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Experiments by Borrmann show that the absorption of the primary X-ray in a perfect crystal is affected, and sometimes reduced, by the presence of diffracted rays. The paper discusses the case where both the primary and the diffracted rays leave the crystal slab by the same face; the change of absorption of the primary ray is calculated according to the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction and is found to be in general agreement with Borrmann's observations.