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Figure 2
Isosurfaces [{\cal G}] for reflection [l = 1] in two- and three-dimensional PS in (a) and (b), respectively, with highlighted asymmetric parts [{\cal A}^{2}] and [{\cal A}^{3}]. The black continuous line in (a) and solid surface in (b) represent the instance of the isosurface with the positive sign [[s(l) = +1]]. The black dashed line in (a) and wireframe in (b) represent the negative instance [[s(l) = -1]]. The blue shaded regions represent [{\cal A}^{2}] and [{\cal A}^{3}] of [{\cal P}^{2}] and [{\cal P}^{3}], respectively, and contain the contributions from both [s(l) = \pm 1]. However, the knowledge or selection of s(l) of the amplitude further restricts [{\cal A}^{2}] and [{\cal A}^{3}], reducing the volume by a factor of two via the zero [{\cal G}\, [l,g(l) = 0]] isosurface represented by the green dashed line in [{\cal P}^{2}] and wireframe in [{\cal P}^{3}].

Journal logoJOURNAL OF
APPLIED
CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
ISSN: 1600-5767
Volume 58| Part 3| June 2025| Pages 768-788
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576725001955
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