research communications
Crystal and molecular structures of two silver(I) amidinates, including an unexpected
with a lithium amidinateaChemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: frank.edelmann@ovgu.de
The silver(I) amidinates bis[μ-N1,N2-bis(propan-2-yl)benzamidinato-κ2N1:N2]disilver(I), [Ag2(C13H19N2)2] or [Ag{PhC(NiPr)2}]2 (1), and bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ2N1:N2)disilver(I), [Ag2(C18H27N2)2] or [Ag{cyclo-C3H5–C≡C–C(NCy)2}]2 (2a), exist as centrosymmetric dimers with a planar Ag2N4C2 ring and a common linear coordination of the metal atoms in the crystalline state. Moiety 2a forms a with the related lithium amidinate, namely bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ2N1:N2)disilver(I) bis(μ-N1,N2-dicyclohexyl-3-cyclopropylpropynamidinato-κ3N1,N2:N1)bis(tetrahydrofuran-κO)lithium(I) toluene monosolvate, [Ag2(C18H27N2)2][Li2(C18H27N2)2(C4H8O)2]·C7H8 or [Ag{cyclo-C3H5–C≡C–C(NCy)2}]2[Li{cyclo-C3H5–C≡C–C(NCy)2}(THF)]2·C7H8, composed as 2a × 2b × toluene. The lithium moiety 2b features a typical ladder-type dimeric structure with a distorted tetrahedral coordination of the metal atoms. In the silver(I) derivatives 1 and 2a, the amidinate ligand adopts a μ-κN:κN′ coordination, while it is a μ-κN:κN:κN′-coordination in the case of lithium derivative 2b.
Keywords: crystal structure; lithium; silver; amidinate; alkynylamidinate; co-crystal.
1. Chemical context
Anionic N-chelating donor ligands such as amidinates, [RC(NR)2]−, and guanidinates, [R2NC(NR)2]−, have gained tremendous importance in various fields of organometallic and coordination chemistry over the past two decades. Formally, amidinate anions are the nitrogen analogues of the carboxylate anions, while guanidinates are similarly related to the However, in contrast to the carboxylates and the steric properties of amidinates and guanidinates can be widely tuned through the use of different substituents, both at the outer nitrogen atoms as well as at the central carbon atom of the NCN unit. Both types of N-chelating ligands are often regarded as `steric cyclopentadienyl equivalents' (Bailey & Pace, 2001; Collins, 2011; Edelmann, 2008, 2013). Meanwhile, amidinato and guanidinato complexes are known for virtually every metallic element in the Periodic Table ranging from lithium to uranium (Edelmann, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013; Trifonov, 2010). Alkyl-substituted amidinate and guanidinate complexes of various metals have also been established as ALD and MOCVD precursors for the deposition of thin layers of metals, metal oxides, metal nitrides etc. (Devi, 2013). The most important starting materials in this field are lithium amidinates and guanidinates. Lithium amidinates are normally prepared in a straightforward manner by addition of lithium alkyls to N,N′-diorganocarbodiimides in a 1:1 molar ratio, while lithium guanidinates are formed when lithium-N,N-dialkylamides are added to N,N′-diorganocarbodiimides (Stalke et al., 1992; Aharonovich et al., 2008; Chlupatý et al., 2011; Nevoralová et al., 2013; Hong et al., 2013). On the other hand, silver(I) amidinates and guanidinates (Archibald et al., 2000; Lim et al., 2003; Whitehorne et al., 2011; Lane et al., 2014) are of significant importance as potential precursors for vapor deposition processes (Lim et al., 2003; Whitehorne et al., 2011), as precursors for silver nanoparticles (Cure et al., 2015), or as intermediates in silver-catalyzed amidination and guanylation reactions (Pereshivko et al., 2011; Okano et al., 2012; Li et al., 2015).
We report here the structural characterization of two silver(I) amidinates, namely [Ag{PhC(NiPr)2}]2 (1), and the unexpected (2), composed as [Ag{cyclo-C3H5—C≡C—C(NCy)2}]2 (2a) × [Li{cyclo-C3H5—C≡C—C(NCy)2}(THF)]2 (2b) × toluene (Cy = cyclohexyl).
2. Structural commentary
Silver(I) compound 1 (Fig. 1) and silver moiety 2a (Fig. 2): Both silver(I) complexes exist as centrosymmetric dimers in the crystalline state. Compound 1 crystallizes without any solvent, and the molecular structure of moiety 2a was determined from the 2 (2a × 2b × toluene). In both 1 and 2a, each of the two N atoms of the amidinate ligand coordinates to one Ag atom (coordination mode μ-κN:κN′), and the Ag atoms adopt an almost linear coordination [1: N—Ag—N 170.58 (7)°; 2a: N—Ag—N 170.66 (5)°] by two N atoms of two symmetry-related amidinate ligands, leading to centrosymmetric dimers in each case. The Ag—N separations are very similar in both structures [1: 2.0959 (16) and 2.0965 (16) Å, 2a: 2.0908 (15) and 2.0916 (14) Å]. An sp2 can be assigned to the N atoms since the coordination environment is almost trigonal–planar. The C—N separations within the amidinate NCN fragment are virtually equal [1: twice 1.322 (3) Å, 2a: 1.329 (2) and 1.331 (2) Å], indicating a typical delocalization of the negative charge. Through the mentioned connectivity pattern, a strictly planar C2N4Ag2 eight-membered ring with a short Ag⋯Ag contact is built [1: 2.6604 (3) Å, 2a: 2.6838 (3) Å]. This constitution might be supported by some attractive d10–d10 interaction between the Ag atoms that have been frequently discussed in the literature (for a review, e.g. see: Jansen, 1987). The molecular structures of the here discussed compounds are closely related to those of the most previously described copper(I) and silver(I) amidinates, namely [Cu2{RC(NR′)2}2] (R, R′ = Me, nBu; Li et al., 2005) and [M2{MeC(NiPr)2}2] (M = Cu, Ag). However, in the case of Ag{MeC(NiPr)2}, also a trimeric structure [Ag3{MeC(NiPr)2}3] was observed (Lim et al., 2003). The bond lengths and angles involving the Ag atoms, viz. Ag—N and Ag—Ag distances and N—Ag—N angles, in the compounds discussed herein resemble those observed in the previously reported dimeric silver(I) amidinates. A dimerization or under formation of linear N—M—N units is also typical for a broad ensemble of copper(I) and silver(I) complexes with other anionic nitrogen ligands, e.g. [Cu4(NR2)4] (e.g. R = Me, Gambarotta et al., 1987; R = Et, Hope & Power, 1984; R = SiMe3, James et al., 1998), [Ag4(N(SiMe3)2}4] and [Ag3(N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylpiperidyl)3] (Hitchcock et al., 1996), [Cu2Tl2(ThioSila)2] and [Ag4(ThioSila)2(THT)2] (ThioSila = {Me2Si(N-C6H4-2-SPh)2}2–, THT = tetrahydrothiophene; Liebing & Merzweiler, 2016). The silane diamide complexes [M4(ThioSila)2] comprise a planar Si2N4M2 ring that is structurally closely related to the C2N4M2 ring in the dimeric amidinate complexes.
Lithium moiety 2b (Fig. 3): The molecular structure of 2b was determined from the above-mentioned 2 (2a × 2b × toluene). Like the silver components 1 and 2a, the lithium moiety exists as a centrosymmetric dimer in the crystalline state. However, the molecular structure of 2b is considerably different, featuring a centrosymmetric Li2N2 four-membered ring formed by μ-bridging coordination of one of the N atoms (N3). The Li—N distances within this ring are 2.033 (4)–2.261 (4) Å and therefore in the expected range. The of the mentioned N atom N3 is consequently raised to four and an sp3 fits best to describe the bonding situation. The second N atom of the amidinate ligand (N4) is attached to only one Li atom with a shorter Li—N bond of 2.001 (4) Å, and its coordination environment is trigonal–planar like in the related silver components. Through this μ-κN:κN:κN′-coordination mode of the amidinate ligands, a `ladder' consisting of three four-membered rings is formed. By coordination of a solvent THF molecule, a typical distorted tetrahedral coordination of the Li atom is completed. Just like in the case of the silver components 1 and 2a, the C—N bond lengths within the amidinate moiety are very similar with 1.321 (2) and 1.335 (2) Å. The structural motif of ladder-type dimers is typical for this class of compounds and has frequently been observed for most of the previously characterized lithium amidinates and guanidinates (Stalke et al., 1992; Snaith & Wright, 1995; Downard & Chivers, 2001, Brown et al., 2008).
3. Supramolecular features
In both of the presented crystal structures, there are no specific intermolecular interactions. In compound 1 (Fig. 4), the closest intermolecular contacts exist between phenyl groups and isopropyl groups [min. HC⋯CH3 3.79 (1) Å]. In the 2 (Fig. 5), four silver amidinate molecules (2a) are situated on the centres of the four unit-cell edges perpendicular to (001) and four lithium amidinate molecules (2b) on the four edges perpendicular to (010). The four remaining unit-cell edges perpendicular to (100) are occupied by four disordered toluene molecules. The closest intermolecular contacts exist between the cyclopropyl moieties of the silver complex and the toluene methyl groups [C6⋯C44 3.48 (1) Å], followed by cyclopropyl-cyclopropyl contacts between silver amidinate and lithium amidinate molecules [C5⋯C24 3.57 (1) Å].
4. Synthesis and crystallization
[Ag2{PhC(NiPr)2}2] (1) was obtained following a published procedure (Lim et al., 2003). Therefore, an in situ prepared solution of the lithium derivative Li{PhC(NiPr)2} (Sroor et al., 2013) in THF was treated with a stoichiometric amount of silver(I) chloride at room temperature (Fig. 6). Afterwards the solvent was removed in vacuo, the residue was extracted with toluene and the insoluble matter filtered off. After addition of an excess of n-pentane to the filtrate, large colorless crystals formed within few days at room temperature. 1H NMR (400.1 MHz, THF-d8, 298 K): δ (p.p.m.) 7.45–7.04 (3×m, 10H, CH Ph), 3.21 (sept, 4H, CH iPr), 1.05 (d, 24H, CH3 iPr). 13C NMR (100.6 MHz, THF-d8, 298 K): δ (p.p.m.) 170.4 (NCN), 141.1 (ipso-C Ph), 128.6 (CH Ph), 127.3 (CH Ph), 126.7 (para-CH Ph), 49.3 (CH iPr), 28.1 (CH3 iPr).
Single crystals of the 2) with composition [Ag{c-C3H5—C≡C—C(NCy)2}]2 (2a) × [Li{c-C3H5—C≡C—C(NCy)2}(THF)]2 (2b) × toluene were serendipitously obtained in an attempt to prepare the pure silver(I) derivative 2a. The reaction of the in situ prepared lithium compound 2b (Sroor et al., 2013) with silver(I) chloride in THF analogous to the procedure described for compound 1 afforded a small quantity of colorless co-crystals of (2). Mp. = 393 K. 1H NMR (400.1 MHz, THF-d8, 298 K): δ (p.p.m.): 3.31–3.40 (m, 4H, CH Cy), 1.55–1.72 (m, 20H, CH2 Cy), 1.34–1.40 (m, 2H, CH c-C3H5), 1.09–1.23 (m, 20H, CH2 Cy), 0.79–0.83 (m, 4H, CH2 c-C3H5), 0.64–0.68 (m, 4H, CH2 c-C3H5). 13C NMR (100.6 MHz, THF-d8, 298 K): δ (p.p.m.) 156.5 (NCN), 96.6 (CH—C≡C), 69.2 (C≡C–-C), 58.8 (CH Cy), 38.8 (CH2, Cy), 26.3 (CH2 Cy), 8.83 (CH2 c-C3H5), 0.37 (CH c-C3H5).
(5. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . All H atoms were fixed geometrically and refined using a riding model with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). C—H distances in CH3 groups were constrained to 0.98 Å, those in CH2 groups to 0.99 Å and those in CH groups to 1.00 Å. All CH3 groups were refined as freely rotating around the C–C vector.
details are summarized in Table 1For compound 2, the reflection (100) was partly obstructed by the beam stop and was therefore omitted from the The Uij components of the C atoms of the THF molecule (C41–C44) were restrained to be similar for atoms closer than 1.7 Å (SIMU restraint in SHELXL; the s.u. applied was 0.01 Å2). The toluene molecule (C41–C44) is located on an inversion center. Consequently, the methyl group (C44) and the para-H atom (H64) are disordered over two positions and were refined with a constrained site occupancy factor of 0.5. The ipso-C and para-C atom (C42A and C42B) were refined to be equal (EXYZ and EADP restraints in SHELXL).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989016017680/wm5332sup1.cif
contains datablocks compound_1, compound_2. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock compound_1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989016017680/wm5332compound_1sup4.hkl
Structure factors: contains datablock compound_2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989016017680/wm5332compound_2sup5.hkl
For both compounds, data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); cell
X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); data reduction: X-AREA and X-RED (Stoe & Cie, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT2013 (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1999); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).[Ag2(C13H19N2)2] | Dx = 1.491 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 622.34 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Orthorhombic, Pbca | Cell parameters from 11797 reflections |
a = 11.7112 (6) Å | θ = 2.6–29.1° |
b = 15.9238 (6) Å | µ = 1.43 mm−1 |
c = 14.8703 (6) Å | T = 153 K |
V = 2773.1 (2) Å3 | Plate, colorless |
Z = 4 | 0.23 × 0.21 × 0.09 mm |
F(000) = 1264 |
Stoe IPDS 2T diffractometer | 3026 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2360 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Detector resolution: 6.67 pixels mm-1 | Rint = 0.030 |
area detector scans | θmax = 27.0°, θmin = 2.6° |
Absorption correction: numerical (X-AREA and X-RED; Stoe & Cie, 2002) | h = −12→14 |
Tmin = 0.713, Tmax = 0.874 | k = −17→20 |
9641 measured reflections | l = −18→17 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.024 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.047 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0238P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 0.99 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
3026 reflections | Δρmax = 0.34 e Å−3 |
150 parameters | Δρmin = −0.29 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: heavy-atom method | Extinction coefficient: 0.00133 (9) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.89250 (17) | 0.84957 (11) | 0.52126 (14) | 0.0180 (4) | |
C2 | 0.84003 (17) | 0.76359 (12) | 0.53144 (14) | 0.0192 (4) | |
C3 | 0.72930 (18) | 0.75332 (14) | 0.56240 (15) | 0.0269 (5) | |
H1 | 0.684814 | 0.801041 | 0.577986 | 0.032* | |
C4 | 0.6834 (2) | 0.67346 (15) | 0.57063 (17) | 0.0339 (6) | |
H2 | 0.607343 | 0.666906 | 0.591646 | 0.041* | |
C5 | 0.7464 (2) | 0.60378 (15) | 0.54883 (17) | 0.0347 (6) | |
H3 | 0.714312 | 0.549257 | 0.554655 | 0.042* | |
C6 | 0.8568 (2) | 0.61370 (14) | 0.51837 (17) | 0.0347 (6) | |
H4 | 0.901066 | 0.565694 | 0.503496 | 0.042* | |
C7 | 0.9036 (2) | 0.69336 (13) | 0.50927 (16) | 0.0279 (5) | |
H5 | 0.979524 | 0.699645 | 0.487771 | 0.034* | |
C8 | 0.9646 (2) | 0.83508 (14) | 0.67386 (15) | 0.0307 (5) | |
H6 | 0.926464 | 0.779127 | 0.668444 | 0.037* | |
C9 | 1.0893 (3) | 0.82211 (19) | 0.6933 (2) | 0.0519 (8) | |
H7 | 1.097759 | 0.790334 | 0.749337 | 0.062* | |
H9 | 1.126925 | 0.876767 | 0.699461 | 0.062* | |
H8 | 1.124389 | 0.790784 | 0.643782 | 0.062* | |
C10 | 0.9090 (3) | 0.8841 (2) | 0.7489 (2) | 0.0657 (10) | |
H12 | 0.915326 | 0.852442 | 0.805200 | 0.079* | |
H10 | 0.828196 | 0.893125 | 0.734664 | 0.079* | |
H11 | 0.947262 | 0.938437 | 0.755509 | 0.079* | |
C11 | 0.8084 (2) | 0.85689 (12) | 0.37151 (15) | 0.0255 (5) | |
H13 | 0.793586 | 0.795930 | 0.382647 | 0.031* | |
C12 | 0.6952 (2) | 0.90348 (17) | 0.3702 (2) | 0.0431 (7) | |
H15 | 0.648800 | 0.883280 | 0.319816 | 0.052* | |
H16 | 0.709247 | 0.963797 | 0.363193 | 0.052* | |
H14 | 0.654535 | 0.893414 | 0.426792 | 0.052* | |
C13 | 0.8693 (3) | 0.86641 (16) | 0.28221 (16) | 0.0398 (6) | |
H19 | 0.821450 | 0.843287 | 0.234130 | 0.048* | |
H18 | 0.942018 | 0.836057 | 0.284187 | 0.048* | |
H17 | 0.883690 | 0.926043 | 0.270543 | 0.048* | |
N1 | 0.95209 (16) | 0.88054 (10) | 0.58907 (12) | 0.0225 (4) | |
N2 | 0.88089 (15) | 0.88965 (10) | 0.44393 (12) | 0.0194 (4) | |
AG | 1.04222 (2) | 0.99411 (2) | 0.58280 (2) | 0.01974 (6) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0154 (10) | 0.0156 (8) | 0.0229 (10) | −0.0005 (7) | 0.0023 (8) | −0.0010 (7) |
C2 | 0.0205 (11) | 0.0201 (9) | 0.0172 (10) | −0.0048 (8) | −0.0028 (8) | 0.0025 (8) |
C3 | 0.0226 (13) | 0.0312 (10) | 0.0269 (11) | −0.0027 (9) | −0.0015 (9) | 0.0032 (9) |
C4 | 0.0260 (12) | 0.0422 (12) | 0.0334 (14) | −0.0165 (10) | −0.0069 (10) | 0.0108 (11) |
C5 | 0.0462 (15) | 0.0267 (10) | 0.0312 (13) | −0.0194 (10) | −0.0126 (12) | 0.0066 (9) |
C6 | 0.0454 (15) | 0.0207 (10) | 0.0381 (14) | −0.0038 (10) | −0.0069 (12) | −0.0004 (10) |
C7 | 0.0317 (13) | 0.0213 (9) | 0.0308 (13) | −0.0027 (9) | 0.0007 (10) | 0.0003 (9) |
C8 | 0.0435 (15) | 0.0276 (10) | 0.0209 (11) | −0.0129 (11) | −0.0057 (11) | 0.0074 (9) |
C9 | 0.057 (2) | 0.0559 (17) | 0.0424 (17) | 0.0170 (14) | −0.0130 (15) | 0.0194 (14) |
C10 | 0.068 (2) | 0.101 (3) | 0.0281 (15) | 0.0053 (19) | 0.0150 (17) | 0.0124 (19) |
C11 | 0.0309 (12) | 0.0185 (9) | 0.0270 (12) | −0.0041 (9) | −0.0118 (10) | −0.0007 (8) |
C12 | 0.0332 (14) | 0.0476 (14) | 0.0484 (17) | 0.0024 (12) | −0.0179 (13) | −0.0024 (13) |
C13 | 0.0567 (18) | 0.0383 (12) | 0.0243 (12) | −0.0063 (13) | −0.0097 (12) | −0.0104 (10) |
N1 | 0.0273 (9) | 0.0213 (7) | 0.0190 (9) | −0.0074 (7) | −0.0039 (8) | 0.0036 (7) |
N2 | 0.0213 (9) | 0.0169 (7) | 0.0200 (9) | −0.0028 (7) | −0.0058 (7) | 0.0006 (6) |
AG | 0.02505 (8) | 0.01632 (8) | 0.01784 (8) | −0.00466 (6) | −0.00495 (6) | 0.00110 (6) |
C1—N1 | 1.322 (3) | C9—H9 | 0.9800 |
C1—N2 | 1.322 (3) | C9—H8 | 0.9800 |
C1—C2 | 1.508 (3) | C10—H12 | 0.9800 |
C2—C7 | 1.383 (3) | C10—H10 | 0.9800 |
C2—C3 | 1.386 (3) | C10—H11 | 0.9800 |
C3—C4 | 1.386 (3) | C11—N2 | 1.467 (3) |
C3—H1 | 0.9500 | C11—C13 | 1.514 (4) |
C4—C5 | 1.371 (4) | C11—C12 | 1.520 (3) |
C4—H2 | 0.9500 | C11—H13 | 1.0000 |
C5—C6 | 1.379 (4) | C12—H15 | 0.9800 |
C5—H3 | 0.9500 | C12—H16 | 0.9800 |
C6—C7 | 1.389 (3) | C12—H14 | 0.9800 |
C6—H4 | 0.9500 | C13—H19 | 0.9800 |
C7—H5 | 0.9500 | C13—H18 | 0.9800 |
C8—N1 | 1.461 (3) | C13—H17 | 0.9800 |
C8—C9 | 1.502 (4) | N1—AG | 2.0959 (16) |
C8—C10 | 1.509 (4) | N2—AGi | 2.0965 (16) |
C8—H6 | 1.0000 | AG—N2i | 2.0965 (16) |
C9—H7 | 0.9800 | AG—AGi | 2.6604 (3) |
N1—C1—N2 | 122.53 (17) | C8—C10—H12 | 109.5 |
N1—C1—C2 | 118.50 (18) | C8—C10—H10 | 109.5 |
N2—C1—C2 | 118.92 (18) | H12—C10—H10 | 109.5 |
C7—C2—C3 | 119.2 (2) | C8—C10—H11 | 109.5 |
C7—C2—C1 | 119.38 (19) | H12—C10—H11 | 109.5 |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.45 (19) | H10—C10—H11 | 109.5 |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.0 (2) | N2—C11—C13 | 109.64 (19) |
C2—C3—H1 | 120.0 | N2—C11—C12 | 109.90 (19) |
C4—C3—H1 | 120.0 | C13—C11—C12 | 110.5 (2) |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.9 (2) | N2—C11—H13 | 108.9 |
C5—C4—H2 | 119.6 | C13—C11—H13 | 108.9 |
C3—C4—H2 | 119.6 | C12—C11—H13 | 108.9 |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.3 (2) | C11—C12—H15 | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H3 | 120.4 | C11—C12—H16 | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H3 | 120.4 | H15—C12—H16 | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C7 | 120.5 (2) | C11—C12—H14 | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H4 | 119.8 | H15—C12—H14 | 109.5 |
C7—C6—H4 | 119.8 | H16—C12—H14 | 109.5 |
C2—C7—C6 | 120.2 (2) | C11—C13—H19 | 109.5 |
C2—C7—H5 | 119.9 | C11—C13—H18 | 109.5 |
C6—C7—H5 | 119.9 | H19—C13—H18 | 109.5 |
N1—C8—C9 | 109.4 (2) | C11—C13—H17 | 109.5 |
N1—C8—C10 | 109.8 (2) | H19—C13—H17 | 109.5 |
C9—C8—C10 | 110.4 (2) | H18—C13—H17 | 109.5 |
N1—C8—H6 | 109.1 | C1—N1—C8 | 121.76 (16) |
C9—C8—H6 | 109.1 | C1—N1—AG | 123.63 (13) |
C10—C8—H6 | 109.1 | C8—N1—AG | 114.54 (13) |
C8—C9—H7 | 109.5 | C1—N2—C11 | 121.76 (17) |
C8—C9—H9 | 109.5 | C1—N2—AGi | 123.15 (13) |
H7—C9—H9 | 109.5 | C11—N2—AGi | 115.04 (12) |
C8—C9—H8 | 109.5 | N1—AG—N2i | 170.58 (7) |
H7—C9—H8 | 109.5 | N1—AG—AGi | 85.12 (5) |
H9—C9—H8 | 109.5 | N2i—AG—AGi | 85.52 (5) |
N1—C1—C2—C7 | −87.4 (3) | N2—C1—N1—AG | −2.7 (3) |
N2—C1—C2—C7 | 90.1 (3) | C2—C1—N1—AG | 174.65 (14) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 92.7 (3) | C9—C8—N1—C1 | 122.8 (2) |
N2—C1—C2—C3 | −89.8 (3) | C10—C8—N1—C1 | −116.0 (3) |
C7—C2—C3—C4 | −0.2 (3) | C9—C8—N1—AG | −54.4 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 179.7 (2) | C10—C8—N1—AG | 66.9 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.3 (4) | N1—C1—N2—C11 | −176.00 (19) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.0 (4) | C2—C1—N2—C11 | 6.6 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −0.4 (4) | N1—C1—N2—AGi | 1.4 (3) |
C3—C2—C7—C6 | −0.2 (3) | C2—C1—N2—AGi | −175.99 (14) |
C1—C2—C7—C6 | 179.9 (2) | C13—C11—N2—C1 | −137.0 (2) |
C5—C6—C7—C2 | 0.5 (4) | C12—C11—N2—C1 | 101.3 (2) |
N2—C1—N1—C8 | −179.6 (2) | C13—C11—N2—AGi | 45.4 (2) |
C2—C1—N1—C8 | −2.2 (3) | C12—C11—N2—AGi | −76.2 (2) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+2, −y+2, −z+1. |
[Ag2(C18H27N2)2][Li2(C18H27N2)2(C4H8O)2]·C7H8 | Z = 1 |
Mr = 1551.62 | F(000) = 826 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.233 Mg m−3 |
a = 10.5880 (3) Å | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
b = 14.5620 (4) Å | Cell parameters from 27393 reflections |
c = 14.9830 (5) Å | θ = 2.1–29.2° |
α = 99.871 (2)° | µ = 0.52 mm−1 |
β = 102.825 (2)° | T = 133 K |
γ = 106.538 (2)° | Rod, colorless |
V = 2090.17 (11) Å3 | 0.44 × 0.29 × 0.27 mm |
Stoe IPDS 2T diffractometer | 8214 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.043 |
Detector resolution: 6.67 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 27.0°, θmin = 2.1° |
area detector scans | h = −12→13 |
22444 measured reflections | k = −18→18 |
9099 independent reflections | l = −19→19 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: heavy-atom method |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.073 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0398P)2 + 0.4823P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
9099 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.003 |
461 parameters | Δρmax = 0.40 e Å−3 |
12 restraints | Δρmin = −0.61 e Å−3 |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
C1 | 0.72575 (17) | 0.93982 (12) | 0.41483 (12) | 0.0218 (3) | |
C2 | 0.57831 (19) | 0.90959 (12) | 0.37327 (13) | 0.0246 (3) | |
C3 | 0.45722 (19) | 0.89050 (13) | 0.34225 (14) | 0.0288 (4) | |
C4 | 0.3132 (2) | 0.87385 (16) | 0.30639 (16) | 0.0372 (4) | |
H1 | 0.250264 | 0.804282 | 0.293635 | 0.045* | |
C5 | 0.2590 (3) | 0.9540 (2) | 0.33985 (19) | 0.0530 (6) | |
H3 | 0.166275 | 0.933659 | 0.349156 | 0.064* | |
H2 | 0.325410 | 1.015476 | 0.385331 | 0.064* | |
C6 | 0.2683 (3) | 0.9347 (2) | 0.24215 (18) | 0.0517 (6) | |
H4 | 0.340640 | 0.984016 | 0.226610 | 0.062* | |
H5 | 0.181473 | 0.902183 | 0.190427 | 0.062* | |
C7 | 0.68836 (18) | 0.77293 (12) | 0.43251 (13) | 0.0250 (3) | |
H6 | 0.591076 | 0.771776 | 0.420229 | 0.030* | |
C8 | 0.6996 (2) | 0.70587 (14) | 0.34709 (15) | 0.0364 (5) | |
H8 | 0.796825 | 0.710104 | 0.356146 | 0.044* | |
H7 | 0.670205 | 0.728808 | 0.289972 | 0.044* | |
C9 | 0.6106 (3) | 0.59800 (16) | 0.3322 (2) | 0.0523 (7) | |
H9 | 0.512424 | 0.592466 | 0.315540 | 0.063* | |
H10 | 0.625175 | 0.555915 | 0.278802 | 0.063* | |
C10 | 0.6448 (3) | 0.56124 (16) | 0.4195 (2) | 0.0543 (7) | |
H12 | 0.739052 | 0.558114 | 0.431136 | 0.065* | |
H11 | 0.580377 | 0.493464 | 0.409075 | 0.065* | |
C11 | 0.6355 (2) | 0.62794 (16) | 0.50555 (18) | 0.0436 (5) | |
H13 | 0.665684 | 0.604587 | 0.562243 | 0.052* | |
H14 | 0.538532 | 0.624002 | 0.497493 | 0.052* | |
C12 | 0.7243 (2) | 0.73533 (15) | 0.52052 (16) | 0.0361 (4) | |
H16 | 0.710784 | 0.777303 | 0.574501 | 0.043* | |
H15 | 0.822439 | 0.740615 | 0.536326 | 0.043* | |
C13 | 0.73199 (18) | 1.09818 (12) | 0.38343 (12) | 0.0228 (3) | |
H17 | 0.651330 | 1.058023 | 0.327716 | 0.027* | |
C14 | 0.6799 (2) | 1.14824 (14) | 0.45820 (14) | 0.0304 (4) | |
H18 | 0.758111 | 1.186566 | 0.514822 | 0.037* | |
H19 | 0.614428 | 1.097199 | 0.477180 | 0.037* | |
C15 | 0.6084 (2) | 1.21748 (16) | 0.42102 (17) | 0.0398 (5) | |
H21 | 0.525174 | 1.178218 | 0.368054 | 0.048* | |
H20 | 0.579014 | 1.251029 | 0.471881 | 0.048* | |
C16 | 0.7029 (2) | 1.29438 (15) | 0.38732 (16) | 0.0400 (5) | |
H22 | 0.780227 | 1.339007 | 0.441950 | 0.048* | |
H23 | 0.651693 | 1.334757 | 0.359347 | 0.048* | |
C17 | 0.7593 (2) | 1.24632 (14) | 0.31411 (15) | 0.0350 (4) | |
H25 | 0.826715 | 1.298382 | 0.297605 | 0.042* | |
H24 | 0.683240 | 1.209012 | 0.255944 | 0.042* | |
C18 | 0.8288 (2) | 1.17612 (13) | 0.35133 (14) | 0.0293 (4) | |
H27 | 0.859313 | 1.143032 | 0.300877 | 0.035* | |
H26 | 0.911196 | 1.214723 | 0.405123 | 0.035* | |
C19 | 0.94671 (19) | 0.64290 (12) | 0.06927 (13) | 0.0254 (4) | |
C20 | 0.92323 (19) | 0.72135 (13) | 0.13212 (13) | 0.0261 (4) | |
C21 | 0.90549 (19) | 0.78792 (13) | 0.17990 (13) | 0.0255 (4) | |
C22 | 0.88536 (19) | 0.87128 (13) | 0.23412 (13) | 0.0259 (4) | |
H28 | 0.887959 | 0.871143 | 0.301222 | 0.031* | |
C23 | 0.7900 (2) | 0.91816 (15) | 0.18509 (15) | 0.0342 (4) | |
H30 | 0.744110 | 0.889465 | 0.116586 | 0.041* | |
H29 | 0.734145 | 0.944081 | 0.220953 | 0.041* | |
C24 | 0.9408 (2) | 0.97115 (14) | 0.21517 (16) | 0.0355 (4) | |
H31 | 0.978425 | 1.029887 | 0.269721 | 0.043* | |
H32 | 0.988391 | 0.975263 | 0.165338 | 0.043* | |
C25 | 1.03702 (19) | 0.59030 (12) | 0.20584 (12) | 0.0248 (3) | |
H33 | 1.054854 | 0.660915 | 0.237426 | 0.030* | |
C26 | 0.9230 (2) | 0.52439 (15) | 0.23685 (15) | 0.0338 (4) | |
H34 | 0.840624 | 0.544594 | 0.221742 | 0.041* | |
H35 | 0.897781 | 0.454947 | 0.200854 | 0.041* | |
C27 | 0.9664 (2) | 0.53054 (16) | 0.34234 (15) | 0.0401 (5) | |
H36 | 0.983959 | 0.598669 | 0.378675 | 0.048* | |
H37 | 0.890966 | 0.485109 | 0.358858 | 0.048* | |
C28 | 1.0950 (3) | 0.50317 (16) | 0.36923 (15) | 0.0405 (5) | |
H39 | 1.075296 | 0.433155 | 0.337186 | 0.049* | |
H38 | 1.123447 | 0.510441 | 0.438347 | 0.049* | |
C29 | 1.2107 (2) | 0.56912 (18) | 0.34099 (15) | 0.0417 (5) | |
H41 | 1.291641 | 0.547196 | 0.355210 | 0.050* | |
H40 | 1.237522 | 0.637984 | 0.378925 | 0.050* | |
C30 | 1.1689 (2) | 0.56665 (15) | 0.23579 (14) | 0.0324 (4) | |
H42 | 1.244177 | 0.615136 | 0.221918 | 0.039* | |
H43 | 1.156115 | 0.500118 | 0.198041 | 0.039* | |
C31 | 0.8585 (2) | 0.70279 (15) | −0.06282 (14) | 0.0359 (4) | |
H44 | 0.882137 | 0.765597 | −0.013568 | 0.043* | |
C32 | 0.7040 (3) | 0.6540 (2) | −0.0967 (2) | 0.0536 (6) | |
H45 | 0.669609 | 0.640626 | −0.042284 | 0.064* | |
H46 | 0.680299 | 0.589873 | −0.142688 | 0.064* | |
C33 | 0.6331 (4) | 0.7193 (3) | −0.1434 (3) | 0.0720 (9) | |
H48 | 0.532751 | 0.683588 | −0.167797 | 0.086* | |
H47 | 0.648538 | 0.780594 | −0.095703 | 0.086* | |
C34 | 0.6882 (4) | 0.7455 (3) | −0.2231 (2) | 0.0704 (9) | |
H50 | 0.661290 | 0.684754 | −0.274381 | 0.084* | |
H49 | 0.646067 | 0.791608 | −0.248707 | 0.084* | |
C35 | 0.8414 (3) | 0.7924 (2) | −0.1931 (2) | 0.0610 (7) | |
H51 | 0.867929 | 0.857776 | −0.148375 | 0.073* | |
H52 | 0.873055 | 0.803077 | −0.249146 | 0.073* | |
C36 | 0.9122 (3) | 0.72721 (18) | −0.14558 (17) | 0.0465 (5) | |
H54 | 0.895094 | 0.665048 | −0.192628 | 0.056* | |
H53 | 1.012784 | 0.762288 | −0.122444 | 0.056* | |
C37 | 0.6472 (3) | 0.4020 (2) | −0.0033 (3) | 0.0705 (8) | |
H55 | 0.680375 | 0.468615 | −0.014340 | 0.085* | |
H56 | 0.613828 | 0.407387 | 0.053486 | 0.085* | |
C38 | 0.5371 (4) | 0.3329 (4) | −0.0867 (3) | 0.0974 (13) | |
H58 | 0.445435 | 0.330165 | −0.079680 | 0.117* | |
H57 | 0.546322 | 0.354115 | −0.145022 | 0.117* | |
C39 | 0.5549 (4) | 0.2359 (3) | −0.0907 (3) | 0.1037 (14) | |
H60 | 0.505404 | 0.199991 | −0.051531 | 0.124* | |
H59 | 0.522228 | 0.194648 | −0.156541 | 0.124* | |
C40 | 0.7025 (4) | 0.2623 (2) | −0.0526 (3) | 0.0784 (10) | |
H62 | 0.723819 | 0.214845 | −0.016809 | 0.094* | |
H61 | 0.746114 | 0.260588 | −0.104635 | 0.094* | |
C41 | 0.5148 (4) | 0.9502 (2) | −0.08088 (19) | 0.0607 (8) | |
H65 | 0.523425 | 0.914834 | −0.137403 | 0.073* | |
C42A | 0.6311 (4) | 1.0072 (2) | −0.00946 (18) | 0.0573 (7) | 0.5 |
C42B | 0.6311 (4) | 1.0072 (2) | −0.00946 (18) | 0.0573 (7) | 0.5 |
H64 | 0.719917 | 1.012313 | −0.016020 | 0.069* | 0.5 |
C43 | 0.6154 (4) | 1.0569 (2) | 0.07242 (19) | 0.0604 (7) | |
H63 | 0.694287 | 1.096225 | 0.123303 | 0.072* | |
C44 | 0.7893 (6) | 1.0222 (4) | −0.0176 (4) | 0.0552 (13) | 0.5 |
H67 | 0.851023 | 1.031026 | 0.044882 | 0.066* | 0.5 |
H68 | 0.821343 | 1.080825 | −0.041261 | 0.066* | 0.5 |
H66 | 0.788893 | 0.963722 | −0.061378 | 0.066* | 0.5 |
N1 | 0.77781 (15) | 0.87526 (10) | 0.44791 (10) | 0.0232 (3) | |
N2 | 0.80123 (15) | 1.03151 (10) | 0.41855 (10) | 0.0228 (3) | |
N3 | 0.99709 (17) | 0.57779 (11) | 0.10369 (10) | 0.0262 (3) | |
N4 | 0.9242 (2) | 0.63837 (12) | −0.02199 (11) | 0.0335 (4) | |
AG | 0.98689 (2) | 0.91010 (2) | 0.51539 (2) | 0.02283 (5) | |
LI | 0.9428 (4) | 0.4339 (2) | 0.0324 (3) | 0.0376 (8) | |
O | 0.75344 (18) | 0.35921 (12) | 0.00793 (13) | 0.0502 (4) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0194 (8) | 0.0237 (8) | 0.0225 (8) | 0.0091 (6) | 0.0054 (6) | 0.0037 (6) |
C2 | 0.0249 (9) | 0.0215 (8) | 0.0282 (8) | 0.0090 (7) | 0.0071 (7) | 0.0068 (7) |
C3 | 0.0243 (9) | 0.0273 (8) | 0.0339 (9) | 0.0084 (7) | 0.0072 (7) | 0.0078 (7) |
C4 | 0.0201 (9) | 0.0420 (11) | 0.0444 (12) | 0.0061 (8) | 0.0043 (8) | 0.0117 (9) |
C5 | 0.0333 (12) | 0.0762 (17) | 0.0590 (15) | 0.0316 (12) | 0.0130 (11) | 0.0194 (13) |
C6 | 0.0328 (12) | 0.0764 (17) | 0.0522 (14) | 0.0245 (12) | 0.0060 (10) | 0.0296 (13) |
C7 | 0.0216 (8) | 0.0224 (8) | 0.0331 (9) | 0.0071 (7) | 0.0096 (7) | 0.0103 (7) |
C8 | 0.0399 (11) | 0.0230 (9) | 0.0437 (11) | 0.0020 (8) | 0.0210 (9) | 0.0042 (8) |
C9 | 0.0569 (15) | 0.0252 (10) | 0.0702 (17) | −0.0004 (10) | 0.0374 (13) | −0.0006 (10) |
C10 | 0.0546 (15) | 0.0255 (10) | 0.104 (2) | 0.0185 (10) | 0.0504 (15) | 0.0257 (12) |
C11 | 0.0429 (13) | 0.0381 (11) | 0.0662 (15) | 0.0175 (10) | 0.0275 (11) | 0.0327 (11) |
C12 | 0.0337 (11) | 0.0366 (10) | 0.0427 (11) | 0.0111 (9) | 0.0129 (9) | 0.0206 (9) |
C13 | 0.0212 (8) | 0.0217 (8) | 0.0249 (8) | 0.0100 (7) | 0.0025 (6) | 0.0045 (6) |
C14 | 0.0336 (10) | 0.0322 (9) | 0.0304 (9) | 0.0182 (8) | 0.0102 (8) | 0.0066 (7) |
C15 | 0.0431 (12) | 0.0388 (11) | 0.0472 (12) | 0.0278 (10) | 0.0158 (10) | 0.0080 (9) |
C16 | 0.0504 (13) | 0.0281 (9) | 0.0447 (12) | 0.0238 (9) | 0.0084 (10) | 0.0066 (8) |
C17 | 0.0446 (12) | 0.0247 (9) | 0.0381 (10) | 0.0161 (8) | 0.0089 (9) | 0.0104 (8) |
C18 | 0.0317 (10) | 0.0237 (8) | 0.0372 (10) | 0.0131 (7) | 0.0115 (8) | 0.0106 (7) |
C19 | 0.0282 (9) | 0.0203 (8) | 0.0275 (9) | 0.0087 (7) | 0.0095 (7) | 0.0024 (7) |
C20 | 0.0314 (10) | 0.0227 (8) | 0.0265 (8) | 0.0105 (7) | 0.0099 (7) | 0.0074 (7) |
C21 | 0.0274 (9) | 0.0234 (8) | 0.0273 (9) | 0.0090 (7) | 0.0096 (7) | 0.0072 (7) |
C22 | 0.0310 (9) | 0.0234 (8) | 0.0253 (8) | 0.0112 (7) | 0.0117 (7) | 0.0031 (7) |
C23 | 0.0333 (10) | 0.0332 (10) | 0.0404 (11) | 0.0183 (8) | 0.0125 (9) | 0.0050 (8) |
C24 | 0.0366 (11) | 0.0224 (8) | 0.0512 (12) | 0.0110 (8) | 0.0192 (9) | 0.0080 (8) |
C25 | 0.0300 (9) | 0.0204 (8) | 0.0236 (8) | 0.0091 (7) | 0.0085 (7) | 0.0022 (6) |
C26 | 0.0302 (10) | 0.0368 (10) | 0.0374 (10) | 0.0110 (8) | 0.0146 (8) | 0.0107 (8) |
C27 | 0.0507 (13) | 0.0404 (11) | 0.0387 (11) | 0.0178 (10) | 0.0248 (10) | 0.0140 (9) |
C28 | 0.0592 (14) | 0.0392 (11) | 0.0284 (10) | 0.0218 (10) | 0.0138 (10) | 0.0110 (8) |
C29 | 0.0391 (12) | 0.0524 (13) | 0.0327 (10) | 0.0189 (10) | 0.0044 (9) | 0.0098 (9) |
C30 | 0.0301 (10) | 0.0401 (10) | 0.0289 (9) | 0.0143 (8) | 0.0096 (8) | 0.0078 (8) |
C31 | 0.0546 (13) | 0.0294 (9) | 0.0297 (9) | 0.0227 (9) | 0.0119 (9) | 0.0084 (8) |
C32 | 0.0553 (16) | 0.0652 (16) | 0.0641 (16) | 0.0338 (13) | 0.0295 (13) | 0.0382 (14) |
C33 | 0.068 (2) | 0.096 (2) | 0.085 (2) | 0.0532 (19) | 0.0291 (17) | 0.0537 (19) |
C34 | 0.077 (2) | 0.088 (2) | 0.0618 (17) | 0.0413 (19) | 0.0155 (16) | 0.0424 (17) |
C35 | 0.084 (2) | 0.0543 (15) | 0.0544 (15) | 0.0230 (15) | 0.0245 (15) | 0.0324 (13) |
C36 | 0.0538 (15) | 0.0424 (12) | 0.0468 (13) | 0.0146 (11) | 0.0181 (11) | 0.0183 (10) |
C37 | 0.0471 (16) | 0.0643 (18) | 0.095 (2) | 0.0133 (14) | 0.0204 (16) | 0.0159 (17) |
C38 | 0.0507 (19) | 0.154 (4) | 0.078 (2) | 0.026 (2) | 0.0113 (17) | 0.028 (2) |
C39 | 0.059 (2) | 0.096 (3) | 0.104 (3) | −0.016 (2) | 0.014 (2) | −0.021 (2) |
C40 | 0.070 (2) | 0.0409 (14) | 0.098 (2) | −0.0083 (14) | 0.0217 (18) | −0.0008 (15) |
C41 | 0.100 (2) | 0.0539 (15) | 0.0398 (13) | 0.0408 (16) | 0.0238 (15) | 0.0118 (11) |
C42A | 0.092 (2) | 0.0514 (14) | 0.0405 (13) | 0.0388 (15) | 0.0191 (14) | 0.0177 (11) |
C42B | 0.092 (2) | 0.0514 (14) | 0.0405 (13) | 0.0388 (15) | 0.0191 (14) | 0.0177 (11) |
C43 | 0.090 (2) | 0.0562 (15) | 0.0389 (13) | 0.0335 (15) | 0.0151 (14) | 0.0113 (11) |
C44 | 0.059 (3) | 0.068 (3) | 0.045 (3) | 0.026 (3) | 0.017 (2) | 0.021 (2) |
N1 | 0.0202 (7) | 0.0207 (7) | 0.0289 (7) | 0.0077 (6) | 0.0051 (6) | 0.0073 (6) |
N2 | 0.0196 (7) | 0.0214 (7) | 0.0281 (7) | 0.0098 (6) | 0.0036 (6) | 0.0070 (6) |
N3 | 0.0341 (8) | 0.0220 (7) | 0.0235 (7) | 0.0120 (6) | 0.0087 (6) | 0.0031 (6) |
N4 | 0.0515 (11) | 0.0293 (8) | 0.0265 (8) | 0.0233 (8) | 0.0118 (7) | 0.0069 (6) |
AG | 0.01875 (7) | 0.02032 (7) | 0.02912 (8) | 0.00771 (5) | 0.00391 (5) | 0.00737 (5) |
LI | 0.042 (2) | 0.0290 (16) | 0.0412 (19) | 0.0127 (15) | 0.0145 (16) | 0.0037 (14) |
O | 0.0445 (10) | 0.0380 (8) | 0.0559 (10) | 0.0024 (7) | 0.0143 (8) | 0.0005 (7) |
C1—N1 | 1.329 (2) | C26—H35 | 0.9900 |
C1—N2 | 1.331 (2) | C27—C28 | 1.515 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.450 (2) | C27—H36 | 0.9900 |
C2—C3 | 1.194 (3) | C27—H37 | 0.9900 |
C3—C4 | 1.433 (3) | C28—C29 | 1.517 (3) |
C4—C5 | 1.501 (3) | C28—H39 | 0.9900 |
C4—C6 | 1.505 (3) | C28—H38 | 0.9900 |
C4—H1 | 1.0000 | C29—C30 | 1.531 (3) |
C5—C6 | 1.473 (4) | C29—H41 | 0.9900 |
C5—H3 | 0.9900 | C29—H40 | 0.9900 |
C5—H2 | 0.9900 | C30—H42 | 0.9900 |
C6—H4 | 0.9900 | C30—H43 | 0.9900 |
C6—H5 | 0.9900 | C31—N4 | 1.455 (2) |
C7—N1 | 1.467 (2) | C31—C32 | 1.512 (4) |
C7—C8 | 1.520 (3) | C31—C36 | 1.529 (3) |
C7—C12 | 1.526 (3) | C31—H44 | 1.0000 |
C7—H6 | 1.0000 | C32—C33 | 1.536 (3) |
C8—C9 | 1.533 (3) | C32—H45 | 0.9900 |
C8—H8 | 0.9900 | C32—H46 | 0.9900 |
C8—H7 | 0.9900 | C33—C34 | 1.501 (4) |
C9—C10 | 1.506 (4) | C33—H48 | 0.9900 |
C9—H9 | 0.9900 | C33—H47 | 0.9900 |
C9—H10 | 0.9900 | C34—C35 | 1.497 (5) |
C10—C11 | 1.516 (4) | C34—H50 | 0.9900 |
C10—H12 | 0.9900 | C34—H49 | 0.9900 |
C10—H11 | 0.9900 | C35—C36 | 1.540 (4) |
C11—C12 | 1.526 (3) | C35—H51 | 0.9900 |
C11—H13 | 0.9900 | C35—H52 | 0.9900 |
C11—H14 | 0.9900 | C36—H54 | 0.9900 |
C12—H16 | 0.9900 | C36—H53 | 0.9900 |
C12—H15 | 0.9900 | C37—O | 1.426 (4) |
C13—N2 | 1.472 (2) | C37—C38 | 1.479 (5) |
C13—C18 | 1.521 (3) | C37—H55 | 0.9900 |
C13—C14 | 1.521 (2) | C37—H56 | 0.9900 |
C13—H17 | 1.0000 | C38—C39 | 1.470 (6) |
C14—C15 | 1.530 (3) | C38—H58 | 0.9900 |
C14—H18 | 0.9900 | C38—H57 | 0.9900 |
C14—H19 | 0.9900 | C39—C40 | 1.450 (5) |
C15—C16 | 1.513 (3) | C39—H60 | 0.9900 |
C15—H21 | 0.9900 | C39—H59 | 0.9900 |
C15—H20 | 0.9900 | C40—O | 1.419 (3) |
C16—C17 | 1.522 (3) | C40—H62 | 0.9900 |
C16—H22 | 0.9900 | C40—H61 | 0.9900 |
C16—H23 | 0.9900 | C41—C42B | 1.371 (4) |
C17—C18 | 1.529 (2) | C41—C42A | 1.371 (4) |
C17—H25 | 0.9900 | C41—C43ii | 1.388 (5) |
C17—H24 | 0.9900 | C41—H65 | 0.9500 |
C18—H27 | 0.9900 | C42A—C43 | 1.383 (4) |
C18—H26 | 0.9900 | C42A—C44 | 1.661 (6) |
C19—N4 | 1.321 (2) | C42B—C43 | 1.383 (4) |
C19—N3 | 1.335 (2) | C42B—H64 | 0.9500 |
C19—C20 | 1.466 (2) | C43—C41ii | 1.388 (5) |
C19—LIi | 2.428 (4) | C43—H63 | 0.9500 |
C20—C21 | 1.189 (3) | C44—H67 | 0.9800 |
C21—C22 | 1.437 (2) | C44—H68 | 0.9800 |
C22—C23 | 1.503 (3) | C44—H66 | 0.9800 |
C22—C24 | 1.507 (3) | N1—AG | 2.0908 (15) |
C22—H28 | 1.0000 | N2—AGiii | 2.0916 (14) |
C23—C24 | 1.486 (3) | N3—LI | 2.033 (4) |
C23—H30 | 0.9900 | N3—LIi | 2.261 (4) |
C23—H29 | 0.9900 | N4—LIi | 2.001 (4) |
C24—H31 | 0.9900 | AG—N2iii | 2.0917 (15) |
C24—H32 | 0.9900 | AG—AGiii | 2.6838 (3) |
C25—N3 | 1.459 (2) | LI—O | 1.906 (4) |
C25—C30 | 1.523 (3) | LI—N4i | 2.001 (4) |
C25—C26 | 1.528 (3) | LI—N3i | 2.261 (4) |
C25—H33 | 1.0000 | LI—C19i | 2.428 (4) |
C26—C27 | 1.524 (3) | LI—LIi | 2.440 (7) |
C26—H34 | 0.9900 | ||
N1—C1—N2 | 123.71 (15) | C26—C27—H37 | 109.4 |
N1—C1—C2 | 118.48 (15) | H36—C27—H37 | 108.0 |
N2—C1—C2 | 117.81 (15) | C27—C28—C29 | 110.48 (17) |
C3—C2—C1 | 175.75 (19) | C27—C28—H39 | 109.6 |
C2—C3—C4 | 176.6 (2) | C29—C28—H39 | 109.6 |
C3—C4—C5 | 118.31 (19) | C27—C28—H38 | 109.6 |
C3—C4—C6 | 118.78 (19) | C29—C28—H38 | 109.6 |
C5—C4—C6 | 58.69 (17) | H39—C28—H38 | 108.1 |
C3—C4—H1 | 116.3 | C28—C29—C30 | 111.95 (18) |
C5—C4—H1 | 116.3 | C28—C29—H41 | 109.2 |
C6—C4—H1 | 116.3 | C30—C29—H41 | 109.2 |
C6—C5—C4 | 60.81 (16) | C28—C29—H40 | 109.2 |
C6—C5—H3 | 117.7 | C30—C29—H40 | 109.2 |
C4—C5—H3 | 117.7 | H41—C29—H40 | 107.9 |
C6—C5—H2 | 117.7 | C25—C30—C29 | 112.68 (16) |
C4—C5—H2 | 117.7 | C25—C30—H42 | 109.1 |
H3—C5—H2 | 114.8 | C29—C30—H42 | 109.1 |
C5—C6—C4 | 60.50 (16) | C25—C30—H43 | 109.1 |
C5—C6—H4 | 117.7 | C29—C30—H43 | 109.1 |
C4—C6—H4 | 117.7 | H42—C30—H43 | 107.8 |
C5—C6—H5 | 117.7 | N4—C31—C32 | 110.88 (18) |
C4—C6—H5 | 117.7 | N4—C31—C36 | 109.39 (18) |
H4—C6—H5 | 114.8 | C32—C31—C36 | 109.73 (19) |
N1—C7—C8 | 110.92 (14) | N4—C31—H44 | 108.9 |
N1—C7—C12 | 110.30 (15) | C32—C31—H44 | 108.9 |
C8—C7—C12 | 110.42 (16) | C36—C31—H44 | 108.9 |
N1—C7—H6 | 108.4 | C31—C32—C33 | 111.7 (2) |
C8—C7—H6 | 108.4 | C31—C32—H45 | 109.3 |
C12—C7—H6 | 108.4 | C33—C32—H45 | 109.3 |
C7—C8—C9 | 111.51 (17) | C31—C32—H46 | 109.3 |
C7—C8—H8 | 109.3 | C33—C32—H46 | 109.3 |
C9—C8—H8 | 109.3 | H45—C32—H46 | 107.9 |
C7—C8—H7 | 109.3 | C34—C33—C32 | 110.7 (2) |
C9—C8—H7 | 109.3 | C34—C33—H48 | 109.5 |
H8—C8—H7 | 108.0 | C32—C33—H48 | 109.5 |
C10—C9—C8 | 111.6 (2) | C34—C33—H47 | 109.5 |
C10—C9—H9 | 109.3 | C32—C33—H47 | 109.5 |
C8—C9—H9 | 109.3 | H48—C33—H47 | 108.1 |
C10—C9—H10 | 109.3 | C35—C34—C33 | 112.6 (3) |
C8—C9—H10 | 109.3 | C35—C34—H50 | 109.1 |
H9—C9—H10 | 108.0 | C33—C34—H50 | 109.1 |
C9—C10—C11 | 111.62 (18) | C35—C34—H49 | 109.1 |
C9—C10—H12 | 109.3 | C33—C34—H49 | 109.1 |
C11—C10—H12 | 109.3 | H50—C34—H49 | 107.8 |
C9—C10—H11 | 109.3 | C34—C35—C36 | 111.3 (2) |
C11—C10—H11 | 109.3 | C34—C35—H51 | 109.4 |
H12—C10—H11 | 108.0 | C36—C35—H51 | 109.4 |
C10—C11—C12 | 111.61 (18) | C34—C35—H52 | 109.4 |
C10—C11—H13 | 109.3 | C36—C35—H52 | 109.4 |
C12—C11—H13 | 109.3 | H51—C35—H52 | 108.0 |
C10—C11—H14 | 109.3 | C31—C36—C35 | 111.1 (2) |
C12—C11—H14 | 109.3 | C31—C36—H54 | 109.4 |
H13—C11—H14 | 108.0 | C35—C36—H54 | 109.4 |
C7—C12—C11 | 111.45 (18) | C31—C36—H53 | 109.4 |
C7—C12—H16 | 109.3 | C35—C36—H53 | 109.4 |
C11—C12—H16 | 109.3 | H54—C36—H53 | 108.0 |
C7—C12—H15 | 109.3 | O—C37—C38 | 104.5 (3) |
C11—C12—H15 | 109.3 | O—C37—H55 | 110.8 |
H16—C12—H15 | 108.0 | C38—C37—H55 | 110.8 |
N2—C13—C18 | 110.41 (14) | O—C37—H56 | 110.8 |
N2—C13—C14 | 111.62 (14) | C38—C37—H56 | 110.8 |
C18—C13—C14 | 109.78 (15) | H55—C37—H56 | 108.9 |
N2—C13—H17 | 108.3 | C39—C38—C37 | 105.6 (3) |
C18—C13—H17 | 108.3 | C39—C38—H58 | 110.6 |
C14—C13—H17 | 108.3 | C37—C38—H58 | 110.6 |
C13—C14—C15 | 111.17 (16) | C39—C38—H57 | 110.6 |
C13—C14—H18 | 109.4 | C37—C38—H57 | 110.6 |
C15—C14—H18 | 109.4 | H58—C38—H57 | 108.8 |
C13—C14—H19 | 109.4 | C40—C39—C38 | 102.6 (3) |
C15—C14—H19 | 109.4 | C40—C39—H60 | 111.3 |
H18—C14—H19 | 108.0 | C38—C39—H60 | 111.3 |
C16—C15—C14 | 111.29 (18) | C40—C39—H59 | 111.3 |
C16—C15—H21 | 109.4 | C38—C39—H59 | 111.3 |
C14—C15—H21 | 109.4 | H60—C39—H59 | 109.2 |
C16—C15—H20 | 109.4 | O—C40—C39 | 108.0 (3) |
C14—C15—H20 | 109.4 | O—C40—H62 | 110.1 |
H21—C15—H20 | 108.0 | C39—C40—H62 | 110.1 |
C15—C16—C17 | 111.32 (17) | O—C40—H61 | 110.1 |
C15—C16—H22 | 109.4 | C39—C40—H61 | 110.1 |
C17—C16—H22 | 109.4 | H62—C40—H61 | 108.4 |
C15—C16—H23 | 109.4 | C42B—C41—C43ii | 121.4 (3) |
C17—C16—H23 | 109.4 | C42A—C41—C43ii | 121.4 (3) |
H22—C16—H23 | 108.0 | C42A—C41—H65 | 119.3 |
C16—C17—C18 | 111.25 (17) | C43ii—C41—H65 | 119.3 |
C16—C17—H25 | 109.4 | C41—C42A—C43 | 118.0 (3) |
C18—C17—H25 | 109.4 | C41—C42A—C44 | 123.4 (3) |
C16—C17—H24 | 109.4 | C43—C42A—C44 | 118.5 (3) |
C18—C17—H24 | 109.4 | C41—C42B—C43 | 118.0 (3) |
H25—C17—H24 | 108.0 | C41—C42B—H64 | 121.0 |
C13—C18—C17 | 111.56 (16) | C43—C42B—H64 | 121.0 |
C13—C18—H27 | 109.3 | C42B—C43—C41ii | 120.6 (3) |
C17—C18—H27 | 109.3 | C42A—C43—C41ii | 120.6 (3) |
C13—C18—H26 | 109.3 | C42A—C43—H63 | 119.7 |
C17—C18—H26 | 109.3 | C41ii—C43—H63 | 119.7 |
H27—C18—H26 | 108.0 | C42A—C44—H67 | 109.5 |
N4—C19—N3 | 118.85 (16) | C42A—C44—H68 | 109.5 |
N4—C19—C20 | 120.31 (16) | H67—C44—H68 | 109.5 |
N3—C19—C20 | 120.77 (16) | C42A—C44—H66 | 109.5 |
N4—C19—LIi | 55.46 (13) | H67—C44—H66 | 109.5 |
N3—C19—LIi | 66.70 (13) | H68—C44—H66 | 109.5 |
C20—C19—LIi | 158.53 (15) | C1—N1—C7 | 119.72 (14) |
C21—C20—C19 | 176.60 (19) | C1—N1—AG | 122.90 (11) |
C20—C21—C22 | 177.03 (19) | C7—N1—AG | 117.28 (11) |
C21—C22—C23 | 118.85 (16) | C1—N2—C13 | 119.09 (14) |
C21—C22—C24 | 118.48 (16) | C1—N2—AGiii | 122.58 (11) |
C23—C22—C24 | 59.15 (13) | C13—N2—AGiii | 118.05 (11) |
C21—C22—H28 | 116.1 | C19—N3—C25 | 118.58 (14) |
C23—C22—H28 | 116.1 | C19—N3—LI | 123.43 (16) |
C24—C22—H28 | 116.1 | C25—N3—LI | 111.73 (15) |
C24—C23—C22 | 60.54 (13) | C19—N3—LIi | 80.46 (14) |
C24—C23—H30 | 117.7 | C25—N3—LIi | 148.51 (16) |
C22—C23—H30 | 117.7 | LI—N3—LIi | 69.00 (17) |
C24—C23—H29 | 117.7 | C19—N4—C31 | 119.98 (16) |
C22—C23—H29 | 117.7 | C19—N4—LIi | 91.58 (16) |
H30—C23—H29 | 114.8 | C31—N4—LIi | 144.63 (18) |
C23—C24—C22 | 60.31 (13) | N1—AG—N2iii | 170.66 (5) |
C23—C24—H31 | 117.7 | N1—AG—AGiii | 85.27 (4) |
C22—C24—H31 | 117.7 | N2iii—AG—AGiii | 85.45 (4) |
C23—C24—H32 | 117.7 | O—LI—N4i | 118.78 (19) |
C22—C24—H32 | 117.7 | O—LI—N3 | 114.34 (19) |
H31—C24—H32 | 114.9 | N4i—LI—N3 | 124.4 (2) |
N3—C25—C30 | 109.55 (15) | O—LI—N3i | 110.21 (18) |
N3—C25—C26 | 111.24 (15) | N4i—LI—N3i | 64.58 (12) |
C30—C25—C26 | 110.27 (15) | N3—LI—N3i | 111.00 (17) |
N3—C25—H33 | 108.6 | O—LI—C19i | 112.66 (17) |
C30—C25—H33 | 108.6 | N4i—LI—C19i | 32.96 (8) |
C26—C25—H33 | 108.6 | N3—LI—C19i | 129.55 (18) |
C27—C26—C25 | 112.17 (17) | N3i—LI—C19i | 32.85 (7) |
C27—C26—H34 | 109.2 | O—LI—LIi | 131.6 (3) |
C25—C26—H34 | 109.2 | N4i—LI—LIi | 94.2 (2) |
C27—C26—H35 | 109.2 | N3—LI—LIi | 59.91 (14) |
C25—C26—H35 | 109.2 | N3i—LI—LIi | 51.08 (14) |
H34—C26—H35 | 107.9 | C19i—LI—LIi | 75.64 (17) |
C28—C27—C26 | 110.99 (17) | C40—O—C37 | 109.2 (2) |
C28—C27—H36 | 109.4 | C40—O—LI | 118.0 (2) |
C26—C27—H36 | 109.4 | C37—O—LI | 123.21 (19) |
C28—C27—H37 | 109.4 | ||
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 108.2 (2) | C44—C42A—C43—C41ii | 177.3 (3) |
C3—C4—C6—C5 | −107.4 (2) | N2—C1—N1—C7 | −174.14 (16) |
N1—C7—C8—C9 | 177.97 (19) | C2—C1—N1—C7 | 6.6 (2) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | 55.4 (2) | N2—C1—N1—AG | 2.2 (2) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −55.3 (3) | C2—C1—N1—AG | −177.07 (12) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | 54.4 (3) | C8—C7—N1—C1 | 96.9 (2) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −54.5 (3) | C12—C7—N1—C1 | −140.43 (17) |
N1—C7—C12—C11 | −178.41 (16) | C8—C7—N1—AG | −79.60 (17) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | −55.5 (2) | C12—C7—N1—AG | 43.06 (18) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | 55.2 (3) | N1—C1—N2—C13 | −177.37 (16) |
N2—C13—C14—C15 | 179.88 (16) | C2—C1—N2—C13 | 1.9 (2) |
C18—C13—C14—C15 | 57.1 (2) | N1—C1—N2—AGiii | −3.6 (2) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | −56.7 (2) | C2—C1—N2—AGiii | 175.62 (12) |
C14—C15—C16—C17 | 54.8 (2) | C18—C13—N2—C1 | −153.85 (16) |
C15—C16—C17—C18 | −54.2 (2) | C14—C13—N2—C1 | 83.74 (19) |
N2—C13—C18—C17 | 179.80 (15) | C18—C13—N2—AGiii | 32.10 (18) |
C14—C13—C18—C17 | −56.7 (2) | C14—C13—N2—AGiii | −90.30 (16) |
C16—C17—C18—C13 | 55.6 (2) | N4—C19—N3—C25 | 172.85 (17) |
C21—C22—C23—C24 | −107.76 (19) | C20—C19—N3—C25 | −4.1 (3) |
C21—C22—C24—C23 | 108.4 (2) | LIi—C19—N3—C25 | 153.26 (19) |
N3—C25—C26—C27 | 175.81 (16) | N4—C19—N3—LI | −37.3 (3) |
C30—C25—C26—C27 | 54.1 (2) | C20—C19—N3—LI | 145.79 (19) |
C25—C26—C27—C28 | −57.2 (2) | LIi—C19—N3—LI | −56.9 (2) |
C26—C27—C28—C29 | 56.8 (2) | N4—C19—N3—LIi | 19.59 (19) |
C27—C28—C29—C30 | −55.1 (2) | C20—C19—N3—LIi | −157.33 (19) |
N3—C25—C30—C29 | −174.89 (16) | C30—C25—N3—C19 | −140.43 (17) |
C26—C25—C30—C29 | −52.1 (2) | C26—C25—N3—C19 | 97.41 (19) |
C28—C29—C30—C25 | 53.6 (2) | C30—C25—N3—LI | 66.4 (2) |
N4—C31—C32—C33 | −177.9 (2) | C26—C25—N3—LI | −55.8 (2) |
C36—C31—C32—C33 | −56.9 (3) | C30—C25—N3—LIi | −18.6 (3) |
C31—C32—C33—C34 | 56.0 (4) | C26—C25—N3—LIi | −140.7 (2) |
C32—C33—C34—C35 | −54.5 (4) | N3—C19—N4—C31 | 174.79 (18) |
C33—C34—C35—C36 | 54.4 (4) | C20—C19—N4—C31 | −8.3 (3) |
N4—C31—C36—C35 | 178.0 (2) | LIi—C19—N4—C31 | −163.3 (2) |
C32—C31—C36—C35 | 56.1 (3) | N3—C19—N4—LIi | −21.9 (2) |
C34—C35—C36—C31 | −55.0 (3) | C20—C19—N4—LIi | 154.99 (18) |
O—C37—C38—C39 | 26.4 (4) | C32—C31—N4—C19 | −90.0 (2) |
C37—C38—C39—C40 | −32.0 (4) | C36—C31—N4—C19 | 148.8 (2) |
C38—C39—C40—O | 26.0 (4) | C32—C31—N4—LIi | 119.8 (3) |
C43ii—C41—C42A—C43 | 0.8 (4) | C36—C31—N4—LIi | −1.3 (4) |
C43ii—C41—C42A—C44 | −177.2 (3) | C39—C40—O—C37 | −10.2 (4) |
C43ii—C41—C42B—C43 | 0.8 (4) | C39—C40—O—LI | −157.6 (3) |
C41—C42B—C43—C41ii | −0.8 (4) | C38—C37—O—C40 | −10.2 (4) |
C41—C42A—C43—C41ii | −0.8 (4) | C38—C37—O—LI | 135.2 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y+1, −z; (ii) −x+1, −y+2, −z; (iii) −x+2, −y+2, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported financially by the Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg. SW holds a PhD studentship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC).
References
Aharonovich, S., Kapon, M., Botoshanski, M. & Eisen, M. S. (2008). Organometallics, 27, 1869–1877. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Archibald, S. J., Alcock, N. W., Busch, D. H. & Whitcomb, D. R. (2000). J. Cluster Sci. 11, 261–283. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Bailey, P. J. & Pace, S. (2001). Coord. Chem. Rev. 214, 91–141. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Brandenburg, K. (1999). DIAMOND. University of Bonn, Germany. Google Scholar
Brown, D. J., Chisholm, M. H. & Gallucci, J. C. (2008). Dalton Trans. pp. 1615–1624. Web of Science CSD CrossRef Google Scholar
Chlupatý, T., Padělková, A., Lyčka, A. & Růžička, A. (2011). J. Organomet. Chem. 696, 2346–2354. Google Scholar
Collins, S. (2011). Coord. Chem. Rev. 255, 118–138. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Cure, J., Coppel, Y., Dammak, T., Fazzini, P. F., Mlayah, A., Chaudret, B. & Fau, P. (2015). Langmuir, 31, 1362–1367. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Devi, A. (2013). Coord. Chem. Rev. 257, 3332–3384. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Downard, A. & Chivers, T. (2001). Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. pp. 2193–2201. CrossRef Google Scholar
Edelmann, F. T. (2008). Adv. Organomet. Chem. 57, 183–352. CAS Google Scholar
Edelmann, F. T. (2009). Chem. Soc. Rev. 38, 2253–2268. Web of Science CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Edelmann, F. T. (2012). Chem. Soc. Rev. 41, 7657–7672. Web of Science CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Edelmann, F. T. (2013). Adv. Organomet. Chem. 61, 55–374. CAS Google Scholar
Gambarotta, S., Bracci, M., Floriani, C., Chiesi-Villa, A. & Guastini, C. (1987). J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. pp. 1883–1888. CSD CrossRef Web of Science Google Scholar
Hitchcock, P. B., Lappert, M. F. & Pierssens, L. J.-M. (1996). Chem. Commun. pp. 1189–1190. CSD CrossRef Web of Science Google Scholar
Hong, J., Zhang, L., Wang, K., Chen, Z., Wu, L. & Zhou, X. (2013). Organometallics, 32, 7312–7322. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Hope, H. & Power, P. P. (1984). Inorg. Chem. 23, 936–937. CSD CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
James, A. M., Laxman, R. K., Fronczek, F. R. & Maverick, A. W. (1998). Inorg. Chem. 37, 3785–3791. Web of Science CSD CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Jansen, M. (1987). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 26, 1098–1110. CrossRef Web of Science Google Scholar
Lane, A. C., Vollmer, M. V., Laber, C. H., Melgarejo, D. Y., Chiarella, G. M., Fackler, J. P. Jr, Yang, X., Baker, G. A. & Walensky, J. R. (2014). Inorg. Chem. 53, 11357–11366. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Li, Z., Barry, S. T. & Gordon, R. G. (2005). Inorg. Chem. 44, 1728–1735. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Li, X., Li, Y.-L., Chen, Y., Zou, Y., Zhuo, X.-B., Wu, Q.-Y., Zhao, Q.-J. & Hu, H.-G. (2015). RSC Adv. 5, 94654–94657. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Liebing, P. & Merzweiler, K. (2016). Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 642, 500–507. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Lim, B. S., Rahtu, A., Park, J.-S. & Gordon, R. G. (2003). Inorg. Chem. 42, 7951–7958. Web of Science CSD CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Nevoralová, J., Chlupatý, T., Padělková, A. & Růžička, A. (2013). J. Organomet. Chem. 745–746, 186–189. Google Scholar
Okano, A., James, R. C., Pierce, J. G., Xie, J. & Boger, D. L. (2012). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 8790–8793. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Pereshivko, O. P., Peshkov, V. A., Ermolat'ev, D. S., Van Hove, S., Van Hecke, K., Van Meervelt, L. & Van der Eycken, E. V. (2011). Synthesis, pp. 1587–1594. Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015a). Acta Cryst. A71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015b). Acta Cryst. C71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Snaith, R. & Wright, D. S. (1995). In Lithium Chemistry, A Theoretical and Experimental Overview, edited by A. Sapse & P. von R. Schleyer. New York: Wiley. Google Scholar
Sroor, F. M., Hrib, C. G., Hilfert, L. & Edelmann, F. T. (2013). Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 639, 2390–2394. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Stalke, D., Wedler, M. & Edelmann, F. T. (1992). J. Organomet. Chem. 431, C1–C5. CSD CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Stoe & Cie (2002). X-AREA and X-RED. Stoe & Cie, Darmstadt, Germany. Google Scholar
Trifonov, A. A. (2010). Coord. Chem. Rev. 254, 1327–1347. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Westrip, S. P. (2010). J. Appl. Cryst. 43, 920–925. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Whitehorne, T. J. J., Coyle, J. P., Mahmood, A., Monillas, W. H., Yap, G. P. A. & Barry, S. T. (2011). Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. pp. 3240–3247. Web of Science CSD CrossRef Google Scholar
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.