Figure 1
The A (green), B (blue), and X (red) sites in conventional and hybrid perovskites, showing the larger A-site ions possible as the length of the X-site linker increases: (a) monatomic X and A (Goldschmidt, 1927); (b) diatomic X = cyanide, A = imidazolium (Zhang et al., 2010); (c) triatomic X = formate, A = guanidinium (Hu et al., 2009). |