research communications
μ7-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato)dicalcium(II)copper(II)]
of a heterometallic coordination polymer: poly[diaquabis(aKey Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Sciences of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: zhangbg68@yahoo.com
In the title complex, [Ca2Cu(C9H3O6)2(H2O)2]n, the CaII and CuII cations are bridged by the benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate anions (BTC3−) to form the coordination polymer, in which each BTC3− anion bridges two CuII and five CaII cations with a μ7 coordination mode. The CuII cation, located at an inversion centre, is in a nearly square-planar geometry defined by four O atoms from four bridging BTC3− anions, while the CaII cation is in a distorted octahedral geometry defined by five O atoms from bridging BTC3− anions and one water molecule. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between coordinating water molecules and carboxyl groups further stabilize the structure; π–π stacking is also observed between parallel benzene rings, the centroid-to-centroid distance being 3.357 (2) Å.
Keywords: crystal structure; heterometallic complex; copper carboxylates; calcium carboxylates; π–π stacking.
CCDC reference: 1547715
1. Chemical context
In recent years, the rational design and synthesis of heterometallic coordination compounds have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in magnetism, luminescence, adsorption, chemical sensing and catalysis, as well as their aesthetically beautiful architectures and topologies (Cui et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2013; Ma et al., 2014; Wimberg et al., 2012). However, hererometallic organic frameworks are investigated less frequently than single-metal organic frameworks in crystal engineering, mainly because of the competitive complexation of different metal ions in the self-assembly progress. Recently, alkaline-earth metal ions have attracted more and more research interest owing to their unpredictable and pH-dependent self-assembly in the construction of novel topological coordination compounds (Borah et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2011). However, the larger atomic radii and high of hydration make it relatively difficult to design the coordination polymers of alkaline-earth metal ions as well as to synthesize them from aqueous solution (Reger et al., 2013). As alkaline-earth metals and transition metals coordinate to the same ligand, it often gives rise to homometallic coordination compounds rather than heterometallic ones. In this regard, one of the effective synthetic strategies in building the alkaline-earth-metal-containing compounds is to employ appropriate bridging ligands. As a multifunctional hybrid ligand, H3BTC (benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid) in its partly or fully deprotonated form exhibits versatile coordination modes and can bind to the metal ions by making full use of the carboxylate oxygen atoms. In addition, heterometallic compounds incorporating only the H3BTC ligand are few in number (Chen et al., 2004; Li et al., 2010; Sun et al., 2014, 2016; Xu et al., 2014). As part of our ongoing studies on these compounds, we describe here synthesis and of the title compound, [Ca2Cu(BTC)2(H2O)2]n, (1).
2. Structural commentary
The 1) contains one copper(II) cation (located at an inversion centre), one calcium(II) cation, one BTC3− anion and one coordinating water molecule (Fig. 1). The Cu—O bond lengths are in the range 1.9435 (19)–1.9800 (19) Å and the Ca—O bond lengths are in the range of 2.280 (2)–2.466 (2) Å (Table 1). All data are comparable to those reported for other related CuII–BTC and CaII–BTC complexes (Chui et al., 1999; Yang et al., 2004) . Each CuII cation is four-coordinated by four oxygen atoms from four different BTC3− anions, forming a nearly square-planar geometry. Each CaII cation is six-coordinated by five carboxylate oxygen atoms from five different BTC3− anions and one terminal water molecule, displaying a distorted octahedron (Fig. 1). The mean deviation of the equatorial plane constructed by atoms O1, O4, O6 and OW1 is 0.06 Å. The H3BTC molecule is fully deprotonated and bridges two CuII ions and five CaII ions in a μ7 coordination mode.
of (3. Supramolecular features
Each CuO4 quadrilateral shares a vertex (O5) with two CaO6 polyhedra to form a trinuclear unit {CuCa2O14} with Ca–O–Cu–O–Ca connectivity (Fig. 2). Such units are cross-linked by the μ7-BTC3− anions to create a three-dimensional framework (Fig. 3). In addition, the terminal water molecule is hydrogen bonded to the carboxylate O atoms (Table 2), forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (100). π-π stacking interactions between (C1–C6) benzene rings [Cg⋯Cg(−x, 1 − y, 2 − z) = 3.357 (2) Å] further stabilize the crystal structure.
4. Synthesis and crystallization
The title compound was synthesized using a similar procedure to that for the synthesis of the analogous compound [CuSr2(BTC)2]·10H2O (Sun et al., 2016). A mixture of H3BTC (210 mg, 1 mmol), CuCl2·6H2O (121 mg, 0.5 mmol) and CaCl2 (110 mg, 1 mmol) in 15 mL of distilled water was stirred for 10 min in air; 0.5 M NaOH was then added dropwise, and then the mixture was turned into a Parr Teflon-lined stainless steel vessel and heated to 443 K for 3 d. Blue block-shaped crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained in 60% yield (based on benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid).
5. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . The hydrogen atoms of the coordinating water molecule were located from a difference-Fourier map, but refined using a riding model with isotropic displacement parameters Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(O). Hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms were positioned geometrically (C—H = 0.93 Å) and refined with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C).
details are summarized in Table 3Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1547715
https://doi.org/10.1107/S205698901700665X/xu5901sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S205698901700665X/xu5901Isup2.hkl
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: SHELXTL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).[Ca2Cu(C9H3O6)2(H2O)2] | Z = 1 |
Mr = 593.96 | F(000) = 299 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 2.091 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 6.664 (3) Å | Cell parameters from 1990 reflections |
b = 8.754 (4) Å | θ = 2.4–27.5° |
c = 8.925 (4) Å | µ = 1.79 mm−1 |
α = 103.065 (4)° | T = 296 K |
β = 110.140 (4)° | Block, blue |
γ = 92.776 (5)° | 0.18 × 0.15 × 0.14 mm |
V = 471.6 (4) Å3 |
Bruker SMART CCD diffractometer | 1635 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1588 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.012 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) | h = −7→7 |
Tmin = 0.721, Tmax = 0.766 | k = −10→4 |
2442 measured reflections | l = −10→10 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.084 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.04 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0501P)2 + 0.6456P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
1635 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
166 parameters | Δρmax = 0.35 e Å−3 |
3 restraints | Δρmin = −0.68 e Å−3 |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Ca1 | 0.13337 (8) | 0.79200 (6) | 0.58531 (6) | 0.01430 (16) | |
Cu1 | 0.5000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.01590 (16) | |
O1 | 0.2949 (3) | 0.6981 (2) | 0.8180 (2) | 0.0206 (4) | |
O2 | 0.3877 (3) | 0.8375 (2) | 1.0782 (2) | 0.0192 (4) | |
O3 | 0.2155 (4) | 0.5598 (2) | 1.4590 (2) | 0.0273 (5) | |
O4 | 0.1993 (3) | 0.2977 (2) | 1.4102 (2) | 0.0190 (4) | |
O5 | 0.2085 (3) | 0.0033 (2) | 0.8405 (2) | 0.0186 (4) | |
O6 | 0.0233 (4) | 0.1170 (2) | 0.6527 (2) | 0.0283 (5) | |
C1 | 0.2707 (4) | 0.5610 (3) | 1.0114 (3) | 0.0126 (5) | |
C2 | 0.2808 (4) | 0.5623 (3) | 1.1690 (3) | 0.0145 (5) | |
H2A | 0.3166 | 0.6577 | 1.2499 | 0.017* | |
C3 | 0.2377 (4) | 0.4211 (3) | 1.2074 (3) | 0.0136 (5) | |
C4 | 0.1929 (4) | 0.2786 (3) | 1.0883 (3) | 0.0142 (5) | |
H4A | 0.1703 | 0.1841 | 1.1148 | 0.017* | |
C5 | 0.1815 (4) | 0.2765 (3) | 0.9288 (3) | 0.0142 (5) | |
C6 | 0.2163 (4) | 0.4182 (3) | 0.8895 (3) | 0.0136 (5) | |
H6A | 0.2034 | 0.4176 | 0.7822 | 0.016* | |
C7 | 0.3178 (4) | 0.7085 (3) | 0.9639 (3) | 0.0139 (5) | |
C8 | 0.2195 (4) | 0.4278 (3) | 1.3728 (3) | 0.0154 (5) | |
C9 | 0.1339 (4) | 0.1255 (3) | 0.7989 (3) | 0.0142 (5) | |
OW1 | 0.4854 (3) | 0.8960 (3) | 0.6111 (3) | 0.0315 (5) | |
HW1A | 0.587 (4) | 0.844 (3) | 0.604 (4) | 0.038* | |
HW1B | 0.544 (5) | 0.9871 (18) | 0.669 (4) | 0.038* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Ca1 | 0.0188 (3) | 0.0142 (3) | 0.0099 (3) | 0.0011 (2) | 0.0048 (2) | 0.0040 (2) |
Cu1 | 0.0204 (3) | 0.0110 (2) | 0.0147 (3) | 0.00010 (17) | 0.00383 (19) | 0.00479 (18) |
O1 | 0.0344 (11) | 0.0158 (9) | 0.0143 (9) | 0.0058 (8) | 0.0090 (8) | 0.0084 (7) |
O2 | 0.0282 (10) | 0.0125 (9) | 0.0145 (9) | −0.0024 (7) | 0.0056 (8) | 0.0035 (7) |
O3 | 0.0480 (13) | 0.0191 (10) | 0.0181 (10) | 0.0061 (9) | 0.0181 (10) | 0.0016 (8) |
O4 | 0.0236 (10) | 0.0189 (10) | 0.0181 (9) | 0.0014 (7) | 0.0094 (8) | 0.0092 (8) |
O5 | 0.0228 (10) | 0.0107 (9) | 0.0180 (9) | 0.0032 (7) | 0.0027 (8) | 0.0030 (7) |
O6 | 0.0452 (13) | 0.0206 (10) | 0.0118 (10) | 0.0027 (9) | 0.0010 (9) | 0.0051 (8) |
C1 | 0.0118 (12) | 0.0128 (12) | 0.0131 (12) | 0.0020 (9) | 0.0033 (10) | 0.0049 (10) |
C2 | 0.0160 (12) | 0.0128 (12) | 0.0141 (12) | 0.0015 (9) | 0.0051 (10) | 0.0032 (10) |
C3 | 0.0148 (12) | 0.0140 (12) | 0.0124 (12) | 0.0025 (9) | 0.0049 (10) | 0.0043 (10) |
C4 | 0.0169 (12) | 0.0119 (12) | 0.0155 (12) | 0.0035 (9) | 0.0057 (10) | 0.0065 (10) |
C5 | 0.0143 (12) | 0.0135 (12) | 0.0131 (12) | 0.0032 (10) | 0.0030 (10) | 0.0033 (10) |
C6 | 0.0159 (12) | 0.0130 (12) | 0.0125 (12) | 0.0044 (10) | 0.0040 (10) | 0.0057 (10) |
C7 | 0.0145 (12) | 0.0135 (12) | 0.0167 (13) | 0.0051 (9) | 0.0063 (10) | 0.0078 (10) |
C8 | 0.0154 (12) | 0.0174 (13) | 0.0130 (12) | 0.0024 (10) | 0.0047 (10) | 0.0036 (10) |
C9 | 0.0177 (12) | 0.0129 (12) | 0.0129 (13) | 0.0017 (10) | 0.0056 (10) | 0.0050 (10) |
OW1 | 0.0262 (11) | 0.0264 (11) | 0.0459 (14) | 0.0047 (9) | 0.0166 (10) | 0.0116 (10) |
Ca1—O1 | 2.338 (2) | O5—Ca1viii | 2.466 (2) |
Ca1—O3i | 2.280 (2) | O6—C9 | 1.241 (3) |
Ca1—O4ii | 2.333 (2) | O6—Ca1iv | 2.357 (2) |
Ca1—O5iii | 2.466 (2) | O6—Ca1viii | 2.954 (2) |
Ca1—O6iv | 2.357 (2) | C1—C2 | 1.382 (4) |
Ca1—OW1 | 2.390 (2) | C1—C6 | 1.395 (4) |
Ca1—Cu1 | 3.6439 (13) | C1—C7 | 1.499 (3) |
Cu1—O2v | 1.9435 (19) | C2—C3 | 1.398 (4) |
Cu1—O2 | 1.9435 (19) | C2—H2A | 0.9300 |
Cu1—O5vi | 1.9800 (19) | C3—C4 | 1.386 (4) |
Cu1—O5iii | 1.9800 (19) | C3—C8 | 1.511 (3) |
Cu1—Ca1v | 3.6439 (13) | C4—C5 | 1.395 (4) |
O1—C7 | 1.239 (3) | C4—H4A | 0.9300 |
O2—C7 | 1.278 (3) | C5—C6 | 1.393 (4) |
O3—C8 | 1.242 (3) | C5—C9 | 1.485 (3) |
O3—Ca1vii | 2.280 (2) | C6—H6A | 0.9300 |
O4—C8 | 1.271 (3) | C8—Ca1ii | 3.141 (3) |
O4—Ca1ii | 2.333 (2) | C9—Ca1viii | 3.104 (3) |
O5—C9 | 1.278 (3) | OW1—HW1A | 0.844 (10) |
O5—Cu1viii | 1.9800 (19) | OW1—HW1B | 0.836 (10) |
O3i—Ca1—O4ii | 99.86 (8) | C7—O2—Cu1 | 110.48 (16) |
O3i—Ca1—O1 | 81.17 (8) | C8—O3—Ca1vii | 168.1 (2) |
O4ii—Ca1—O1 | 87.46 (7) | C8—O4—Ca1ii | 118.28 (16) |
O3i—Ca1—O6iv | 97.47 (8) | C9—O5—Cu1viii | 125.84 (16) |
O4ii—Ca1—O6iv | 93.57 (8) | C9—O5—Ca1viii | 107.73 (15) |
O1—Ca1—O6iv | 178.43 (7) | Cu1viii—O5—Ca1viii | 109.61 (8) |
O3i—Ca1—OW1 | 83.82 (8) | C9—O6—Ca1iv | 157.26 (18) |
O4ii—Ca1—OW1 | 173.99 (8) | C9—O6—Ca1viii | 85.06 (15) |
O1—Ca1—OW1 | 88.42 (8) | Ca1iv—O6—Ca1viii | 114.30 (8) |
O6iv—Ca1—OW1 | 90.64 (8) | C2—C1—C6 | 120.0 (2) |
O3i—Ca1—O5iii | 148.03 (7) | C2—C1—C7 | 122.6 (2) |
O4ii—Ca1—O5iii | 91.33 (7) | C6—C1—C7 | 117.4 (2) |
O1—Ca1—O5iii | 69.43 (7) | C1—C2—C3 | 120.3 (2) |
O6iv—Ca1—O5iii | 111.71 (7) | C1—C2—H2A | 119.8 |
OW1—Ca1—O5iii | 83.12 (7) | C3—C2—H2A | 119.8 |
O3i—Ca1—Cu1 | 118.21 (6) | C4—C3—C2 | 119.6 (2) |
O4ii—Ca1—Cu1 | 110.50 (5) | C4—C3—C8 | 120.9 (2) |
O1—Ca1—Cu1 | 49.46 (5) | C2—C3—C8 | 119.2 (2) |
O6iv—Ca1—Cu1 | 131.04 (6) | C3—C4—C5 | 120.3 (2) |
OW1—Ca1—Cu1 | 63.49 (6) | C3—C4—H4A | 119.9 |
O5iii—Ca1—Cu1 | 30.79 (4) | C5—C4—H4A | 119.9 |
O6iii—Ca1—Cu1 | 73.03 (4) | C6—C5—C4 | 119.8 (2) |
C9iii—Ca1—Cu1 | 50.47 (5) | C6—C5—C9 | 118.8 (2) |
C8ii—Ca1—Cu1 | 106.72 (6) | C4—C5—C9 | 121.4 (2) |
O2v—Cu1—O2 | 180.000 (1) | C5—C6—C1 | 119.9 (2) |
O2v—Cu1—O5vi | 91.13 (8) | C5—C6—H6A | 120.1 |
O2—Cu1—O5vi | 88.87 (8) | C1—C6—H6A | 120.1 |
O2v—Cu1—O5iii | 88.87 (8) | O1—C7—O2 | 123.6 (2) |
O2—Cu1—O5iii | 91.13 (8) | O1—C7—C1 | 118.5 (2) |
O5vi—Cu1—O5iii | 180.000 (1) | O2—C7—C1 | 117.8 (2) |
O2v—Cu1—Ca1v | 87.31 (6) | O3—C8—O4 | 124.8 (2) |
O2—Cu1—Ca1v | 92.69 (6) | O3—C8—C3 | 117.4 (2) |
O5vi—Cu1—Ca1v | 39.61 (5) | O4—C8—C3 | 117.7 (2) |
O5iii—Cu1—Ca1v | 140.39 (5) | O6—C9—O5 | 120.3 (2) |
O2v—Cu1—Ca1 | 92.69 (6) | O6—C9—C5 | 121.0 (2) |
O2—Cu1—Ca1 | 87.31 (6) | O5—C9—C5 | 118.7 (2) |
O5vi—Cu1—Ca1 | 140.39 (5) | Ca1—OW1—HW1A | 127 (2) |
O5iii—Cu1—Ca1 | 39.61 (5) | Ca1—OW1—HW1B | 122 (2) |
Ca1v—Cu1—Ca1 | 180.0 | HW1A—OW1—HW1B | 105.9 (16) |
C7—O1—Ca1 | 146.05 (17) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y, z−1; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z+2; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (v) −x+1, −y+2, −z+2; (vi) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (vii) x, y, z+1; (viii) x, y−1, z. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
OW1—HW1A···O4vi | 0.84 (1) | 1.95 (1) | 2.793 (3) | 173 (3) |
OW1—HW1B···O2v | 0.84 (1) | 2.31 (2) | 3.020 (3) | 143 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (v) −x+1, −y+2, −z+2; (vi) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2. |
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of China (award No. 21271189).
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