The crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-{[(4-imin­iumyl-3-methyl-1,4-di­hydro­pyridin-1-yl)meth­yl]carbamo­yl}benzoate hemihydrate

Chidan Kumar, C.S.; Sim, A.J.; Ng, W.Z.; Chia, T.S.; Loh, W.-S.; Kwong, H.C.; Quah, C.K.; Naveen, S.; Lokanath, N.K.; Warad, I.

doi:10.1107/S2056989017007836

research communications

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC
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ISSN: 2056-9890

Volume 73| Part 7| July 2017| Pages 927-931

https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989017007836

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The crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-{[(4-iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)methyl]carbamoyl}benzoate hemihydrate

C. S. Chidan Kumar,^a Ai Jia Sim,^b Weng Zhun Ng,^b Tze Shyang Chia,^b Wan-Sin Loh,^b Huey Chong Kwong,^c Ching Kheng Quah,^b ^* S. Naveen,^d N. K. Lokanath ^e and Ismail Warad ^f ^*

^aDepartment of Engineering Chemistry, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Alanahally, Mysuru 570 028, India, ^bX-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia, ^cSchool of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia, ^dInstitution of Excellence, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India, ^eDepartment of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India, and ^fDepartment of Chemistry, Science College, An-Najah National University, PO Box 7, Nablus, West Bank, Palestinian Territories
^*Correspondence e-mail: ckquah@usm.my, khalil.i@najah.edu

Edited by J. Simpson, University of Otago, New Zealand (Received 19 May 2017; accepted 26 May 2017; online 2 June 2017)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₁₅H₁₅N₃O₃·0.5H₂O, comprises two 2-{[(4-iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)methyl]carbamoyl}benzoate zwitterions (A and B) and a water molecule. The dihedral angles between the pyridine and phenyl rings in the zwitterions are 53.69 (10) and 73.56 (11)° in A and B, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O, C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π(ring) hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. The crystal structure also features π–π interactions involving the centroids of the pyridine and phenyl rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.5618 (12) Å in A and 3.8182 (14) Å in B].

Keywords: crystal structure; zwitterion; hydrogen bonding; π–π interactions.

CCDC reference: 1552520

1. Chemical context

Zwitterions are high-performance materials that can be used as drug protein stabilizers without affecting the activity of the drug (Keefe & Jiang, 2012 ). Drug protein stabilizers not only maintain the native chemical structure, but the native secondary and higher order structures necessary for biological activity and can increase the stability of the therapeutic protein and enhancs protein–substrate hydrophobic interactions without affecting the activity of the drugs. Zwitterionic polymers grafted from polysulfone (PSF) membranes show improved protein anti-fouling properties, together with good blood compatibility and cytocompatibility in comparison with the pristine PSF membrane (Yue et al., 2013 ). Furthermore, zwitterionic nanocarrier drugs showed excellent biocompatibility and non-fouling properties, and were found to extend blood circulation times in vivo. The study and synthesis of new zwitterions is therefore important in the search for new biomedical applications (Jin et al., 2014 ).

2. Structural commentary

The asymmetric unit of the title compound comprises two crystallographically independent 2-{[(4-iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)methyl]carbamoyl}benzoate zwitterions (molecules A and B) and a cocrystallized water molecule, as shown in Fig. 1. The zwitterions are formed through protonation of the imine substituent on the pyridine ring and deprotonation of the carboxylate substituent on the benzene ring. The bond lengths and angles (Table 1) in the title compound (Fig. 1) are generally within normal ranges. However, the N3—C3 [1.335 (3) Å in both molecules] are shorter than expected for an NH₂—C_ar single bond [1.38 (3) Å], but are similar to those found in related compounds with an N⁺=C double bond (Sharmila et al., 2014 ; Sun et al., 2015 ). The C—O bonds in the carboxylate units [C15A—O3A = 1.247 (3) Å and C15A—O2A = 1.257 (3) Å] in molecule A, with comparable values in molecule B, are similar to values found in other deprotonated carboxylate groups (Hemamalini & Fun, 2010 ).

Table 1
Selected geometric parameters (Å, °)

O1A—C8A	1.220 (3)	O1B—C8B	1.222 (3)
O2A—C15A	1.257 (3)	O2B—C15B	1.244 (3)
O3A—C15A	1.247 (3)	O3B—C15B	1.249 (3)
N1A—C1A	1.346 (3)	N1B—C7B	1.484 (3)
N1A—C7A	1.480 (3)	N1B—C1B	1.341 (3)
N1A—C5A	1.355 (3)	N1B—C5B	1.351 (3)
N2A—C8A	1.353 (3)	N2B—C7B	1.435 (3)
N2A—C7A	1.430 (3)	N2B—C8B	1.349 (3)
N3A—C3A	1.335 (3)	N3B—C3B	1.335 (3)

C1A—N1A—C5A	119.30 (18)	C1B—N1B—C5B	119.32 (18)
C5A—N1A—C7A	119.47 (17)	C1B—N1B—C7B	120.78 (18)
C1A—N1A—C7A	121.19 (17)	C5B—N1B—C7B	119.84 (17)
C7A—N2A—C8A	119.71 (18)	C7B—N2B—C8B	120.11 (19)
N1A—C1A—C2A	121.03 (19)	N1B—C1B—C2B	121.2 (2)
N3A—C3A—C2A	121.5 (2)	N3B—C3B—C2B	122.2 (2)
N3A—C3A—C4A	121.5 (2)	N3B—C3B—C4B	120.95 (19)
N1A—C5A—C4A	123.08 (19)	N1B—C5B—C4B	123.12 (19)
N1A—C7A—N2A	113.36 (16)	N1B—C7B—N2B	113.19 (19)
O1A—C8A—N2A	121.8 (2)	O1B—C8B—C9B	121.33 (19)
N2A—C8A—C9A	116.71 (18)	N2B—C8B—C9B	116.39 (18)
O1A—C8A—C9A	121.54 (18)	O1B—C8B—N2B	122.1 (2)
O3A—C15A—C14A	117.7 (2)	O2B—C15B—C14B	117.17 (17)
O2A—C15A—O3A	126.7 (2)	O2B—C15B—O3B	125.5 (2)
O2A—C15A—C14A	115.5 (2)	O3B—C15B—C14B	117.32 (19)

Figure 1
The molecular structure of the title compound, with the atom labelling and 50% probability displacement ellipsoids.

3. Supramolecular features

In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O, C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 2) into a three-dimensional network. Intermolecular N3A—H1N3⋯O3A, N3A—H2N3⋯O3B, N3B—H3N3⋯O3A and N3B—H4N3⋯O3B hydrogen bonds generate R₄²(8) ring motifs (Fig. 2), while N2A—H2N2⋯O2B and N2B—H1N2⋯O2A hydrogen bonds form dimers with R₂²(14) ring motifs (Fig. 3). Molecule A is connected to molecule B through a C2A—H2AA⋯Cg1 interaction, while molecules of B are linked by C11B—H11B⋯Cg2 interactions (Cg1 and Cg2 are the centroids of the C9B–C14B and N1B/C1B–C5B rings) (Fig. 4). The crystal structure also features π–π interactions [Cg3⋯Cg3(−x, y, −z + $[{1\over 2}]$ ) = 3.5618 (12) Å; Cg1⋯Cg4 = 3.8182 (14) Å, where Cg3 and Cg4 are the centroids of the N1A/C1A–C5A and C9A–C14A rings] (Fig. 5). An overall packing diagram, showing the three-dimensional array of parallel sheet of molecules in the ac plane is shown in Fig. 6.

Table 2
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg1 and Cg2 are the centroids of the C9B–C14B and N1B/C1B–C5B rings, respectively.

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N2A—H2N2⋯O2B	0.88 (2)	2.03 (2)	2.897 (2)	173 (2)
N3A—H2N3⋯O3Bⁱ	0.93 (3)	1.95 (3)	2.864 (3)	168 (2)
N3A—H1N3⋯O3Aⁱⁱ	0.90 (2)	2.01 (3)	2.864 (3)	157 (2)
N2B—H1N2⋯O2A	0.90 (3)	2.12 (3)	3.006 (3)	171 (3)
N3B—H4N3⋯O3Bⁱⁱⁱ	0.89 (2)	2.01 (3)	2.887 (3)	167 (2)
N3B—H3N3⋯O3A^iv	0.95 (3)	2.03 (3)	2.935 (3)	161 (3)
O1W—H1W1⋯O2B	0.87	1.87	2.681 (3)	155
O1W—H2W1⋯O2A^v	0.86	1.81	2.581 (3)	147
C1A—H1AA⋯O1B^vi	0.93	2.53	3.355 (3)	147
C5A—H5AA⋯O1W	0.93	2.27	3.083 (3)	146
C7A—H7AA⋯O1W	0.97	2.47	3.139 (3)	126
C7A—H7AB⋯O1B^vi	0.97	2.40	3.336 (3)	162
C1B—H1BA⋯O1A^v	0.93	2.20	3.053 (3)	152
C2A—H2AA⋯Cg1ⁱ	0.93	2.95	3.831 (2)	158
C11B—H11B⋯Cg2^vii	0.93	2.94	3.721 (3)	142
Symmetry codes: (i) $[x-{\script{1\over 2}}, y+{\script{1\over 2}}, z]$ ; (ii) $[x-{\script{1\over 2}}, y-{\script{1\over 2}}, z]$ ; (iii) $[x, -y, z-{\script{1\over 2}}]$ ; (iv) $[x, -y+1, z-{\script{1\over 2}}]$ ; (v) $[-x+{\script{1\over 2}}, y-{\script{1\over 2}}, -z+{\script{1\over 2}}]$ ; (vi) $[-x+{\script{1\over 2}}, y+{\script{1\over 2}}, -z+{\script{1\over 2}}]$ ; (vii) $[-x+1, y, -z+{\script{1\over 2}}]$ .

Figure 2
A partial packing diagram, with an R₄²(8) ring motif generated by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (dotted lines).

Figure 3
A dimer with an R₂²(14) ring motif generated by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (dotted lines).

Figure 4
A partial packing diagram of the title compound, with C—H⋯π interactions (dotted lines).

Figure 5
The molecular packing in the title compound with two kinds of π–π interactions (dotted lines).

Figure 6
The overall packing of the title compound, viewed along the b-axis direction, showing parallel sheets in the ac plane linked into a three-dimensional network along b.

4. Database survey

Eight structures containing carbamoylbenzoates were found in a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 3.57; Groom et al., 2016 ): N-[2-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl]phthalamic acid tetrahydrate (Elz et al., 1983 ), 2-(phenylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (Smith et al., 1983 ), N-(4-chlorophenyl)phthalamic acid (Mornon, 1970 ), 2-(pyridin-4-ylcarbamoyl)benzoate 4-aminopyridinium monohydrate (Zhu et al., 2010 ), phthalimide–phthalamate monohydrate (Barrett et al., 1998 ), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-aminium (R)-2-[(1-phenylethyl)carbamoyl]benzoate (Caille et al., 2009 ), bis(trimethylammonium) 7-[2-(carboxylato)benzamidoethyl]-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborate(10) (Batsanov et al., 2001 ) and (R)-1-phenylethanaminium 2-{[(2R,3R)-2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]carbamoyl}benzoate (Ramarao et al., 2012 ).

A search for iminopyridine derivatives using 4-(λ⁴-azanylidene)-4H-1λ²-pyridine as the skeleton gave 15 hits, although none of these were zwitterionic derivatives comparable to the title compound. Of these, only three had aromatic rings in the cation in addition to the iminopoyridine unit (Sharmila et al., 2014; Pei et al., 2013 )

5. Synthesis and crystallization

The title compound was obtained unexpectedly from the reaction of 0.01 mol of N-(bromomethyl)phthalimide and 0.01 mol of 4-amino-3-methylpyridine in 10 ml of dimethylformamide with a catalytic amount of potassium carbonate. The mixture was stirred in a 50 ml round-bottomed flask at room temperature for about 3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin-layer chromatography and the mixture was poured into cold water once the reaction was complete. The resulting precipitate was filtered off, washed successively with distilled water, and recrystallized from acetone solution by slow evaporation to obtain colourless block-shaped single crystals.

6. Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3. The N- and O- bound H atoms were located from difference Fourier maps and the former were refined freely [N—H = 0.88 (2)–0.95 (3) Å], whereas for the latter, the distances from atom O1W were fixed at 0.86 Å, the H⋯H distance was fixed at 1.34 Å and the H atoms were refined with a riding model [U_iso(H) = 1.5U_eq(O), and O—H = 0.864 and 0.865 Å]. The C-bound H atoms were positioned geometrically using a riding model, with U_iso(H) = 1.2 or 1.5U_eq(C) (C—H = 0.93, 0.96 and 0.97 Å). A rotating-group model was applied to the methyl groups.

Table 3
Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula	C₁₅H₁₅N₃O₃·0.5H₂O
M_r	294.31
Crystal system, space group	Monoclinic, C2/c
Temperature (K)	294
a, b, c (Å)	21.3157 (18), 11.9883 (8), 22.8642 (15)
β (°)	103.729 (2)
V (Å³)	5675.8 (7)
Z	16
Radiation type	Mo Kα
μ (mm⁻¹)	0.10
Crystal size (mm)	0.28 × 0.26 × 0.13

Data collection
Diffractometer	Bruker APEXII DUO CCD area-detector
Absorption correction	Multi-scan (SADABS, 2012 )
T_min, T_max	0.962, 0.996
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections	65196, 5430, 3849
R_int	0.052
(sin θ/λ)_max (Å⁻¹)	0.613

Refinement
R[F² > 2σ(F²)], wR(F²), S	0.047, 0.136, 1.04
No. of reflections	5430
No. of parameters	414
H-atom treatment	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρ_max, Δρ_min (e Å⁻³)	0.48, −0.29
Computer programs: APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2012), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ), SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2015 ), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006 ) and PLATON (Spek, 2009 ).

Supporting information

CCDC reference: 1552520

Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989017007836/sj5531sup1.cif

Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989017007836/sj5531Isup2.hkl

checkCIF report

Computing details top

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2012); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2012); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2012); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2015) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2015) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

2-{[(4-Iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)methyl]carbamoyl}benzoate hemihydrate top

Crystal data top

C₁₅H₁₅N₃O₃·0.5H₂O	F(000) = 2480
M_r = 294.31	D_x = 1.378 Mg m⁻³
Monoclinic, C2/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -C 2yc	Cell parameters from 8600 reflections
a = 21.3157 (18) Å	θ = 2.4–21.2°
b = 11.9883 (8) Å	µ = 0.10 mm⁻¹
c = 22.8642 (15) Å	T = 294 K
β = 103.729 (2)°	Block, colourless
V = 5675.8 (7) Å³	0.28 × 0.26 × 0.13 mm
Z = 16

Data collection top

Bruker APEXII DUO CCD area-detector diffractometer	5430 independent reflections
Radiation source: Rotating Anode	3849 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	R_int = 0.052
Detector resolution: 18.4 pixels mm^-1	θ_max = 25.8°, θ_min = 1.8°
φ and ω scans	h = −25→25
Absorption correction: multi-scan SADABS 2014/5	k = −14→14
T_min = 0.962, T_max = 0.996	l = −27→27
65196 measured reflections

Refinement top

Refinement on F²	0 restraints
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: mixed
R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.047	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F²) = 0.136	W = 1/[Σ²(FO²) + (0.0647P)² + 3.8981P] where P = (FO² + 2FC²)/3
S = 1.04	(Δ/σ)_max < 0.001
5430 reflections	Δρ_max = 0.48 e Å⁻³
414 parameters	Δρ_min = −0.29 e Å⁻³

Special details top

Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles

Refinement. Refinement on F² for ALL reflections except those flagged by the user for potential systematic errors. Weighted R-factors wR and all goodnesses of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The observed criterion of F² > 2sigma(F²) is used only for calculating -R-factor-obs etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	x	y	z	U_iso*/U_eq
O1A	0.22583 (8)	0.40107 (12)	0.40032 (7)	0.0547 (5)
O2A	0.34333 (10)	0.40853 (15)	0.33565 (7)	0.0715 (7)
O3A	0.38535 (9)	0.53318 (14)	0.40709 (8)	0.0686 (7)
N1A	0.11034 (8)	0.25855 (14)	0.31440 (7)	0.0374 (5)
N2A	0.22652 (8)	0.23844 (15)	0.35155 (8)	0.0410 (6)
N3A	−0.06918 (9)	0.2157 (2)	0.34758 (9)	0.0475 (7)
C1A	0.07352 (10)	0.34764 (17)	0.31936 (9)	0.0411 (7)
C2A	0.01405 (10)	0.33503 (17)	0.32906 (9)	0.0409 (7)
C3A	−0.01122 (10)	0.22851 (17)	0.33576 (8)	0.0379 (6)
C4A	0.02754 (10)	0.13531 (17)	0.32905 (9)	0.0414 (7)
C5A	0.08670 (10)	0.15470 (17)	0.31853 (9)	0.0422 (7)
C6A	0.00423 (13)	0.01857 (19)	0.33375 (14)	0.0650 (10)
C7A	0.17511 (10)	0.27198 (19)	0.30229 (9)	0.0433 (7)
C8A	0.25260 (10)	0.31309 (17)	0.39486 (9)	0.0395 (7)
C9A	0.31568 (10)	0.28213 (16)	0.43608 (9)	0.0384 (6)
C10A	0.32083 (12)	0.19564 (18)	0.47694 (10)	0.0488 (8)
C11A	0.37896 (13)	0.1736 (2)	0.51714 (10)	0.0577 (9)
C12A	0.43176 (13)	0.2375 (2)	0.51666 (10)	0.0598 (9)
C13A	0.42725 (11)	0.3252 (2)	0.47687 (10)	0.0521 (8)
C14A	0.36955 (10)	0.34807 (18)	0.43589 (9)	0.0414 (7)
C15A	0.36504 (11)	0.43856 (19)	0.38932 (11)	0.0494 (8)
O1B	0.33946 (9)	0.04329 (13)	0.23061 (7)	0.0606 (6)
O2B	0.29329 (7)	0.02903 (12)	0.34775 (7)	0.0534 (6)
O3B	0.35853 (8)	−0.10987 (13)	0.38676 (8)	0.0601 (6)
N1B	0.29345 (8)	0.24185 (14)	0.13343 (8)	0.0420 (6)
N2B	0.32218 (9)	0.22607 (16)	0.24284 (8)	0.0446 (6)
N3B	0.35284 (10)	0.27772 (19)	−0.02411 (9)	0.0498 (7)
C1B	0.29850 (10)	0.15205 (18)	0.09987 (10)	0.0450 (7)
C2B	0.31782 (10)	0.16157 (17)	0.04763 (10)	0.0443 (7)
C3B	0.33333 (9)	0.26616 (17)	0.02691 (9)	0.0391 (6)
C4B	0.32668 (10)	0.36049 (16)	0.06271 (9)	0.0401 (7)
C5B	0.30681 (10)	0.34382 (17)	0.11433 (9)	0.0424 (7)
C6B	0.33867 (14)	0.47561 (19)	0.04276 (11)	0.0590 (9)
C7B	0.27054 (11)	0.2309 (2)	0.18961 (10)	0.0491 (8)
C8B	0.35212 (10)	0.12839 (17)	0.26047 (9)	0.0410 (7)
C9B	0.40518 (10)	0.13125 (17)	0.31648 (9)	0.0399 (6)
C10B	0.45840 (12)	0.1987 (2)	0.31831 (12)	0.0596 (9)
C11B	0.51180 (13)	0.1928 (3)	0.36621 (14)	0.0736 (11)
C12B	0.51240 (12)	0.1204 (2)	0.41257 (13)	0.0659 (10)
C13B	0.45962 (11)	0.0541 (2)	0.41153 (10)	0.0515 (8)
C14B	0.40539 (9)	0.05834 (16)	0.36407 (9)	0.0371 (6)
C15B	0.34765 (10)	−0.01351 (16)	0.36602 (9)	0.0386 (7)
O1W	0.18224 (9)	0.0223 (2)	0.26300 (9)	0.0921 (9)
H2N2	0.2484 (10)	0.1778 (19)	0.3480 (9)	0.036 (6)*
H2N3	−0.0890 (14)	0.279 (2)	0.3580 (12)	0.074 (9)*
H1N3	−0.0822 (13)	0.148 (2)	0.3573 (12)	0.071 (8)*
H1AA	0.08940	0.41900	0.31600	0.0490*
H2AA	−0.01080	0.39790	0.33140	0.0490*
H5AA	0.11220	0.09380	0.31390	0.0510*
H6AA	−0.03720	0.00910	0.30630	0.0980*
H6AB	0.00040	0.00490	0.37410	0.0980*
H6AC	0.03450	−0.03310	0.32380	0.0980*
H7AA	0.17720	0.22820	0.26710	0.0520*
H10A	0.28490	0.15200	0.47740	0.0590*
H7AB	0.18120	0.34960	0.29310	0.0520*
H11A	0.38210	0.11520	0.54450	0.0690*
H12A	0.47100	0.22190	0.54330	0.0720*
H13A	0.46330	0.36940	0.47750	0.0630*
H10B	0.45820	0.24840	0.28700	0.0720*
H11B	0.54740	0.23820	0.36690	0.0880*
H1N2	0.3306 (14)	0.285 (3)	0.2678 (14)	0.086 (10)*
H12B	0.54850	0.11610	0.44470	0.0790*
H4N3	0.3539 (12)	0.218 (2)	−0.0473 (12)	0.061 (7)*
H13B	0.46030	0.00530	0.44330	0.0620*
H3N3	0.3629 (13)	0.348 (3)	−0.0382 (12)	0.077 (9)*
H1BA	0.28860	0.08200	0.11260	0.0540*
H2BA	0.32090	0.09800	0.02520	0.0530*
H5BA	0.30220	0.40550	0.13760	0.0510*
H6BA	0.31080	0.48980	0.00390	0.0890*
H6BB	0.38290	0.48200	0.04030	0.0890*
H6BC	0.33010	0.52890	0.07120	0.0890*
H7BA	0.24300	0.29390	0.19280	0.0590*
H7BB	0.24470	0.16370	0.18730	0.0590*
H1W1	0.22220	0.01410	0.28200	0.1380*
H2W1	0.17600	−0.03640	0.24040	0.1380*

Atomic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	U¹¹	U²²	U³³	U¹²	U¹³	U²³
O1A	0.0601 (10)	0.0382 (8)	0.0649 (10)	0.0109 (7)	0.0128 (8)	−0.0017 (7)
O2A	0.0976 (14)	0.0641 (11)	0.0488 (10)	−0.0138 (10)	0.0096 (9)	0.0080 (8)
O3A	0.0942 (14)	0.0495 (10)	0.0758 (12)	−0.0161 (9)	0.0477 (10)	−0.0041 (9)
N1A	0.0341 (9)	0.0401 (9)	0.0390 (9)	−0.0023 (7)	0.0105 (7)	0.0026 (7)
N2A	0.0343 (9)	0.0373 (10)	0.0516 (11)	0.0018 (8)	0.0104 (8)	−0.0016 (8)
N3A	0.0398 (11)	0.0490 (12)	0.0581 (12)	0.0002 (9)	0.0204 (9)	0.0038 (10)
C1A	0.0438 (12)	0.0375 (11)	0.0418 (11)	−0.0019 (9)	0.0099 (9)	0.0025 (9)
C2A	0.0434 (12)	0.0381 (11)	0.0424 (11)	0.0060 (9)	0.0127 (9)	0.0021 (9)
C3A	0.0367 (11)	0.0444 (11)	0.0323 (10)	−0.0001 (9)	0.0074 (8)	0.0020 (8)
C4A	0.0411 (12)	0.0400 (11)	0.0452 (12)	−0.0026 (9)	0.0143 (9)	−0.0010 (9)
C5A	0.0411 (12)	0.0389 (11)	0.0480 (12)	0.0040 (9)	0.0133 (9)	−0.0003 (9)
C6A	0.0618 (16)	0.0428 (13)	0.100 (2)	−0.0044 (12)	0.0381 (15)	0.0023 (13)
C7A	0.0366 (11)	0.0497 (12)	0.0452 (12)	−0.0024 (9)	0.0129 (9)	0.0045 (9)
C8A	0.0425 (12)	0.0339 (11)	0.0455 (11)	−0.0015 (9)	0.0171 (9)	0.0052 (9)
C9A	0.0413 (11)	0.0391 (11)	0.0365 (10)	0.0014 (9)	0.0127 (9)	−0.0008 (8)
C10A	0.0564 (14)	0.0443 (12)	0.0490 (13)	0.0002 (10)	0.0192 (11)	0.0044 (10)
C11A	0.0724 (17)	0.0582 (15)	0.0419 (12)	0.0077 (13)	0.0126 (12)	0.0107 (11)
C12A	0.0611 (16)	0.0770 (17)	0.0366 (12)	0.0135 (14)	0.0022 (11)	−0.0013 (12)
C13A	0.0444 (13)	0.0623 (15)	0.0491 (13)	−0.0056 (11)	0.0099 (10)	−0.0072 (11)
C14A	0.0432 (12)	0.0459 (12)	0.0370 (11)	0.0001 (9)	0.0134 (9)	−0.0022 (9)
C15A	0.0519 (14)	0.0446 (13)	0.0573 (14)	−0.0082 (10)	0.0242 (11)	−0.0001 (11)
O1B	0.0794 (12)	0.0455 (9)	0.0485 (9)	0.0102 (8)	−0.0015 (8)	−0.0085 (7)
O2B	0.0394 (9)	0.0426 (9)	0.0765 (11)	0.0006 (7)	0.0102 (8)	0.0035 (8)
O3B	0.0658 (11)	0.0423 (9)	0.0775 (11)	0.0070 (8)	0.0277 (9)	0.0203 (8)
N1B	0.0431 (10)	0.0390 (10)	0.0444 (10)	0.0052 (8)	0.0116 (8)	0.0069 (8)
N2B	0.0538 (11)	0.0369 (10)	0.0439 (10)	0.0061 (8)	0.0133 (9)	0.0066 (8)
N3B	0.0584 (12)	0.0475 (12)	0.0461 (11)	0.0049 (10)	0.0176 (9)	−0.0073 (10)
C1B	0.0418 (12)	0.0378 (12)	0.0522 (13)	0.0000 (9)	0.0046 (10)	0.0054 (10)
C2B	0.0418 (12)	0.0376 (11)	0.0492 (12)	0.0057 (9)	0.0025 (10)	−0.0055 (9)
C3B	0.0315 (10)	0.0432 (11)	0.0405 (11)	0.0067 (9)	0.0044 (9)	−0.0004 (9)
C4B	0.0432 (12)	0.0358 (11)	0.0412 (11)	0.0028 (9)	0.0100 (9)	0.0011 (9)
C5B	0.0483 (12)	0.0362 (11)	0.0433 (11)	0.0045 (9)	0.0120 (9)	0.0030 (9)
C6B	0.0861 (18)	0.0434 (13)	0.0516 (14)	−0.0042 (12)	0.0246 (13)	−0.0004 (10)
C7B	0.0484 (13)	0.0529 (13)	0.0495 (13)	0.0062 (10)	0.0189 (11)	0.0153 (10)
C8B	0.0494 (12)	0.0362 (11)	0.0401 (11)	0.0022 (9)	0.0161 (9)	0.0025 (9)
C9B	0.0391 (11)	0.0382 (11)	0.0443 (11)	0.0002 (9)	0.0140 (9)	−0.0035 (9)
C10B	0.0575 (15)	0.0606 (15)	0.0652 (16)	−0.0133 (12)	0.0235 (13)	0.0054 (12)
C11B	0.0470 (15)	0.080 (2)	0.091 (2)	−0.0225 (14)	0.0111 (14)	−0.0056 (16)
C12B	0.0423 (14)	0.0819 (19)	0.0674 (17)	−0.0056 (13)	0.0008 (12)	−0.0084 (15)
C13B	0.0473 (13)	0.0583 (14)	0.0463 (12)	0.0031 (11)	0.0062 (10)	−0.0013 (11)
C14B	0.0378 (11)	0.0362 (10)	0.0379 (11)	0.0035 (9)	0.0105 (9)	−0.0040 (8)
C15B	0.0435 (12)	0.0343 (11)	0.0396 (11)	0.0032 (9)	0.0131 (9)	0.0008 (9)
O1W	0.0648 (12)	0.1316 (19)	0.0752 (13)	0.0212 (12)	0.0074 (10)	−0.0386 (12)

Geometric parameters (Å, º) top

O1A—C8A	1.220 (3)	C14A—C15A	1.507 (3)
O2A—C15A	1.257 (3)	C1A—H1AA	0.9300
O3A—C15A	1.247 (3)	C2A—H2AA	0.9300
O1W—H1W1	0.8700	C5A—H5AA	0.9300
O1W—H2W1	0.8600	C6A—H6AB	0.9600
N1A—C1A	1.346 (3)	C6A—H6AA	0.9600
N1A—C7A	1.480 (3)	C6A—H6AC	0.9600
N1A—C5A	1.355 (3)	C7A—H7AB	0.9700
N2A—C8A	1.353 (3)	C7A—H7AA	0.9700
N2A—C7A	1.430 (3)	C10A—H10A	0.9300
N3A—C3A	1.335 (3)	C11A—H11A	0.9300
N2A—H2N2	0.88 (2)	C12A—H12A	0.9300
N3A—H1N3	0.90 (2)	C13A—H13A	0.9300
N3A—H2N3	0.93 (3)	C1B—C2B	1.358 (3)
O1B—C8B	1.222 (3)	C2B—C3B	1.407 (3)
O2B—C15B	1.244 (3)	C3B—C4B	1.423 (3)
O3B—C15B	1.249 (3)	C4B—C6B	1.494 (3)
N1B—C7B	1.484 (3)	C4B—C5B	1.360 (3)
N1B—C1B	1.341 (3)	C8B—C9B	1.494 (3)
N1B—C5B	1.351 (3)	C9B—C10B	1.386 (3)
N2B—C7B	1.435 (3)	C9B—C14B	1.395 (3)
N2B—C8B	1.349 (3)	C10B—C11B	1.381 (4)
N3B—C3B	1.335 (3)	C11B—C12B	1.368 (4)
N2B—H1N2	0.90 (3)	C12B—C13B	1.373 (4)
N3B—H3N3	0.95 (3)	C13B—C14B	1.386 (3)
N3B—H4N3	0.89 (2)	C14B—C15B	1.512 (3)
C1A—C2A	1.346 (3)	C1B—H1BA	0.9300
C2A—C3A	1.408 (3)	C2B—H2BA	0.9300
C3A—C4A	1.419 (3)	C5B—H5BA	0.9300
C4A—C6A	1.498 (3)	C6B—H6BB	0.9600
C4A—C5A	1.359 (3)	C6B—H6BA	0.9600
C8A—C9A	1.494 (3)	C6B—H6BC	0.9600
C9A—C10A	1.383 (3)	C7B—H7BB	0.9700
C9A—C14A	1.395 (3)	C7B—H7BA	0.9700
C10A—C11A	1.382 (4)	C10B—H10B	0.9300
C11A—C12A	1.364 (4)	C11B—H11B	0.9300
C12A—C13A	1.379 (3)	C12B—H12B	0.9300
C13A—C14A	1.385 (3)	C13B—H13B	0.9300

H1W1—O1W—H2W1	102.00	C12A—C11A—H11A	120.00
C1A—N1A—C5A	119.30 (18)	C13A—C12A—H12A	120.00
C5A—N1A—C7A	119.47 (17)	C11A—C12A—H12A	120.00
C1A—N1A—C7A	121.19 (17)	C14A—C13A—H13A	120.00
C7A—N2A—C8A	119.71 (18)	C12A—C13A—H13A	120.00
C7A—N2A—H2N2	119.0 (13)	C1B—N1B—C5B	119.32 (18)
C8A—N2A—H2N2	118.7 (14)	C1B—N1B—C7B	120.78 (18)
C3A—N3A—H2N3	117.3 (18)	C5B—N1B—C7B	119.84 (17)
H2N3—N3A—H1N3	119 (2)	C7B—N2B—C8B	120.11 (19)
C3A—N3A—H1N3	120.5 (18)	N1B—C1B—C2B	121.2 (2)
C8B—N2B—H1N2	119 (2)	C1B—C2B—C3B	121.04 (19)
C7B—N2B—H1N2	120 (2)	N3B—C3B—C2B	122.2 (2)
C3B—N3B—H3N3	122.2 (18)	N3B—C3B—C4B	120.95 (19)
C3B—N3B—H4N3	119.5 (17)	C2B—C3B—C4B	116.82 (18)
H4N3—N3B—H3N3	118 (2)	C3B—C4B—C5B	118.46 (18)
N1A—C1A—C2A	121.03 (19)	C3B—C4B—C6B	120.72 (19)
C1A—C2A—C3A	121.3 (2)	C5B—C4B—C6B	120.77 (19)
C2A—C3A—C4A	117.04 (19)	N1B—C5B—C4B	123.12 (19)
N3A—C3A—C2A	121.5 (2)	N1B—C7B—N2B	113.19 (19)
N3A—C3A—C4A	121.5 (2)	O1B—C8B—C9B	121.33 (19)
C3A—C4A—C6A	121.1 (2)	N2B—C8B—C9B	116.39 (18)
C3A—C4A—C5A	118.23 (19)	O1B—C8B—N2B	122.1 (2)
C5A—C4A—C6A	120.7 (2)	C10B—C9B—C14B	119.4 (2)
N1A—C5A—C4A	123.08 (19)	C8B—C9B—C10B	119.14 (19)
N1A—C7A—N2A	113.36 (16)	C8B—C9B—C14B	121.05 (19)
O1A—C8A—N2A	121.8 (2)	C9B—C10B—C11B	120.6 (2)
N2A—C8A—C9A	116.71 (18)	C10B—C11B—C12B	120.1 (3)
O1A—C8A—C9A	121.54 (18)	C11B—C12B—C13B	119.8 (3)
C8A—C9A—C14A	118.39 (18)	C12B—C13B—C14B	121.3 (2)
C10A—C9A—C14A	119.6 (2)	C9B—C14B—C13B	118.78 (19)
C8A—C9A—C10A	121.9 (2)	C9B—C14B—C15B	121.88 (18)
C9A—C10A—C11A	120.5 (2)	C13B—C14B—C15B	119.32 (18)
C10A—C11A—C12A	119.9 (2)	O2B—C15B—C14B	117.17 (17)
C11A—C12A—C13A	120.4 (2)	O2B—C15B—O3B	125.5 (2)
C12A—C13A—C14A	120.6 (2)	O3B—C15B—C14B	117.32 (19)
C9A—C14A—C15A	119.71 (19)	C2B—C1B—H1BA	119.00
C13A—C14A—C15A	121.2 (2)	N1B—C1B—H1BA	119.00
C9A—C14A—C13A	119.0 (2)	C1B—C2B—H2BA	119.00
O3A—C15A—C14A	117.7 (2)	C3B—C2B—H2BA	119.00
O2A—C15A—O3A	126.7 (2)	C4B—C5B—H5BA	118.00
O2A—C15A—C14A	115.5 (2)	N1B—C5B—H5BA	118.00
C2A—C1A—H1AA	119.00	C4B—C6B—H6BA	109.00
N1A—C1A—H1AA	119.00	C4B—C6B—H6BC	110.00
C3A—C2A—H2AA	119.00	H6BA—C6B—H6BB	109.00
C1A—C2A—H2AA	119.00	C4B—C6B—H6BB	109.00
N1A—C5A—H5AA	118.00	H6BB—C6B—H6BC	110.00
C4A—C5A—H5AA	119.00	H6BA—C6B—H6BC	110.00
C4A—C6A—H6AC	109.00	N1B—C7B—H7BB	109.00
H6AA—C6A—H6AB	109.00	N2B—C7B—H7BA	109.00
C4A—C6A—H6AB	110.00	N1B—C7B—H7BA	109.00
C4A—C6A—H6AA	109.00	H7BA—C7B—H7BB	108.00
H6AA—C6A—H6AC	110.00	N2B—C7B—H7BB	109.00
H6AB—C6A—H6AC	109.00	C9B—C10B—H10B	120.00
H7AA—C7A—H7AB	108.00	C11B—C10B—H10B	120.00
N2A—C7A—H7AB	109.00	C12B—C11B—H11B	120.00
N2A—C7A—H7AA	109.00	C10B—C11B—H11B	120.00
N1A—C7A—H7AA	109.00	C11B—C12B—H12B	120.00
N1A—C7A—H7AB	109.00	C13B—C12B—H12B	120.00
C11A—C10A—H10A	120.00	C12B—C13B—H13B	119.00
C9A—C10A—H10A	120.00	C14B—C13B—H13B	119.00
C10A—C11A—H11A	120.00

C5A—N1A—C1A—C2A	0.8 (3)	C9A—C10A—C11A—C12A	0.0 (4)
C7A—N1A—C1A—C2A	178.52 (18)	C10A—C11A—C12A—C13A	1.0 (4)
C1A—N1A—C5A—C4A	−1.7 (3)	C11A—C12A—C13A—C14A	−1.6 (4)
C7A—N1A—C5A—C4A	−179.45 (18)	C12A—C13A—C14A—C15A	−175.7 (2)
C1A—N1A—C7A—N2A	112.8 (2)	C12A—C13A—C14A—C9A	1.0 (3)
C5A—N1A—C7A—N2A	−69.5 (2)	C9A—C14A—C15A—O2A	−51.8 (3)
C8A—N2A—C7A—N1A	−88.4 (2)	C13A—C14A—C15A—O3A	−52.1 (3)
C7A—N2A—C8A—O1A	15.1 (3)	C9A—C14A—C15A—O3A	131.2 (2)
C7A—N2A—C8A—C9A	−165.31 (18)	C13A—C14A—C15A—O2A	125.0 (2)
C7B—N1B—C5B—C4B	−178.6 (2)	N1B—C1B—C2B—C3B	0.1 (3)
C1B—N1B—C7B—N2B	97.4 (2)	C1B—C2B—C3B—N3B	179.6 (2)
C5B—N1B—C7B—N2B	−85.4 (2)	C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B	−1.0 (3)
C5B—N1B—C1B—C2B	1.1 (3)	N3B—C3B—C4B—C5B	−179.8 (2)
C7B—N1B—C1B—C2B	178.3 (2)	N3B—C3B—C4B—C6B	2.6 (3)
C1B—N1B—C5B—C4B	−1.4 (3)	C2B—C3B—C4B—C5B	0.8 (3)
C8B—N2B—C7B—N1B	−83.4 (2)	C2B—C3B—C4B—C6B	−176.8 (2)
C7B—N2B—C8B—O1B	4.4 (3)	C3B—C4B—C5B—N1B	0.4 (3)
C7B—N2B—C8B—C9B	−179.84 (19)	C6B—C4B—C5B—N1B	178.0 (2)
N1A—C1A—C2A—C3A	1.5 (3)	O1B—C8B—C9B—C10B	115.5 (3)
C1A—C2A—C3A—N3A	177.5 (2)	O1B—C8B—C9B—C14B	−57.2 (3)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A	−2.8 (3)	N2B—C8B—C9B—C10B	−60.3 (3)
N3A—C3A—C4A—C5A	−178.40 (19)	N2B—C8B—C9B—C14B	127.0 (2)
C2A—C3A—C4A—C6A	−178.4 (2)	C8B—C9B—C10B—C11B	−171.8 (2)
C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A	2.0 (3)	C14B—C9B—C10B—C11B	1.1 (4)
N3A—C3A—C4A—C6A	1.3 (3)	C8B—C9B—C14B—C13B	171.6 (2)
C6A—C4A—C5A—N1A	−179.4 (2)	C8B—C9B—C14B—C15B	−10.1 (3)
C3A—C4A—C5A—N1A	0.3 (3)	C10B—C9B—C14B—C13B	−1.2 (3)
O1A—C8A—C9A—C10A	111.7 (2)	C10B—C9B—C14B—C15B	177.2 (2)
N2A—C8A—C9A—C14A	116.8 (2)	C9B—C10B—C11B—C12B	−0.4 (4)
O1A—C8A—C9A—C14A	−63.6 (3)	C10B—C11B—C12B—C13B	−0.4 (4)
N2A—C8A—C9A—C10A	−67.9 (3)	C11B—C12B—C13B—C14B	0.4 (4)
C14A—C9A—C10A—C11A	−0.5 (3)	C12B—C13B—C14B—C9B	0.4 (3)
C8A—C9A—C14A—C13A	175.42 (19)	C12B—C13B—C14B—C15B	−178.0 (2)
C8A—C9A—C14A—C15A	−7.8 (3)	C9B—C14B—C15B—O2B	−38.6 (3)
C10A—C9A—C14A—C13A	0.0 (3)	C9B—C14B—C15B—O3B	142.6 (2)
C10A—C9A—C14A—C15A	176.8 (2)	C13B—C14B—C15B—O2B	139.7 (2)
C8A—C9A—C10A—C11A	−175.8 (2)	C13B—C14B—C15B—O3B	−39.1 (3)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top

Cg1 and Cg2 are the centroids of the C9B–C14B and N1B/C1B–C5B rings, respectively.

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N2A—H2N2···O2B	0.88 (2)	2.03 (2)	2.897 (2)	173 (2)
N3A—H2N3···O3Bⁱ	0.93 (3)	1.95 (3)	2.864 (3)	168 (2)
N3A—H1N3···O3Aⁱⁱ	0.90 (2)	2.01 (3)	2.864 (3)	157 (2)
N2B—H1N2···O2A	0.90 (3)	2.12 (3)	3.006 (3)	171 (3)
N3B—H4N3···O3Bⁱⁱⁱ	0.89 (2)	2.01 (3)	2.887 (3)	167 (2)
N3B—H3N3···O3A^iv	0.95 (3)	2.03 (3)	2.935 (3)	161 (3)
O1W—H1W1···O2B	0.87	1.87	2.681 (3)	155
O1W—H2W1···O2A^v	0.86	1.81	2.581 (3)	147
C1A—H1AA···O1B^vi	0.93	2.53	3.355 (3)	147
C5A—H5AA···O1W	0.93	2.27	3.083 (3)	146
C7A—H7AA···O1W	0.97	2.47	3.139 (3)	126
C7A—H7AB···O1B^vi	0.97	2.40	3.336 (3)	162
C1B—H1BA···O1A^v	0.93	2.20	3.053 (3)	152
C2A—H2AA···Cg1ⁱ	0.93	2.95	3.831 (2)	158
C11B—H11B···Cg2^vii	0.93	2.94	3.721 (3)	142

Symmetry codes: (i) x−1/2, y+1/2, z; (ii) x−1/2, y−1/2, z; (iii) x, −y, z−1/2; (iv) x, −y+1, z−1/2; (v) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (vi) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (vii) −x+1, y, −z+1/2.

Acknowledgements

AJS and HCK thank the Malaysian Government for MyBrain15 scholarships. CSCK extends his appreciation to Vidya Vikas Research & Development Centre for facilities and encouragement.

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Volume 73| Part 7| July 2017| Pages 927-931

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research communications\(\def\hfill{\hskip 5em}\def\hfil{\hskip 3em}\def\eqno#1{\hfil {#1}}\)

The crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-{[(4-imin­iumyl-3-methyl-1,4-di­hydro­pyridin-1-yl)meth­yl]carbamo­yl}benzoate hemihydrate

1. Chemical context

2. Structural commentary

3. Supra­molecular features

4. Database survey

5. Synthesis and crystallization

6. Refinement

Supporting information

Acknowledgements

References

research communications

The crystal structure of zwitterionic 2-{[(4-iminiumyl-3-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)methyl]carbamoyl}benzoate hemihydrate

3. Supramolecular features