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Figure 2
Experimental procedure allowing the computation of textural information for a natural clay system based on (A) sample mapping and acquisition on a properly prepared thin section with transmission 2D-XRD, generating (B) individual 2D-XRD patterns. Such patterns can be radially integrated along the Q vector, or azimuthally integrated along τ. Radial integration allows computation of a classical (C) 1D-XRD profile that allows the selection of 001 reflection peaks belonging to clay minerals [chlorite–smectite (C/S), mica (M) and kaolinite (K)]. Limits of peak integration (Qmin and Qmax) can thus be defined, as well as background (bkg) width to individualize diffraction peaks from background. This selection is therefore repeated at every τ step to integrate signal and compute (D) the mineral orientation distribution, exemplified here in green for mica, where the parametrized MEM is fitted (red) to compute 〈P2〉 and δ. Geometrical detector features (tiles) appear here as gray areas on the pattern. Finally, computed parameters can be represented as a color-coded map as a function of their value.

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