Crystal structure, interaction energies and experimental electron density of the popular drug ketoprophen

This work is dedicated to our dear colleague Professor Dr Dietmar Stalke on the occassion of his 60th birthday.

The crystal and molecular structure of the pure (S)-enantiomer of the popular analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug ketoprophen (α-ket) is reported. A detailed aspherical charge-density model based on high-resolution X-ray diffraction data has been refined, yielding a high-precision geometric description and classification of the O—H⋯O interactions as medium strength hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure of the racemic form of ketoprophen (β-ket) was also redetermined at 100 K, at 0.5 Å resolution. A previously unreported disorder (10% occupancy) was discovered. In contrast to the racemic β-ket case, the (S)-enantiomer crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit with two distinct conformations. The major difference between the β-ket and α-ket crystal forms lies in the formation of distinct hydrogen-bonded motifs: a closed ring motif in β-ket versus infinite chains of hydrogen bonds in the chiral α-ket structure. However, the overall crystal packing of both forms is surprisingly similar, with close-packed layers of antiparallel-oriented benzo­phenone moieties bound by C—H⋯π interactions. Notably, the most important stabilizing term in the total lattice energies in both instances proved to be the dispersion related to these interactions. Both forms of the title compound (α- and β-ket) were additionally characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.

1. Introduction

Ketoprophen (Figs. 1 and 2) belongs to the family of propionic acid derivatives and because of its specific pharmaceutical properties has found practical application as one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Kantor, 1986). It is available in many countries, in various forms, under different brand names (Ketonal, Orudis, Ketoflam, Ketomex, Oruvail and others) and is prescribed majorly for treatment of chronic or acute pain (Moore et al., 1998).

Figure 1 Structure of ketoprophen, (RS)-2-(3-benzoyl­phenyl)propionic acid, with numbering of the aromatic ring atoms.

Figure 2 Single crystals of (a) β-ket and (b) α-ket.

Generally, inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclo­oxygenase-2 enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) (Hutt & Caldwell, 1984) such as ketoprophen have a propionic acid core structure. Notably, ketoprophen has two enantiomers which exhibit significantly different biological activity. The (R)-enantiomer inhibits cyclo­oxygenase quite weakly, and its analgesic effect depends on bioinversion to the (S)-form after ingestion (Aberg et al., 1995). For the above reason, the pure (S)-enantiomer, or the racemic mixture, is preferred for pharmaceutical applications (Beltrán et al., 1998). Ketoprophen can also be an interesting object of studies involving polymorphism, crystal structure prediction or crystal engineering (Schultheiss & Newman, 2009). A detailed search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD version 5.37) revealed that until now, only the structure of the racemic mixture has been deposited and described (Briard & Rossi, 1990). The lack of structures of pure enantiomers, especially the (S)-enantiomer, is quite surprising, considering its pharmaceutical importance. As in the case of a great number of other pharmaceuticals, existing crystallographic studies are based on the independent atom model (IAM), which assumes sphericity of atoms and neglects quantitative charge-density details (Coppens, 1997). However, the specific pharmaceutical properties of chemical compounds may also depend on their electronic properties. What is essential, information about details of electron density, is inaccessible in the case of routine crystallographic studies (Espinosa et al., 1999). In order to obtain improved molecular geometries and quantitative distributions of charge densities in the crystal, high-resolution crystallographic data must be obtained and an experimental charge-density analysis must be performed (Gryl et al., 2011). Approaches of this type offer a better understanding of the role of molecular interactions in the crystal structure and allow analysis of the electrostatic properties of the compounds which may be linked to their specific biological activity (Schmidtmann et al., 2009). The results of our studies combine a detailed description of both the racemic mixture and the (S)-enantiomer of ketoprophen, a topological charge-density analysis and a detailed description of the molecular interactions occurring in the crystal structure of both forms. The crystal and molecular structure of the (S)-enantiomer will be described here for the first time and the interactions that stabilize its crystal structure will be compared with those present in the enantiomeric form. Both forms of the compound were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

2. Experimental

2.1. Materials

Two single-crystal specimens were examined (Fig. 2). The (S)-ketoprophen was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (batch No. 471909). An appropriate single crystal was selected directly from the commercial reagent and named α-ket [the (S)-enantiomer]. In the case of the racemic form, good-quality single crystals were obtained after recrystallization of the contents of a `Ketonal' capsule (Novartis, β-ket). The structure of (RS)-ketoprophen from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD refcode: KEMRUP) was also compared with our current results. A racemic mixture of the title compound for thermoanalytical research was purchased from Abcam.

2.2. Crystal structure determination

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data for α-ket and β-ket were collected on a Bruker Apex II CCD diffractometer (Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, WI, USA) using a rotating anode X-ray source (Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å) equipped with Oxford Cryosystem nitro­gen gas-flow apparatus and mirror optics. The data were collected at 100 K. The frames were integrated with the Bruker SAINT (Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, WI, USA) software package using a narrow-frame algorithm and corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects. Absorption effects were corrected using a numerical method for α-ket and a multi-scan method for β-ket. The data for α-ket were merged using SORTAV (Blessing, 1995). The structures were solved using direct methods (Sheldrick, 1990) and refined with SHELXL (Sheldrick, 2008) within the graphical interface of OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009). The hydrogen atoms were discernable on the Fourier maps and refined using the riding-atom approximation for the C—H and O—H groups. For β-ket, some restraints and constraints were used (e.g. FLAT, SADI, RIGU and SIMU) to model slight disorder (occupancy < 0.1) in the propionic moiety. Rigid-body (RIGU) restraints were imposed on the fragment from C1C to C10C and also for the O1C, O2C and O3C atoms, with an uncertainty of 0.001 Å (Thorn et al., 2012). For the fragment from the C1C atom to the C6C atom, the planarity restraint (FLAT) was used with an uncertainty of 0.1 Å. The distances C3A–C2A and C3C—C2C, C2A—C1A and C2C—C1C, C6A—C1A and C6C—C1C, C6A—C5A and C6C—C5C, C5A—C4A and C5C—C4C, C4A—C3A and C4C—C3C, C8A—C1A and C8C—C1C, C8A—C10A and C8C—C10C, C7A—C3A and C7C—C3C, and O3A—C7A and O3C—C7C were restrained to be similar (SADI) with an uncertainty of 0.002 Å. Anisotropic displacement parameters were also restrained to be similar (SIMU) for atoms from C8A to C10A, and for O1A and O2A. An illustration of the labelling scheme for the molecule with the disordered fragment is attached in the supporting information (Fig. S1).

The structure of α-ket was also refined with a transferable aspherical atom model (TAAM) for electron density, using XD2016 (Volkov et al., 2016). Specific atom types from the University of Buffalo Databank (UBDB) (Jarzembska & Dominiak, 2012) were transferred using LSDB (Volkov et al., 2004). The atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) for hydrogen atoms were estimated using SHADE3 (Madsen, 2006) and the X—H distances were averaged values taken from neutron diffraction (Allen & Bruno, 2010). In the TAAM refinement, the scale factor, atomic positions and ADPs for the non-hydrogen atoms, as well as the valence populations for all the atoms were varied. Applied weights were imported from the SHELX refinement. The selected structural information is given in Table 1. Detailed structural information is available in the supplementary CIFs [see also CCDC references: 1824624 (β-ket), 1824625 and 1824626 (α-ket)]. Unrestrained refinement of the aspherical charge-density model was not attempted because of the limited resolution of X-ray data obtained. The resulting charge-density model is characterized by relatively low residual density values (0.30/−0.29 e Å⁻³) and a random distribution of residual density features (Fig. S3).

Table 1
Crystallographic information for the analysed compounds

Compound	KEMRUP	β-Ket	α-Ket
Crystal system	Triclinic	Triclinic	Orthorhombic
Formula	C16H14O3	C16H14O3	C16H14O3
T (K)	RT	100	100
Space group			P212121
a (Å)	6.136 (2)	6.0671 (4)	6.1130 (5)
b (Å)	7.741 (3)	7.5611 (5)	7.3809 (6)
c (Å)	13.893 (8)	13.8523 (9)	55.524 (5)
α (°)	88.78 (4)	92.078 (3)	90
β (°)	94.56 (4)	93.838 (2)	90
γ (°)	89.61 (3)	90.994 (3)	90
V (Å^3)	657.639	633.493	2505.2 (4)
Z	2	2	8
R factor (%)	6.61	3.73	6.12
Resolution (Å)	–	0.5	0.5
ρcalc(g cm^−3)	1.28	1.333	1.348
μ (mm^−1)	0.726	0.092	0.093
F(000)	268	268.0	1072.0
Wavelength (Å)	1.5418	0.71073	0.71073
Rint (%)		2.91	3.89
SHELX refinement
No. of parameters	–	282	347
R(F) all	–	0.0487	0.1113
wR2	0.067	0.1202	0.1604
GoF	–	1.044	1.073
Highest peak/hole (e Å^−3)	0.28/−0.29	0.67/-0.35	0.61/−0.39
TAAM refinement
R(F)	–	–	0.0382
R(F2)	–	–	0.0471
wR2	–	–	0.0984
GoF	–	–	1.4443
R.m.s. β-ket vs α-ket (e Å^−3)	–	–	0.059
Highest peak/hole (e Å^−3)	–	–	0.30/−0.29

2.3. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry

TGA/DSC measurements were performed using Mettler-Toledo TGA/DSC STAR^e system: the racemic mixture and (S)-enantiomer samples weighing 7.15 and 7.74 mg, respectively, were ground using an agate mortar and pestle and placed in standard alumina 70 µl crucibles (covered with alumina lids with pinholes) and heated at a rate of 10°C min⁻¹ under a dry N₂ atmosphere at a constant flow (50 ml min⁻¹) over the range 25–700°C. Obtained data were analysed using STAR^e (Mettler, Toledo). As the crystallization process gave a very limited yield of single crystals, TGA/DSC analysis of the racemic form of the title compound was performed using (RS)-ketoprophen reagent purchased from Abcam.

2.4. Computational calculations

Periodic geometry calculations were carried out after IAM refinement for β-ket (major and minor molecules) and after TAAM refinement for the geometry of α-ket with Crystal09 (Dovesi, Orlando et al., 2009; Dovesi, Saunders et al., 2009) using DFT with the B3LYP functional and 6-31 d1G (Gatti et al., 1994) basis set, and the crystal lattice and dimer interaction energies were calculated with Grimme dispersion (Grimme, 2004, 2006) and BSSE correction (Boys & Bernardi, 1970) applied. The crystal lattice and dimer interaction energies were also computed with PIXEL (Gavezzotti, 2003a,b, 2002, 2005) at MP2/6-31G** level of theory for both α-ket and β-ket using the coordinates obtained from geometry optimization from Crystal09. The total interaction energy was divided into four components: electrostatic, dispersion, repulsion and polarization. Intermolecular interaction energies and the resulting energy frameworks were also calculated using CrystalExplorer17 (Turner et al., 2017) using the B3LYP functional and 6-31 G(d,p) basis set (Turner et al., 2015).

3. Results and discussion

3.1. Structural information

KEMRUP and β-ket crystallized in the space group with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. For the β-ket molecule, disorder was observed in the propionic acid moiety (Fig. S1). The minor site had only ∼10% occupancy and therefore was refined with numerous restraints, resulting in a less reliable geometry. Hence, we will limit further discussion to the major conformer. The conformational differences between the major β-ket conformer and KEMRUP are illustrated in Fig. 3(a).

Figure 3 The conformational differences visualized by superpositions of molecules: (a) KEMRUP and β-ket, (b) β-ket and α-ket molecule A, and (c) β-ket and α-ket molecule B. RMSD values [calculated in Mercury (version 3.8; Macrae et al., 2006)] are equal to (a) 0.0795, (b) 0.7174 and (c) 1.1643 Å.

The geometrical parameters of the β-ket and KEMRUP molecules are almost identical (RMSD = 0.0795 Å). The deposited KEMRUP structure is missing one hydrogen atom which should be connected to the C15 atom. For further analysis, especially quantitative analysis of intermolecular interactions, the major conformer of our β-ket structure was used.

The α-ket crystallized in the chiral P2₁2₁2₁ space group with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The lengths of the a and b crystal axes were very similar in both crystal forms, while the length of c in α-ket was almost exactly four times the c length in β-ket (Table 1). Taking into account that the cell angles in triclinic β-ket were very close to orthorhombic 90°, certain similarities in the crystal packing of α-ket and β-ket can be expected. The molecular structures with the atom labelling scheme are presented in Fig. 4.

Figure 4 Molecular structures with atom labelling schemes. Atomic displacement parameters are drawn at the 50% probability level for (a) the α-ket molecule A, (b) the α-ket molecule B and (c) the β-ket major conformer. Atomic displacement parameters for H atoms of α-ket were estimated using SHADE3.

The conformational differences between β-ket major and the α-ket molecules A and B are shown in Figs. 2(b) and 2(c), respectively. The selected torsion-angle parameters and ring I and II dihedral-angle values for KEMRUP, β-ket and α-ket are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2
Selected torsion-angle parameters (°) and the relative dihedral angles (°) of rings I and II

Dihedral angles were calculated using Mercury (3.8; Macrae et al., 2006).

Compound	C10—C8—C1—C2	C9—C8—C1—C6	C6—C1—C3—C16	Ring I and II dihedral
KEMRUP	–116.1 (5)	–55.6 (6)	67.0 (5)	52.7
β-Ket	–117.3 (4)	–57.1 (5)	65.7 (5)	51.9
α-Ket mol. A	–121.0 (1)	–65.5 (2)	–66.5 (2)	50.4
α-Ket mol. B	130.6 (1)	70.0 (2)	66.2 (2)	51.0

The ketoprophen two-ring system was not planar in any crystal form and the dihedral angle between the planes containing rings I and II was around 51.5° irrespective of the crystal form (Table 2). The propionic acid fragment and the methyl group were twisted in opposite directions with respect to ring I in α-ket (Table 2). The geometry of the α-ket A molecule was much more similar to β-ket than the α-ket B molecule, as illustrated by the respective overlays of molecular structures (Figs. 3b and 3c). The conformational differences between the β-ket minor and the α-ket molecules A and B are shown in Figs. S2(a) and S2(b) of the supporting information. The bond lengths and angles describing the geometry of α-ket were very similar to those of the already deposited (RS)-ketoprophen (Table 3). All C=O bonds were around ∼1.21 Å, which is a typical value for these bonds. The bond lengths for C—O (∼1.31 Å) were slightly shorter than the typical C—O bond length (∼1.37 Å) (Madsen et al., 1998). More detailed geometrical information can be found in the supplementary CIFs [see also CSD references: 1824624 (β-ket), 1824625 and 1824626 (α-ket)].

Table 3
Selected bond lengths (Å) for both crystal forms of investigated compound

Ket (CSD)		α-Ket (mol. A)		α-Ket (mol. B)		β-Ket (major conformer)		β-Ket (minor conformer)
O1—C10	1.248 (6)	O1—C10A	1.211 (2)	O1B—C10B	1.213 (2)	O1A—C10A	1.2304 (6)	O2C—C10C	1.24 (2)
O2—C10	1.254 (6)	O2A—C10A	1.316 (2)	O2B—C10B	1.318 (1)	O2A—C10A	1.3061 (6)	O1C—C10C	1.31 (2)
O3—C7	1.218 (5)	O3A—C7A	1.214 (2)	O3B—C7B	1.216 (2)	O3A—C7A	1.2245 (6)	O3C—C7C	1.225 (2)
O2—H6	1.024	O2A—H2A	1.012 (1)	O2B—H2B	1.011 (1)	O2A—H2A	0.90 (1)	O2C—H2C	0.840
C1—C6	1.385 (7)	C1A—C6A	1.400 (2)	C1B—C6B	1.400 (1)	C1A—C6A	1.4015 (6)	C1C—C6C	1.39 (1)
C1—C8	1.532 (6)	C1A—C8A	1.523 (2)	C1B—C8B	1.525 (2)	C1A—C8A	1.5222 (6)	C1C—C8C	1.523 (2)
C8—C9	1.519 (9)	C8A—C9A	1.529 (2)	C8B—C9B	1.528 (2)	C8A—C9A	1.5311 (7)	C8C—C9C	1.50 (2)
C8—C10	1.516 (7)	C8A—C10A	1.514 (2)	C8B—C10B	1.514 (2)	C8A—C10A	1.5103 (6)	C8C—C10C	1.511 (2)

In the β-ket crystal structure, the molecules involved in the O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds were arranged in a ring motif R₂²(8 ) (Etter et al., 1990) (Fig. 5) and created a C(5) chain (Etter et al., 1990) of C=O⋯H interactions in the [100] direction with an O⋯O distance of 2.6236 (6) Å and an O⋯H distance of 2.6606 Å. This crystal structure can be divided into layers in the [100] crystallographic direction with a very interesting arrangement; each consecutive layer has alternately directed molecules, related by the centre of inversion −x + 1, −y + 1, −z + 1 (Fig. 6). Interlayer interactions were dominated by C—H⋯π contacts with a distance of 3.952 Å.

Figure 5 Hydrogen-bonded motifs for (a) α-ket and (b) β-ket. Symmetry codes: (iv) −x + 1, y − 1/2, z − 3/2; (v) −x + 2, −y + 1, −z.

Figure 6 Crystal structure stabilizing interactions in (a) β-ket and (b) α-ket marked as a light-blue line between the layers. The distance was measured between the average planes of the subsequent molecular layers perpendicular to the [010] direction.

The crystal packing of α-ket was controlled by O—H⋯O intermolecular interactions and was stabilized by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π close contacts. Molecules A and B formed alternately arranged comb-like layers in the crystal structure (Fig. 5), creating C(4) chains (Etter et al., 1990) of hydrogen bonds along the [100] and [010] crystallographic directions, respectively, with O⋯O distances of 2.698 (2) and 2.659 (2) Å. There were also C—O⋯H contacts observed between A molecules and between B molecules, with O⋯H distances of 2.6468 and 2.6093 Å, respectively. It is worth noting that the global arrangement was very similar to the β-ket crystal structure; there were also layers with C—H⋯π contacts between them, the shortest interlayer distance being 3.447 Å (Fig. 6). However, the molecules were not related by a centre of inversion, instead the A and B molecules appear in an alternating pattern. Additional short contacts between the propionic acid moiety and aromatic ring I also occurred.

3.2. Hirshfeld surface analysis

Hirshfeld surfaces of molecules (Spackman & Jayatilaka, 2009) in the crystal were obtained by partitioning space into regions such that a contribution from a given region to the electron density of the crystal derived from the sum of the spherical atoms of a given molecule (promolecule) prevails over the contributions from electron density of any other molecule in the crystal (procrystal). A point in space belongs to the Hirshfeld surface when the promolecule contribution of electron density at this point is equal to the corresponding total electron density of the procrystal. This encloses a region around the molecule where the molecular weight function w(r) ≥ 0.5,

Mapping of interatomic contacts on the Hirshfeld surface was possible with a pair of parameters, d_i and d_e. The mentioned parameters were the closest distances from the Hirshfeld surface to the atom nucleus located inside the surface d_i (internal), or outside the surface d_e (external) (McKinnon et al., 2004).

The qualitative and quantitative intermolecular contacts that occur in the crystal can be visualized using a two-dimensional fingerprints plot (Spackman & McKinnon, 2002). These fingerprint plots can help to quickly pinpoint subtle differences in crystal packing between compared crystal structures. Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots for the β-ket major conformer and for two molecules of α-ket are shown in Fig. 7 (detailed information is present in Figs. S5–S12). The crystal structures of both forms of ketoprophen were dominated by weak van der Waals interactions. Two-dimensional fingerprint plots illustrate in a concise way the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure. For all molecules, the C—H⋯π contacts were not clearly associated with the centroid of the benzene ring and this is illustrated as yellow spots around the rings on the d_e surface, slightly shifted to the left or to the right relative to the centre of the ring. These interactions are observable on the fingerprint plots as characteristic `wings'. The positions of the wings clearly indicate that the C—H⋯π contacts were slightly longer in the β-ket major conformer (d_C⋯H ∼2.8 Å) than in α-ket for both the A and B molecules (d_C⋯H ∼2.73 Å). The short H⋯H interactions are represented by a small spike on the two-dimensional fingerprint plot around 1.03 or 1.1 Å, where d_e is almost equal to d_i for A or B molecules and the major conformer of β-ket, respectively. For these crystalline forms, the π⋯π interactions in the crystal were absent. A characteristic of the π⋯π interactions in the two-dimensional fingerprint plots was a feature around d_e = d_i ≃ 1.7–1.8 Å and for both forms this feature was shifted to almost 2 Å; this is denoted in red in Fig. 7(c). The shapes of the Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint plots for the crystal structures were very similar. In both cases, each molecule participated in two equivalent hydrogen bonds. The Hirshfeld surface area mapped onto d_e for the hydrogen bonds was located near the carb­oxy­lic acid groups. A large red spot appears for the hydrogen acceptors and a small yellow or orange-red spot is present for the donor (McKinnon et al., 2004) in Fig. 7. For both forms, this region on the Hirshfeld surface differs considerably. For the major conformer of the β-ket molecule, this area characteristically reflects the cyclic hydrogen bonds – the dots for the acceptors and donors of the hydrogen atom are adjacent. This feature was not observed for the A and B molecules of α-ket. The two-dimensional fingerprint plots (Fig. 7) contain the expected hydrogen-bonding sharp spikes, and for the major conformer of β-ket, a diffuse area of points between these spikes was present with a shortest contact near 2.4 Å (Fig. 7a). These points correspond to the very close H⋯H contacts across the hydrogen-bonded motif. The fingerprint plot of the major conformer of β-ket showed an unambiguously shorter hydrogen bond (d_H⋯O ∼1.62 Å) than in the A and B molecules of α-ket (d_H⋯O ∼1.72 Å). The spikes in molecule B were broader than in molecule A. The summation of the percentage contribution to the Hirshfeld surface area for intermolecular contacts is present in Fig. 8. These numbers illustrate a great similarity of the studied structures. The biggest percentage contributions to the Hirshfeld surface were the H⋯H, O⋯H and C⋯H contacts.

Figure 7 Hirshfeld surfaces mapped onto de and two-dimensional fingerprint plots for the ketoprophen crystal structures of α-ket and β-ket (intermolecular contacts are closer than the sum of their van der Waals radii are highlighted in red on the de surface, longer contacts are blue and contacts around this sum are green).

Figure 8 Percentage contributions to the Hirshfeld surface area of the intermolecular contacts for α-ket and β-ket.

3.3. Topological charge-density analysis

The critical points for bonds, rings and hydrogen bonds in α-ket were searched using XD2016 and are shown in Fig. S13, and selected values are listed in Tables 4 and 5 (a full list of bond critical point (BCP) values is given in Table S1). For the benzene ring, the ρ_BCP for C—C bonds ranged from 2.072 to 2.110 e Å⁻³ and the ρ_BCP from −17.188 to −18.146 e Å⁻⁵. These are similar to literature values obtained both experimentally (Jeffrey & Piniella, 2012) and theoretically (Bader, 1994). The ring critical points were located in the centres of all the rings. The critical-point properties for the C—H bonds from both methyl groups were very similar to the C—H bonds from the benzene ring. The small ellipticity (around 0.01–0.02) of these bonds highlights their single-bond nature. From a chemical point of view, the C3A—C7A, C7A—C11A, C3B—C7B and C7B—C11B bonds should be single. The values of ρ_BCP and ellipticity for all these bonds are smaller than for C—C in the benzene ring. However, ε is larger than for formal single bonds (ε = 0.09 in all cases), which is expected for atoms linked with an unsaturated system (Bader et al., 1983). For the C7A—O3A and C7B—O3B bonds, the ρ_BCP had a value around 2.823 e Å⁻³ and ρ_BCP ranges from −23.573 to −24.026 e Å⁻⁵. However, the ellipticity of these bonds (ε = 0.02) was lower than expected for double bonds. The examination of the interactions in the crystal structure suggested a transfer of electrons between the benzene rings and the C=O group. For the C1A—C8A, C8A—C9A, C8A—C10A, C1B—C8B, C8B—C9B and C8B—C10B bonds, ρ_BCP was in the range from 1.590 to 1.767 e Å⁻³ and the ρ_BCP from −10.722 to −13.813 e Å⁻⁵. The ellipticities for these bonds were equal to zero, except for the C8A—C10A and C8B—C10B bonds (where ε = 0.08, which may be related to the proximity of the hydrogen bonds). The critical points (CPs) in the C—O and O—H bonds were located closer to the carbon or hydrogen atoms than to oxygen, which is more electronegative. The deformation density maps and Laplacian maps for the carboxylic moieties, carbonyl moieties and the hydrogen-bonded system are presented in Fig. 9.

Figure 9 Deformation density maps [(a), (c), (e) contour ±0.05 e A^−3] and their negative Laplacian [(b), (d), (f) contour values in geometric order, starting value ±0.1, increments of 2] for the experimental multipolar model. Red (solid lines) and blue (broken lines) colours represent positive and negative contours, respectively.

The lone-pair electrons of the oxygen atoms and bonding densities of the C—C and C—O bonds are clearly visible. The Laplacian values at CPs for C—O had a large negative value of the Laplacian (Table 4) and are shown in Fig. 9(d) as a large red area between the carbon–oxygen atoms with characteristic narrowing. For both molecules, ρ_BCP values for the hydrogen bonds were small and conventional (Carroll & Bader, 1988) (∼0.257 e Å⁻³). The ρ_BCP values were small and positive (∼2.702 e Å⁻⁵), identifying all of them as closed-shell interactions. The total energy density H_r for all hydrogen-bond critical points took a small, negative value which corresponds to medium-strength interactions according to the work by Rozas et. al. (2000).

Table 4
Selected CP topological properties

Bond	ρ (e A^−3)	(e A^−5)	λ1 (e A^−5)	λ2 (e A^−5)	λ3 (e A^−5)	ε	Gr (Ha a0^−3)	Vr (Ha a0^−3)	Hr [Ha a0^−3]	Gr/ρ (Ha e^−1)	Hr/ρ (Ha e^−1)	|Vr|/Gr
O3A—C7A	2.826	−23.573	−24.61	−24.15	25.19	0.02	0.510	−1.264	−0.754	1.217	−1.801	2.480
C3A—C7A	1.819	−14.049	−12.89	−11.80	10.64	0.09	0.226	−0.597	−0.371	0.837	−1.378	2.646
C1A—C8A	1.636	−10.814	−11.11	−10.48	10.77	0.06	0.196	−0.504	−0.308	0.807	−1.270	2.573
C5A—C6A	2.092	−17.746	−15.45	−12.88	10.59	0.20	0.285	−0.753	−0.469	0.918	−1.512	2.647
C6A—H6A	1.917	−20.945	−17.36	−16.97	13.38	0.02	0.207	–0.632	−0.425	0.730	−1.495	3.048
C7A—C11A	1.821	—14.107	—12.89	—11.84	10.63	0.09	0.226	−0.598	−0.372	0.837	−1.379	2.648
C8A—C10A	1.767	−13.787	−12.53	−11.62	10.36	0.08	0.212	−0.567	−0.355	0.810	−1.356	2.674
C8A—C9A	1.590	−10.749	−10.73	−10.71	10.68	0.00	0.184	−0.479	−0.295	0.779	−1.252	2.608
C9A—H9AA	1.906	−21.09	−17.04	−16.93	12.89	0.01	0.203	−0.625	−0.422	0.719	−1.493	3.078
O3B—C7B	2.820	−24.026	−24.50	−24.03	24.51	0.02	0.504	−1.257	−0.753	1.206	−1.803	2.495
C3B—C7B	1.811	−13.906	−12.83	−11.73	10.65	0.09	0.224	−0.593	−0.368	0.835	−1.373	2.643
C1B—C8B	1.631	−10.722	−11.03	−10.47	10.78	0.05	0.195	−0.501	−0.306	0.806	−1.267	2.571
C5B—C6B	2.087	−17.628	−15.4	−12.84	10.62	0.20	0.284	−0.751	−0.467	0.918	−1.509	2.644
C6B—H6B	1.923	−21.087	−17.42	−17.03	13.37	0.02	0.208	−0.635	−0.427	0.731	−1.498	3.051
C7B—CC11B	1.815	−13.992	−12.84	−11.8	10.64	0.09	0.225	−0.595	−0.370	0.836	−1.375	2.646
C8B—C10B	1.766	−13.813	−12.55	−11.62	10.36	0.08	0.212	−0.567	−0.355	0.809	−1.356	2.677
C8B—C9B	1.592	−10.787	−10.74	−10.73	10.68	0.00	0.184	−0.480	−0.296	0.779	−1.254	2.609
C9B—H9BA	1.897	−20.817	−16.92	−16.81	12.91	0.01	0.202	−0.620	−0.418	0.719	−1.487	3.068

The source function of the electron density was proposed by Bader & Gatti (1998) as defining the contribution from each atom to the electron density at a specific point (e.g. at a hydrogen-bond critical point). In this regard, the integration over the local source of electron density in the atomic basin generates the electron density ρ(r) as a sum of the atomic contributions. The source function is very sensitive to any perturbations and can show subtle local electron density changes. It is therefore very useful as a descriptor for characterization of bonding features (Farrugia et al., 2006), especially hydrogen bonds.

The percentage contributions from the source function to ρ_BCP for selected hydrogen bonds in α-ket are summarized in Table 5. In all cases, the source contributions from the donors slightly exceed that from the acceptors. The source contributions from hydrogen atoms were small and negative (around −9%). The source contributions from H and A atoms S(A + H) were positive and smaller than 50%, which indicated that the hydrogen-bond critical points act more like a sink than a source of electron density (Gatti et al., 2003). The source contributions from the triad (D + H + A) suggest that these hydrogen bonds were medium-strength, which is in a good agreement with the Rozas rules (Rozas et al., 2000). The percentage of source contribution from H, D, A, (A + H), (D + H) and (D + H + A) atoms were characteristic for hydrogen bonds with polarization assistance (Gatti et al., 2003).

Table 5
Topological properties at the critical points and source contributions to the critical point for α-ket hydrogen bonds

Symmetry codes: (i) x − 1/2, −y + 3/2, −z + 1; (ii) x + 1/2, −y + 3/2, −z + 1; (iii) x − 1, y + 1/2, −z + 3/2, (iv) −x + 1, y − 1/2, z − 3/2.

Hydrogen bonds	D⋯A (Å)	H⋯A (Å)	D—H—A (°)	ρBCP (e Å^−3)	∇^2ρBCP (e Å^−5)	Hr (Ha a0^−3)
O1A⋯H2A—O2A^i	2.696 (2)	1.723	159.99	0.259	2.568	−0.034
O2A—H2A⋯O3A^ii	2.696 (2)	1.723	159.99	0.255	2.551	−0.033
O1B⋯H2B—O2B^iii	2.657 (1)	1.723	151.66	0.259	2.850	−0.035
O2B—H2B⋯O1B^iv	2.657 (1)	1.723	151.66	0.255	2.838	−0.034

Hydrogen bonds	S(D) (%)	S(H) (%)	S(A) (%)	S(D+H) (%)	S(A+H) (%)	S(D+H+A) (%)
O1A⋯H2A—O2A^i	39.79	−9.14	23.86	30.65	14.72	54.51
O2A—H2A⋯O1A^ii	39.84	−9.10	24.64	30.74	15.54	55.38
O1B⋯H2B—O2B^iii	48.26	−9.32	33.52	38.94	24.20	72.46
O2B—H2B⋯O1B^iv	46.51	−9.21	33.82	37.30	24.61	71.12

3.4. Electrostatic potential and net atomic charges

The electrostatic potential mapped onto the electron-density isosurface around the molecules was calculated according to the Su and Coppens method (Su & Coppens, 1992) based on the populations of the multipoles found in the multipolar refinement. In Fig. 10, a map of electrostatic potential is shown for both α-ket molecules mapped with MolIso (Hübschle & Luger, 2006). The spaces coloured red, blue and green represent electropositive, electronegative and neutral regions, respectively. The carbonyl oxygen from the keto group marks the most electronegative area in both molecules. However, strongly electronegative regions were also present near the oxygen atoms of the carboxyl group. They are indicated as pale blue–green regions on the maps. Positive polarization on carboxyl, methyl and phenyl hydrogen atoms are marked as red, pale orange and yellow regions, respectively.

Figure 10 Electrostatic potential (e A^−1) mapped onto the 0.1 e A^−3 electron-density isosurface. The potential at +0.630 e A^−1 is shown in dark red and −0.111 e A^−1 is shown in blue.

The net atomic charges obtained by several different methods are summarized in Table S2. Not surprisingly, according to each method, the oxygen atoms retained very similar negative charges.

3.5. Interaction energies

Many interesting interatomic interactions could be identified in the crystal structure of the investigated compounds. The molecules involved in these interactions are shown in Fig. 11 for α-ket (a)–(c) and β-ket (d)–(e). The (S)-enantiomer crystallized with two molecules in the asymmetric unit (A and B molecules), so the A⋯A and B⋯B dimers, involved in the O—H⋯O contacts, and also the A⋯B dimer with C—H⋯π interactions were examined. On the other hand, (RS)-ketoprophen crystallized with one molecule in the asymmetric unit and the A⋯A dimer resulted from O—H⋯O interactions. The dimer interaction energies were computed with Pixel, Crystal and CrystalExplorer for α-ket and β-ket (major and minor conformations), and are summarized in Table 6 (information about dimer energies for the minor disorder component is attached in Table S3).

Table 6
Dimer interaction energies (kJ mol⁻¹) for α-ket and β-ket major

(a) α-Ket

	Crystal			Pixel			CE
	A⋯A	B⋯B	A⋯B	A⋯A	B⋯B	A⋯B	A⋯A	B⋯B	A⋯B
Etot	−33.57	−43.03	−33.68	−28.9	−36.6	−34.2	−30.0	−36.1	−42.9
Ecoul	–	–	–	−48.7	−59.3	−17.9	−43.2	−48.1	−14.0
Epol	–	–	–	−21.9	−28.1	−9.6	−8.7	−10.8	−3.9
Eenergy-dispersive	–	–	–	−9.7	−17.2	−58.1	−6.7	−12.8	−62.2
Erep	–	–	–	51.5	68.1	51.4	45.0	54.6	46.58

(b) β-Ket

	Crystal		Pixel		CE
	A⋯A	C—H⋯π	A⋯A	C—H⋯π	A⋯A	C—H⋯π
Etot	−91.86	−34.98	−62.2	−37.7	−71.4	−46.2
Ecoul	–	–	−152.1	−16.6	−133.3	−15.1
Epol	–	–	−78.0	−9.1	−29.0	−4.7
Eenergy-dispersive	–	–	−22.3	−56.1	−13.3	−62.8
Erep	–	–	190.2	44.1	166.1	45.3

Figure 11 Dimers of interacting molecules (a) A⋯A, (b) B⋯B and (c) A⋯B for α-ket, and (d) A⋯A and (e) C–H⋯π for β-ket.

The total lattice energy was calculated using Pixel and Crystal approaches for both α-ket and β-ket. Generally, these methods showed good agreement. Both methods assigned slightly lower lattice energies to β-ket, suggesting a more favourable energy of crystallization compared with that of the pure (S)-enantiomer. The differences in lattice energies were, however, very small: about −4 kJ mol⁻¹ (computed with Pixel) and about −8 kJ mol⁻¹ (computed by Crystal) (Table 7; for β-ket minor conformer see in Table S3). Notably, the most important stabilizing term in the total lattice energy was dispersion, related to C—H⋯π interactions, irrespective of the crystal form of ketoprophen. Electrostatic terms that are related to the formation of O—H⋯O interactions played a secondary role.

Table 7
Lattice energies (kJ mol⁻¹) for α-ket and β-ket major conformers

	α-Ket		β-Ket
	Pixel	Crystal	Pixel	Crystal
Etot	−138.8	−155.93	−142.2	−164.60
Ecoul	−90.5	–	−112.4	–
Epol	−49.1	–	−63.1	–
Eenergy-dispersive	−159.3	–	−157.3	–
Erep	160.1	–	190.6	–

According to the performed calculations, the total dimer interaction energy in α-ket was lower for B⋯B than A⋯A by about −10, −8 or −6 kJ mol⁻¹ (results from Crystal, Pixel or CrystalExplorer, respectively), which is comparable with the energies of C—H⋯π-stabilized A⋯B dimers. The results from Crystal suggested that the A⋯B interaction energy was close to that of A⋯A, whereas Pixel yielded energies closer to the B⋯B dimer. According to CrystalExplorer, the A⋯B dimer had the lowest dimer interaction energy.

The electrostatic energies for the B⋯B dimer in α-ket were larger than for the A⋯A dimer, implying slightly stronger hydrogen bonding. The differences between these energies were −10 and −5 kJ mol⁻¹, obtained from Pixel and CrystalExplorer, respectively. For both the A⋯A and the B⋯B dimer interactions, the electrostatic term was the most stabilizing. In the case of repulsion interactions, the larger contribution to the total dimer energy was also that of the B⋯B dimer, probably because of steric hindrance between the carb­oxy­lic groups of the B⋯B contacts in the [010] direction.

For the A⋯B interactions, the electrostatic term was secondary to the dispersive term. The latter reached quite large values, similar to the electrostatic terms in the A⋯A or B⋯B dimers (about −58 or −62 kJ mol⁻¹ calculated by Pixel or CrystalExplorer, respectively).

In contrast, for the β-ket compound, the values of the total interaction energies for the A⋯A dimer were two to three times higher than for the A⋯A dimer in the α-ket crystal structure, depending on the computational approach. This is not very surprising considering the ring-forming, double hydrogen-bonded motif connecting the β-ket molecules. The A⋯A or B⋯B dimers in α-ket are stabilized by a single hydrogen bond. In particular, the electrostatic interaction term for the A⋯A dimer in β-ket was more than three times (Pixel and CrystalExplorer) larger for the A⋯A dimer in the α-ket crystal structure.

On the other hand, the total energy of the C—H⋯π interaction was almost the same in β-ket and the A⋯B dimer in α-ket, irrespective of the computational approach, making it of the same magnitude as the total interaction energy of the A⋯A dimer, analogous to the α-ket case. The similarity was still preserved when the electrostatic, dispersion and repulsion terms were analysed separately with Pixel or CrystalExplorer. The contribution from the dispersion term had the dominant stabilizing effect of about −56 or −63 kJ mol⁻¹ according to Pixel and CrystalExplorer, respectively; these values are almost identical to those registered for the A⋯B dimer in α-ket. The electrostatic term for the C—H⋯π interactions in β-ket also had very consistent values independent of the computational approach. The uniformity of the C—H⋯π interactions between β-ket and α-ket reflected the fact that very similar, layer-based packing arrangements were adopted by both crystal forms. This was also observed for the minor conformer within the β-ket crystal packing (as documented in Table S3 and Fig. S14).

The visualization of intermolecular interactions described above and their electrostatic and dispersion components for both crystal forms are shown in Fig. 12 as energy frameworks calculated by CrystalExplorer17 (an analogous visualization for the β-ket minor conformer is presented in Fig. S14). Energy frameworks confirmed that the electrostatic contribution to the total dimer interaction energy was higher for dimers involved in hydrogen bonding, whereas the dispersion contribution was dominant for the C—H⋯π interactions. It is worth noting that the overall energy framework pattern for the α-ket molecule B was more similar to β-ket than the α-ket molecule A, even though molecule A showed greater similarity to β-ket on a molecular level. However, even for the A molecule of α-ket, the general pattern in the energy framework was very similar to β-ket, although the interactions were slightly less directional and more symmetric. Apparently in ketoprophen, there exists a preferred crystal-packing architecture that more closely resembles the β-ket racemic crystal. The pure (S)-enantiomer, devoid of its racemic counterpart, seemed to form a similar crystal architecture by adopting two distinct conformations in the crystal packing.

Figure 12 Energy frameworks for the crystal structure of the (S)-enantiomer: (a)–(c) A molecule, (d)–(f) B molecule and (g)–(i) the racemic mixture (major conformer). The tube size is 36 arbitrary units and the cut-off is 8 kJ mol^−1. Colouring scheme: total energy = blue, electrostatic energy = red and dispersion energy = green.

3.6. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry

The DSC curves (Fig. 13b) showed two endothermic peaks in the case of both forms of the title compound. The endothermic reaction peak, which was not accompanied by weight loss, occurs at 79.77 and 96.49°C for the (RS)- and (S)-forms, respectively. This reaction was attributed to the melting of the compound. The higher melting point of (RS)-ketoprophen may indicate that this form has the largest total crystal lattice energy, which is in agreement with the results of performed theoretical calculations. The broad endothermic peak with its maximum at 348.06 and 352.20°C was attributed to a one step decomposition that was confirmed by the 98.13 and 99.00% weight loss of the sample viewed on the TG curve for the racemic mixture and pure (S)-enantiomer of title compound, respectively (Fig. 13a).

Figure 13 (a) TG and (b) DSC plots for the racemic mixture and the (S)-enantiomer of ketoprophen.

4. Summary

The crystal structure of the pure (S)-enantiomer of the popular analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug ketoprophen (α-ket) has been determined. A detailed aspherical charge-density model based on the high-resolution X-ray diffraction data has been refined. Special attention has been paid to the charge-density distribution around the carbonyl or carboxyl groups. The C—H⋯π and O—H⋯O were the most important interactions in the crystal structure of (S)-ketoprophen. Detailed examination of the charge-density distributions and bond lengths in these regions confirmed an electron transfer through these contacts. In particular, a careful examination of the topological properties of the electron charge density in the regions of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds revealed their medium-strength character with polarization assistance.

In order to compare the crystal structure of the (S)-enantiomer of ketoprophen with the racemic mixture, the structure of the latter form has also been re-determined at 100 K, based on high-resolution data (β-ket). The final structure of the racemate turned out to contain approximately 10% disorder, unreported in previous work. Comparisons of structural features and energetics were carried out between the α-ket and the major, well defined conformer of β-ket.

In contrast to the racemic β-ket case, the (S)-enantiomer crystallized with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, showed distinct conformations of the propionic moiety and, to a lesser extent, the terminal phenyl moiety. The major resulting differences between the β-ket and α-ket crystal forms were observed as distinct hydrogen-bonding motifs: β-ket presents a two-hydrogen-bonded ring motif characteristic for carb­oxy­lic acids, while infinite chains of hydrogen bonds stretching in separate directions are formed by the two independent molecules of ketoprophen in the non-centrosymmetric α-ket structure. Despite these differences, the overall crystal packing of both forms was very similar, with close-packed layers of antiparallel-oriented benzo­phenone moieties, interacting through C—H⋯π interactions.

Inspection of the Hirshfeld surfaces for both α-ket and β-ket showed that the crystal structures of both forms relied substantially on weak intermolecular interactions such as C—H⋯π, and despite different hydrogen-bonding motifs, the crystal packing of both forms is very similar.

Theoretical calculations proved that α-ket and β-ket have very similar lattice energies. The most important stabilizing term in the total lattice energies in both instances proved to be dispersion related to the C—H⋯π interactions. The electrostatic term, related to the formation of O—H⋯O interactions, plays a secondary role in the stabilization of the crystal structure. A more detailed analysis of the intermolecular interaction energies confirmed that the C—H⋯π interactions stabilize layers of antiparallel-oriented benzophenone moieties in both crystal forms.

Apparently, in the case of ketoprophen, there seemed to exist a preferred crystal architecture that more closely resembled the β-ket racemic crystals which are highly dependent on the close packing of the benzo­phenone moieties. The pure (S)-enantiomer, devoid of its racemic counterpart, seemed to form a similar crystal architecture by adopting two distinct conformations in the crystal. The preferred crystal-packing motif was further confirmed by conduction an extensive set of crystallization experiments.

Supporting information

Computing details

For all structures, data collection: APEX2 v2012.4-3 (Bruker AXS); cell refinement: SAINT v8.34A (Bruker, 2013); data reduction: SAINT v8.34A (Bruker, 2013). Program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS (Sheldrick, 2008) for 2015_12_30_am_ket_0m; XS (Sheldrick, 2008) for 2016_03_20_am_ketsigma_0m, xd_refine. Program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL (Sheldrick, 2015) for 2015_12_30_am_ket_0m, 2016_03_20_am_ketsigma_0m; Volkov et al., (2006) for xd_refine. Molecular graphics: Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009) for 2015_12_30_am_ket_0m, 2016_03_20_am_ketsigma_0m; Volkov et al., (2006) for xd_refine. Software used to prepare material for publication: Olex2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009) for 2015_12_30_am_ket_0m, 2016_03_20_am_ketsigma_0m; Volkov et al., (2006) for xd_refine.

2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (2015_12_30_am_ket_0m)

Crystal data

C16H14O3	Z = 2
Mr = 254.27	F(000) = 268
Triclinic, P1	Dx = 1.333 Mg m^−3
a = 6.0671 (4) Å	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
b = 7.5611 (5) Å	Cell parameters from 9967 reflections
c = 13.8523 (9) Å	θ = 3.0–24.4°
α = 92.078 (3)°	µ = 0.09 mm^−1
β = 93.838 (2)°	T = 100 K
γ = 90.994 (3)°	Block, clear light colourless
V = 633.49 (7) Å^3	0.42 × 0.20 × 0.08 mm

Data collection

Bruker SMART APEX2 area detector diffractometer	10775 independent reflections
Radiation source: microfocus sealed X-ray tube, Incoatec Iµs	8809 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror optics monochromator	Rint = 0.029
Detector resolution: 7.9 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 45.6°, θmin = 1.5°
ω and φ scans	h = −12→12
Absorption correction: multi-scan SADABS-2012/1 (Bruker,2012) was used for absorption correction. wR2(int) was 0.0702 before and 0.0394 after correction. The Ratio of minimum to maximum transmission is 0.9585. The λ/2 correction factor is 0.0015.	k = −15→15
Tmin = 0.714, Tmax = 0.745	l = −27→27
96998 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: mixed
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.037	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F^2) = 0.119	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0631P)^2 + 0.0721P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
S = 1.04	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
10775 reflections	Δρmax = 0.67 e Å^−3
284 parameters	Δρmin = −0.36 e Å^−3
127 restraints

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq	Occ. (<1)
O1A	0.79419 (7)	0.38117 (6)	0.03356 (3)	0.02327 (8)	0.9572 (10)
O1C	1.021 (2)	0.3379 (14)	0.0591 (8)	0.0259 (17)	0.0428 (10)
O2A	1.15248 (6)	0.34687 (6)	0.07551 (3)	0.01926 (7)	0.9572 (10)
H2A	1.1633 (18)	0.4372 (15)	0.0358 (8)	0.029*	0.9572 (10)
O2C	0.665 (2)	0.4321 (17)	0.0386 (10)	0.032 (2)	0.0428 (10)
H2C	0.6470	0.4234	−0.0221	0.048*	0.0428 (10)
O3A	1.18065 (8)	0.21528 (11)	0.50067 (4)	0.02370 (13)	0.9572 (10)
O3C	1.1598 (19)	0.1952 (16)	0.4802 (11)	0.022 (2)	0.0428 (10)
C1A	0.80790 (6)	0.22324 (5)	0.23686 (3)	0.01189 (6)	0.9572 (10)
C1C	0.7010 (13)	0.2480 (10)	0.2312 (4)	0.0171 (13)	0.0428 (10)
C2C	0.8450 (11)	0.2071 (10)	0.3092 (5)	0.0168 (13)	0.0428 (10)
H2CA	0.9751	0.1431	0.2985	0.020*	0.0428 (10)
C3C	0.7987 (15)	0.2599 (14)	0.4027 (5)	0.0182 (18)	0.0428 (10)
C4C	0.6083 (17)	0.3535 (15)	0.4183 (4)	0.0173 (17)	0.0428 (10)
H4C	0.5767	0.3896	0.4822	0.021*	0.0428 (10)
C5C	0.4643 (13)	0.3944 (12)	0.3403 (6)	0.0216 (16)	0.0428 (10)
H5C	0.3342	0.4584	0.3509	0.026*	0.0428 (10)
C6C	0.5107 (12)	0.3416 (11)	0.2468 (5)	0.0226 (16)	0.0428 (10)
H6C	0.4123	0.3695	0.1935	0.027*	0.0428 (10)
C2A	0.92630 (7)	0.19877 (5)	0.32454 (3)	0.01188 (6)	0.9572 (10)
H2AA	1.0663	0.1443	0.3252	0.014*	0.9572 (10)
C3A	0.84092 (8)	0.25387 (7)	0.41204 (3)	0.01179 (6)	0.9572 (10)
C4A	0.63639 (8)	0.33497 (8)	0.41087 (4)	0.01361 (7)	0.9572 (10)
H4A	0.5769	0.3712	0.4700	0.016*	0.9572 (10)
C5A	0.51905 (7)	0.36297 (6)	0.32294 (3)	0.01478 (7)	0.9572 (10)
H5A	0.3807	0.4200	0.3221	0.018*	0.9572 (10)
C6A	0.60402 (7)	0.30760 (6)	0.23653 (3)	0.01427 (6)	0.9572 (10)
H6A	0.5234	0.3270	0.1768	0.017*	0.9572 (10)
C7A	0.98078 (8)	0.23207 (10)	0.50353 (4)	0.01356 (7)	0.9572 (10)
C7C	0.9638 (19)	0.229 (3)	0.4847 (7)	0.019 (2)	0.0428 (10)
C8A	0.89709 (7)	0.15325 (6)	0.14302 (3)	0.01371 (6)	0.9572 (10)
H8A	1.0388	0.0919	0.1591	0.016*	0.9572 (10)
C8C	0.723 (2)	0.1793 (13)	0.1276 (5)	0.0229 (14)	0.0428 (10)
H8C	0.5715	0.1490	0.0983	0.028*	0.0428 (10)
C9A	0.73546 (9)	0.02094 (7)	0.08851 (4)	0.02017 (8)	0.9572 (10)
H9AA	0.7137	−0.0815	0.1284	0.030*	0.9572 (10)
H9AB	0.7957	−0.0182	0.0276	0.030*	0.9572 (10)
H9AC	0.5935	0.0778	0.0746	0.030*	0.9572 (10)
C9C	0.859 (3)	0.0173 (19)	0.1199 (10)	0.026 (2)	0.0428 (10)
H9CA	1.0165	0.0510	0.1278	0.039*	0.0428 (10)
H9CB	0.8272	−0.0417	0.0563	0.039*	0.0428 (10)
H9CC	0.8240	−0.0635	0.1706	0.039*	0.0428 (10)
C10A	0.94346 (7)	0.30480 (6)	0.07877 (3)	0.01372 (6)	0.9572 (10)
C10C	0.819 (2)	0.3230 (14)	0.0690 (8)	0.0219 (15)	0.0428 (10)
C11A	0.88073 (6)	0.23248 (5)	0.59878 (3)	0.01244 (6)
C12A	1.00922 (7)	0.30145 (6)	0.67964 (3)	0.01503 (6)
H12A	1.1516	0.3512	0.6720	0.018*
C13A	0.92860 (8)	0.29713 (6)	0.77099 (3)	0.01784 (7)
H13A	1.0149	0.3459	0.8256	0.021*
C14A	0.72159 (8)	0.22159 (7)	0.78286 (3)	0.01864 (7)
H14A	0.6671	0.2183	0.8455	0.022*
C15A	0.59475 (7)	0.15096 (6)	0.70279 (3)	0.01665 (7)
H15A	0.4544	0.0980	0.7109	0.020*
C16A	0.67297 (6)	0.15770 (6)	0.61081 (3)	0.01377 (6)
H16A	0.5848	0.1113	0.5561	0.017*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1A	0.01674 (14)	0.03017 (19)	0.02344 (17)	−0.00061 (13)	−0.00220 (12)	0.01530 (15)
O1C	0.030 (3)	0.021 (3)	0.027 (4)	−0.0015 (19)	0.007 (2)	0.001 (3)
O2A	0.01460 (13)	0.02231 (15)	0.02138 (15)	−0.00149 (11)	0.00157 (11)	0.00805 (12)
O2C	0.031 (3)	0.031 (3)	0.036 (5)	0.001 (2)	0.011 (3)	0.016 (4)
O3A	0.01004 (13)	0.0452 (4)	0.01574 (17)	0.00235 (16)	0.00092 (11)	−0.00095 (18)
O3C	0.021 (3)	0.008 (3)	0.037 (5)	0.0015 (19)	0.006 (2)	−0.007 (3)
C1A	0.01215 (13)	0.01289 (13)	0.01075 (12)	0.00013 (10)	0.00083 (10)	0.00215 (10)
C1C	0.019 (2)	0.014 (2)	0.0189 (18)	0.0000 (18)	0.0059 (15)	0.0037 (14)
C2C	0.019 (2)	0.012 (3)	0.020 (2)	0.000 (2)	0.0066 (16)	0.0028 (15)
C3C	0.021 (3)	0.015 (4)	0.020 (2)	0.000 (2)	0.0073 (16)	0.0021 (17)
C4C	0.019 (3)	0.010 (3)	0.024 (2)	−0.001 (2)	0.0087 (17)	0.0035 (18)
C5C	0.022 (3)	0.019 (3)	0.025 (2)	0.003 (2)	0.0075 (18)	0.0036 (19)
C6C	0.024 (3)	0.020 (3)	0.025 (2)	0.004 (2)	0.0080 (17)	0.0035 (18)
C2A	0.01092 (13)	0.01410 (13)	0.01080 (12)	0.00088 (10)	0.00129 (10)	0.00182 (10)
C3A	0.01050 (14)	0.01425 (16)	0.01072 (13)	0.00020 (11)	0.00110 (10)	0.00115 (11)
C4A	0.01215 (15)	0.01552 (19)	0.01349 (14)	0.00210 (13)	0.00238 (11)	0.00148 (12)
C5A	0.01191 (13)	0.01680 (16)	0.01597 (15)	0.00321 (11)	0.00128 (11)	0.00325 (12)
C6A	0.01273 (14)	0.01690 (15)	0.01326 (14)	0.00168 (11)	−0.00037 (11)	0.00328 (11)
C7A	0.01042 (13)	0.0190 (2)	0.01127 (16)	−0.00003 (12)	0.00087 (11)	0.00037 (15)
C7C	0.022 (3)	0.016 (4)	0.020 (3)	0.003 (2)	0.0076 (19)	0.000 (2)
C8A	0.01585 (14)	0.01471 (14)	0.01077 (12)	0.00004 (11)	0.00170 (10)	0.00184 (10)
C8C	0.028 (3)	0.021 (2)	0.021 (2)	0.0003 (18)	0.0069 (17)	0.0022 (15)
C9A	0.0241 (2)	0.01979 (18)	0.01629 (16)	−0.00491 (15)	0.00217 (14)	−0.00283 (13)
C9C	0.035 (5)	0.023 (2)	0.021 (3)	0.003 (3)	0.010 (3)	0.003 (2)
C10A	0.01452 (14)	0.01667 (15)	0.01012 (12)	−0.00035 (11)	0.00098 (10)	0.00236 (11)
C10C	0.030 (3)	0.020 (2)	0.016 (3)	−0.0012 (18)	0.0048 (19)	0.0009 (19)
C11A	0.01149 (12)	0.01400 (13)	0.01178 (12)	−0.00070 (9)	0.00058 (9)	0.00074 (10)
C12A	0.01427 (13)	0.01647 (14)	0.01395 (14)	−0.00207 (11)	−0.00121 (10)	0.00036 (11)
C13A	0.02080 (17)	0.01969 (16)	0.01259 (14)	−0.00071 (13)	−0.00134 (12)	−0.00061 (12)
C14A	0.02160 (17)	0.02176 (18)	0.01298 (14)	0.00057 (14)	0.00332 (12)	0.00248 (12)
C15A	0.01568 (14)	0.01903 (16)	0.01573 (15)	−0.00136 (12)	0.00344 (11)	0.00369 (12)
C16A	0.01249 (12)	0.01534 (14)	0.01343 (13)	−0.00179 (10)	0.00076 (10)	0.00099 (10)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1A—C10A	1.2305 (6)	C5A—H5A	0.9500
O1C—C10C	1.242 (17)	C5A—C6A	1.3884 (6)
O2A—H2A	0.897 (12)	C6A—H6A	0.9500
O2A—C10A	1.3061 (6)	C7A—C11A	1.4887 (7)
O2C—H2C	0.8400	C7C—C11A	1.689 (12)
O2C—C10C	1.318 (18)	C8A—H8A	1.0000
O3A—C7A	1.2245 (6)	C8A—C9A	1.5312 (7)
O3C—C7C	1.225 (2)	C8A—C10A	1.5102 (6)
C1A—C2A	1.3891 (5)	C8C—H8C	1.0000
C1A—C6A	1.4013 (6)	C8C—C9C	1.494 (18)
C1A—C8A	1.5222 (6)	C8C—C10C	1.511 (2)
C1C—C2C	1.3900	C9A—H9AA	0.9800
C1C—C6C	1.3900	C9A—H9AB	0.9800
C1C—C8C	1.523 (2)	C9A—H9AC	0.9800
C2C—H2CA	0.9500	C9C—H9CA	0.9800
C2C—C3C	1.3900	C9C—H9CB	0.9800
C3C—C4C	1.3900	C9C—H9CC	0.9800
C3C—C7C	1.493 (2)	C11A—C12A	1.4002 (6)
C4C—H4C	0.9500	C11A—C16A	1.3952 (5)
C4C—C5C	1.3900	C12A—H12A	0.9500
C5C—H5C	0.9500	C12A—C13A	1.3881 (6)
C5C—C6C	1.3900	C13A—H13A	0.9500
C6C—H6C	0.9500	C13A—C14A	1.3929 (7)
C2A—H2AA	0.9500	C14A—H14A	0.9500
C2A—C3A	1.4021 (6)	C14A—C15A	1.3914 (7)
C3A—C4A	1.3931 (6)	C15A—H15A	0.9500
C3A—C7A	1.4931 (6)	C15A—C16A	1.3914 (6)
C4A—H4A	0.9500	C16A—H16A	0.9500
C4A—C5A	1.3940 (6)
C10A—O2A—H2A	108.1 (7)	C10A—C8A—C1A	110.05 (4)
C10C—O2C—H2C	109.5	C10A—C8A—H8A	108.5
C2A—C1A—C6A	119.26 (4)	C10A—C8A—C9A	109.48 (4)
C2A—C1A—C8A	119.80 (4)	C1C—C8C—H8C	107.8
C6A—C1A—C8A	120.91 (4)	C9C—C8C—C1C	114.0 (9)
C2C—C1C—C6C	120.0	C9C—C8C—H8C	107.8
C2C—C1C—C8C	124.0 (7)	C9C—C8C—C10C	109.3 (10)
C6C—C1C—C8C	115.6 (7)	C10C—C8C—C1C	110.0 (7)
C1C—C2C—H2CA	120.0	C10C—C8C—H8C	107.8
C1C—C2C—C3C	120.0	C8A—C9A—H9AA	109.5
C3C—C2C—H2CA	120.0	C8A—C9A—H9AB	109.5
C2C—C3C—C7C	119.4 (7)	C8A—C9A—H9AC	109.5
C4C—C3C—C2C	120.0	H9AA—C9A—H9AB	109.5
C4C—C3C—C7C	120.4 (7)	H9AA—C9A—H9AC	109.5
C3C—C4C—H4C	120.0	H9AB—C9A—H9AC	109.5
C5C—C4C—C3C	120.0	C8C—C9C—H9CA	109.5
C5C—C4C—H4C	120.0	C8C—C9C—H9CB	109.5
C4C—C5C—H5C	120.0	C8C—C9C—H9CC	109.5
C4C—C5C—C6C	120.0	H9CA—C9C—H9CB	109.5
C6C—C5C—H5C	120.0	H9CA—C9C—H9CC	109.5
C1C—C6C—H6C	120.0	H9CB—C9C—H9CC	109.5
C5C—C6C—C1C	120.0	O1A—C10A—O2A	123.44 (4)
C5C—C6C—H6C	120.0	O1A—C10A—C8A	121.89 (4)
C1A—C2A—H2AA	119.7	O2A—C10A—C8A	114.67 (4)
C1A—C2A—C3A	120.54 (4)	O1C—C10C—O2C	126.7 (10)
C3A—C2A—H2AA	119.7	O1C—C10C—C8C	122.3 (12)
C2A—C3A—C7A	118.02 (4)	O2C—C10C—C8C	110.8 (11)
C4A—C3A—C2A	119.66 (4)	C12A—C11A—C7A	117.52 (4)
C4A—C3A—C7A	122.23 (4)	C12A—C11A—C7C	123.9 (5)
C3A—C4A—H4A	120.0	C16A—C11A—C7A	122.71 (4)
C3A—C4A—C5A	119.98 (4)	C16A—C11A—C7C	116.4 (5)
C5A—C4A—H4A	120.0	C16A—C11A—C12A	119.64 (4)
C4A—C5A—H5A	119.9	C11A—C12A—H12A	120.0
C6A—C5A—C4A	120.11 (4)	C13A—C12A—C11A	120.00 (4)
C6A—C5A—H5A	119.9	C13A—C12A—H12A	120.0
C1A—C6A—H6A	119.8	C12A—C13A—H13A	119.9
C5A—C6A—C1A	120.43 (4)	C12A—C13A—C14A	120.24 (4)
C5A—C6A—H6A	119.8	C14A—C13A—H13A	119.9
O3A—C7A—C3A	119.84 (5)	C13A—C14A—H14A	120.1
O3A—C7A—C11A	119.33 (5)	C15A—C14A—C13A	119.87 (4)
C11A—C7A—C3A	120.83 (4)	C15A—C14A—H14A	120.1
O3C—C7C—C3C	127.4 (12)	C14A—C15A—H15A	119.9
O3C—C7C—C11A	113.5 (9)	C14A—C15A—C16A	120.16 (4)
C3C—C7C—C11A	119.1 (8)	C16A—C15A—H15A	119.9
C1A—C8A—H8A	108.5	C11A—C16A—H16A	120.0
C1A—C8A—C9A	111.68 (4)	C15A—C16A—C11A	120.07 (4)
C9A—C8A—H8A	108.5	C15A—C16A—H16A	120.0
O3A—C7A—C11A—C12A	31.49 (9)	C2A—C3A—C7A—O3A	20.18 (9)
O3A—C7A—C11A—C16A	−144.39 (7)	C2A—C3A—C7A—C11A	−160.52 (5)
O3C—C7C—C11A—C12A	38.4 (18)	C3A—C4A—C5A—C6A	1.03 (7)
O3C—C7C—C11A—C16A	−140.0 (12)	C3A—C7A—C11A—C12A	−147.81 (5)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A	−0.48 (6)	C3A—C7A—C11A—C16A	36.31 (8)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C7A	−177.04 (4)	C4A—C3A—C7A—O3A	−156.29 (7)
C1A—C8A—C10A—O1A	−75.44 (6)	C4A—C3A—C7A—C11A	23.01 (8)
C1A—C8A—C10A—O2A	104.57 (4)	C4A—C5A—C6A—C1A	0.02 (7)
C1C—C2C—C3C—C4C	0.0	C6A—C1A—C2A—C3A	1.51 (6)
C1C—C2C—C3C—C7C	−174.9 (12)	C6A—C1A—C8A—C9A	−57.09 (5)
C1C—C8C—C10C—O1C	93.4 (14)	C6A—C1A—C8A—C10A	64.72 (5)
C1C—C8C—C10C—O2C	−81.7 (14)	C7A—C3A—C4A—C5A	175.61 (5)
C2C—C1C—C6C—C5C	0.0	C7A—C11A—C12A—C13A	−176.80 (5)
C2C—C1C—C8C—C9C	20.4 (13)	C7A—C11A—C16A—C15A	175.44 (5)
C2C—C1C—C8C—C10C	−102.7 (11)	C7C—C3C—C4C—C5C	174.8 (12)
C2C—C3C—C4C—C5C	0.0	C7C—C11A—C12A—C13A	−179.2 (7)
C2C—C3C—C7C—O3C	17 (2)	C7C—C11A—C16A—C15A	178.2 (6)
C2C—C3C—C7C—C11A	−161.2 (9)	C8A—C1A—C2A—C3A	−176.54 (4)
C3C—C4C—C5C—C6C	0.0	C8A—C1A—C6A—C5A	176.74 (4)
C3C—C7C—C11A—C12A	−143.1 (10)	C8C—C1C—C2C—C3C	−173.0 (8)
C3C—C7C—C11A—C16A	38.5 (16)	C8C—C1C—C6C—C5C	173.6 (8)
C4C—C3C—C7C—O3C	−157.8 (15)	C9A—C8A—C10A—O1A	47.67 (6)
C4C—C3C—C7C—C11A	23.9 (17)	C9A—C8A—C10A—O2A	−132.33 (4)
C4C—C5C—C6C—C1C	0.0	C9C—C8C—C10C—O1C	−32.4 (15)
C6C—C1C—C2C—C3C	0.0	C9C—C8C—C10C—O2C	152.5 (12)
C6C—C1C—C8C—C9C	−152.9 (9)	C11A—C12A—C13A—C14A	1.12 (7)
C6C—C1C—C8C—C10C	84.0 (11)	C12A—C11A—C16A—C15A	−0.35 (6)
C2A—C1A—C6A—C5A	−1.29 (6)	C12A—C13A—C14A—C15A	−0.30 (7)
C2A—C1A—C8A—C9A	120.93 (4)	C13A—C14A—C15A—C16A	−0.84 (7)
C2A—C1A—C8A—C10A	−117.26 (4)	C14A—C15A—C16A—C11A	1.17 (7)
C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A	−0.80 (7)	C16A—C11A—C12A—C13A	−0.79 (6)

2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (2016_03_20_am_ketsigma_0m)

Crystal data

C16H14O3	Dx = 1.348 Mg m^−3
Mr = 254.27	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Orthorhombic, P212121	Cell parameters from 9909 reflections
a = 6.1130 (5) Å	θ = 2.9–38.0°
b = 7.3809 (6) Å	µ = 0.09 mm^−1
c = 55.524 (5) Å	T = 100 K
V = 2505.2 (4) Å^3	Irregular, clear whiteish colourless
Z = 8	0.29 × 0.21 × 0.07 mm
F(000) = 1072

Data collection

Bruker SMART APEX2 area detector diffractometer	17839 independent reflections
Radiation source: microfocus sealed X-ray tube, Incoatec Iµs	11356 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror optics monochromator	Rint = 0.039
Detector resolution: 7.9 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 45.5°, θmin = 1.5°
ω and φ scans	h = −11→12
Absorption correction: empirical (using intensity measurements) SADABS-2012/1 (Bruker,2012) was used for absorption correction. wR2(int) was 0.0653 before and 0.0530 after correction. The Ratio of minimum to maximum transmission is 0.9339. The λ/2 correction factor is 0.0015.	k = −11→14
Tmin = 0.934, Tmax = 1.000	l = −103→83
66457 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
Least-squares matrix: full	H-atom parameters constrained
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.061	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.072P)^2 + 0.1836P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.160	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
S = 1.07	Δρmax = 0.61 e Å^−3
17839 reflections	Δρmin = −0.39 e Å^−3
347 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 3482 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
2 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: 0.3 (3)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O3A	0.78847 (19)	0.4532 (2)	0.37700 (2)	0.0287 (3)
O2A	0.8107 (2)	0.59687 (15)	0.48016 (2)	0.0214 (2)
H2A	0.8331	0.6844	0.4895	0.032*
O1A	0.4702 (2)	0.6210 (2)	0.49443 (2)	0.0324 (3)
C1A	0.4507 (2)	0.45779 (18)	0.44201 (2)	0.0143 (2)
C2A	0.5579 (2)	0.43004 (18)	0.42027 (2)	0.0142 (2)
H2AA	0.6983	0.3749	0.4201	0.017*
C3A	0.4604 (2)	0.48284 (18)	0.39855 (3)	0.0142 (2)
C4A	0.2550 (2)	0.56494 (19)	0.39882 (3)	0.0155 (2)
H4A	0.1870	0.5992	0.3841	0.019*
C5A	0.1500 (2)	0.59653 (19)	0.42062 (3)	0.0178 (3)
H5A	0.0113	0.6545	0.4208	0.021*
C6A	0.2465 (2)	0.54389 (19)	0.44206 (3)	0.0168 (2)
H6A	0.1739	0.5663	0.4569	0.020*
C7A	0.5899 (2)	0.4606 (2)	0.37596 (3)	0.0165 (2)
C11A	0.4792 (2)	0.44929 (18)	0.35206 (2)	0.0139 (2)
C12A	0.5984 (2)	0.50697 (19)	0.33196 (3)	0.0158 (2)
H12A	0.7406	0.5567	0.3340	0.019*
C13A	0.5085 (3)	0.4914 (2)	0.30909 (3)	0.0190 (3)
H13A	0.5883	0.5324	0.2955	0.023*
C14A	0.3026 (3)	0.4162 (2)	0.30614 (3)	0.0213 (3)
H14A	0.2421	0.4053	0.2904	0.026*
C15A	0.1845 (3)	0.3568 (2)	0.32588 (3)	0.0202 (3)
H15A	0.0441	0.3041	0.3237	0.024*
C16A	0.2715 (2)	0.37427 (19)	0.34885 (3)	0.0167 (2)
H16A	0.1895	0.3351	0.3624	0.020*
C8A	0.5508 (2)	0.38847 (19)	0.46537 (2)	0.0155 (2)
H8A	0.6900	0.3237	0.4614	0.019*
C10A	0.6042 (2)	0.5471 (2)	0.48159 (3)	0.0170 (2)
C9A	0.3978 (3)	0.2559 (2)	0.47810 (3)	0.0243 (3)
H9AA	0.2583	0.3161	0.4816	0.036*
H9AB	0.4649	0.2158	0.4932	0.036*
H9AC	0.3718	0.1508	0.4677	0.036*
O3B	−0.05199 (19)	0.5113 (2)	0.62973 (2)	0.0263 (3)
O2B	0.34758 (19)	0.18467 (14)	0.72712 (2)	0.0188 (2)
H2B	0.4303	0.1286	0.7366	0.028*
O1B	0.4465 (2)	0.41873 (16)	0.74987 (2)	0.0237 (2)
C1B	0.2859 (2)	0.51871 (18)	0.69472 (2)	0.0135 (2)
C2B	0.1801 (2)	0.48754 (18)	0.67297 (2)	0.0137 (2)
H2BA	0.0407	0.4307	0.6729	0.016*
C3B	0.2773 (2)	0.53925 (18)	0.65111 (2)	0.0132 (2)
C4B	0.4837 (2)	0.62042 (18)	0.65134 (3)	0.0148 (2)
H4B	0.5527	0.6523	0.6366	0.018*
C5B	0.5884 (2)	0.65462 (19)	0.67316 (3)	0.0167 (2)
H5B	0.7279	0.7114	0.6733	0.020*
C6B	0.4892 (2)	0.60580 (19)	0.69469 (3)	0.0161 (2)
H6B	0.5600	0.6317	0.7095	0.019*
C7B	0.1471 (2)	0.51821 (19)	0.62850 (3)	0.0158 (2)
C11B	0.2549 (2)	0.50865 (18)	0.60438 (2)	0.0138 (2)
C12B	0.1346 (2)	0.56860 (18)	0.58451 (3)	0.0155 (2)
H12B	−0.0071	0.6186	0.5868	0.019*
C13B	0.2213 (3)	0.5554 (2)	0.56151 (3)	0.0181 (3)
H13B	0.1402	0.5986	0.5481	0.022*
C14B	0.4269 (3)	0.4789 (2)	0.55802 (3)	0.0193 (3)
H14B	0.4857	0.4694	0.5422	0.023*
C15B	0.5460 (3)	0.4165 (2)	0.57762 (3)	0.0185 (3)
H15B	0.6853	0.3623	0.5752	0.022*
C16B	0.4616 (2)	0.43314 (19)	0.60078 (3)	0.0159 (2)
H16B	0.5449	0.3929	0.6142	0.019*
C8B	0.1769 (2)	0.46398 (19)	0.71839 (2)	0.0148 (2)
H8B	0.0506	0.3830	0.7145	0.018*
C10B	0.3370 (2)	0.35718 (18)	0.73355 (3)	0.0149 (2)
C9B	0.0892 (3)	0.6259 (2)	0.73249 (3)	0.0204 (3)
H9BA	0.2091	0.7102	0.7359	0.031*
H9BB	0.0253	0.5838	0.7477	0.031*
H9BC	−0.0232	0.6876	0.7230	0.031*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O3A	0.0131 (5)	0.0543 (8)	0.0188 (5)	0.0011 (5)	0.0001 (4)	0.0027 (5)
O2A	0.0224 (5)	0.0216 (5)	0.0201 (5)	−0.0035 (4)	0.0006 (4)	−0.0062 (4)
O1A	0.0274 (6)	0.0395 (7)	0.0303 (7)	0.0075 (6)	0.0032 (5)	−0.0181 (6)
C1A	0.0148 (5)	0.0149 (5)	0.0132 (6)	0.0006 (4)	−0.0005 (4)	−0.0014 (4)
C2A	0.0130 (5)	0.0158 (5)	0.0139 (6)	0.0013 (4)	−0.0002 (4)	−0.0016 (4)
C3A	0.0131 (5)	0.0158 (5)	0.0138 (6)	−0.0009 (4)	−0.0002 (4)	0.0002 (4)
C4A	0.0134 (5)	0.0168 (5)	0.0164 (6)	0.0010 (4)	−0.0016 (5)	0.0006 (5)
C5A	0.0137 (6)	0.0178 (5)	0.0218 (7)	0.0026 (4)	0.0002 (5)	−0.0031 (5)
C6A	0.0154 (6)	0.0187 (6)	0.0164 (6)	0.0019 (5)	0.0018 (5)	−0.0035 (5)
C7A	0.0152 (6)	0.0212 (6)	0.0132 (6)	0.0000 (5)	0.0003 (4)	0.0019 (5)
C11A	0.0139 (5)	0.0149 (5)	0.0129 (6)	−0.0001 (4)	0.0006 (4)	0.0009 (4)
C12A	0.0164 (6)	0.0150 (5)	0.0159 (6)	0.0004 (4)	0.0029 (5)	0.0001 (4)
C13A	0.0234 (7)	0.0195 (6)	0.0140 (6)	0.0048 (5)	0.0039 (5)	0.0004 (5)
C14A	0.0231 (7)	0.0240 (6)	0.0168 (7)	0.0049 (6)	−0.0034 (5)	−0.0048 (5)
C15A	0.0173 (6)	0.0204 (6)	0.0229 (7)	0.0008 (5)	−0.0031 (6)	−0.0046 (5)
C16A	0.0156 (6)	0.0168 (5)	0.0176 (6)	−0.0021 (4)	0.0009 (5)	0.0008 (5)
C8A	0.0174 (6)	0.0172 (5)	0.0119 (6)	−0.0007 (5)	−0.0013 (5)	−0.0008 (4)
C10A	0.0198 (6)	0.0186 (6)	0.0124 (6)	0.0019 (5)	−0.0011 (5)	−0.0019 (4)
C9A	0.0252 (7)	0.0274 (7)	0.0203 (8)	−0.0059 (6)	−0.0010 (6)	0.0056 (6)
O3B	0.0133 (5)	0.0470 (7)	0.0186 (5)	−0.0006 (5)	0.0007 (4)	0.0032 (5)
O2B	0.0220 (5)	0.0163 (4)	0.0181 (5)	0.0008 (4)	−0.0050 (4)	−0.0008 (4)
O1B	0.0308 (6)	0.0185 (5)	0.0216 (6)	0.0002 (4)	−0.0118 (5)	−0.0020 (4)
C1B	0.0140 (5)	0.0152 (5)	0.0113 (5)	−0.0009 (4)	0.0005 (4)	0.0002 (4)
C2B	0.0121 (5)	0.0155 (5)	0.0135 (6)	0.0004 (4)	0.0005 (4)	0.0005 (4)
C3B	0.0124 (5)	0.0144 (5)	0.0127 (5)	−0.0002 (4)	0.0000 (4)	0.0005 (4)
C4B	0.0151 (6)	0.0162 (5)	0.0130 (6)	−0.0011 (4)	0.0018 (4)	0.0007 (4)
C5B	0.0151 (6)	0.0178 (5)	0.0171 (6)	−0.0034 (4)	0.0009 (5)	−0.0007 (5)
C6B	0.0155 (6)	0.0190 (6)	0.0138 (6)	−0.0027 (4)	−0.0014 (4)	−0.0012 (5)
C7B	0.0144 (5)	0.0192 (5)	0.0138 (6)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0000 (4)	0.0019 (5)
C11B	0.0145 (5)	0.0146 (5)	0.0124 (5)	−0.0009 (4)	0.0001 (4)	0.0001 (4)
C12B	0.0155 (6)	0.0151 (5)	0.0158 (6)	0.0003 (4)	−0.0024 (5)	0.0004 (4)
C13B	0.0229 (7)	0.0181 (6)	0.0133 (6)	−0.0026 (5)	−0.0025 (5)	0.0012 (5)
C14B	0.0223 (7)	0.0206 (6)	0.0150 (6)	−0.0033 (5)	0.0034 (5)	−0.0032 (5)
C15B	0.0169 (6)	0.0195 (6)	0.0191 (7)	−0.0002 (5)	0.0037 (5)	−0.0038 (5)
C16B	0.0156 (6)	0.0163 (5)	0.0158 (6)	0.0010 (5)	−0.0011 (5)	−0.0001 (4)
C8B	0.0150 (5)	0.0181 (5)	0.0114 (5)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0003 (4)	0.0011 (4)
C10B	0.0170 (6)	0.0158 (5)	0.0119 (6)	−0.0020 (4)	0.0014 (4)	0.0010 (4)
C9B	0.0218 (7)	0.0231 (6)	0.0162 (7)	0.0056 (5)	0.0023 (5)	−0.0002 (5)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O3A—C7A	1.2165 (19)	O3B—C7B	1.2197 (19)
O2A—H2A	0.8400	O2B—H2B	0.8400
O2A—C10A	1.317 (2)	O2B—C10B	1.3240 (17)
O1A—C10A	1.2151 (19)	O1B—C10B	1.2147 (18)
C1A—C2A	1.3888 (19)	C1B—C2B	1.3892 (19)
C1A—C6A	1.4006 (19)	C1B—C6B	1.399 (2)
C1A—C8A	1.5229 (19)	C1B—C8B	1.5284 (19)
C2A—H2AA	0.9500	C2B—H2BA	0.9500
C2A—C3A	1.4003 (19)	C2B—C3B	1.4042 (19)
C3A—C4A	1.3941 (19)	C3B—C4B	1.3966 (19)
C3A—C7A	1.492 (2)	C3B—C7B	1.4945 (19)
C4A—H4A	0.9500	C4B—H4B	0.9500
C4A—C5A	1.390 (2)	C4B—C5B	1.393 (2)
C5A—H5A	0.9500	C5B—H5B	0.9500
C5A—C6A	1.384 (2)	C5B—C6B	1.388 (2)
C6A—H6A	0.9500	C6B—H6B	0.9500
C7A—C11A	1.4914 (19)	C7B—C11B	1.4946 (19)
C11A—C12A	1.3995 (19)	C11B—C12B	1.3979 (19)
C11A—C16A	1.397 (2)	C11B—C16B	1.395 (2)
C12A—H12A	0.9500	C12B—H12B	0.9500
C12A—C13A	1.388 (2)	C12B—C13B	1.386 (2)
C13A—H13A	0.9500	C13B—H13B	0.9500
C13A—C14A	1.386 (2)	C13B—C14B	1.391 (2)
C14A—H14A	0.9500	C14B—H14B	0.9500
C14A—C15A	1.384 (2)	C14B—C15B	1.388 (2)
C15A—H15A	0.9500	C15B—H15B	0.9500
C15A—C16A	1.388 (2)	C15B—C16B	1.391 (2)
C16A—H16A	0.9500	C16B—H16B	0.9500
C8A—H8A	1.0000	C8B—H8B	1.0000
C8A—C10A	1.513 (2)	C8B—C10B	1.513 (2)
C8A—C9A	1.527 (2)	C8B—C9B	1.526 (2)
C9A—H9AA	0.9800	C9B—H9BA	0.9800
C9A—H9AB	0.9800	C9B—H9BB	0.9800
C9A—H9AC	0.9800	C9B—H9BC	0.9800
C10A—O2A—H2A	109.5	C10B—O2B—H2B	109.5
C2A—C1A—C6A	119.28 (13)	C2B—C1B—C6B	119.25 (12)
C2A—C1A—C8A	120.09 (12)	C2B—C1B—C8B	120.06 (12)
C6A—C1A—C8A	120.59 (13)	C6B—C1B—C8B	120.66 (12)
C1A—C2A—H2AA	119.8	C1B—C2B—H2BA	119.7
C1A—C2A—C3A	120.44 (12)	C1B—C2B—C3B	120.64 (12)
C3A—C2A—H2AA	119.8	C3B—C2B—H2BA	119.7
C2A—C3A—C7A	117.88 (12)	C2B—C3B—C7B	118.19 (12)
C4A—C3A—C2A	119.67 (13)	C4B—C3B—C2B	119.37 (12)
C4A—C3A—C7A	122.30 (13)	C4B—C3B—C7B	122.26 (12)
C3A—C4A—H4A	120.1	C3B—C4B—H4B	120.0
C5A—C4A—C3A	119.89 (13)	C5B—C4B—C3B	120.08 (13)
C5A—C4A—H4A	120.1	C5B—C4B—H4B	120.0
C4A—C5A—H5A	119.8	C4B—C5B—H5B	120.0
C6A—C5A—C4A	120.32 (13)	C6B—C5B—C4B	120.07 (13)
C6A—C5A—H5A	119.8	C6B—C5B—H5B	120.0
C1A—C6A—H6A	119.8	C1B—C6B—H6B	119.7
C5A—C6A—C1A	120.37 (13)	C5B—C6B—C1B	120.55 (13)
C5A—C6A—H6A	119.8	C5B—C6B—H6B	119.7
O3A—C7A—C3A	119.62 (14)	O3B—C7B—C3B	119.27 (13)
O3A—C7A—C11A	119.49 (13)	O3B—C7B—C11B	119.23 (13)
C11A—C7A—C3A	120.89 (12)	C11B—C7B—C3B	121.50 (12)
C12A—C11A—C7A	117.16 (12)	C12B—C11B—C7B	117.38 (12)
C16A—C11A—C7A	123.25 (13)	C16B—C11B—C7B	123.15 (12)
C16A—C11A—C12A	119.46 (13)	C16B—C11B—C12B	119.34 (13)
C11A—C12A—H12A	120.0	C11B—C12B—H12B	119.9
C13A—C12A—C11A	119.90 (13)	C13B—C12B—C11B	120.22 (13)
C13A—C12A—H12A	120.0	C13B—C12B—H12B	119.9
C12A—C13A—H13A	120.0	C12B—C13B—H13B	119.9
C14A—C13A—C12A	120.08 (14)	C12B—C13B—C14B	120.16 (14)
C14A—C13A—H13A	120.0	C14B—C13B—H13B	119.9
C13A—C14A—H14A	119.8	C13B—C14B—H14B	120.0
C15A—C14A—C13A	120.47 (14)	C15B—C14B—C13B	119.95 (14)
C15A—C14A—H14A	119.8	C15B—C14B—H14B	120.0
C14A—C15A—H15A	120.0	C14B—C15B—H15B	120.0
C14A—C15A—C16A	119.91 (14)	C14B—C15B—C16B	120.04 (14)
C16A—C15A—H15A	120.0	C16B—C15B—H15B	120.0
C11A—C16A—H16A	119.9	C11B—C16B—H16B	119.9
C15A—C16A—C11A	120.18 (14)	C15B—C16B—C11B	120.26 (13)
C15A—C16A—H16A	119.9	C15B—C16B—H16B	119.9
C1A—C8A—H8A	108.4	C1B—C8B—H8B	108.0
C1A—C8A—C9A	111.31 (12)	C10B—C8B—C1B	109.51 (12)
C10A—C8A—C1A	109.50 (11)	C10B—C8B—H8B	108.0
C10A—C8A—H8A	108.4	C10B—C8B—C9B	110.49 (12)
C10A—C8A—C9A	110.64 (13)	C9B—C8B—C1B	112.80 (12)
C9A—C8A—H8A	108.4	C9B—C8B—H8B	108.0
O2A—C10A—C8A	112.76 (12)	O2B—C10B—C8B	112.49 (12)
O1A—C10A—O2A	123.78 (15)	O1B—C10B—O2B	122.28 (14)
O1A—C10A—C8A	123.45 (15)	O1B—C10B—C8B	125.23 (13)
C8A—C9A—H9AA	109.5	C8B—C9B—H9BA	109.5
C8A—C9A—H9AB	109.5	C8B—C9B—H9BB	109.5
C8A—C9A—H9AC	109.5	C8B—C9B—H9BC	109.5
H9AA—C9A—H9AB	109.5	H9BA—C9B—H9BB	109.5
H9AA—C9A—H9AC	109.5	H9BA—C9B—H9BC	109.5
H9AB—C9A—H9AC	109.5	H9BB—C9B—H9BC	109.5
O3A—C7A—C11A—C12A	−26.6 (2)	O3B—C7B—C11B—C12B	26.7 (2)
O3A—C7A—C11A—C16A	149.23 (16)	O3B—C7B—C11B—C16B	−149.18 (16)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A	0.5 (2)	C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B	0.9 (2)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C7A	176.04 (13)	C1B—C2B—C3B—C7B	−174.35 (12)
C1A—C8A—C10A—O2A	−97.35 (15)	C1B—C8B—C10B—O2B	−81.60 (15)
C1A—C8A—C10A—O1A	82.27 (19)	C1B—C8B—C10B—O1B	98.18 (17)
C2A—C1A—C6A—C5A	1.7 (2)	C2B—C1B—C6B—C5B	−2.4 (2)
C2A—C1A—C8A—C10A	116.38 (14)	C2B—C1B—C8B—C10B	130.65 (13)
C2A—C1A—C8A—C9A	−120.97 (15)	C2B—C1B—C8B—C9B	−105.86 (15)
C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A	1.0 (2)	C2B—C3B—C4B—C5B	−2.0 (2)
C2A—C3A—C7A—O3A	−22.6 (2)	C2B—C3B—C7B—O3B	22.1 (2)
C2A—C3A—C7A—C11A	157.98 (13)	C2B—C3B—C7B—C11B	−159.00 (13)
C3A—C4A—C5A—C6A	−1.2 (2)	C3B—C4B—C5B—C6B	0.9 (2)
C3A—C7A—C11A—C12A	152.77 (13)	C3B—C7B—C11B—C12B	−152.24 (13)
C3A—C7A—C11A—C16A	−31.4 (2)	C3B—C7B—C11B—C16B	31.9 (2)
C4A—C3A—C7A—O3A	152.81 (16)	C4B—C3B—C7B—O3B	−153.05 (15)
C4A—C3A—C7A—C11A	−26.6 (2)	C4B—C3B—C7B—C11B	25.9 (2)
C4A—C5A—C6A—C1A	−0.2 (2)	C4B—C5B—C6B—C1B	1.3 (2)
C6A—C1A—C2A—C3A	−1.8 (2)	C6B—C1B—C2B—C3B	1.3 (2)
C6A—C1A—C8A—C10A	−66.01 (17)	C6B—C1B—C8B—C10B	−51.47 (17)
C6A—C1A—C8A—C9A	56.64 (17)	C6B—C1B—C8B—C9B	72.02 (17)
C7A—C3A—C4A—C5A	−174.34 (13)	C7B—C3B—C4B—C5B	173.05 (13)
C7A—C11A—C12A—C13A	176.81 (13)	C7B—C11B—C12B—C13B	−176.96 (13)
C7A—C11A—C16A—C15A	−175.57 (13)	C7B—C11B—C16B—C15B	175.30 (14)
C11A—C12A—C13A—C14A	−1.1 (2)	C11B—C12B—C13B—C14B	1.3 (2)
C12A—C11A—C16A—C15A	0.2 (2)	C12B—C11B—C16B—C15B	−0.5 (2)
C12A—C13A—C14A—C15A	0.3 (2)	C12B—C13B—C14B—C15B	−0.3 (2)
C13A—C14A—C15A—C16A	0.7 (2)	C13B—C14B—C15B—C16B	−1.1 (2)
C14A—C15A—C16A—C11A	−0.9 (2)	C14B—C15B—C16B—C11B	1.5 (2)
C16A—C11A—C12A—C13A	0.8 (2)	C16B—C11B—C12B—C13B	−0.9 (2)
C8A—C1A—C2A—C3A	175.84 (12)	C8B—C1B—C2B—C3B	179.19 (12)
C8A—C1A—C6A—C5A	−175.96 (13)	C8B—C1B—C6B—C5B	179.70 (13)
C9A—C8A—C10A—O2A	139.61 (14)	C9B—C8B—C10B—O2B	153.55 (13)
C9A—C8A—C10A—O1A	−40.8 (2)	C9B—C8B—C10B—O1B	−26.7 (2)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
O2A—H2A···O1A^i	0.84	1.89	2.6976 (17)	162
O2B—H2B···O1B^ii	0.84	1.88	2.6590 (16)	154

Symmetry codes: (i) x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+3/2.

2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (xd_refine)

Crystal data

C16H14O3	Dx = 1.348 Mg m^−3
Mr = 254.27	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Orthorhombic, P212121	Cell parameters from 9909 reflections
a = 6.1130 (5) Å	θ = 2.9–38.0°
b = 7.3809 (6) Å	µ = 0.09 mm^−1
c = 55.524 (5) Å	T = 100 K
V = 2505.2 (4) Å^3	Irregular, clear whiteish colourless
Z = 8	0.29 × 0.21 × 0.07 mm
F(000) = 1072

Data collection

Bruker SMART APEX2 area detector diffractometer	17839 independent reflections
Radiation source: microfocus sealed X-ray tube, Incoatec Iµs	11356 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror optics monochromator	Rint = 0.039
Detector resolution: 7.9 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 45.5°, θmin = 1.5°
ω and φ scans	h = −11→12
Absorption correction: empirical (using intensity measurements) SADABS-2012/1 (Bruker,2012) was used for absorption correction. wR2(int) was 0.0653 before and 0.0530 after correction. The Ratio of minimum to maximum transmission is 0.9339. The λ/2 correction factor is 0.0015.	k = −11→14
Tmin = 0.934, Tmax = 1.000	l = −103→83
66457 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	0 restraints
Least-squares matrix: full	H-atom parameters not defined?
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.038	w2 = q/[s^2(Fo^2) + (0.07 P)^2 + 0.18 P + 0.00 + 0.00 sin(th)] where P = (0.3333 Fo^2 + 0.6667 Fc^2) q = 1.0
wR(F^2) = 0.098	(Δ/σ)max = 0.00001
S = 1.44	Δρmax = 0.30 e Å^−3
8641 reflections	Δρmin = −0.29 e Å^−3
355 parameters

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O(3A)	0.78807 (17)	0.45299 (19)	0.376983 (19)	0.027
O(2A)	0.81055 (17)	0.59740 (14)	0.480247 (18)	0.020
H(2A)	0.83781	0.703	0.49149	0.033
O(1A)	0.4707 (2)	0.62060 (18)	0.49441 (2)	0.031
C(1A)	0.4508 (2)	0.45762 (16)	0.44200 (2)	0.013
C(2A)	0.55834 (19)	0.43005 (16)	0.42026 (2)	0.013
H(2AA)	0.71796	0.36715	0.42011	0.033
C(3A)	0.4606 (2)	0.48287 (16)	0.39857 (2)	0.013
C(4A)	0.2550 (2)	0.56506 (17)	0.39878 (2)	0.015
H(4A)	0.17749	0.60404	0.38207	0.032
C(5A)	0.1498 (2)	0.59638 (17)	0.42058 (2)	0.017
H(5A)	−0.00816	0.66265	0.42084	0.035
C(6A)	0.2470 (2)	0.54428 (18)	0.44210 (2)	0.016
H(6A)	0.1637	0.56942	0.45896	0.031
C(7A)	0.5899 (2)	0.46049 (18)	0.37596 (2)	0.015
C(11A)	0.4794 (2)	0.44923 (16)	0.35205 (2)	0.013
C(12A)	0.5987 (2)	0.50714 (17)	0.33195 (2)	0.015
H(12A)	0.76051	0.56365	0.33423	0.034
C(13A)	0.5092 (2)	0.49154 (18)	0.30905 (2)	0.018
H(13A)	0.59945	0.53819	0.29355	0.032
C(14A)	0.3026 (2)	0.4161 (2)	0.30604 (2)	0.020
H(14A)	0.23362	0.40373	0.28825	0.032
C(15A)	0.1845 (2)	0.35677 (18)	0.32589 (3)	0.019
H(15A)	0.02439	0.29676	0.32341	0.035
C(16A)	0.2712 (2)	0.37439 (17)	0.34887 (2)	0.016
H(16A)	0.17802	0.32964	0.36432	0.032
C(8A)	0.5508 (2)	0.38845 (17)	0.46538 (2)	0.014
H(8A)	0.70376	0.31733	0.46105	0.030
C(10A)	0.6043 (2)	0.54736 (18)	0.48158 (2)	0.016
C(9A)	0.3974 (3)	0.2559 (2)	0.47812 (3)	0.024
H(9AA)	0.24454	0.32203	0.48191	0.037
H(9AB)	0.47157	0.21186	0.49471	0.039
H(9AC)	0.36927	0.14045	0.46667	0.040
O(3B)	−0.05114 (16)	0.51122 (18)	0.629738 (19)	0.025
O(2B)	0.34818 (17)	0.18474 (13)	0.727252 (18)	0.017
H(2B)	0.44786	0.11675	0.73864	0.031
O(1B)	0.44594 (18)	0.41861 (14)	0.749842 (18)	0.022
C(1B)	0.28571 (19)	0.51888 (16)	0.69474 (2)	0.012
C(2B)	0.18022 (19)	0.48740 (16)	0.67297 (2)	0.013
H(2BA)	0.0212	0.42274	0.67287	0.033
C(3B)	0.2773 (2)	0.53934 (16)	0.65113 (2)	0.012
C(4B)	0.4837 (2)	0.62053 (17)	0.65135 (2)	0.014
H(4B)	0.56236	0.65681	0.63455	0.031
C(5B)	0.5887 (2)	0.65477 (17)	0.67318 (2)	0.015
H(5B)	0.74738	0.71937	0.67331	0.035
C(6B)	0.4894 (2)	0.60575 (17)	0.69476 (2)	0.015
H(6B)	0.56986	0.63537	0.71161	0.031
C(7B)	0.1472 (2)	0.51831 (17)	0.62851 (2)	0.015
C(11B)	0.2550 (2)	0.50849 (16)	0.60440 (2)	0.013
C(12B)	0.1345 (2)	0.56850 (17)	0.58450 (2)	0.014
H(12B)	−0.02699	0.62558	0.5871	0.034
C(13B)	0.2209 (2)	0.55568 (18)	0.56149 (2)	0.017
H(13B)	0.12883	0.6047	0.54622	0.032
C(14B)	0.4271 (2)	0.47853 (19)	0.55796 (2)	0.018
H(14B)	0.49397	0.46811	0.54002	0.030
C(15B)	0.5467 (2)	0.41634 (18)	0.57762 (2)	0.017
H(15B)	0.7048	0.35473	0.57489	0.032
C(16B)	0.4615 (2)	0.43259 (17)	0.60080 (2)	0.015
H(16B)	0.55659	0.38732	0.61607	0.031
C(8B)	0.1770 (2)	0.46372 (17)	0.71835 (2)	0.014
H(8B)	0.03813	0.37494	0.71411	0.031
C(10B)	0.3372 (2)	0.35673 (16)	0.73353 (2)	0.014
C(9B)	0.0890 (2)	0.62566 (19)	0.73249 (2)	0.019
H(9BA)	0.22097	0.71856	0.73623	0.039
H(9BB)	0.01902	0.57966	0.74919	0.040
H(9BC)	−0.03437	0.69375	0.72201	0.042

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O(3A)	0.0106 (4)	0.0559 (8)	0.0149 (5)	0.0012 (4)	0.0000 (3)	0.0025 (5)
O(2A)	0.0202 (5)	0.0208 (4)	0.0184 (5)	−0.0029 (4)	0.0009 (4)	−0.0044 (4)
H(2A)	0.030696	0.040625	0.028079	−0.007979	0.001907	−0.010459
O(1A)	0.0245 (5)	0.0378 (6)	0.0296 (6)	0.0059 (5)	0.0036 (5)	−0.0193 (5)
C(1A)	0.0136 (5)	0.0149 (5)	0.0116 (5)	0.0010 (4)	0.0000 (4)	−0.0010 (4)
C(2A)	0.0118 (5)	0.0157 (5)	0.0125 (5)	0.0018 (4)	0.0004 (4)	−0.0013 (4)
H(2AA)	0.024812	0.043374	0.030593	−0.001656	0.000061	0.009995
C(3A)	0.0109 (5)	0.0159 (5)	0.0133 (5)	−0.0005 (4)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0004 (4)
C(4A)	0.0114 (5)	0.0163 (5)	0.0161 (5)	0.0017 (4)	−0.0014 (4)	−0.0002 (4)
H(4A)	0.031972	0.040929	0.022749	0.002594	−0.002354	0.007498
C(5A)	0.0121 (5)	0.0181 (5)	0.0193 (6)	0.0037 (4)	0.0001 (4)	−0.0018 (4)
H(5A)	0.027473	0.046999	0.029888	0.00115	0.001644	0.013578
C(6A)	0.0134 (5)	0.0191 (5)	0.0153 (5)	0.0030 (4)	0.0016 (4)	−0.0029 (4)
H(6A)	0.030357	0.041197	0.022636	−0.000912	0.004894	0.005549
C(7A)	0.0112 (5)	0.0222 (6)	0.0126 (5)	0.0003 (4)	0.0000 (4)	0.0019 (4)
C(11A)	0.0132 (5)	0.0143 (5)	0.0120 (5)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0009 (4)	0.0009 (4)
C(12A)	0.0144 (5)	0.0158 (5)	0.0141 (5)	−0.0004 (4)	0.0028 (4)	0.0006 (4)
H(12A)	0.025105	0.046657	0.030568	−0.001974	0.000146	−0.007338
C(13A)	0.0212 (6)	0.0195 (5)	0.0125 (5)	0.0039 (5)	0.0033 (4)	−0.0001 (4)
H(13A)	0.031193	0.041148	0.02426	0.001607	0.005111	−0.002969
C(14A)	0.0215 (6)	0.0234 (6)	0.0154 (6)	0.0041 (5)	−0.0028 (5)	−0.0045 (5)
H(14A)	0.032555	0.040881	0.021904	−0.00064	−0.003819	−0.001395
C(15A)	0.0156 (5)	0.0207 (6)	0.0201 (6)	0.0002 (4)	−0.0032 (5)	−0.0040 (5)
H(15A)	0.028085	0.046315	0.03005	0.000255	−0.002473	−0.010163
C(16A)	0.0141 (5)	0.0166 (5)	0.0164 (5)	−0.0023 (4)	0.0009 (4)	0.0003 (4)
H(16A)	0.031688	0.04094	0.024012	0.00273	0.003141	−0.006183
C(8A)	0.0157 (5)	0.0154 (5)	0.0117 (5)	−0.0004 (4)	−0.0012 (4)	−0.0010 (4)
H(8A)	0.025408	0.035487	0.030245	−0.003293	0.001013	0.007633
C(10A)	0.0178 (5)	0.0175 (5)	0.0125 (5)	0.0021 (4)	0.0001 (4)	−0.0040 (4)
C(9A)	0.0245 (7)	0.0260 (7)	0.0207 (7)	−0.0061 (5)	−0.0010 (5)	0.0056 (5)
H(9AA)	0.029114	0.03503	0.047836	0.003451	0.0069	0.004151
H(9AB)	0.042074	0.044458	0.029088	0.008767	−0.010102	−0.003729
H(9AC)	0.056254	0.030785	0.032631	−0.010167	0.002535	−0.009627
O(3B)	0.0102 (4)	0.0496 (7)	0.0152 (4)	−0.0009 (4)	0.0002 (3)	0.0024 (5)
O(2B)	0.0204 (5)	0.0155 (4)	0.0159 (4)	0.0003 (3)	−0.0045 (3)	−0.0015 (3)
H(2B)	0.042385	0.02559	0.026475	0.000121	−0.007369	0.003748
O(1B)	0.0300 (5)	0.0151 (4)	0.0200 (5)	0.0007 (4)	−0.0119 (4)	−0.0022 (3)
C(1B)	0.0118 (5)	0.0144 (5)	0.0107 (5)	−0.0014 (4)	0.0003 (4)	0.0003 (4)
C(2B)	0.0105 (4)	0.0159 (5)	0.0121 (5)	0.0002 (4)	0.0005 (4)	0.0010 (4)
H(2BA)	0.024164	0.044929	0.030077	0.001757	−0.001085	−0.009598
C(3B)	0.0117 (5)	0.0142 (5)	0.0116 (5)	−0.0005 (4)	0.0002 (4)	0.0008 (4)
C(4B)	0.0137 (5)	0.0156 (5)	0.0124 (5)	−0.0014 (4)	0.0009 (4)	0.0005 (4)
H(4B)	0.032682	0.038628	0.02308	0.000859	0.003963	−0.007737
C(5B)	0.0132 (5)	0.0183 (5)	0.0147 (5)	−0.0037 (4)	0.0005 (4)	−0.0001 (4)
H(5B)	0.029578	0.043454	0.030688	−0.002217	0.000081	−0.014717
C(6B)	0.0145 (5)	0.0182 (5)	0.0137 (5)	−0.0033 (4)	−0.0010 (4)	−0.0012 (4)
H(6B)	0.032722	0.038665	0.022993	−0.00307	−0.004274	−0.006705
C(7B)	0.0113 (5)	0.0199 (5)	0.0127 (5)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0004 (4)	0.0019 (4)
C(11B)	0.0129 (5)	0.0139 (5)	0.0118 (5)	−0.0007 (4)	−0.0005 (4)	0.0003 (4)
C(12B)	0.0146 (5)	0.0144 (5)	0.0135 (5)	0.0003 (4)	−0.0022 (4)	0.0004 (4)
H(12B)	0.024872	0.048384	0.029764	0.001508	0.002025	0.010525
C(13B)	0.0199 (6)	0.0185 (5)	0.0118 (5)	−0.0016 (4)	−0.0010 (4)	0.0013 (4)
H(13B)	0.029946	0.041434	0.024	0.003863	−0.00318	0.006597
C(14B)	0.0203 (6)	0.0208 (5)	0.0139 (5)	−0.0023 (5)	0.0033 (4)	−0.0026 (4)
H(14B)	0.0297	0.038238	0.021992	−0.001147	0.003544	0.002488
C(15B)	0.0157 (5)	0.0192 (5)	0.0169 (6)	0.0004 (4)	0.0035 (4)	−0.0030 (4)
H(15B)	0.024799	0.041952	0.030399	−0.002189	0.000494	0.008976
C(16B)	0.0133 (5)	0.0160 (5)	0.0148 (5)	0.0021 (4)	0.0003 (4)	−0.0001 (4)
H(16B)	0.029215	0.03822	0.024365	0.001495	−0.00492	0.004973
C(8B)	0.0134 (5)	0.0168 (5)	0.0114 (5)	−0.0004 (4)	0.0006 (4)	0.0011 (4)
H(8B)	0.025959	0.036097	0.029823	0.000049	−0.002798	−0.007835
C(10B)	0.0170 (5)	0.0137 (5)	0.0111 (5)	−0.0018 (4)	−0.0009 (4)	0.0005 (4)
C(9B)	0.0208 (6)	0.0217 (6)	0.0155 (6)	0.0050 (5)	0.0028 (5)	−0.0001 (5)
H(9BA)	0.03373	0.035906	0.046754	−0.008678	0.001391	−0.003387
H(9BB)	0.048361	0.043426	0.027973	0.005843	0.011414	0.004013
H(9BC)	0.041799	0.050914	0.032877	0.000478	−0.009679	0.019501

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O(3A)—C(7A)	1.2140 (16)	O(3B)—C(7B)	1.2157 (16)
O(2A)—H(2A)	1.0124 (10)	O(2B)—H(2B)	1.0114 (10)
O(2A)—C(10A)	1.3157 (17)	O(2B)—C(10B)	1.3182 (15)
O(1A)—C(10A)	1.2114 (16)	O(1B)—C(10B)	1.2126 (16)
C(1A)—C(2A)	1.3896 (17)	C(1B)—C(2B)	1.3894 (16)
C(1A)—C(6A)	1.4005 (17)	C(1B)—C(6B)	1.4004 (17)
C(1A)—C(8A)	1.5229 (17)	C(1B)—C(8B)	1.5254 (16)
C(2A)—H(2AA)	1.0806 (12)	C(2B)—H(2BA)	1.0830 (12)
C(2A)—C(3A)	1.3998 (17)	C(2B)—C(3B)	1.4032 (16)
C(3A)—C(4A)	1.3954 (17)	C(3B)—C(4B)	1.3967 (17)
C(3A)—C(7A)	1.4927 (17)	C(3B)—C(7B)	1.4947 (17)
C(4A)—H(4A)	1.0811 (12)	C(4B)—H(4B)	1.0833 (12)
C(4A)—C(5A)	1.3898 (18)	C(4B)—C(5B)	1.3945 (18)
C(5A)—H(5A)	1.0824 (12)	C(5B)—H(5B)	1.0811 (12)
C(5A)—C(6A)	1.3891 (18)	C(5B)—C(6B)	1.3908 (18)
C(6A)—H(6A)	1.0816 (12)	C(6B)—H(6B)	1.0797 (13)
C(7A)—C(11A)	1.4917 (17)	C(7B)—C(11B)	1.4937 (17)
C(11A)—C(12A)	1.4005 (17)	C(11B)—C(12B)	1.3999 (17)
C(11A)—C(16A)	1.3984 (17)	C(11B)—C(16B)	1.3957 (17)
C(12A)—H(12A)	1.0808 (13)	C(12B)—H(12B)	1.0829 (12)
C(12A)—C(13A)	1.3887 (18)	C(12B)—C(13B)	1.3858 (18)
C(13A)—H(13A)	1.0789 (13)	C(13B)—H(13B)	1.0800 (13)
C(13A)—C(14A)	1.390 (2)	C(13B)—C(14B)	1.3970 (19)
C(14A)—H(14A)	1.0778 (13)	C(14B)—H(14B)	1.0793 (13)
C(14A)—C(15A)	1.389 (2)	C(14B)—C(15B)	1.392 (2)
C(15A)—H(15A)	1.0829 (14)	C(15B)—H(15B)	1.0789 (13)
C(15A)—C(16A)	1.3877 (19)	C(15B)—C(16B)	1.3934 (18)
C(16A)—H(16A)	1.0815 (13)	C(16B)—H(16B)	1.0807 (12)
C(8A)—H(8A)	1.0990 (13)	C(8B)—H(8B)	1.0978 (13)
C(8A)—C(10A)	1.5136 (17)	C(8B)—C(10B)	1.5145 (18)
C(8A)—C(9A)	1.529 (2)	C(8B)—C(9B)	1.5278 (18)
C(9A)—H(9AA)	1.0754 (17)	C(9B)—H(9BA)	1.0790 (15)
C(9A)—H(9AB)	1.0768 (15)	C(9B)—H(9BB)	1.0763 (14)
C(9A)—H(9AC)	1.0767 (16)	C(9B)—H(9BC)	1.0768 (14)
H(2A)—O(2A)—C(10A)	109.83 (10)	H(2B)—O(2B)—C(10B)	110.06 (10)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(6A)	119.41 (11)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(6B)	119.33 (11)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(8A)	120.10 (11)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(8B)	120.05 (11)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(8A)	120.45 (11)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(8B)	120.59 (11)
C(1A)—C(2A)—H(2AA)	119.79 (11)	C(1B)—C(2B)—H(2BA)	119.65 (11)
C(1A)—C(2A)—C(3A)	120.32 (11)	C(1B)—C(2B)—C(3B)	120.63 (11)
H(2AA)—C(2A)—C(3A)	119.89 (11)	H(2BA)—C(2B)—C(3B)	119.71 (11)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(4A)	119.87 (11)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(4B)	119.45 (11)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(7A)	117.83 (11)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(7B)	118.21 (11)
C(4A)—C(3A)—C(7A)	122.15 (11)	C(4B)—C(3B)—C(7B)	122.16 (11)
C(3A)—C(4A)—H(4A)	120.22 (12)	C(3B)—C(4B)—H(4B)	119.97 (11)
C(3A)—C(4A)—C(5A)	119.78 (11)	C(3B)—C(4B)—C(5B)	120.07 (11)
H(4A)—C(4A)—C(5A)	120.00 (11)	H(4B)—C(4B)—C(5B)	119.96 (11)
C(4A)—C(5A)—H(5A)	120.00 (12)	C(4B)—C(5B)—H(5B)	119.92 (12)
C(4A)—C(5A)—C(6A)	120.33 (11)	C(4B)—C(5B)—C(6B)	120.04 (11)
H(5A)—C(5A)—C(6A)	119.68 (12)	H(5B)—C(5B)—C(6B)	120.04 (12)
C(1A)—C(6A)—C(5A)	120.25 (12)	C(1B)—C(6B)—C(5B)	120.42 (12)
C(1A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	120.04 (12)	C(1B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	119.90 (12)
C(5A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	119.71 (12)	C(5B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	119.67 (12)
O(3A)—C(7A)—C(3A)	119.60 (12)	O(3B)—C(7B)—C(3B)	119.20 (12)
O(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)	119.41 (12)	O(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)	119.21 (12)
C(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)	120.98 (11)	C(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)	121.58 (11)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(12A)	117.16 (11)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(12B)	117.38 (11)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(16A)	123.13 (11)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(16B)	123.14 (11)
C(12A)—C(11A)—C(16A)	119.59 (12)	C(12B)—C(11B)—C(16B)	119.34 (11)
C(11A)—C(12A)—H(12A)	120.06 (12)	C(11B)—C(12B)—H(12B)	119.84 (11)
C(11A)—C(12A)—C(13A)	119.94 (12)	C(11B)—C(12B)—C(13B)	120.37 (12)
H(12A)—C(12A)—C(13A)	120.00 (12)	H(12B)—C(12B)—C(13B)	119.79 (12)
C(12A)—C(13A)—H(13A)	120.15 (13)	C(12B)—C(13B)—H(13B)	120.15 (13)
C(12A)—C(13A)—C(14A)	120.10 (12)	C(12B)—C(13B)—C(14B)	120.08 (12)
H(13A)—C(13A)—C(14A)	119.74 (13)	H(13B)—C(13B)—C(14B)	119.77 (12)
C(13A)—C(14A)—H(14A)	120.00 (13)	C(13B)—C(14B)—H(14B)	120.03 (13)
C(13A)—C(14A)—C(15A)	120.20 (12)	C(13B)—C(14B)—C(15B)	119.88 (12)
H(14A)—C(14A)—C(15A)	119.80 (13)	H(14B)—C(14B)—C(15B)	120.09 (13)
C(14A)—C(15A)—H(15A)	119.86 (13)	C(14B)—C(15B)—H(15B)	119.95 (12)
C(14A)—C(15A)—C(16A)	120.09 (12)	C(14B)—C(15B)—C(16B)	120.00 (12)
H(15A)—C(15A)—C(16A)	120.05 (13)	H(15B)—C(15B)—C(16B)	120.06 (12)
C(11A)—C(16A)—C(15A)	120.07 (12)	C(11B)—C(16B)—C(15B)	120.31 (12)
C(11A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	119.98 (12)	C(11B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	119.88 (11)
C(15A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	119.95 (12)	C(15B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	119.81 (12)
C(1A)—C(8A)—H(8A)	108.36 (10)	C(1B)—C(8B)—H(8B)	108.17 (10)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(10A)	109.47 (10)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(10B)	109.62 (10)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)	111.27 (11)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)	112.72 (10)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(10A)	108.44 (10)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(10B)	107.95 (10)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(9A)	108.50 (11)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(9B)	107.76 (11)
C(10A)—C(8A)—C(9A)	110.72 (11)	C(10B)—C(8B)—C(9B)	110.47 (10)
O(2A)—C(10A)—O(1A)	123.64 (13)	O(2B)—C(10B)—O(1B)	122.17 (12)
O(2A)—C(10A)—C(8A)	113.03 (11)	O(2B)—C(10B)—C(8B)	112.82 (11)
O(1A)—C(10A)—C(8A)	123.33 (13)	O(1B)—C(10B)—C(8B)	125.01 (11)
C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AA)	109.44 (13)	C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BA)	109.44 (12)
C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AB)	109.31 (12)	C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BB)	109.62 (11)
C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	109.36 (13)	C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	109.52 (12)
H(9AA)—C(9A)—H(9AB)	109.59 (14)	H(9BA)—C(9B)—H(9BB)	109.36 (12)
H(9AA)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	109.63 (14)	H(9BA)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	109.34 (12)
H(9AB)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	109.50 (14)	H(9BB)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	109.54 (12)
H(2A)—O(2A)—C(10A)—O(1A)	0.50 (12)	H(2B)—O(2B)—C(10B)—O(1B)	4.29 (11)
H(2A)—O(2A)—C(10A)—C(8A)	−179.50 (15)	H(2B)—O(2B)—C(10B)—C(8B)	−175.65 (14)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(2A)—H(2AA)	178.04 (18)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(2B)—H(2BA)	−178.76 (18)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(2A)—C(3A)	−2.14 (12)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(2B)—C(3B)	0.94 (11)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(6A)—C(5A)	2.27 (12)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(6B)—C(5B)	−2.11 (12)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	−178.48 (19)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	177.69 (19)
C(8A)—C(1A)—C(2A)—H(2AA)	−3.97 (10)	C(8B)—C(1B)—C(2B)—H(2BA)	−0.43 (10)
C(8A)—C(1A)—C(2A)—C(3A)	175.85 (18)	C(8B)—C(1B)—C(2B)—C(3B)	179.27 (17)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—H(8A)	−1.88 (11)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—H(8B)	12.98 (11)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—C(10A)	116.20 (15)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—C(10B)	130.45 (15)
C(2A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)	−121.09 (15)	C(2B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)	−106.06 (14)
C(8A)—C(1A)—C(6A)—C(5A)	−175.71 (18)	C(8B)—C(1B)—C(6B)—C(5B)	179.58 (18)
C(8A)—C(1A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	3.53 (11)	C(8B)—C(1B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	−0.63 (11)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—H(8A)	176.09 (16)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—H(8B)	−168.72 (16)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—C(10A)	−65.82 (13)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—C(10B)	−51.24 (12)
C(6A)—C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)	56.88 (13)	C(6B)—C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)	72.24 (13)
C(1A)—C(2A)—C(3A)—C(4A)	0.56 (12)	C(1B)—C(2B)—C(3B)—C(4B)	1.13 (11)
C(1A)—C(2A)—C(3A)—C(7A)	176.20 (17)	C(1B)—C(2B)—C(3B)—C(7B)	−174.22 (17)
H(2AA)—C(2A)—C(3A)—C(4A)	−179.62 (18)	H(2BA)—C(2B)—C(3B)—C(4B)	−179.17 (18)
H(2AA)—C(2A)—C(3A)—C(7A)	−3.98 (11)	H(2BA)—C(2B)—C(3B)—C(7B)	5.48 (10)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(4A)—H(4A)	−178.94 (19)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(4B)—H(4B)	177.87 (18)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(4A)—C(5A)	0.91 (12)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(4B)—C(5B)	−2.06 (12)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(7A)—O(3A)	−22.67 (13)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(7B)—O(3B)	22.08 (12)
C(2A)—C(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)	158.02 (17)	C(2B)—C(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)	−158.82 (17)
C(4A)—C(3A)—C(7A)—O(3A)	152.87 (19)	C(4B)—C(3B)—C(7B)—O(3B)	−153.14 (18)
C(7A)—C(3A)—C(4A)—H(4A)	5.62 (11)	C(7B)—C(3B)—C(4B)—H(4B)	−6.97 (11)
C(7A)—C(3A)—C(4A)—C(5A)	−174.53 (19)	C(7B)—C(3B)—C(4B)—C(5B)	173.10 (18)
C(4A)—C(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)	−26.44 (12)	C(4B)—C(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)	25.96 (12)
C(3A)—C(4A)—C(5A)—H(5A)	178.71 (19)	C(3B)—C(4B)—C(5B)—H(5B)	−179.13 (19)
C(3A)—C(4A)—C(5A)—C(6A)	−0.78 (12)	C(3B)—C(4B)—C(5B)—C(6B)	0.92 (12)
H(4A)—C(4A)—C(5A)—H(5A)	−1.44 (11)	H(4B)—C(4B)—C(5B)—H(5B)	0.95 (11)
H(4A)—C(4A)—C(5A)—C(6A)	179.06 (19)	H(4B)—C(4B)—C(5B)—C(6B)	−179.01 (19)
C(4A)—C(5A)—C(6A)—C(1A)	−0.81 (12)	C(4B)—C(5B)—C(6B)—C(1B)	1.18 (12)
C(4A)—C(5A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	179.9 (2)	C(4B)—C(5B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	−178.61 (19)
H(5A)—C(5A)—C(6A)—C(1A)	179.7 (2)	H(5B)—C(5B)—C(6B)—C(1B)	−178.77 (19)
H(5A)—C(5A)—C(6A)—H(6A)	0.44 (11)	H(5B)—C(5B)—C(6B)—H(6B)	1.43 (11)
O(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)—C(12A)	−26.66 (13)	O(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)—C(12B)	26.84 (13)
O(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)—C(16A)	149.34 (19)	O(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)—C(16B)	−148.98 (19)
C(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)—C(12A)	152.65 (17)	C(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)—C(12B)	−152.26 (17)
C(3A)—C(7A)—C(11A)—C(16A)	−31.35 (12)	C(3B)—C(7B)—C(11B)—C(16B)	31.91 (12)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(12A)—H(12A)	−3.12 (11)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(12B)—H(12B)	3.03 (11)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(12A)—C(13A)	176.74 (18)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(12B)—C(13B)	−177.13 (18)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(16A)—C(15A)	−175.51 (19)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(16B)—C(15B)	175.60 (19)
C(7A)—C(11A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	4.22 (11)	C(7B)—C(11B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	−4.97 (11)
C(16A)—C(11A)—C(12A)—H(12A)	−179.26 (19)	C(16B)—C(11B)—C(12B)—H(12B)	179.02 (18)
C(16A)—C(11A)—C(12A)—C(13A)	0.60 (12)	C(16B)—C(11B)—C(12B)—C(13B)	−1.14 (12)
C(12A)—C(11A)—C(16A)—C(15A)	0.40 (12)	C(12B)—C(11B)—C(16B)—C(15B)	−0.15 (12)
C(12A)—C(11A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	−179.87 (19)	C(12B)—C(11B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	179.28 (18)
C(11A)—C(12A)—C(13A)—H(13A)	178.9 (2)	C(11B)—C(12B)—C(13B)—H(13B)	−178.71 (19)
C(11A)—C(12A)—C(13A)—C(14A)	−0.93 (12)	C(11B)—C(12B)—C(13B)—C(14B)	1.57 (12)
H(12A)—C(12A)—C(13A)—H(13A)	−1.23 (11)	H(12B)—C(12B)—C(13B)—H(13B)	1.13 (11)
H(12A)—C(12A)—C(13A)—C(14A)	178.9 (2)	H(12B)—C(12B)—C(13B)—C(14B)	−178.59 (19)
C(12A)—C(13A)—C(14A)—H(14A)	−179.8 (2)	C(12B)—C(13B)—C(14B)—H(14B)	179.8 (2)
C(12A)—C(13A)—C(14A)—C(15A)	0.27 (13)	C(12B)—C(13B)—C(14B)—C(15B)	−0.71 (13)
H(13A)—C(13A)—C(14A)—H(14A)	0.36 (12)	H(13B)—C(13B)—C(14B)—H(14B)	0.03 (12)
H(13A)—C(13A)—C(14A)—C(15A)	−179.6 (2)	H(13B)—C(13B)—C(14B)—C(15B)	179.6 (2)
C(13A)—C(14A)—C(15A)—H(15A)	−179.3 (2)	C(13B)—C(14B)—C(15B)—H(15B)	179.0 (2)
C(13A)—C(14A)—C(15A)—C(16A)	0.73 (13)	C(13B)—C(14B)—C(15B)—C(16B)	−0.58 (12)
H(14A)—C(14A)—C(15A)—H(15A)	0.75 (12)	H(14B)—C(14B)—C(15B)—H(15B)	−1.47 (12)
H(14A)—C(14A)—C(15A)—C(16A)	−179.2 (2)	H(14B)—C(14B)—C(15B)—C(16B)	179.0 (2)
C(14A)—C(15A)—C(16A)—C(11A)	−1.06 (13)	C(14B)—C(15B)—C(16B)—C(11B)	1.01 (12)
C(14A)—C(15A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	179.2 (2)	C(14B)—C(15B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	−178.4 (2)
H(15A)—C(15A)—C(16A)—C(11A)	179.0 (2)	H(15B)—C(15B)—C(16B)—C(11B)	−178.6 (2)
H(15A)—C(15A)—C(16A)—H(16A)	−0.74 (12)	H(15B)—C(15B)—C(16B)—H(16B)	2.00 (11)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(2A)	−97.43 (13)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(2B)	−81.88 (12)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(1A)	82.56 (15)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(1B)	98.19 (15)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AA)	−58.82 (13)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BA)	−58.20 (12)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AB)	−178.85 (16)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BB)	−178.14 (16)
C(1A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	61.28 (13)	C(1B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	61.65 (12)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(2A)	20.61 (11)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(2B)	35.74 (11)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(1A)	−159.40 (18)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(1B)	−144.19 (17)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AA)	−177.94 (16)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BA)	−177.48 (15)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AB)	62.03 (13)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BB)	62.58 (12)
H(8A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	−57.84 (13)	H(8B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	−57.63 (12)
C(9A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(2A)	139.53 (15)	C(9B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(2B)	153.32 (15)
C(9A)—C(8A)—C(10A)—O(1A)	−40.47 (14)	C(9B)—C(8B)—C(10B)—O(1B)	−26.61 (13)
C(10A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AA)	63.17 (13)	C(10B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BA)	64.81 (12)
C(10A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AB)	−56.86 (13)	C(10B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BB)	−55.13 (12)
C(10A)—C(8A)—C(9A)—H(9AC)	−176.73 (17)	C(10B)—C(8B)—C(9B)—H(9BC)	−175.34 (15)