Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 4,4′-{[1,3-phenyl­enebis(methyl­ene)]bis­(­oxy)}bis­(3-meth­oxy­benzaldehyde) and 4,4′-{[(1,4-phenyl­ene­bis(methyl­ene)]bis­(­oxy)}bis­(3-meth­oxy­benzalde­hyde)

Iqbal, S.; Viswanathan, V.; Velmurugan, D.; Abiraman, T.; Balasubramanian, S.; Gunasekaran, K.

doi:10.1107/S2056989019006662

research communications

CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC
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ISSN: 2056-9890

Volume 75| Part 6| June 2019| Pages 875-879

https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662

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Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 4,4′-{[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) and 4,4′-{[(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde)

Saleem Iqbal,^a Vijayan Viswanathan,^b Devadasan Velmurugan,^a Tamilselvan Abiraman,^c Sengottuvelan Balasubramanian ^c and Krishnasamy Gunasekaran ^a ^*

^aCentre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India, ^bDepartment of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India, and ^cDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
^*Correspondence e-mail: gunaunom@gmail.com

Edited by H. Stoeckli-Evans, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland (Received 21 February 2019; accepted 9 May 2019; online 24 May 2019)

The title compounds, C₂₄H₂₂O₆ (I) and C₂₄H₂₂O₆ (II), each crystallize with half a molecule in the asymmetric unit. The whole molecule of compound (I) is generated by twofold rotation symmetry, the twofold axis bisecting the central benzene ring. The whole molecule of compound (II) is generated by inversion symmetry, the central benzene ring being located on an inversion center. In (I), the outer benzene rings are inclined to each other by 59.96 (10)° and by 36.74 (9)° to the central benzene ring. The corresponding dihedral angles in (II) are 0.0 and 89.87 (12)°. In the crystal of (I), molecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions, forming ribbons propagating along the [10 $[\overline{1}]$ ] direction. In the crystal of (II), molecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a supramolecular framework. The Hirshfeld surface analyses indicate that for both compounds the H⋯H contacts are the most significant, followed by O⋯H/H⋯O and C⋯H/H⋯C contacts.

Keywords: crystal structure; vanillin; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde; hydrogen bonding; C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds; C—H⋯π interactions; supramolecular framework; Hirshfeld surface analysis; fingerprint plots.

CCDC references: 1571498; 1571497

1. Chemical context

Vanillin, a phenolic compound, has been reported to offer neuroprotection against experimental Huntington's disease and global ischemia by virtue of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. Vanillin is a potential future therapeutic agent by virtue of its multiple pharmacological properties relevant to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (Dhanalakshmi et al., 2015 ). Structural elements of vanillin have been observed to show antifungal activity (Fitzgerald et al., 2005 ). Studies have revealed that the root and pod extracts of the plants Heiidesmus Indicus and vanilla planifola (plant-based food-flavouring agents) produce the fragrant phenolic compounds 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (MBALD) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin). These compounds have been shown to be effective in treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurological dysfunctions (Kundu & Mitra, 2013 ). Vanillin derivatives with various homocyclic or heterocyclic and hydrophobic or hydrophilic moieties have shown tyrosinase inhibitory activity (Ashraf et al., 2015 ). In view of the interest in such compounds we have synthesized 4,4′-{[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) (I) and 4,4′-{[(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) (II), and report herein on their crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses.

2. Structural commentary

The molecular structure of compound (I) is shown in Fig. 1. The asymmetric unit consists of half a molecule, the other half being generated by twofold rotation symmetry; the twofold axis bisects atoms C11 and C13 of the central benzene ring. The dihedral angle between the central benzene ring (C10–C13/C10′/C12′) and the outer benzene ring (C2–C7/C2′–C7′) is 36.74 (9)° [symmetry code: (') −x + 2, y, −z + $[{1\over 2}]$ ). The outer benzene rings are inclined to each other by 59.96 (10)°. The acetaldehyde and methoxymethane groups adopt extended conformations, as can be seen from the torsion angles C3—C2—C1—O1 = 180.0 (3)° and C5—C6—O2—C8 = −160.7 (3)°. Atoms C1 and O1 deviate from the plane of the benzene ring by 0.021 (2) and 0.034 (2) Å, respectively, while atoms O2 and C8 deviate from the plane of the benzene ring by −0.032 (2) and −0.471 (4)Å, respectively.

Figure 1
The molecular structure of compound (I)

, with atom labelling (unlabelled atoms are related to labelled atoms by the symmetry operation −x + 2, y, −z + $[{1\over 2}]$ ). Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at 30% probability level.

The molecular structure of compound (II) is shown in Fig. 2. The asymmetric unit consists of half a molecule, the other half being generated by inversion symmetry; the central benzene ring being situated about the inversion center. The outer benzene rings are parallel to each other and normal to the central benzene ring with a dihedral angle of 89.87 (12)°. The methoxymethane and acetaldehyde groups adopt extended conformations, as can be seen from the torsion angles C5—C6—O2—C8 = 172.7 (2) Å and C7—C2—C1—O3 = −178.5 (3)°. Here, atoms O2 and C8 deviate from the plane of the benzene ring by −0.025 (2) and −0.211 (4) Å, respectively, while atoms C1 and O1 deviate from the plane of the benzene ring by 0.023 (3) and 0.056 (2) Å, respectively.

Figure 2
The molecular structure of compound (II)

, with atom labelling (unlabelled atoms are related to labelled atoms by the symmetry operation −x + 1, −y + 1, −z + 1). Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at 30% probability level.

3. Supramolecular features

In the crystal of (I), molecules are linked by C3—H3⋯Oⁱ hydrogen bonds forming ribbons propagating along the [10 $[\overline{1}]$ ] direction (Table 1 and Fig. 3). Within the ribbons molecules are also linked by C—H⋯π interactions (Table 1), as shown in Fig. 4.

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) for (I)

Cg1 is the centroid of the C2–C7 ring.

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
C3—H3⋯O2ⁱ	0.93	2.53	3.3723 (1)	151
C9—H9B⋯Cg1ⁱⁱ	0.97	2.81	3.7808 (1)	144
Symmetry codes: (i) $[x-{\script{1\over 2}}, -y+{\script{1\over 2}}, z-{\script{1\over 2}}]$ ; (ii) $[-x+{\script{3\over 2}}, -y+{\script{1\over 2}}, -z]$ .

Figure 3
The crystal packing of compound (I)

, viewed along the b axis. The C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 1

) are shown as dashed lines. For clarity, only the hydrogen atoms involved in hydrogen bonding have been included.

Figure 4
The crystal packing of compound (I)

, viewed along the b axis. The C—H⋯π interactions (Table 1

) are shown as dashed lines. For clarity, only the hydrogen atoms involved in these interactions have been included.

In the crystal of (II), molecules are linked by C7—H7⋯O3ⁱ and C12—H12⋯O2ⁱⁱ hydrogen bonds (Table 2), forming a supramolecular framework, as shown in Fig. 5.

Table 2
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) for (II)

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
C7—H7⋯O3ⁱ	0.93	2.47	3.338 (1)	156
C12—H12⋯O2ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.52	3.399 (1)	157
Symmetry codes: (i) $[-x, y+{\script{1\over 2}}, -z+{\script{3\over 2}}]$ ; (ii) $[x, -y+{\script{3\over 2}}, z-{\script{1\over 2}}]$ .

Figure 5
The crystal packing of compound (II)

, viewed along the b axis. the C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 2

) are shown as dashed lines. For clarity, only the hydrogen atoms involved in hydrogen bonding have been included.

4. Hirshfeld surface analysis

The Hirshfeld surface analysis (Spackman & Jayatilaka, 2009 ) and the associated two-dimensional fingerprint plots (McKinnon et al., 2007 ) were performed using CrystalExplorer17 (Turner et al., 2017 ).

The Hirshfeld surfaces of compounds (I) and (II) mapped over d_norm are given in Fig. 6a and 6b, respectively. Views of the intermolecular contacts in the crystals are shown in Figs. 7 and 8, for compounds (I) and (II), respectively. They are colour-mapped with the normalized contact distance, d_norm, from red (distances shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii) through white to blue (distances longer than the sum of the van der Waals radii). The blue region represents the positive electrostatic potential over the surface. The d_norm surface was mapped over a colour scale in arbitrary units of −0.156 (red) to 1.705 (blue) for compound (I) and −0.207 (red) to 1.206 (blue) for compound (II), where the red spots indicate the intermolecular contacts involved in the hydrogen bonding.

Figure 6
The Hirshfeld surface mapped over d_norm, for (a) compound (I)

and (b) compound (II)

Figure 7
A view of the Hirshfeld surface mapped over d_norm for compound (I)

, showing the various intermolecular contacts in the crystal.

Figure 8
A view of the Hirshfeld surface mapped over d_norm for compound (II)

, showing the various intermolecular contacts in the crystal.

The two-dimensional fingerprint plots [Fig. 9 for (I) and Fig. 10 for (II)] are deconvoluted to highlight atom-pair close contacts by which different atomic types, overlapping the full fingerprint plot can be separated based on different interaction types. For compound (I), intermolecular H⋯H contacts of 40.4% (Fig. 9b) are the most significant, followed by 29.1% for O⋯H/H⋯O (Fig. 9c), 26.4% for C⋯H/H⋯C (Fig. 9d) and 3.1% for C⋯C (Fig. 9e) contacts. In contrast, for compound (II) the H⋯H contacts at 42.2% (Fig. 10b) make a slightly higher contribution than in (I), while the C⋯H/H⋯C contacts at 23.6% (Fig. 10d) make a slightly lower contribution than in (I). The O⋯H/H⋯O contacts (Fig. 10c) in both compounds are similar; 29.1% in (I) cf. 29.0% in (II).

Figure 9
(a) The two-dimensional fingerprint plot for compound (I)

, and the fingerprint plots delineated into (b) H⋯H, (c) O⋯H/H⋯O, (d) C⋯H/H⋯C and (e) C⋯C contacts.

Figure 10
(a) The two-dimensional fingerprint plot for compound (II)

, and fingerprint plots delineated into (b) H⋯H, (c) O⋯H/H⋯O, (d) C⋯H/H⋯C and (e) C⋯C contacts.

5. Database survey

A search of the Cambridge Structure Database (CSD, Version 5.40, February 2019; Groom et al., 2016 ) for similar compounds gave one hit for 1,3-bis[(2-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]benzene (CSD refcode KACQEL; Bryan et al., 2003 ) but no hits for a 1,4-derivative. In KACQEL, the central benzene ring is inclined to the outer benzene rings by 67.60 (4) and 72.68 (6)°, while the outer benzene rings are inclined to each other by 69.61 (6)°. In compound (I), the central benzene ring is inclined to the outer benzene ring(s) by 36.74 (9)°, while the outer benzene rings are inclined to each other by 59.96 (10)°. In compound (II), the corresponding dihedral angles are 89.87 (2) and 0.0°, respectively.

A search for 4-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzaldehydes gave eight hits. Apart from 4-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde itself (vanillin benzyl ether: COBNUC; Gerkin, 1999 ), the other hits include the 4-nitrobenzyloxy derivative (VOHYUN; Li & Chen, 2008 ), the 4-fluorobenzyloxy derivative (POMQIT; Bernard-Gauthier & Schirrmacher, 2014 ) and the 4-chlorobenzyloxy derivative (WINROB; Liu et al., 2007 ). In VOHYUN, the 3-methoxybenzaldehyde ring is inclined to the 4-benzyloxy ring by 5.00 (11)°, while in COBNUC this dihedral angle is 78.11 (9)°. In POMQIT and WINROB, the corresponding dihedral angles are 69.02 (5) and 72.59 (19)°, respectively, similar to the values observed in KACQEL, viz. 67.60 (4) and 72.68 (6)°.

6. Synthesis and crystallization

Compound (I): To vanillin (0.63 g, 4.1 mmol) dissolved in 20 ml DMF was added potassium carbonate (1.7 g, 12.5 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature followed by addition of 1,3-bis(bromomethyl)benzene (0.5 g, 1.9 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed for 12 h. Then the reaction mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was recrystallized by using ethyl acetate. Colourless block-like crystals were obtained on slow evaporation of the solvent (98%).

Compound (II): To vanillin (0.63 g, 4.1 mmol) dissolved in 20 ml DMF, was added potassium carbonate (1.7 g, 12.5 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature followed by addition of 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)benzene (0.5 g, 1.9 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed for 12 h. After the reaction mixture was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate, the ethyl acetate layer was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was recrystallized by using ethyl acetate. Colourless block-like crystals were obtained on slow evaporation of the solvent (98%).

7. Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3. For both compounds, the hydrogen atoms were fixed geometrically and allowed to ride on their parent atoms: C—H = 0.93–0.97 Å with U_iso(H) = 1.5U_eq(C-methyl) and 1.2U_eq(N,C) for other H atoms.

Table 3
Experimental details

	(I)	(II)
Crystal data
Chemical formula	C₂₄H₂₂O₆	C₂₄H₂₂O₆
M_r	406.41	406.41
Crystal system, space group	Monoclinic, C2/c	Monoclinic, P2₁/c
Temperature (K)	293	296
a, b, c (Å)	11.7026 (3), 14.6628 (4), 12.7512 (3)	12.6668 (5), 7.7470 (3), 10.4244 (4)
β (°)	107.863 (2)	102.126 (2)
V (Å³)	2082.54 (9)	1000.12 (7)
Z	4	2
Radiation type	Mo Kα	Mo Kα
μ (mm⁻¹)	0.09	0.10
Crystal size (mm)	0.26 × 0.19 × 0.11	0.24 × 0.19 × 0.14

Data collection
Diffractometer	Bruker SMART APEXII area detector	Bruker SMART APEXII area detector
Absorption correction	Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008 )	Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008)
T_min, T_max	0.753, 0.842	0.741, 0.863
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections	10081, 2595, 1497	9260, 2488, 1764
R_int	0.024	0.028
(sin θ/λ)_max (Å⁻¹)	0.668	0.670

Refinement
R[F² > 2σ(F²)], wR(F²), S	0.052, 0.178, 1.05	0.057, 0.190, 1.14
No. of reflections	2595	2488
No. of parameters	138	138
H-atom treatment	H-atom parameters constrained	H-atom parameters constrained
Δρ_max, Δρ_min (e Å⁻³)	0.35, −0.22	0.21, −0.21
Computer programs: APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2008), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008 ), SHELXL2016/4 (Sheldrick, 2015 ), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012 ) and PLATON (Spek, 2009 ).

Supporting information

CCDC references: 1571498; 1571497

Crystal structure: contains datablocks global, I, II. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662/su5484sup1.cif

Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662/su5484Isup2.hkl

Structure factors: contains datablock II. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662/su5484IIsup3.hkl

Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662/su5484Isup4.cml

Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662/su5484IIsup5.cml

checkCIF report

Computing details top

For both structures, data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2016/4 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2016/4 (Sheldrick, 2015) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

4,4'-{[1,3-Phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) (I) top

Crystal data top

C₂₄H₂₂O₆	F(000) = 856
M_r = 406.41	D_x = 1.296 Mg m⁻³
Monoclinic, C2/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 11.7026 (3) Å	Cell parameters from 2595 reflections
b = 14.6628 (4) Å	θ = 2.3–28.4°
c = 12.7512 (3) Å	µ = 0.09 mm⁻¹
β = 107.863 (2)°	T = 293 K
V = 2082.54 (9) Å³	Block, colourless
Z = 4	0.26 × 0.19 × 0.11 mm

Data collection top

Bruker SMART APEXII area detector diffractometer	1497 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
ω and φ scans	R_int = 0.024
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008)	θ_max = 28.4°, θ_min = 2.3°
T_min = 0.753, T_max = 0.842	h = −15→15
10081 measured reflections	k = −13→19
2595 independent reflections	l = −17→16

Refinement top

Refinement on F²	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.052	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F²) = 0.178	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.05	w = 1/[σ²(F_o²) + (0.0852P)² + 0.5811P] where P = (F_o² + 2F_c²)/3
2595 reflections	(Δ/σ)_max < 0.001
138 parameters	Δρ_max = 0.35 e Å⁻³
0 restraints	Δρ_min = −0.22 e Å⁻³

Special details top

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	x	y	z	U_iso*/U_eq
O3	0.93872 (11)	0.15775 (9)	0.04447 (9)	0.0615 (4)
C10	0.94216 (16)	0.02577 (13)	0.15339 (13)	0.0541 (5)
C9	0.87534 (17)	0.07592 (13)	0.05044 (14)	0.0605 (5)
H9A	0.869121	0.038180	−0.013554	0.073*
H9B	0.794849	0.090322	0.051631	0.073*
C2	0.81181 (18)	0.33726 (15)	−0.21384 (14)	0.0668 (6)
C5	0.89059 (16)	0.21460 (13)	−0.04217 (12)	0.0550 (5)
C4	0.78416 (17)	0.19835 (14)	−0.12530 (14)	0.0632 (5)
H4	0.739281	0.146221	−0.124167	0.076*
C11	1.000000	0.07241 (18)	0.250000	0.0563 (6)
H11	1.000000	0.135837	0.250002	0.068*
O2	1.05928 (15)	0.30383 (11)	0.04307 (12)	0.0928 (6)
C3	0.74587 (18)	0.26096 (15)	−0.20991 (14)	0.0683 (6)
H3	0.673846	0.251044	−0.265279	0.082*
C6	0.95715 (17)	0.29375 (14)	−0.04386 (14)	0.0648 (5)
C12	0.94372 (17)	−0.06856 (13)	0.15437 (15)	0.0621 (5)
H12	0.906532	−0.100685	0.090051	0.075*
C13	1.000000	−0.1151 (2)	0.250000	0.0713 (8)
H13	1.000002	−0.178546	0.249999	0.086*
O1	0.81947 (19)	0.47012 (15)	−0.31880 (14)	0.1063 (7)
C7	0.91931 (18)	0.35402 (15)	−0.12987 (15)	0.0691 (6)
H7	0.964657	0.405581	−0.132429	0.083*
C1	0.7698 (2)	0.4010 (2)	−0.30609 (17)	0.0851 (7)
H1	0.698090	0.386782	−0.359846	0.102*
C8	1.1085 (3)	0.3927 (2)	0.0642 (3)	0.1509 (18)
H8A	1.137086	0.411446	0.004552	0.226*
H8B	1.173946	0.392483	0.131560	0.226*
H8C	1.047747	0.434366	0.070672	0.226*

Atomic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	U¹¹	U²²	U³³	U¹²	U¹³	U²³
O3	0.0645 (8)	0.0617 (8)	0.0401 (6)	−0.0032 (6)	−0.0109 (5)	0.0053 (5)
C10	0.0556 (10)	0.0551 (11)	0.0448 (8)	−0.0004 (8)	0.0052 (7)	−0.0028 (7)
C9	0.0664 (11)	0.0584 (12)	0.0413 (8)	−0.0049 (9)	−0.0060 (7)	−0.0057 (8)
C2	0.0714 (12)	0.0714 (14)	0.0412 (9)	0.0141 (10)	−0.0072 (8)	0.0046 (8)
C5	0.0586 (10)	0.0587 (11)	0.0342 (7)	0.0051 (9)	−0.0057 (7)	−0.0016 (7)
C4	0.0626 (11)	0.0659 (13)	0.0444 (9)	0.0019 (9)	−0.0082 (8)	−0.0051 (8)
C11	0.0637 (15)	0.0482 (15)	0.0437 (12)	0.000	−0.0031 (10)	0.000
O2	0.0826 (10)	0.0899 (12)	0.0666 (9)	−0.0222 (8)	−0.0352 (7)	0.0219 (7)
C3	0.0660 (12)	0.0761 (14)	0.0416 (9)	0.0075 (11)	−0.0145 (8)	−0.0031 (8)
C6	0.0623 (11)	0.0712 (14)	0.0420 (9)	−0.0009 (9)	−0.0119 (8)	0.0034 (8)
C12	0.0711 (12)	0.0556 (12)	0.0541 (10)	−0.0039 (9)	0.0110 (9)	−0.0113 (8)
C13	0.090 (2)	0.0497 (17)	0.0703 (17)	0.000	0.0194 (15)	0.000
O1	0.1169 (15)	0.0983 (14)	0.0792 (11)	0.0096 (11)	−0.0061 (10)	0.0360 (10)
C7	0.0709 (12)	0.0692 (13)	0.0496 (9)	−0.0004 (10)	−0.0076 (8)	0.0088 (9)
C1	0.0874 (16)	0.0919 (18)	0.0544 (11)	0.0155 (14)	−0.0100 (10)	0.0169 (11)
C8	0.156 (3)	0.125 (3)	0.102 (2)	−0.072 (2)	−0.063 (2)	0.0382 (19)

Geometric parameters (Å, º) top

O3—C5	1.360 (2)	C11—H11	0.9300
O3—C9	1.425 (2)	O2—C6	1.366 (2)
C10—C12	1.383 (3)	O2—C8	1.416 (3)
C10—C11	1.390 (2)	C3—H3	0.9300
C10—C9	1.499 (2)	C6—C7	1.372 (3)
C9—H9A	0.9700	C12—C13	1.376 (2)
C9—H9B	0.9700	C12—H12	0.9300
C2—C3	1.369 (3)	C13—C12ⁱ	1.376 (2)
C2—C7	1.401 (3)	C13—H13	0.9300
C2—C1	1.464 (3)	O1—C1	1.204 (3)
C5—C4	1.386 (2)	C7—H7	0.9300
C5—C6	1.402 (3)	C1—H1	0.9300
C4—C3	1.382 (3)	C8—H8A	0.9600
C4—H4	0.9300	C8—H8B	0.9600
C11—C10ⁱ	1.390 (2)	C8—H8C	0.9600

C5—O3—C9	117.82 (13)	C2—C3—H3	119.3
C12—C10—C11	118.85 (17)	C4—C3—H3	119.3
C12—C10—C9	120.03 (15)	O2—C6—C7	124.50 (19)
C11—C10—C9	121.09 (17)	O2—C6—C5	115.42 (16)
O3—C9—C10	108.65 (13)	C7—C6—C5	120.07 (16)
O3—C9—H9A	110.0	C13—C12—C10	120.36 (18)
C10—C9—H9A	110.0	C13—C12—H12	119.8
O3—C9—H9B	110.0	C10—C12—H12	119.8
C10—C9—H9B	110.0	C12—C13—C12ⁱ	120.5 (3)
H9A—C9—H9B	108.3	C12—C13—H13	119.7
C3—C2—C7	119.97 (17)	C12ⁱ—C13—H13	119.7
C3—C2—C1	119.81 (18)	C6—C7—C2	119.5 (2)
C7—C2—C1	120.2 (2)	C6—C7—H7	120.3
O3—C5—C4	124.52 (18)	C2—C7—H7	120.3
O3—C5—C6	115.23 (14)	O1—C1—C2	126.1 (2)
C4—C5—C6	120.25 (16)	O1—C1—H1	117.0
C3—C4—C5	118.9 (2)	C2—C1—H1	117.0
C3—C4—H4	120.6	O2—C8—H8A	109.5
C5—C4—H4	120.6	O2—C8—H8B	109.5
C10—C11—C10ⁱ	121.0 (2)	H8A—C8—H8B	109.5
C10—C11—H11	119.5	O2—C8—H8C	109.5
C10ⁱ—C11—H11	119.5	H8A—C8—H8C	109.5
C6—O2—C8	117.20 (18)	H8B—C8—H8C	109.5
C2—C3—C4	121.33 (16)

C5—O3—C9—C10	−178.26 (15)	O3—C5—C6—O2	−1.6 (3)
C12—C10—C9—O3	−145.60 (18)	C4—C5—C6—O2	178.78 (19)
C11—C10—C9—O3	36.5 (2)	O3—C5—C6—C7	177.39 (17)
C9—O3—C5—C4	−0.1 (3)	C4—C5—C6—C7	−2.2 (3)
C9—O3—C5—C6	−179.75 (17)	C11—C10—C12—C13	1.1 (3)
O3—C5—C4—C3	−178.96 (17)	C9—C10—C12—C13	−176.87 (16)
C6—C5—C4—C3	0.6 (3)	C10—C12—C13—C12ⁱ	−0.54 (13)
C12—C10—C11—C10ⁱ	−0.52 (13)	O2—C6—C7—C2	−179.0 (2)
C9—C10—C11—C10ⁱ	177.38 (19)	C5—C6—C7—C2	2.1 (3)
C7—C2—C3—C4	−1.2 (3)	C3—C2—C7—C6	−0.4 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4	178.6 (2)	C1—C2—C7—C6	179.8 (2)
C5—C4—C3—C2	1.1 (3)	C3—C2—C1—O1	180.0 (3)
C8—O2—C6—C7	20.4 (4)	C7—C2—C1—O1	−0.2 (4)
C8—O2—C6—C5	−160.7 (3)

Symmetry code: (i) −x+2, y, −z+1/2.

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top

Cg1 is the centroid of the C2–C7 ring.

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
C3—H3···O2ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.53	3.3723 (1)	151
C9—H9B···Cg1ⁱⁱⁱ	0.97	2.81	3.7808 (1)	144

Symmetry codes: (ii) x−1/2, −y+1/2, z−1/2; (iii) −x+3/2, −y+1/2, −z.

4,4'-{[(1,4-Phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) (II) top

Crystal data top

C₂₄H₂₂O₆	F(000) = 428
M_r = 406.41	D_x = 1.350 Mg m⁻³
Monoclinic, P2₁/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 12.6668 (5) Å	Cell parameters from 2488 reflections
b = 7.7470 (3) Å	θ = 1.6–28.4°
c = 10.4244 (4) Å	µ = 0.10 mm⁻¹
β = 102.126 (2)°	T = 296 K
V = 1000.12 (7) Å³	Block, colourless
Z = 2	0.24 × 0.19 × 0.14 mm

Data collection top

Bruker SMART APEXII area detector diffractometer	1764 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
ω and φ scans	R_int = 0.028
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008)	θ_max = 28.4°, θ_min = 1.6°
T_min = 0.741, T_max = 0.863	h = −16→11
9260 measured reflections	k = −10→10
2488 independent reflections	l = −13→13

Refinement top

Refinement on F²	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.057	H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F²) = 0.190	w = 1/[σ²(F_o²) + (0.067P)² + 0.6516P] where P = (F_o² + 2F_c²)/3
S = 1.14	(Δ/σ)_max < 0.001
2488 reflections	Δρ_max = 0.21 e Å⁻³
138 parameters	Δρ_min = −0.21 e Å⁻³
0 restraints	Extinction correction: (SHELXL-2016/4; Sheldrick, 2015), Fc^*=kFc[1+0.001xFc²λ³/sin(2θ)]^-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods	Extinction coefficient: 0.012 (4)

Special details top

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	x	y	z	U_iso*/U_eq
O2	0.30136 (14)	1.1675 (2)	0.5834 (2)	0.0541 (5)
O1	0.36397 (14)	0.9305 (2)	0.44499 (19)	0.0523 (5)
C6	0.23878 (19)	1.0232 (3)	0.5659 (2)	0.0420 (5)
C5	0.27247 (18)	0.8936 (3)	0.4887 (2)	0.0418 (5)
C7	0.14955 (19)	0.9951 (3)	0.6183 (2)	0.0443 (6)
H7	0.127746	1.079201	0.670885	0.053*
C4	0.2124 (2)	0.7427 (3)	0.4619 (3)	0.0477 (6)
H4	0.233030	0.658649	0.408429	0.057*
C2	0.09122 (19)	0.8417 (3)	0.5933 (2)	0.0450 (6)
O3	−0.05970 (18)	0.6894 (3)	0.6395 (2)	0.0730 (7)
C3	0.1222 (2)	0.7173 (3)	0.5146 (3)	0.0493 (6)
H3	0.082419	0.616013	0.496873	0.059*
C10	0.45132 (19)	0.6482 (3)	0.4372 (2)	0.0421 (5)
C9	0.4032 (2)	0.8059 (3)	0.3651 (3)	0.0543 (7)
H9A	0.457346	0.860256	0.325172	0.065*
H9B	0.343984	0.770853	0.294866	0.065*
C11	0.5138 (2)	0.6577 (3)	0.5620 (3)	0.0520 (7)
H11	0.523957	0.763637	0.604812	0.062*
C1	−0.0040 (2)	0.8164 (4)	0.6514 (3)	0.0582 (7)
H1	−0.022677	0.906265	0.701458	0.070*
C8	0.2642 (3)	1.3100 (3)	0.6471 (4)	0.0684 (9)
H8A	0.193267	1.342179	0.600621	0.103*
H8B	0.312586	1.405680	0.648261	0.103*
H8C	0.261680	1.278595	0.735459	0.103*
C12	0.4386 (2)	0.4880 (3)	0.3760 (3)	0.0526 (7)
H12	0.397133	0.479111	0.291377	0.063*

Atomic displacement parameters (Å²) top

	U¹¹	U²²	U³³	U¹²	U¹³	U²³
O2	0.0558 (10)	0.0340 (9)	0.0740 (13)	−0.0046 (7)	0.0172 (9)	−0.0053 (8)
O1	0.0537 (10)	0.0376 (9)	0.0721 (12)	0.0043 (8)	0.0280 (9)	0.0017 (8)
C6	0.0461 (12)	0.0313 (11)	0.0468 (13)	0.0027 (9)	0.0058 (10)	0.0020 (9)
C5	0.0441 (12)	0.0339 (11)	0.0487 (13)	0.0048 (9)	0.0128 (10)	0.0057 (9)
C7	0.0468 (12)	0.0398 (12)	0.0473 (13)	0.0049 (10)	0.0124 (10)	−0.0013 (10)
C4	0.0538 (14)	0.0333 (12)	0.0562 (15)	0.0038 (10)	0.0123 (11)	−0.0059 (10)
C2	0.0458 (12)	0.0413 (12)	0.0476 (13)	0.0020 (10)	0.0087 (10)	0.0062 (10)
O3	0.0699 (13)	0.0722 (14)	0.0826 (15)	−0.0165 (11)	0.0287 (11)	0.0099 (12)
C3	0.0470 (13)	0.0375 (12)	0.0618 (16)	−0.0029 (10)	0.0076 (11)	0.0005 (11)
C10	0.0430 (12)	0.0393 (12)	0.0491 (13)	0.0012 (9)	0.0214 (10)	−0.0006 (10)
C9	0.0628 (16)	0.0485 (14)	0.0588 (16)	0.0096 (12)	0.0293 (13)	0.0075 (12)
C11	0.0605 (15)	0.0379 (13)	0.0584 (16)	0.0008 (11)	0.0143 (12)	−0.0130 (11)
C1	0.0573 (16)	0.0614 (17)	0.0589 (16)	−0.0015 (13)	0.0188 (13)	0.0042 (13)
C8	0.0711 (19)	0.0353 (13)	0.097 (2)	0.0009 (13)	0.0129 (17)	−0.0173 (14)
C12	0.0568 (15)	0.0518 (15)	0.0462 (14)	0.0042 (12)	0.0041 (11)	−0.0081 (11)

Geometric parameters (Å, º) top

O2—C6	1.361 (3)	C3—H3	0.9300
O2—C8	1.418 (3)	C10—C11	1.375 (4)
O1—C5	1.362 (3)	C10—C12	1.390 (3)
O1—C9	1.431 (3)	C10—C9	1.495 (3)
C6—C7	1.372 (3)	C9—H9A	0.9700
C6—C5	1.408 (3)	C9—H9B	0.9700
C5—C4	1.390 (3)	C11—C12ⁱ	1.376 (4)
C7—C2	1.395 (3)	C11—H11	0.9300
C7—H7	0.9300	C1—H1	0.9300
C4—C3	1.382 (4)	C8—H8A	0.9600
C4—H4	0.9300	C8—H8B	0.9600
C2—C3	1.375 (4)	C8—H8C	0.9600
C2—C1	1.472 (4)	C12—C11ⁱ	1.376 (4)
O3—C1	1.202 (3)	C12—H12	0.9300

C6—O2—C8	117.4 (2)	C12—C10—C9	120.2 (2)
C5—O1—C9	118.51 (19)	O1—C9—C10	114.4 (2)
O2—C6—C7	125.6 (2)	O1—C9—H9A	108.7
O2—C6—C5	115.1 (2)	C10—C9—H9A	108.7
C7—C6—C5	119.2 (2)	O1—C9—H9B	108.7
O1—C5—C4	125.3 (2)	C10—C9—H9B	108.7
O1—C5—C6	115.0 (2)	H9A—C9—H9B	107.6
C4—C5—C6	119.7 (2)	C10—C11—C12ⁱ	120.6 (2)
C6—C7—C2	120.6 (2)	C10—C11—H11	119.7
C6—C7—H7	119.7	C12ⁱ—C11—H11	119.7
C2—C7—H7	119.7	O3—C1—C2	125.5 (3)
C3—C4—C5	120.2 (2)	O3—C1—H1	117.3
C3—C4—H4	119.9	C2—C1—H1	117.3
C5—C4—H4	119.9	O2—C8—H8A	109.5
C3—C2—C7	120.1 (2)	O2—C8—H8B	109.5
C3—C2—C1	120.9 (2)	H8A—C8—H8B	109.5
C7—C2—C1	119.0 (2)	O2—C8—H8C	109.5
C2—C3—C4	120.0 (2)	H8A—C8—H8C	109.5
C2—C3—H3	120.0	H8B—C8—H8C	109.5
C4—C3—H3	120.0	C11ⁱ—C12—C10	121.4 (2)
C11—C10—C12	118.0 (2)	C11ⁱ—C12—H12	119.3
C11—C10—C9	121.7 (2)	C10—C12—H12	119.3

C8—O2—C6—C7	−8.4 (4)	C6—C7—C2—C1	180.0 (2)
C8—O2—C6—C5	172.7 (2)	C7—C2—C3—C4	1.2 (4)
C9—O1—C5—C4	−0.1 (4)	C1—C2—C3—C4	−179.4 (2)
C9—O1—C5—C6	−179.6 (2)	C5—C4—C3—C2	0.3 (4)
O2—C6—C5—O1	1.2 (3)	C5—O1—C9—C10	−71.7 (3)
C7—C6—C5—O1	−177.7 (2)	C11—C10—C9—O1	−39.0 (3)
O2—C6—C5—C4	−178.3 (2)	C12—C10—C9—O1	144.6 (2)
C7—C6—C5—C4	2.8 (3)	C12—C10—C11—C12ⁱ	−0.5 (4)
O2—C6—C7—C2	179.8 (2)	C9—C10—C11—C12ⁱ	−176.9 (2)
C5—C6—C7—C2	−1.3 (3)	C3—C2—C1—O3	2.0 (4)
O1—C5—C4—C3	178.3 (2)	C7—C2—C1—O3	−178.5 (3)
C6—C5—C4—C3	−2.3 (4)	C11—C10—C12—C11ⁱ	0.5 (4)
C6—C7—C2—C3	−0.6 (4)	C9—C10—C12—C11ⁱ	177.0 (2)

Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1.

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
C7—H7···O3ⁱⁱ	0.93	2.47	3.338 (1)	156
C12—H12···O2ⁱⁱⁱ	0.93	2.52	3.399 (1)	157

Symmetry codes: (ii) −x, y+1/2, −z+3/2; (iii) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2.

Acknowledgements

The authors thank TBI X–ray facility, CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, India for the data collection.

References

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Volume 75| Part 6| June 2019| Pages 875-879

https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989019006662

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research communications\(\def\hfill{\hskip 5em}\def\hfil{\hskip 3em}\def\eqno#1{\hfil {#1}}\)

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 4,4′-{[1,3-phenyl­enebis(methyl­ene)]bis­­(­­oxy)}bis­­(3-meth­­oxy­benzaldehyde) and 4,4′-{[(1,4-phenyl­ene­bis­(methyl­ene)]bis­­(­­oxy)}bis­­(3-meth­­oxy­benzalde­hyde)

1. Chemical context

2. Structural commentary

3. Supra­molecular features

4. Hirshfeld surface analysis

5. Database survey

6. Synthesis and crystallization

7. Refinement

Supporting information

Acknowledgements

References

research communications

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 4,4′-{[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde) and 4,4′-{[(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(oxy)}bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde)

3. Supramolecular features