research communications
A one-dimensional iodido-bridged PtII/PtIV mixed-valence complex cation with a hydrogen sulfate counter-anion
aDepartment of Chemistry & Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-ku, 171-8501 Tokyo, Japan
*Correspondence e-mail: cnmatsu@rikkyo.ac.jp
The title compound, catena-poly[[[bis(ethylenediamine-κ2N,N′)platinum(II)]-μ-iodido-[bis(ethylenediamine-κ2N,N′)platinum(IV)]-μ-iodido] tetra(hydrogen sulfate) dihydrate], {[PtII(C2H8N2)2][PtIVI2(C2H8N2)2](HSO4)4·2H2O}n, has a linear chain structure comprising alternating platinum cations with mixed-valent oxidation states of +II/IV. Square-planar [Pt(en)2]2+ cations and elongated octahedral trans-[PtI2(en)2]2+ cations (en is ethylenediamine) are stacked alternately parallel to the b axis, and are bridged by the I ligands. The Pt site of the [PtII/IV(en)2] units is located on a twofold rotation axis. The I site, which is located on the same twofold rotation axis, is equally disordered over two positions. The Pt and I sites form a straight ⋯I—PtIV—I⋯PtII⋯ chain, with PtIV—I bond lengths of 2.7202 (6) and 2.6917 (6) Å, and PtII⋯I contacts of 3.2249 (6) and 3.2534 (6) Å. The mixed-valence state of the Pt site is expressed by the structural parameter δ = (PtIV–I)/(PtII⋯I), with values of 0.843 and 0.827 for the two independent I atoms. In the the cationic columnar structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds of the type N—H⋯O between the amine groups of the Pt complex chains and the disordered hydrogen sulfate counter anions, and between the amine groups and water molecules of crystallization. In addition, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen sulfate anions and water molecules of crystallization and between the hydrogen sulfate anions themselves consolidate the crystal packing.
Keywords: crystal structure; platinum complex; one-dimensional chain complex; iodido-bridged complex; Pt(II,IV) mixed-valence; MX-chain.
CCDC reference: 1878955
1. Chemical context
The title mixed-valence compound, [PtII(en)2][PtIVI2(en)2](HSO4)4·2H2O (en is ethylenediamine, C2N2H8), (I), is a member of the family of one-dimensional halogenido-bridged mixed-valence metal complexes, formulated as [MII(AA)2][MIVX2(AA)2]Y4 [MII/MIV = PtII/PtIV; PdII/PdIV; NiII/NiIV; PdII/PtIV; NiII/PtIV; X = Cl, Br, I; AA = NH2(CH2)2NH2, etc.; Y = ClO4−, BF4−, X−, etc.], which are often referred to as MX-chains and are typical mixed-valence compounds belonging to class II in the classification of Robin & Day (1967). MX-chains have attracted much interest because of their one-dimensional mixed-valence electron systems, as described in a previous report (Matsushita, 2006).
The metal–halogen distances in crystals of MX-chains characterize their physical properties based on the mixed-valence electronic state. The X-ray of (I) was performed to gain structural information for MX-chains and to compare (I) with chlorido- and bromido-bridged PtII/PtIV mixed-valence complexes with a hydrogen sulfate counter-anion, i.e. [PtII(en)2][PtIVX2(en)2](HSO4)4 (X = Cl, Br) (Matsushita et al., 1992; Matsushita, 2003).
2. Structural commentary
The structures of the molecular components of (I) are displayed in Fig. 1. The of (I) comprises half of a Pt-complex moiety, [PtII(en)2]2+ or [PtIVI2(en)2]2+, one HSO4− anion, and a half-molecule of water. The Pt and I atoms of the Pt-complex moiety and the O atom of the water molecule are located on twofold rotation axes. The hydrogen sulfate anion lies on a general position. As shown in Fig. 2, the structure of (I) is built up of columns extending parallel to the b axis, composed of square-planar [Pt(en)2]2+ cations and elongated octahedral trans-[PtI2(en)2]2+ cations stacked alternately and bridged by the I ligands. The Pt and I atoms form an infinite straight ⋯I—PtIV—I⋯PtII⋯ chain. The same straight chains are also observed in [PtII(en)2][PtIVX2(en)2](HSO4)4 (X = Cl, Br) (Matsushita et al., 1992; Matsushita, 2003). The title salt (I) is, however, not isotypic with these hydrogen sulfates of the chlorido- and bromido-bridged complexes whereas the latter structures show isotypism with each other.
The I sites in (I) are not located at the exact midpoint between adjacent Pt sites and thus are equally disordered over two sites close to the midpoint. Consequently, the Pt site is occupationally disordered over the PtII and PtIV atoms. The valence ordering of the Pt site in (I) belongs to one of three different classes of the order–disorder problem pointed out by Keller (1982). The structure of (I) can be regarded as being of a one-dimensionally ordered structure type, with the other two directions being in a disordered state. The structural order–disorder situation of the Pt site in (I) has also been observed in the structures of a number of other MX-chains (Endres et al., 1980; Beauchamp et al., 1982; Cannas et al., 1983; Yamashita et al., 1985; Matsushita et al., 1992, 2017; Toriumi et al., 1993; Huckett et al., 1993; Matsushita, 2003, 2005a,b, 2015; Matsushita & Taira, 2015).
With respect to the two sites for the disordered I atoms, the shorter Pt—I distances are assigned to PtIV—I and the longer ones to PtII⋯I contacts, as follows: I—PtIV—I; Pt—I1 = 2.7202 (6) Å, Pt—I2 = 2.6917 (6) Å; I⋯PtII⋯I; Pt⋯I1 = 3.2249 (6) Å, Pt⋯I2 = 3.2534 (6) Å. Other bond lengths and angles are collated in Table 1.
The structural parameters indicating the mixed-valence state of the Pt site, expressed by δ = (PtIV–I)/(PtII⋯I), are 0.843 and 0.827 for I1 and I2, respectively. These values are smaller than those of [Pt(pn)2][PtI2(pn)2](ClO4)4 (pn is 1,2-diaminopropane) (0.937; Breer et al., 1978), [Pt(pn)2][PtI2(pn)2]I4 (0.940; Endres et al., 1980), [Pt(tn)2][PtI2(tn)2](ClO4)4 (tn is 1,3-diaminopropane) (0.95; Cannas et al., 1984), [Pt(en)2][PtI2(en)2](ClO4)4 (0.919; Endres et al., 1979), but are comparable with those of [Pt(NH3)4][PtI2(NH3)4](HSO4)4·2H2O (0.834; Tanaka et al., 1986), [Pt(en)2][PtI2(en)2](C8H17SO3)4·2H2O (0.839 and 0.858; Matsushita, 2015), and somewhat larger than those of [Pt(en)2][PtI2(en)2](HPO4)(H2PO4)I·3H2O (0.812 and 0.818; Matsushita, 2006).
3. Supramolecular features
Hydrogen bonds in (I) (Table 2) stabilize the columnar structure composed only of cationic complexes, as shown in Fig. 2. A [PtII/IV(en)2] unit is bound to an adjacent Pt-complex unit in the column by four hydrogen-bond linkages as follows: two linkages N1—H1A⋯O1—S—O3⋯H1B—N1 and two linkages N2—H2A⋯O5—H5⋯O1⋯H2B—N2. In addition, the donor group O5—H5 is hydrogen-bonded to atom O3, and forms a three-centre hydrogen-bond. Such hydrogen-bonded linkages are common structural motifs of MX-chains (Matsushita, 2003, 2005a,b, 2006, 2015; Matsushita et al., 1992, 2017; Matsushita & Taira, 2015).
|
As a result of the intercolumnar hydrogen-bond linkages, N1—H1A⋯O1⋯H2B—N2 between the Pt-complex columns and hydrogen sulfate ions, and N2—H2A⋯O5⋯H2A—N2 between the Pt-complex columns and the water molecule of crystallization, represented by light-blue dashed lines in Fig. 3, the columns are organized in layers parallel to the ab plane.
The layers are connected along the direction of the c axis by two very short hydrogen bonds (Table 2) between hydrogen sulfate ions as follows: O2—H2⋯O2vi and O4—H4⋯O4vii, represented by magenta dashed lines in Fig. 3. Atom pairs O2 and O2vi and O4 and O4vii both are related by inversion centers. Thus, atoms H2 and H4 are equally disordered over two sites between atoms O2 and between atoms O4, respectively. One-dimensional hydrogen-bonded chains of hydrogen sulfate anions run along the a-axis direction. Similar hydrogen-bonded chains of hydrogen sulfate anions are observed in [PtII(en)2][PtIVX2(en)2](HSO4)4 (X = Cl, Br) (Matsushita et al., 1992; Matsushita, 2003). In the hydrogen sulfate ion, the lengths of the S—O(H) bonds [S—O2 = 1.499 (2) Å, S—O4 = 1.491 (2) Å] are longer than those of the S—O bonds [S—O1 = 1.448 (2) Å, S—O3 = 1.432 (2) Å]. This difference in the S—O bond lengths supports the fact that both O2 and O4 are bonded to a hydrogen atom, however in a disordered manner. A similar difference in the lengths of the S—O and S—O(H) bonds is also observed in [PtII(en)2][PtIVX2(en)2](HSO4)4 (X = Cl, Br) (Matsushita et al., 1992; Matsushita, 2003). In these hydrogen sulfates, however, the hydrogen atoms of the hydrogen sulfate anions, which also hydrogen-bond to neighbouring hydrogen sulfate anions, are not disordered. The lengths of the S—O(H) bond and the S—O bond for the acceptor O atom are 1.494 (10) and 1.420 (8) Å, respectively, for the chlorido-bridged complex and 1.45 (2) and 1.35 (3) Å for the bromido-bridged complex. These longer and shorter lengths for the S—O bonds indicate that the hydrogen atoms of the hydrogen sulfate ions are not disordered.
The intracolumnar, intercolumnar and interlayer hydrogen-bonds, as discussed above, stabilize the crystal packing in (I).
4. Synthesis and crystallization
A preparation procedure for the title salt was previously reported (Matsushita et al., 1989). In the literature, the obtained salt was originally reported as a tetrahydrate. The present X-ray crystallographic study, however, reveals the salt to be a dihydrate. Probably, the amount of water molecules of the salt was overestimated at that time due to the hygroscopic nature of the polycrystalline sample because the salt was obtained from a concentrated sulfuric acid solution. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern simulated on the basis of the present single-crystal data is in good agreement with the experimental data reported previously for the powder sample.
5. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . Atoms I1, I2 and H2 and H4 are each disordered over two positions and were modelled with an occupancy factor of 0.5. Hydrogen atoms were placed in geometrically calculated positions and refined as riding, with C—H = 0.97 Å, N—H = 0.89 Å, and O—H = 0.82 Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C,N) and 1.5Ueq(O). Hydrogen atoms bonded to O atoms were calculated by the HFIX 147 command of SHELXL (Sheldrick, 2015b). Evaluation of the S—O2 bond length for atom H2, the S—O4 bond length for atom H4, and the O3⋯O5 and O1⋯O5 hydrogen bonds together with other hydrogen-bonding interactions showed the expected behaviour, and therefore the localization of these H atoms was considered to be correct. The maximum and minimum electron density peaks are located 0.67 and 0.17 Å, respectively, from atom Pt.
details are summarized in Table 3
|
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1878955
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989018016158/wm5469sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989018016158/wm5469Isup2.hkl
Data collection: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 2015); cell
RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 2015); data reduction: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 2015); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014/7 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2018); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014/7 (Sheldrick, 2015b).[Pt(C2H8N2)2][PtI2(C2H8N2)2](HSO4)4·2H2O | F(000) = 614 |
Mr = 1308.70 | Dx = 2.751 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P2/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71075 Å |
a = 7.2964 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 14539 reflections |
b = 5.9451 (2) Å | θ = 3.1–32.1° |
c = 18.2253 (7) Å | µ = 11.15 mm−1 |
β = 92.318 (1)° | T = 296 K |
V = 789.93 (5) Å3 | Block, gold |
Z = 1 | 0.50 × 0.40 × 0.35 mm |
Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID imaging plate diffractometer | 2733 independent reflections |
Radiation source: X-ray sealed tube | 2541 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.048 |
Detector resolution: 10.00 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 32.0°, θmin = 3.1° |
ω scans | h = −10→10 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (ABSCOR; Rigaku, 1995) | k = −8→8 |
Tmin = 0.010, Tmax = 0.020 | l = −27→27 |
16218 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.024 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.046 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + 0.4688P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.21 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
2733 reflections | Δρmax = 2.12 e Å−3 |
106 parameters | Δρmin = −1.68 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL-2014/7 (Sheldrick 2015b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: dual | Extinction coefficient: 0.0149 (4) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Pt | 0.2500 | 0.98097 (2) | 0.2500 | 0.01577 (6) | |
I1 | 0.2500 | 1.43852 (10) | 0.2500 | 0.02522 (15) | 0.5 |
I2 | 0.2500 | 0.52821 (9) | 0.2500 | 0.02578 (15) | 0.5 |
N1 | 0.4066 (3) | 0.9807 (3) | 0.34641 (14) | 0.0247 (5) | |
H1A | 0.4946 | 0.8775 | 0.3443 | 0.030* | |
H1B | 0.4593 | 1.1145 | 0.3533 | 0.030* | |
N2 | 0.0356 (3) | 0.9826 (3) | 0.31975 (14) | 0.0254 (5) | |
H2A | −0.0501 | 1.0791 | 0.3036 | 0.030* | |
H2B | −0.0144 | 0.8463 | 0.3215 | 0.030* | |
C1 | 0.2853 (4) | 0.9293 (5) | 0.40872 (16) | 0.0317 (6) | |
H1C | 0.3428 | 0.9795 | 0.4548 | 0.038* | |
H1D | 0.2643 | 0.7685 | 0.4118 | 0.038* | |
C2 | 0.1070 (4) | 1.0503 (5) | 0.39440 (17) | 0.0313 (6) | |
H2C | 0.0201 | 1.0094 | 0.4310 | 0.038* | |
H2D | 0.1260 | 1.2117 | 0.3965 | 0.038* | |
S | 0.73971 (11) | 0.53489 (12) | 0.41680 (4) | 0.02863 (16) | |
O1 | 0.7066 (3) | 0.6617 (4) | 0.34976 (13) | 0.0463 (6) | |
O2 | 0.6291 (3) | 0.6293 (4) | 0.47713 (14) | 0.0474 (6) | |
H2 | 0.5242 | 0.5798 | 0.4734 | 0.071* | 0.5 |
O3 | 0.7028 (4) | 0.2994 (4) | 0.40865 (14) | 0.0431 (6) | |
O4 | 0.9361 (3) | 0.5761 (4) | 0.43844 (13) | 0.0422 (5) | |
H4 | 0.9504 | 0.5661 | 0.4832 | 0.063* | 0.5 |
O5 | 0.7500 | 0.2587 (5) | 0.2500 | 0.0321 (7) | |
H5 | 0.7954 | 0.3426 | 0.2200 | 0.048* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Pt | 0.01352 (8) | 0.01268 (8) | 0.02104 (8) | 0.000 | −0.00028 (5) | 0.000 |
I1 | 0.0248 (3) | 0.0168 (3) | 0.0340 (3) | 0.000 | 0.0010 (2) | 0.000 |
I2 | 0.0292 (3) | 0.0151 (3) | 0.0328 (3) | 0.000 | −0.0006 (2) | 0.000 |
N1 | 0.0218 (12) | 0.0239 (11) | 0.0277 (12) | 0.0006 (8) | −0.0072 (10) | −0.0011 (8) |
N2 | 0.0208 (12) | 0.0247 (11) | 0.0309 (13) | 0.0010 (8) | 0.0061 (10) | 0.0030 (9) |
C1 | 0.0394 (18) | 0.0325 (15) | 0.0231 (14) | 0.0034 (13) | −0.0013 (13) | 0.0019 (11) |
C2 | 0.0362 (18) | 0.0317 (14) | 0.0264 (15) | 0.0053 (12) | 0.0074 (13) | −0.0005 (11) |
S | 0.0268 (4) | 0.0302 (4) | 0.0288 (4) | 0.0001 (3) | −0.0014 (3) | −0.0002 (3) |
O1 | 0.0403 (14) | 0.0602 (15) | 0.0382 (14) | 0.0105 (12) | −0.0009 (11) | 0.0158 (12) |
O2 | 0.0473 (15) | 0.0433 (14) | 0.0533 (16) | −0.0060 (11) | 0.0242 (12) | −0.0156 (11) |
O3 | 0.0501 (15) | 0.0326 (12) | 0.0471 (16) | −0.0032 (10) | 0.0096 (12) | −0.0097 (10) |
O4 | 0.0283 (12) | 0.0560 (14) | 0.0419 (14) | −0.0073 (10) | −0.0041 (10) | 0.0105 (12) |
O5 | 0.0262 (17) | 0.0400 (18) | 0.0300 (19) | 0.000 | 0.0011 (14) | 0.000 |
Pt—N2 | 2.055 (2) | N2—H2A | 0.8900 |
Pt—N2i | 2.055 (2) | N2—H2B | 0.8900 |
Pt—N1i | 2.057 (2) | C1—C2 | 1.501 (4) |
Pt—N1 | 2.057 (2) | C1—H1C | 0.9700 |
Pt—I2 | 2.6917 (6) | C1—H1D | 0.9700 |
Pt—I1 | 2.7202 (6) | C2—H2C | 0.9700 |
Pt—I1ii | 3.2249 (6) | C2—H2D | 0.9700 |
Pt—I2iii | 3.2534 (6) | S—O3 | 1.432 (2) |
I1—I2iii | 0.5332 (6) | S—O1 | 1.448 (2) |
I1—Ptiii | 3.2249 (6) | S—O4 | 1.491 (2) |
I2—I1ii | 0.5332 (6) | S—O2 | 1.499 (2) |
I2—Ptii | 3.2534 (6) | O2—H2 | 0.8200 |
N1—C1 | 1.499 (4) | O4—H4 | 0.8200 |
N1—H1A | 0.8900 | O5—N2iv | 2.905 (3) |
N1—H1B | 0.8900 | O5—H5 | 0.8200 |
N2—C2 | 1.492 (4) | ||
N2—Pt—N2i | 179.45 (11) | C1—N1—Pt | 108.82 (17) |
N2—Pt—N1i | 96.77 (10) | C1—N1—H1A | 109.9 |
N2i—Pt—N1i | 83.23 (10) | Pt—N1—H1A | 109.9 |
N2—Pt—N1 | 83.23 (10) | C1—N1—H1B | 109.9 |
N2i—Pt—N1 | 96.77 (10) | Pt—N1—H1B | 109.9 |
N1i—Pt—N1 | 179.92 (11) | H1A—N1—H1B | 108.3 |
N2—Pt—I2 | 90.27 (6) | C2—N2—Pt | 108.60 (18) |
N2i—Pt—I2 | 90.27 (6) | C2—N2—H2A | 110.0 |
N1i—Pt—I2 | 89.96 (6) | Pt—N2—H2A | 110.0 |
N1—Pt—I2 | 89.96 (6) | C2—N2—H2B | 110.0 |
N2—Pt—I1 | 89.73 (6) | Pt—N2—H2B | 110.0 |
N2i—Pt—I1 | 89.73 (6) | H2A—N2—H2B | 108.4 |
N1i—Pt—I1 | 90.04 (6) | N1—C1—C2 | 107.7 (2) |
N1—Pt—I1 | 90.04 (6) | N1—C1—H1C | 110.2 |
I2—Pt—I1 | 180.0 | C2—C1—H1C | 110.2 |
N2—Pt—I1ii | 90.27 (6) | N1—C1—H1D | 110.2 |
N2i—Pt—I1ii | 90.27 (6) | C2—C1—H1D | 110.2 |
N1i—Pt—I1ii | 89.96 (6) | H1C—C1—H1D | 108.5 |
N1—Pt—I1ii | 89.96 (6) | N2—C2—C1 | 107.3 (2) |
I2—Pt—I1ii | 0.0 | N2—C2—H2C | 110.3 |
I1—Pt—I1ii | 180.0 | C1—C2—H2C | 110.3 |
N2—Pt—I2iii | 89.73 (6) | N2—C2—H2D | 110.3 |
N2i—Pt—I2iii | 89.73 (6) | C1—C2—H2D | 110.3 |
N1i—Pt—I2iii | 90.04 (6) | H2C—C2—H2D | 108.5 |
N1—Pt—I2iii | 90.04 (6) | O3—S—O1 | 113.41 (15) |
I2—Pt—I2iii | 180.0 | O3—S—O4 | 111.27 (15) |
I1—Pt—I2iii | 0.0 | O1—S—O4 | 105.28 (14) |
I1ii—Pt—I2iii | 180.0 | O3—S—O2 | 109.72 (14) |
I2iii—I1—Pt | 180.0 | O1—S—O2 | 110.33 (16) |
I2iii—I1—Ptiii | 0.000 (1) | O4—S—O2 | 106.55 (15) |
Pt—I1—Ptiii | 180.0 | S—O2—H2 | 109.5 |
I1ii—I2—Pt | 180.0 | S—O4—H4 | 109.5 |
I1ii—I2—Ptii | 0.0 | N2iv—O5—H5 | 109.5 |
Pt—I2—Ptii | 180.0 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, y, −z+1/2; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) x+1, y−1, z. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1A···O1 | 0.89 | 2.01 | 2.895 (3) | 173 |
N1—H1B···O3iii | 0.89 | 2.29 | 3.057 (3) | 145 |
N2—H2A···O5v | 0.89 | 2.03 | 2.905 (3) | 169 |
N2—H2B···O1vi | 0.89 | 2.39 | 3.132 (3) | 141 |
O5—H5···O1vii | 0.82 | 2.28 | 3.032 (4) | 152 |
O5—H5···O3vii | 0.82 | 2.36 | 2.936 (3) | 128 |
O2—H2···O2viii | 0.82 | 1.92 | 2.595 (5) | 139 |
O4—H4···O4ix | 0.82 | 1.83 | 2.560 (5) | 148 |
Symmetry codes: (iii) x, y+1, z; (v) x−1, y+1, z; (vi) x−1, y, z; (vii) −x+3/2, y, −z+1/2; (viii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ix) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1. |
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: JSPS KAKENHI (Coordination Asymmetry) (Grant No. JP16H06509).
References
Beauchamp, A. L., Layek, D. & Theophanides, T. (1982). Acta Cryst. B38, 1158–1164. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Brandenburg, K. (2018). DIAMOND. Crystal Impact GbR, Bonn, Germany. Google Scholar
Breer, H., Endres, H., Keller, H. J. & Martin, R. (1978). Acta Cryst. B34, 2295–2297. CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Web of Science Google Scholar
Cannas, M., Bonaria Lucchesini, M. & Marongiu, G. (1983). Acta Cryst. C39, 1514–1517. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Cannas, M., Marongiu, G., Keller, H. J., Müller, B. & Martin, R. (1984). Z. Naturforsch. Teil B, 39, 197–200. CrossRef Google Scholar
Endres, H., Keller, H. J., Keppler, B., Martin, R., Steiger, W. & Traeger, U. (1980). Acta Cryst. B36, 760–761. CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Web of Science Google Scholar
Endres, H., Keller, H. J., Martin, R., Hae Nam Gung & Traeger, J. (1979). Acta Cryst. B35, 1885–1887. Google Scholar
Huckett, S. C., Scott, B., Love, S. P., Donohoe, R. J., Burns, C. J., Garcia, E., Frankcom, T. & Swanson, B. I. (1993). Inorg. Chem. 32, 2137–2144. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Keller, H. J. (1982). Extended Linear Chain Compounds, edited by J. S. Miller, pp. 357-407. New York: Plenum. Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. (2003). Acta Cryst. E59, m26–m28. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. (2005a). Acta Cryst. E61, m514–m516. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. (2005b). Acta Cryst. E61, m1301–m1303. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. (2006). Acta Cryst. C62, m33–m36. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. (2015). Acta Cryst. E71, 1155–1158. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N., Kojima, N., Ban, T. & Tsujikawa, I. (1989). Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 62, 1785–1790. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Matsushita, N., Taga, T. & Tsujikawa, I. (1992). Acta Cryst. C48, 1936–1939. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N. & Taira, A. (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 1033–1036. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Matsushita, N., Taira, A. & Taoka, Y. (2017). Acta Cryst. E73, 1108–1112. CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Rigaku (1995). ABSCOR. Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Google Scholar
Rigaku (2015). RAPID-AUTO. Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Google Scholar
Robin, M. B. & Day, P. (1967). Advances Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry, edited by H. J. Emeléus & A. G. Sharpe, Vol. 10, pp. 247-422. New York: Academic Press. Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015a). Acta Cryst. A71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015b). Acta Cryst. C71, 3–8. Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Tanaka, M., Tsujikawa, I., Toriumi, K. & Ito, T. (1986). Acta Cryst. C42, 1105–1109. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Toriumi, K., Yamashita, M., Kurita, S., Murase, I. & Ito, T. (1993). Acta Cryst. B49, 497–506. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Yamashita, M., Toriumi, K. & Ito, T. (1985). Acta Cryst. C41, 876–878. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.