research communications
2Fe(PO4)3
of calcium dinickel(II) iron(III) tris(orthophosphate): CaNiaLaboratoire de Chimie du Solide Appliquée, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
*Correspondence e-mail: saidouaatta87@gmail.com
The title compound, CaNi2Fe(PO4)3, was synthesized by solid-state reactions. Its structure is closely related to that of α-CrPO4 in the Imma. Except for two O atoms in general positions, all atoms are located in special positions. The three-dimensional framework is built up from two types of sheets extending parallel to (100). The first sheet is made up from two edge-sharing [NiO6] octahedra, leading to the formation of [Ni2O10] double octahedra that are connected to two PO4 tetrahedra through a common edge and corners. The second sheet results from rows of corner-sharing [FeO6] octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra forming an infinite linear chain. These layers are linked together through common corners of PO4 tetrahedra and [FeO6] octahedra, resulting in an open three-dimensional framework that delimits two types of channels parallel to [100] and [010] in which the eightfold-coordinated CaII cations are located.
Keywords: crystal structure; CaNi2Fe(PO4)3; transition metal phosphate; solid-state reactions; α-CrPO4 structure type.
CCDC reference: 1551182
1. Chemical context
Phosphates belonging to the alluaudite (Moore, 1971) or to the α-CrPO4 (Attfield et al., 1988) structure type exhibit interesting physical and chemical properties. Consequently, these compounds have many promising applications such as use as positive electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries (Kim et al., 2014; Huang et al., 2015) or as catalysts (Kacimi et al., 2005). Over the last few years, phosphate-based compounds crystallizing in the α-CrPO4 or alluaudite structure types have been investigated by us. In this context, new phosphates adopting the alluaudite or α-CrPO4 structure type have been synthesized and structurally characterized. For example, the mixed-valence manganese phosphates PbMnII2MnIII(PO4)3 (Alhakmi et al., 2013) and PbMnII2MnIII(PO4)3 (Assani et al., 2013), the magnesium phosphate NaMg3(PO4)(HPO4)2 (Ould Saleck et al., 2015) and silver nickel phosphate Ag2Ni3(HPO4)(PO4)2 (Assani et al., 2011) were synthesized by hydrothermal methods, while solid-state reactions were applied to synthesize SrNi2Fe(PO4)3 (Ouaatta et al., 2015) and Na2Co2Fe(PO4)3 (Bouraima et al., 2015). In a continuation of the latter preparation route, we have investigated pseudo-quaternary systems MO–NiO–Fe2O3–P2O5 (M represents a divalent cation) and report here on the synthesis and of the title compound, CaNi2Fe(PO4)3.
2. Structural commentary
CaNi2Fe(PO4)3 crystallizes in the α-CrPO4 structure type. The principal building units of the are one [CaO8] polyhedron, [FeO6] and [NiO6] octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, as shown in Fig. 1.The octahedral coordination sphere of the iron(III) cation is more distorted than that of nickel(II), with Fe—O bond lengths in the range 1.9504 (7)–2.0822 (11) Å and Ni—O bond lengths in the range 2.0498 (8)–2.0841 (8) Å. In the title structure, all atoms are on special positions, except for the two oxygen atoms O1 and O2, which are on general positions. The structure can be described by the stacking of two types of sheets extending parallel to (100). The first sheet is formed by alternating [FeO6] octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra sharing corners to build a linear infinite chain surrounding a zigzag chain of CaII+ cations (Fig. 2). The second sheet is built up from two edge-sharing [NiO6] octahedra leading to the formation of [Ni2O10] double octahedra, which are connected to two PO4 tetrahedra by a common edge and a common corner, as shown in Fig. 3. The linkage of both layers, through vertices of PO4 tetrahedra and [FeO6] octahedra, gives rise to the formation of an open three-dimensional framework that delimits two types of channels parallel to [100] and [010] in which the CaII cations are located with eight neighbouring O atoms, as shown in Fig. 4. The title compound has a stoichiometric composition like that of the related strontium homologue SrNi2Fe(PO4)3.
3. Synthesis and crystallization
CaNi2Fe(PO4)3 was prepared by solid-state reactions in air. Stoichiometric mixtures of calcium, nickel and iron precursors were dissolved in water to which 85%wt phosphoric acid was added. The obtained mixture was stirred without heating for 24 h and was subsequently evaporated to dryness at 343 K. The resulting dry residue was ground in an agate mortar until progressively heated in a platinum crucible up to 873 K to remove the volatile decomposition products, and then melted at 1433 K. The molten product was cooled down slowly with a 5 K h−1 rate and then to room temperature. The crystals obtained after washing with water were orange with parallelepipedal forms.
4. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . The maximum and minimum remaining electron densities are 0.68 and 0.41 Å, respectively, away from the Ni1 site.
details are summarized in Table 1Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1551182
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989017007411/wm5390sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989017007411/wm5390Isup2.hkl
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).CaNi2Fe(PO4)3 | Dx = 3.800 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 498.26 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Orthorhombic, Imma | Cell parameters from 1171 reflections |
a = 10.3126 (3) Å | θ = 3.1–36.6° |
b = 13.1138 (3) Å | µ = 7.14 mm−1 |
c = 6.4405 (2) Å | T = 296 K |
V = 871.00 (4) Å3 | Parallelepiped, orange |
Z = 4 | 0.30 × 0.27 × 0.21 mm |
F(000) = 972 |
Bruker X8 APEX diffractometer | 1171 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1153 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.020 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 36.6°, θmin = 3.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015) | h = −16→17 |
Tmin = 0.596, Tmax = 0.748 | k = −20→22 |
8446 measured reflections | l = −10→10 |
Refinement on F2 | 0 restraints |
Least-squares matrix: full | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0216P)2 + 1.467P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.017 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
wR(F2) = 0.044 | Δρmax = 0.76 e Å−3 |
S = 1.17 | Δρmin = −0.63 e Å−3 |
1171 reflections | Extinction correction: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
54 parameters | Extinction coefficient: 0.0033 (2) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Ni1 | 0.7500 | 0.36655 (2) | 0.7500 | 0.00475 (5) | |
Fe1 | 0.5000 | 0.0000 | 0.5000 | 0.00372 (6) | |
Ca1 | 0.5000 | 0.2500 | 0.08981 (7) | 0.01187 (8) | |
P1 | 0.7500 | 0.57298 (3) | 0.7500 | 0.00385 (7) | |
P2 | 0.5000 | 0.2500 | 0.58291 (8) | 0.00327 (8) | |
O1 | 0.86146 (7) | 0.49415 (6) | 0.79418 (13) | 0.00590 (12) | |
O4 | 0.61754 (11) | 0.2500 | 0.73284 (17) | 0.00587 (16) | |
O3 | 0.5000 | 0.15625 (8) | 0.44256 (18) | 0.00672 (17) | |
O2 | 0.70724 (8) | 0.63786 (6) | 0.93385 (12) | 0.00762 (13) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Ni1 | 0.00486 (9) | 0.00326 (8) | 0.00613 (9) | 0.000 | −0.00056 (5) | 0.000 |
Fe1 | 0.00264 (10) | 0.00397 (11) | 0.00455 (11) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.00016 (8) |
Ca1 | 0.01508 (18) | 0.01319 (18) | 0.00735 (16) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
P1 | 0.00450 (14) | 0.00307 (14) | 0.00398 (14) | 0.000 | −0.00041 (9) | 0.000 |
P2 | 0.00320 (17) | 0.00246 (17) | 0.00414 (18) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
O1 | 0.0045 (3) | 0.0054 (3) | 0.0079 (3) | 0.0006 (2) | −0.0021 (2) | −0.0004 (2) |
O4 | 0.0049 (4) | 0.0057 (4) | 0.0070 (4) | 0.000 | −0.0023 (3) | 0.000 |
O3 | 0.0082 (4) | 0.0045 (4) | 0.0075 (4) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.0024 (3) |
O2 | 0.0102 (3) | 0.0069 (3) | 0.0057 (3) | 0.0018 (2) | 0.0001 (2) | −0.0020 (2) |
Ni1—O1 | 2.0498 (8) | Ca1—O2xi | 2.5987 (8) |
Ni1—O1i | 2.0499 (8) | Ca1—O2xii | 2.5987 (8) |
Ni1—O4 | 2.0529 (8) | Ca1—O2xiii | 2.5987 (8) |
Ni1—O4ii | 2.0529 (8) | Ca1—O4xiv | 2.5990 (12) |
Ni1—O2iii | 2.0841 (8) | Ca1—O4xv | 2.5990 (12) |
Ni1—O2iv | 2.0841 (8) | Ca1—P2 | 3.1758 (7) |
Fe1—O1ii | 1.9504 (7) | Ca1—P2xv | 3.2647 (7) |
Fe1—O1v | 1.9504 (7) | P1—O2i | 1.5233 (8) |
Fe1—O1vi | 1.9504 (7) | P1—O2 | 1.5233 (8) |
Fe1—O1vii | 1.9504 (7) | P1—O1i | 1.5719 (8) |
Fe1—O3viii | 2.0822 (11) | P1—O1 | 1.5719 (8) |
Fe1—O3 | 2.0822 (11) | P2—O3 | 1.5259 (11) |
Ca1—O3 | 2.5832 (12) | P2—O3ix | 1.5259 (11) |
Ca1—O3ix | 2.5832 (12) | P2—O4ix | 1.5498 (11) |
Ca1—O2x | 2.5987 (8) | P2—O4 | 1.5498 (11) |
O1—Ni1—O1i | 70.58 (4) | O2x—Ca1—O2xi | 173.27 (4) |
O1—Ni1—O4 | 171.24 (3) | O3—Ca1—O2xii | 77.42 (2) |
O1i—Ni1—O4 | 103.13 (3) | O3ix—Ca1—O2xii | 108.72 (2) |
O1—Ni1—O4ii | 103.13 (3) | O2x—Ca1—O2xii | 110.65 (3) |
O1i—Ni1—O4ii | 171.24 (3) | O2xi—Ca1—O2xii | 68.92 (3) |
O4—Ni1—O4ii | 83.76 (5) | O3—Ca1—O2xiii | 108.72 (2) |
O1—Ni1—O2iii | 90.33 (3) | O3ix—Ca1—O2xiii | 77.42 (2) |
O1i—Ni1—O2iii | 92.27 (3) | O2x—Ca1—O2xiii | 68.92 (3) |
O4—Ni1—O2iii | 83.75 (4) | O2xi—Ca1—O2xiii | 110.65 (3) |
O4ii—Ni1—O2iii | 93.87 (4) | O2xii—Ca1—O2xiii | 173.27 (4) |
O1—Ni1—O2iv | 92.27 (3) | O3—Ca1—O4xiv | 141.08 (2) |
O1i—Ni1—O2iv | 90.33 (3) | O3ix—Ca1—O4xiv | 141.08 (2) |
O4—Ni1—O2iv | 93.87 (4) | O2x—Ca1—O4xiv | 64.19 (3) |
O4ii—Ni1—O2iv | 83.75 (4) | O2xi—Ca1—O4xiv | 109.37 (3) |
O2iii—Ni1—O2iv | 176.81 (4) | O2xii—Ca1—O4xiv | 109.37 (3) |
O1ii—Fe1—O1v | 180.0 | O2xiii—Ca1—O4xiv | 64.19 (3) |
O1ii—Fe1—O1vi | 85.81 (5) | O3—Ca1—O4xv | 141.08 (2) |
O1v—Fe1—O1vi | 94.19 (5) | O3ix—Ca1—O4xv | 141.08 (2) |
O1ii—Fe1—O1vii | 94.19 (5) | O2x—Ca1—O4xv | 109.37 (3) |
O1v—Fe1—O1vii | 85.81 (5) | O2xi—Ca1—O4xv | 64.19 (3) |
O1vi—Fe1—O1vii | 180.0 | O2xii—Ca1—O4xv | 64.19 (3) |
O1ii—Fe1—O3viii | 85.29 (3) | O2xiii—Ca1—O4xv | 109.37 (3) |
O1v—Fe1—O3viii | 94.71 (3) | O4xiv—Ca1—O4xv | 55.60 (5) |
O1vi—Fe1—O3viii | 94.71 (3) | O2i—P1—O2 | 112.08 (6) |
O1vii—Fe1—O3viii | 85.29 (3) | O2i—P1—O1i | 116.00 (4) |
O1ii—Fe1—O3 | 94.71 (3) | O2—P1—O1i | 107.24 (4) |
O1v—Fe1—O3 | 85.29 (3) | O2i—P1—O1 | 107.24 (4) |
O1vi—Fe1—O3 | 85.29 (3) | O2—P1—O1 | 116.00 (4) |
O1vii—Fe1—O3 | 94.71 (3) | O1i—P1—O1 | 97.76 (6) |
O3viii—Fe1—O3 | 180.000 (10) | O3—P2—O3ix | 107.35 (9) |
O3—Ca1—O3ix | 56.84 (5) | O3—P2—O4ix | 111.66 (3) |
O3—Ca1—O2x | 77.42 (2) | O3ix—P2—O4ix | 111.66 (3) |
O3ix—Ca1—O2x | 108.72 (2) | O3—P2—O4 | 111.66 (3) |
O3—Ca1—O2xi | 108.72 (2) | O3ix—P2—O4 | 111.66 (3) |
O3ix—Ca1—O2xi | 77.42 (2) | O4ix—P2—O4 | 102.91 (9) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+3/2, y, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1/2, −z+3/2; (iii) x, −y+1, −z+2; (iv) −x+3/2, −y+1, z−1/2; (v) x−1/2, y−1/2, z−1/2; (vi) −x+3/2, y−1/2, z−1/2; (vii) x−1/2, −y+1/2, −z+3/2; (viii) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (ix) −x+1, −y+1/2, z; (x) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1; (xi) x, −y+1, −z+1; (xii) x, y−1/2, −z+1; (xiii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (xiv) −x+1, −y+1/2, z−1; (xv) x, y, z−1. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Unit of Support for Technical and Scientific Research (UATRS, CNRST) for the X-ray measurements.
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
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