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Figure 2
(Top left) The number of photons per pulse incident on the sample (Nph,pulse) as a function of pulse duration. (Bottom left) The number of detected photons per diffraction pattern (Nph,det). (Top right) The square of the average number of bound electrons in the sample molecule ([N_{\rm e, bound}^{2}]) in the middle of the pulse. (Bottom right) The scattering efficiency Nph,det/Nph,pulse. The decrease in Ne,bound as a consequence of ionization processes results in a reduced scattering efficiency with increasing pulse duration. Nevertheless, the total number of detected photons increases, since the longer pulses contain more photons.

IUCrJ
Volume 4| Part 5| September 2017| Pages 560-568
ISSN: 2052-2525
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052252517009496