1—C2—O1 | 3.7 (3) | N1—C8—C9—C10 | −175.48 (14) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.2 (3) | C12—C8—C9—C10 | −55.78 (19) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | −175.29 (17) | C11—N2—C10—C14 | −162.17 (15) |
O1—C2—C3—C4 | −178.91 (17) | C11—N2—C10—C13 | 80.49 (19) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.1 (3) | C11—N2—C10—C9 | −43.4 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.2 (3) | C8—C9—C10—N2 | 49.0 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.8 (3) | C8—C9—C10—C14 | 165.96 (15) |
C3—C4—C5—Br1 | 177.42 (15) | C8—C9—C10—C13 | −75.08 (19) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 1.1 (3) | C10—N2—C11—C16 | 161.25 (15) |
Br1—C5—C6—C1 | −177.13 (13) | C10—N2—C11—C15 | −81.47 (18) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.8 (3) | C10—N2—C11—C12 | 42.7 (2) |
C7—C1—C6—C5 | 174.83 (16) | N1—C8—C12—C11 | 174.37 (14) |
C8—N1—C7—C1 | 176.84 (16) | C9—C8—C12—C11 | 55.37 (19) |
C6—C1—C7—N1 | −178.48 (17) | N2—C11—C12—C8 | −48.0 (2) |
C2—C1—C7—N1 | −2.9 (3) | C16—C11—C12—C8 | −164.17 (15) |
C7—N1—C8—C12 | 120.82 (18) | C15—C11—C12—C8 | 76.55 (18) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···N1 | 0.84 | 1.87 | 2.628 (2) | 149 |
O2—H2B···N2 | 0.84 | 2.02 | 2.861 (2) | 175 |
O3—H3A···O2i | 0.84 | 2.24 | 3.059 (2) | 167 |
O3—H3B···O2ii | 0.84 | 2.04 | 2.869 (2) | 168 |
O2A—H2BA···N2 | 0.84 | 2.02 | 2.861 (2) | 175 |
O2A—H2D···O3Aiii | 0.84 | 2.04 | 2.869 (2) | 170 |
O3A—H3AA···O2Ai | 0.84 | 2.24 | 3.059 (2) | 167 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y+1, z. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···N1 | 0.84 | 1.87 | 2.628 (2) | 149 |
O2—H2B···N2 | 0.84 | 2.02 | 2.861 (2) | 175 |
O3—H3A···O2i | 0.84 | 2.24 | 3.059 (2) | 167 |
O3—H3B···O2ii | 0.84 | 2.04 | 2.869 (2) | 168 |
O2A—H2BA···N2 | 0.84 | 2.02 | 2.861 (2) | 175 |
O2A—H2D···O3Aiii | 0.84 | 2.04 | 2.869 (2) | 170 |
O3A—H3AA···O2Ai | 0.84 | 2.24 | 3.059 (2) | 167 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y+1, z. |
Acknowledgements
The support of NSF–MRI grant No. 1228232 for the purchase of the diffractometer and Tulane University for support of the Tulane Crystallography Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged.
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Piperidine-bearing compounds have diverse applications in commercial and medicinal fields. The piperidine nucleus is an ubiquitous structural feature of biologically active compounds and numerous secondary metabolites, for example (S)-pipecolic acid a non-proteinogenic amino acid associated with epilepsy (Sánchez-Sancho & Herrandón, 1998; Nithiya et al., 2011; Adger et al., 1996). Moreover, piperidine-containing compounds were evaluated for their effect on plasma glucose level (Kozikowski et al., 1998), insulin normalization and treatment of cocaine abuse (Brau et al., 2000). In this vein and following our strategy for synthesis of bio-active heterocyclic compounds, we report the synthesis and crystal structure of the title compound.
The conformation of the title molecule is determined in part by the strong O1—H1a···N1 hydrogen bond. The substituted piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation with puckering parameters Q = 0.503 (2) Å, θ = 12.0 (2) Å and φ = 176 (1)°. In the crystal, hydrogen bonding between the lattice water molecules generates corrugated layers approximately parallel to (100) with the piperidine nitrogen atoms (N2) hydrogen bonded to both sides (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Although the disorder in the lattice waters makes a precise description of the hydrogen bonding network in the water layer difficult (and generates apparent short H···H contacts), use of one component of the disorder indicates the presence of (H2O)4 units (Fig. 3) which hydrogen bond to the piperidine nitrogen atoms.