research communications
hydrogen bonding and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidinium 4-chlorobenzoate
aDepartment of Chemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Thanthonimalai, Karur 639 005, Tamil Nadu, India, and bDepartment of Chemistry, Government Arts College, Tiruchirappalli 620 022, Tamil Nadu, India
*Correspondence e-mail: manavaibala@gmail.com
In the 6H10N3O+·C7H4ClO2−, the dihedral angle between the pyrimidine ring of the 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidine cation and the the benzene ring of the 2-chlorobenzoate anion is 2.2 (1)°. In the anion, the benzene ring forms a dihedral angle of 8.5 (2)° with the carboxyl group. The pyrimidine N atom of the cation is protonated and the methoxy substituent is essentially coplanar with the parent ring. The protonated N atom and the N atom of the 2-amino group are hydrogen bonded to the 4-chlorobenzoate anion through a pair of N—H⋯Ocarboxyl hydrogen bonds, forming an R22(8) ring motif linked through a centrosymmetric R24(8) ring motif, resulting in a pseudotetrameric DDAA array. These units are linked through intermolecular methoxy C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds into ribbon-like chains extending along the c-axis direction. The also features π–π stacking interactions between the rings in the cation and anion [minimum ring centroid separation = 3.7707 (12) Å].
of the title salt, CKeywords: crystal structure; pseudotetrameric; pyrimidine.
CCDC reference: 1835970
1. Chemical context
Pyrimidine and aminopyrimidine derivatives are biologically important compounds and they occur in nature as components of et al., 1993). For example, imazosulfuron, ethirmol and mepanipyrim have been commercialized as agrochemicals (Maeno et al., 1990). Pyrimidine derivatives have also been developed as antiviral agents, such as AZT, which is the most widely used anti-AIDS drug (Gilchrist, 1997). In order to study the hydrogen-bonding interactions, the title compound, the 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidinium salt of 4-chlorobenzoate, C6H10N3O+·C7H4ClO2−, was synthesized and its structure, hydrogen-bonding and Hirshfeld surface analysis are reported herein.
such as cytosine, uracil and thymine. Pyrimidine derivatives are also important molecules in biology and have many applications in the areas of pesticides and pharmaceutical agents (Condon2. Structural commentary
The ), which are essentially coplanar, with a dihedral angle between the ring systems of the two species of 2.2 (1)°. In the cation, one of the pyrimidine nitrogen atoms (N1) is protonated and this is reflected in an increase in bond angle at N1 [C11—N1—C13 = 120.53 (17)°], when compared with that at the unprotonated atom (N3) [C9—N3—C13 = 116.32 (18)°] and the corresponding angle of 116.01 (18)° in neutral 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidine (Glidewell et al., 2003). The methoxy substituent group at C9 of the cation is essentially coplanar with the ring, the N3—C9—O3—C8 torsion angle being −2.9 (3)°. The bond lengths and angles are normal for the carboxylate group of a 4-chlorobenzoate anion, and the benzene ring forms a dihedral angle of 8.5 (2)° with the carboxyl group.
of the title compound contains a 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidinium cation and a 4-chlorobenzoate anion (Fig. 13. Supramolecular features
In the crystal, the protonated nitrogen atom (N1) and the amino nitrogen atom (N2) of the cation interact with the carboxyl oxygen atoms O2 and O1, respectively, of the anion through N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 1), forming an eight-membered (8) ring motif. This is extended into a DDAA array (where D represents a hydrogen-bond donor and A represents a hydrogen-bond acceptor) by N2—H1N⋯O1i hydrogen bonds in a centrosymmetric (8) association [symmetry code: (i) −x + 1, −y + 2, −z + 1], the corresponding graph-set notations for the heterotetramer being (8), (8), (8). The heterotetrameric units are linked through methoxy C8—H8A⋯Clii hydrogen bonds, forming one-dimensional ribbon-like structures (Fig. 2) [symmetry code: (ii) x + 2, −y + , z + ]. Only very weak methyl C12—H⋯O2 interactions [C⋯O = 3.442 (3) Å; H⋯O2 = 2.76 Å] exist between ribbons. The also features π–π stacking interactions between the aromatic pyrimidine ring of the cation (Fig. 3) and the benzene ring of the anion, with minimum centroid–centroid and perpendicular interplanar distances of 3.7780 (12) and 3.7075 (8) Å, respectively, and a slip angle of 19.44° (Hunter et al., 1994).
4. Hirshfeld surface analysis
Three-dimensional (3D) dnorm surface analyis is a useful tool for analysing and visualizing the intermolecular interactions. dnorm takes negative or positive values depending on whether the intermolecular contact is shorter or longer, respectively, than the van der Waals radii (Spackman & Jayatilaka, 2009; McKinnon et al., 2007). The 3D dnorm surface of the title compound was shown in Fig. 4. The red points represent closer contacts and negative dnorm values on the surface corresponding to the N—H⋯O interactions, while C—H⋯O interactions are light red in colour. Two-dimensional fingerprint plots from the Hirshfeld surface analysis are shown in Fig. 5, revealing the intermolecular contacts and their percentage distributions on the Hirshfeld surface. H⋯H interactions (44.8%) are present as a major contributor while O⋯H/H⋯O (14.6%), H⋯Cl/Cl⋯H (13.3%), C⋯H/H⋯C (7.5%), C⋯C (6.6%), N⋯H/H⋯N (3.4%), C⋯N/N⋯C (3.3%), Cl⋯N/N⋯Cl (1.8%), C⋯Cl/Cl⋯C (1.0%) and Cl⋯O/O⋯Cl (0.7%) contacts also make significant contributions to the Hirshfeld surface. Two `wingtips' in the fingerprint plot are related to H⋯O and O⋯H interactions and are shown in Fig. 5.
5. Database survey
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.37, update February 2017; Groom et al., 2016) for 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidine yielded only seven structures of proton-transfer salts with carboxylic acids: VAQSOW [with 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoic acid]; VAQSUC [with methylene hydrogen succinic acid (a monohydrate)]; VAQSEM (with 3-nitrobenzoic acid); VAQSIQ (with benzoic acid); VAQRUB (with 2-fluorobenzoic acid) and VAQSAI (with 3-chlorobenzoic acid) (all from Aakeröy et al., 2003) and NUQTOJ (with picric acid; Jasinski et al., 2010).
6. Synthesis and crystallization
The title compound was synthesized by the reaction of a 1:1 stoichiometric mixture of 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidine [0.139 mg (Aldrich)] and 4-chlorobenzoic acid [0.156 mg (Merck)] in 20 ml of a hot methanolic solution. After warming for a few minutes over a water bath, the solution was cooled and kept at room temperature. Within a few days, colourless block-shaped crystals suitable for the X-ray analysis were obtained (yield: 65%).
7. refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . N-bound pyrimidinium H atoms were located in a difference-Fourier map and refined freely [N—H = 1.03 (3) Å]. The remaining H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model with (N—H = 0.86 Å and C—H = 0.93 or 0.96 Å) and Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C,N) or 1.5Ueq(methyl C). A rotating-group model was used for the methyl groups.
details are summarized in Table 2Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1835970
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989018005583/zs2399sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I, 81R. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989018005583/zs2399Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989018005583/zs2399Isup3.cml
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell
APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT and XPREP (Bruker, 2004); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2017 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 2012) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2017 (Sheldrick, 2015).C6H10N3O+·C7H4ClO2− | F(000) = 616 |
Mr = 295.72 | Dx = 1.384 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 10.1148 (8) Å | Cell parameters from 3319 reflections |
b = 11.2236 (8) Å | θ = 4.7–53.1° |
c = 14.579 (1) Å | µ = 0.28 mm−1 |
β = 120.940 (5)° | T = 296 K |
V = 1419.57 (19) Å3 | Block, colorless |
Z = 4 | 0.35 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2125 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.024 |
ω and φ scan | θmax = 28.4°, θmin = 2.7° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2004) | h = −13→12 |
Tmin = 0.909, Tmax = 0.946 | k = −14→14 |
10962 measured reflections | l = −15→18 |
3423 independent reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: mixed |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.047 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.152 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0728P)2 + 0.324P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 0.99 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.003 |
3423 reflections | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
188 parameters | Δρmin = −0.34 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL2017 (Sheldrick, 2015), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.020 (3) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O3 | 1.08061 (18) | 0.73298 (18) | 0.57812 (14) | 0.0840 (5) | |
N1 | 0.62562 (18) | 0.71035 (13) | 0.45066 (13) | 0.0513 (4) | |
N2 | 0.61625 (18) | 0.91121 (14) | 0.47011 (15) | 0.0649 (5) | |
H1N | 0.659761 | 0.979882 | 0.489408 | 0.078* | |
H2N | 0.518251 | 0.904882 | 0.442578 | 0.078* | |
N3 | 0.85256 (18) | 0.82711 (15) | 0.52563 (13) | 0.0555 (4) | |
C8 | 1.1555 (3) | 0.8473 (3) | 0.6048 (2) | 0.0926 (9) | |
H8A | 1.258389 | 0.838988 | 0.618161 | 0.139* | |
H8B | 1.159254 | 0.877851 | 0.667577 | 0.139* | |
H8C | 1.098704 | 0.901435 | 0.546305 | 0.139* | |
C9 | 0.9288 (2) | 0.7287 (2) | 0.53678 (16) | 0.0616 (6) | |
C10 | 0.8601 (3) | 0.6168 (2) | 0.50699 (19) | 0.0703 (6) | |
H10 | 0.919348 | 0.548952 | 0.518504 | 0.084* | |
C11 | 0.7049 (3) | 0.60891 (17) | 0.46085 (17) | 0.0595 (5) | |
C12 | 0.6128 (3) | 0.49752 (19) | 0.4188 (2) | 0.0872 (8) | |
H12A | 0.531726 | 0.509732 | 0.346014 | 0.131* | |
H12B | 0.568913 | 0.477063 | 0.461457 | 0.131* | |
H12C | 0.678410 | 0.433995 | 0.421663 | 0.131* | |
C13 | 0.6995 (2) | 0.81598 (16) | 0.48261 (15) | 0.0489 (4) | |
Cl1 | −0.42873 (6) | 0.70123 (7) | 0.18780 (6) | 0.0859 (3) | |
O1 | 0.30336 (15) | 0.87707 (12) | 0.40502 (13) | 0.0710 (5) | |
O2 | 0.32766 (15) | 0.68727 (12) | 0.37489 (12) | 0.0648 (4) | |
C1 | 0.2501 (2) | 0.77506 (16) | 0.37387 (15) | 0.0506 (5) | |
C2 | 0.0808 (2) | 0.75559 (16) | 0.33048 (14) | 0.0455 (4) | |
C3 | 0.0178 (2) | 0.64290 (17) | 0.30515 (16) | 0.0532 (5) | |
H3 | 0.081505 | 0.577740 | 0.317181 | 0.064* | |
C4 | −0.1384 (2) | 0.62496 (19) | 0.26221 (16) | 0.0591 (5) | |
H4 | −0.179743 | 0.548535 | 0.245653 | 0.071* | |
C5 | −0.2314 (2) | 0.72173 (19) | 0.24443 (16) | 0.0552 (5) | |
C6 | −0.1725 (2) | 0.83473 (19) | 0.26959 (17) | 0.0615 (5) | |
H6 | −0.237007 | 0.899426 | 0.257249 | 0.074* | |
C7 | −0.0160 (2) | 0.85154 (17) | 0.31355 (16) | 0.0559 (5) | |
H7 | 0.025012 | 0.927932 | 0.332014 | 0.067* | |
H1N1 | 0.508 (3) | 0.700 (2) | 0.418 (2) | 0.089 (8)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O3 | 0.0495 (9) | 0.1165 (14) | 0.0927 (12) | 0.0275 (9) | 0.0414 (9) | 0.0152 (11) |
N1 | 0.0479 (9) | 0.0476 (9) | 0.0551 (9) | 0.0080 (7) | 0.0242 (8) | −0.0032 (7) |
N2 | 0.0389 (8) | 0.0483 (9) | 0.0946 (13) | 0.0010 (7) | 0.0251 (8) | −0.0125 (8) |
N3 | 0.0411 (9) | 0.0722 (11) | 0.0533 (10) | 0.0081 (7) | 0.0243 (7) | −0.0019 (8) |
C8 | 0.0457 (13) | 0.140 (3) | 0.0899 (19) | 0.0033 (14) | 0.0337 (13) | 0.0031 (17) |
C9 | 0.0507 (12) | 0.0858 (15) | 0.0564 (13) | 0.0194 (10) | 0.0333 (10) | 0.0100 (11) |
C10 | 0.0728 (15) | 0.0697 (14) | 0.0839 (16) | 0.0340 (12) | 0.0514 (13) | 0.0182 (12) |
C11 | 0.0738 (14) | 0.0508 (11) | 0.0653 (13) | 0.0173 (9) | 0.0439 (11) | 0.0081 (9) |
C12 | 0.112 (2) | 0.0478 (12) | 0.121 (2) | 0.0116 (12) | 0.0732 (18) | 0.0017 (13) |
C13 | 0.0406 (9) | 0.0533 (10) | 0.0497 (11) | 0.0050 (8) | 0.0210 (8) | −0.0029 (8) |
Cl1 | 0.0454 (3) | 0.1120 (6) | 0.0929 (5) | −0.0142 (3) | 0.0302 (3) | −0.0069 (4) |
O1 | 0.0424 (7) | 0.0458 (8) | 0.1021 (12) | −0.0028 (6) | 0.0210 (7) | −0.0149 (7) |
O2 | 0.0454 (8) | 0.0481 (7) | 0.0872 (11) | 0.0023 (6) | 0.0242 (7) | −0.0098 (7) |
C1 | 0.0404 (9) | 0.0449 (10) | 0.0527 (11) | 0.0003 (7) | 0.0141 (8) | −0.0010 (8) |
C2 | 0.0406 (9) | 0.0447 (9) | 0.0424 (10) | 0.0005 (7) | 0.0149 (8) | 0.0012 (7) |
C3 | 0.0495 (11) | 0.0465 (10) | 0.0573 (11) | −0.0031 (8) | 0.0230 (9) | −0.0053 (8) |
C4 | 0.0549 (12) | 0.0578 (12) | 0.0623 (13) | −0.0144 (9) | 0.0285 (10) | −0.0095 (10) |
C5 | 0.0416 (10) | 0.0722 (13) | 0.0468 (11) | −0.0074 (9) | 0.0191 (8) | −0.0020 (9) |
C6 | 0.0429 (10) | 0.0607 (12) | 0.0702 (14) | 0.0087 (9) | 0.0215 (10) | 0.0076 (10) |
C7 | 0.0442 (10) | 0.0459 (10) | 0.0643 (12) | 0.0007 (8) | 0.0184 (9) | 0.0034 (9) |
O3—C9 | 1.331 (2) | C12—H12A | 0.9600 |
O3—C8 | 1.438 (4) | C12—H12B | 0.9600 |
N1—C13 | 1.350 (2) | C12—H12C | 0.9600 |
N1—C11 | 1.356 (2) | Cl1—C5 | 1.7385 (19) |
N1—H1N1 | 1.03 (3) | O1—C1 | 1.247 (2) |
N2—C13 | 1.314 (2) | O2—C1 | 1.255 (2) |
N2—H1N | 0.8600 | C1—C2 | 1.506 (2) |
N2—H2N | 0.8600 | C2—C3 | 1.379 (3) |
N3—C9 | 1.308 (3) | C2—C7 | 1.389 (3) |
N3—C13 | 1.344 (2) | C3—C4 | 1.383 (3) |
C8—H8A | 0.9600 | C3—H3 | 0.9300 |
C8—H8B | 0.9600 | C4—C5 | 1.372 (3) |
C8—H8C | 0.9600 | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
C9—C10 | 1.392 (3) | C5—C6 | 1.369 (3) |
C10—C11 | 1.356 (3) | C6—C7 | 1.381 (3) |
C10—H10 | 0.9300 | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
C11—C12 | 1.490 (3) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
C9—O3—C8 | 118.61 (18) | H12A—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C13—N1—C11 | 120.53 (17) | H12B—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C13—N1—H1N1 | 124.1 (13) | N2—C13—N3 | 119.43 (17) |
C11—N1—H1N1 | 115.4 (13) | N2—C13—N1 | 117.68 (16) |
C13—N2—H1N | 120.0 | N3—C13—N1 | 122.89 (16) |
C13—N2—H2N | 120.0 | O1—C1—O2 | 124.51 (17) |
H1N—N2—H2N | 120.0 | O1—C1—C2 | 118.10 (16) |
C9—N3—C13 | 116.32 (18) | O2—C1—C2 | 117.39 (16) |
O3—C8—H8A | 109.5 | C3—C2—C7 | 118.48 (17) |
O3—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C3—C2—C1 | 121.00 (16) |
H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C7—C2—C1 | 120.51 (16) |
O3—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C2—C3—C4 | 121.22 (18) |
H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C2—C3—H3 | 119.4 |
H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C4—C3—H3 | 119.4 |
N3—C9—O3 | 119.7 (2) | C5—C4—C3 | 118.90 (18) |
N3—C9—C10 | 123.68 (19) | C5—C4—H4 | 120.5 |
O3—C9—C10 | 116.64 (19) | C3—C4—H4 | 120.5 |
C11—C10—C9 | 118.62 (18) | C6—C5—C4 | 121.40 (18) |
C11—C10—H10 | 120.7 | C6—C5—Cl1 | 119.04 (16) |
C9—C10—H10 | 120.7 | C4—C5—Cl1 | 119.55 (16) |
C10—C11—N1 | 117.9 (2) | C5—C6—C7 | 119.23 (18) |
C10—C11—C12 | 125.36 (19) | C5—C6—H6 | 120.4 |
N1—C11—C12 | 116.74 (19) | C7—C6—H6 | 120.4 |
C11—C12—H12A | 109.5 | C6—C7—C2 | 120.74 (18) |
C11—C12—H12B | 109.5 | C6—C7—H7 | 119.6 |
H12A—C12—H12B | 109.5 | C2—C7—H7 | 119.6 |
C11—C12—H12C | 109.5 | ||
O1—C1—C2—C3 | −173.20 (19) | C4—C5—C6—C7 | 0.2 (3) |
O1—C1—C2—C7 | 7.8 (3) | C5—C6—C7—C2 | 1.2 (3) |
O2—C1—C2—C3 | 7.7 (3) | C13—N1—C11—C10 | 2.1 (3) |
O2—C1—C2—C7 | −171.35 (18) | C13—N1—C11—C12 | −177.2 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −177.99 (18) | C11—N1—C13—N2 | 179.63 (19) |
C7—C2—C3—C4 | 1.0 (3) | C11—N1—C13—N3 | −0.1 (3) |
C1—C2—C7—C6 | 177.29 (19) | C13—N3—C9—O3 | 179.53 (18) |
C3—C2—C7—C6 | −1.8 (3) | C13—N3—C9—C10 | −0.1 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.3 (3) | C9—N3—C13—N1 | −0.9 (3) |
C8—O3—C9—C10 | 176.7 (2) | C9—N3—C13—N2 | 179.37 (19) |
C8—O3—C9—N3 | −2.9 (3) | O3—C9—C10—C11 | −177.6 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.9 (3) | N3—C9—C10—C11 | 2.0 (4) |
C3—C4—C5—Cl1 | 178.62 (16) | C9—C10—C11—N1 | −2.9 (3) |
Cl1—C5—C6—C7 | −179.32 (16) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | 176.3 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1N1···O2 | 1.04 (3) | 1.60 (3) | 2.636 (3) | 176 (2) |
N2—H1N···O1i | 0.86 | 2.12 | 2.846 (2) | 142 |
N2—H2N···O1 | 0.86 | 1.97 | 2.824 (3) | 169 |
C8—H8A···Cl1ii | 0.96 | 2.82 | 3.770 (3) | 171 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1; (ii) x+2, −y+3/2, z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility (SAIF) at STIC, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, for X-ray data collection.
Funding information
PS and KB thank the Department of Science and Technology (DST–SERB), grant No. SB/FT/CS-058/2013, New Delhi, India, for financial support.
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