Figure 5
Evolution of the optical image with polarized light of an ice single crystal confined within a refrigerated cell and submitted to an external load imposed by the moving upper blade. (a) The initial state, t = 0, then σ = 0.25 MPa at (b) t = 0 h 40 min, (c) t = 1 h 30 min, (d) t = 4 h 45 min and (e) t = 13 h 30 min. (f) Magnification of the grain-boundary area. |