Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807038147/gw2019sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807038147/gw2019Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 660227
To a mixture of 4-methylsulfanylbenzaldehyde (1.52 g, 0.01 mol) and 4-bromo-acetophenone (1.99 g, 0.01 mol) in ethanol (25 ml), a solution of potassium hydroxide (5%, 5 ml) was added slowly with stirring (Fig. 3). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, dried and recrystallized from acetone- toluene mixture (9:1), with a yield of 85% (m.p.: 430 K). Analysis found: C 57.55, H 3.72%; C16H13BrOS requires: C 57.67, H 3.93%.
The H atoms were included in the riding model approximation with C—H = 0.95–0.98 Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.17–1.50Ueq(C).
Chalcones possess a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, antihelmintic, amoebicidal, anti-ulcer, antiviral, insecticidal, antiprotozoal, anticancer, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities. Among the various organic compounds reported for their non-linear optical (NLO) properties, chalcone derivatives are notable for their excellent blue-light transmittance and good crystallizability. They provide a necessary molecular electronic configuration to show NLO effects, with two aromatic rings connected through a conjugated bridge. Substitution on either of the benzene rings appears to increase the likelihood of non-centrosymmetric crystal packing, as well as enhancing the electronic properties of the molecule. The molecular hyperpolarizability β are strongly influenced not only by the electronic effect but also by the steric effect of the substituent. In continuation of our quest to discover newer materials, we have synthesized a new chalcone derivative and studied its SHG efficiency. The SHG efficiency of the title compound is found to be five times that of urea. In view of the importance of the title compound, (I), C16H13BrOS, a crystal structure is reported here.
The mean planes of the 4-bromophenyl and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl groups are coplanar and twisted by 47.4 (2)° from each other (Fig. 1). The angles between the mean plane of the prop-2-en-1-one group and that of the 4-bromophenyl [torsion angle (C8–C7–C1–C2) = 159.15 (18) °] and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl [torsion angle (C8–C9–C10–C15) = 178.5 (2)°] groups are 21.1 (4)° and 26.3 (2)°, respectively.
Crystal packing is highlighted by alignment of adjacent molecules syn to each other, oblique to the ac plane and stacked in parallel arrays along the c axis of the unit cell. The closest distance between mean planes of the coplanar 4-bromophenyl and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl groups is 4.536 (2) and 4.539 (2) Å, respectively (Fig. 2).
For related structures, see: Butcher, Yathirajan, Sarojini et al. (2006); Butcher, Yathirajan, Anilkumar et al. 2006a,b,c). For related background, see: Dimmock et al. (1999); Lawrence et al. (2001); Phrutivorapongkul et al. (2003); Xia et al. (2000); Pandey et al. (2005); Uchida et al. (1998); Goto et al. (1991); Tam et al. (1989); Indira et al. (2002); Fichou et al. (1988) and Cho et al. (1996).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2006); cell refinement: APEX2; data reduction: APEX2; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2000).
C16H13BrOS | F(000) = 672 |
Mr = 333.23 | Dx = 1.614 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, Cc | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 33.729 (6) Å | Cell parameters from 7711 reflections |
b = 6.9503 (12) Å | θ = 2.4–30.7° |
c = 5.8487 (10) Å | µ = 3.14 mm−1 |
β = 90.868 (3)° | T = 100 K |
V = 1371.0 (4) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.60 × 0.50 × 0.39 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2086 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1986 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.049 |
ω scans | θmax = 30.6°, θmin = 2.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −48→47 |
Tmin = 0.515, Tmax = 1.000 | k = −9→9 |
7498 measured reflections | l = −8→8 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2)] |
S = 1.53 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
2086 reflections | Δρmax = 1.05 e Å−3 |
173 parameters | Δρmin = −0.45 e Å−3 |
2 restraints | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), with 1949 anomalous pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: 0.016 (5) |
C16H13BrOS | V = 1371.0 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 333.23 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, Cc | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 33.729 (6) Å | µ = 3.14 mm−1 |
b = 6.9503 (12) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 5.8487 (10) Å | 0.60 × 0.50 × 0.39 mm |
β = 90.868 (3)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2086 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 1986 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.515, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.049 |
7498 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | Δρmax = 1.05 e Å−3 |
S = 1.53 | Δρmin = −0.45 e Å−3 |
2086 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), with 1949 anomalous pairs |
173 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: 0.016 (5) |
2 restraints |
Experimental. 1H NMR (CD2Cl2) δ 7.88 (d, 2H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.64 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 1H), 7.42 (d, 1H), 7.26 (d, 2H), 2.52 (s, 3H). |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Br | 1.120444 (16) | 0.21264 (5) | 0.47652 (4) | 0.02440 (11) | |
S | 0.72237 (3) | 0.30093 (13) | 0.31258 (15) | 0.0207 (2) | |
O | 0.94871 (10) | 0.2763 (4) | 1.0726 (5) | 0.0253 (6) | |
C1 | 0.99256 (13) | 0.2650 (5) | 0.7622 (7) | 0.0181 (7) | |
C2 | 1.02506 (12) | 0.3265 (5) | 0.8931 (7) | 0.0182 (7) | |
H2A | 1.0209 | 0.3782 | 1.0411 | 0.022* | |
C3 | 1.06277 (13) | 0.3137 (5) | 0.8122 (7) | 0.0193 (7) | |
H3A | 1.0847 | 0.3587 | 0.9011 | 0.023* | |
C4 | 1.06860 (13) | 0.2320 (5) | 0.5932 (7) | 0.0197 (7) | |
C5 | 1.03697 (12) | 0.1710 (5) | 0.4606 (7) | 0.0187 (7) | |
H5A | 1.0412 | 0.1172 | 0.3136 | 0.022* | |
C6 | 0.99861 (12) | 0.1887 (5) | 0.5438 (7) | 0.0182 (7) | |
H6A | 0.9766 | 0.1491 | 0.4523 | 0.022* | |
C7 | 0.95225 (14) | 0.2734 (5) | 0.8619 (7) | 0.0200 (7) | |
C8 | 0.91725 (15) | 0.2746 (5) | 0.7062 (7) | 0.0188 (7) | |
H8A | 0.9199 | 0.3109 | 0.5506 | 0.023* | |
C9 | 0.88213 (15) | 0.2243 (5) | 0.7859 (7) | 0.0177 (7) | |
H9A | 0.8817 | 0.1783 | 0.9388 | 0.021* | |
C10 | 0.84376 (14) | 0.2322 (5) | 0.6626 (7) | 0.0160 (7) | |
C11 | 0.83901 (11) | 0.3127 (5) | 0.4409 (6) | 0.0169 (7) | |
H11A | 0.8617 | 0.3544 | 0.3605 | 0.020* | |
C12 | 0.80217 (12) | 0.3315 (5) | 0.3408 (6) | 0.0171 (7) | |
H12A | 0.7996 | 0.3870 | 0.1928 | 0.020* | |
C13 | 0.76798 (12) | 0.2691 (5) | 0.4555 (6) | 0.0166 (7) | |
C14 | 0.77203 (12) | 0.1864 (5) | 0.6720 (7) | 0.0173 (7) | |
H14A | 0.7494 | 0.1419 | 0.7506 | 0.021* | |
C15 | 0.80961 (12) | 0.1698 (5) | 0.7717 (6) | 0.0158 (7) | |
H15A | 0.8121 | 0.1139 | 0.9195 | 0.019* | |
C16 | 0.68734 (13) | 0.2242 (6) | 0.5225 (8) | 0.0285 (9) | |
H16A | 0.6603 | 0.2445 | 0.4633 | 0.043* | |
H16B | 0.6913 | 0.2990 | 0.6630 | 0.043* | |
H16C | 0.6913 | 0.0873 | 0.5555 | 0.043* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Br | 0.01786 (18) | 0.03035 (19) | 0.02513 (18) | 0.0017 (2) | 0.00495 (13) | −0.0012 (2) |
S | 0.0181 (5) | 0.0240 (5) | 0.0198 (4) | 0.0002 (3) | −0.0026 (4) | 0.0017 (4) |
O | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0394 (18) | 0.0150 (13) | 0.0021 (13) | −0.0020 (12) | 0.0013 (12) |
C1 | 0.0207 (19) | 0.0169 (16) | 0.0167 (16) | 0.0017 (13) | 0.0015 (14) | 0.0028 (13) |
C2 | 0.0232 (19) | 0.0111 (14) | 0.0203 (16) | 0.0024 (12) | −0.0008 (14) | −0.0009 (13) |
C3 | 0.0199 (17) | 0.0184 (17) | 0.0194 (18) | −0.0007 (13) | −0.0033 (14) | 0.0002 (13) |
C4 | 0.0225 (19) | 0.0168 (16) | 0.0200 (17) | 0.0019 (13) | 0.0023 (14) | 0.0025 (13) |
C5 | 0.023 (2) | 0.0164 (16) | 0.0172 (17) | 0.0024 (13) | 0.0023 (15) | 0.0000 (13) |
C6 | 0.0201 (18) | 0.0152 (16) | 0.0193 (16) | 0.0007 (12) | −0.0037 (14) | 0.0010 (13) |
C7 | 0.022 (2) | 0.0162 (16) | 0.0213 (18) | 0.0031 (14) | −0.0021 (16) | −0.0008 (14) |
C8 | 0.019 (2) | 0.0206 (19) | 0.0172 (17) | −0.0005 (14) | −0.0021 (16) | −0.0015 (14) |
C9 | 0.023 (2) | 0.0154 (17) | 0.0144 (16) | −0.0014 (14) | 0.0000 (15) | −0.0011 (13) |
C10 | 0.019 (2) | 0.0135 (16) | 0.0152 (17) | −0.0028 (13) | 0.0016 (16) | 0.0000 (13) |
C11 | 0.0184 (17) | 0.0162 (16) | 0.0161 (16) | −0.0003 (11) | 0.0032 (14) | 0.0000 (12) |
C12 | 0.0224 (19) | 0.0142 (14) | 0.0147 (17) | −0.0013 (14) | 0.0020 (14) | 0.0001 (13) |
C13 | 0.0182 (18) | 0.0173 (16) | 0.0143 (15) | −0.0001 (12) | −0.0001 (14) | −0.0003 (12) |
C14 | 0.0177 (19) | 0.0172 (16) | 0.0170 (16) | −0.0024 (13) | 0.0036 (14) | −0.0019 (13) |
C15 | 0.0177 (19) | 0.0157 (15) | 0.0139 (16) | 0.0004 (13) | 0.0007 (14) | −0.0013 (13) |
C16 | 0.016 (2) | 0.040 (2) | 0.029 (2) | −0.0035 (16) | 0.0028 (17) | 0.0044 (18) |
Br—C4 | 1.892 (4) | C8—H8A | 0.9500 |
S—C13 | 1.754 (4) | C9—C10 | 1.473 (7) |
S—C16 | 1.798 (5) | C9—H9A | 0.9500 |
O—C7 | 1.240 (5) | C10—C15 | 1.395 (6) |
C1—C2 | 1.394 (6) | C10—C11 | 1.419 (5) |
C1—C6 | 1.401 (5) | C11—C12 | 1.372 (6) |
C1—C7 | 1.489 (6) | C11—H11A | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.367 (6) | C12—C13 | 1.411 (5) |
C2—H2A | 0.9500 | C12—H12A | 0.9500 |
C3—C4 | 1.417 (5) | C13—C14 | 1.395 (5) |
C3—H3A | 0.9500 | C14—C15 | 1.392 (6) |
C4—C5 | 1.377 (6) | C14—H14A | 0.9500 |
C5—C6 | 1.394 (6) | C15—H15A | 0.9500 |
C5—H5A | 0.9500 | C16—H16A | 0.9800 |
C6—H6A | 0.9500 | C16—H16B | 0.9800 |
C7—C8 | 1.480 (6) | C16—H16C | 0.9800 |
C8—C9 | 1.326 (6) | ||
C13—S—C16 | 102.6 (2) | C8—C9—H9A | 116.5 |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.5 (4) | C10—C9—H9A | 116.5 |
C2—C1—C7 | 119.2 (3) | C15—C10—C11 | 117.3 (4) |
C6—C1—C7 | 121.2 (4) | C15—C10—C9 | 119.3 (3) |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.2 (3) | C11—C10—C9 | 123.2 (4) |
C3—C2—H2A | 119.4 | C12—C11—C10 | 121.1 (4) |
C1—C2—H2A | 119.4 | C12—C11—H11A | 119.4 |
C2—C3—C4 | 118.8 (4) | C10—C11—H11A | 119.4 |
C2—C3—H3A | 120.6 | C11—C12—C13 | 120.6 (4) |
C4—C3—H3A | 120.6 | C11—C12—H12A | 119.7 |
C5—C4—C3 | 121.0 (4) | C13—C12—H12A | 119.7 |
C5—C4—Br | 119.2 (3) | C14—C13—C12 | 119.3 (4) |
C3—C4—Br | 119.7 (3) | C14—C13—S | 123.9 (3) |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.4 (4) | C12—C13—S | 116.9 (3) |
C4—C5—H5A | 120.3 | C15—C14—C13 | 119.4 (4) |
C6—C5—H5A | 120.3 | C15—C14—H14A | 120.3 |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.0 (4) | C13—C14—H14A | 120.3 |
C5—C6—H6A | 120.0 | C14—C15—C10 | 122.4 (4) |
C1—C6—H6A | 120.0 | C14—C15—H15A | 118.8 |
O—C7—C8 | 121.6 (4) | C10—C15—H15A | 118.8 |
O—C7—C1 | 119.5 (4) | S—C16—H16A | 109.5 |
C8—C7—C1 | 118.9 (4) | S—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C9—C8—C7 | 119.4 (4) | H16A—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C9—C8—H8A | 120.3 | S—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C7—C8—H8A | 120.3 | H16A—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C8—C9—C10 | 126.9 (4) | H16B—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.0 (5) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | 174.5 (3) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | 177.2 (3) | C8—C9—C10—C15 | 178.7 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.5 (5) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | −5.6 (6) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 1.7 (5) | C15—C10—C11—C12 | 1.2 (5) |
C2—C3—C4—Br | 179.9 (3) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −174.5 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.4 (5) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.6 (5) |
Br—C4—C5—C6 | −178.6 (3) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.5 (5) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −1.1 (5) | C11—C12—C13—S | 179.7 (3) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 1.4 (5) | C16—S—C13—C14 | 4.9 (4) |
C7—C1—C6—C5 | −175.8 (3) | C16—S—C13—C12 | −175.2 (3) |
C2—C1—C7—O | −22.1 (5) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | 0.9 (5) |
C6—C1—C7—O | 155.0 (4) | S—C13—C14—C15 | −179.2 (3) |
C2—C1—C7—C8 | 159.0 (3) | C13—C14—C15—C10 | −0.3 (5) |
C6—C1—C7—C8 | −23.9 (5) | C11—C10—C15—C14 | −0.8 (5) |
O—C7—C8—C9 | −19.0 (6) | C9—C10—C15—C14 | 175.1 (3) |
C1—C7—C8—C9 | 159.8 (3) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C16H13BrOS |
Mr | 333.23 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, Cc |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 33.729 (6), 6.9503 (12), 5.8487 (10) |
β (°) | 90.868 (3) |
V (Å3) | 1371.0 (4) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 3.14 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.60 × 0.50 × 0.39 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.515, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7498, 2086, 1986 |
Rint | 0.049 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.717 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.035, 0.078, 1.53 |
No. of reflections | 2086 |
No. of parameters | 173 |
No. of restraints | 2 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 1.05, −0.45 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), with 1949 anomalous pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | 0.016 (5) |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2006), APEX2, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997), SHELXTL (Bruker, 2000).
Chalcones possess a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, antihelmintic, amoebicidal, anti-ulcer, antiviral, insecticidal, antiprotozoal, anticancer, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities. Among the various organic compounds reported for their non-linear optical (NLO) properties, chalcone derivatives are notable for their excellent blue-light transmittance and good crystallizability. They provide a necessary molecular electronic configuration to show NLO effects, with two aromatic rings connected through a conjugated bridge. Substitution on either of the benzene rings appears to increase the likelihood of non-centrosymmetric crystal packing, as well as enhancing the electronic properties of the molecule. The molecular hyperpolarizability β are strongly influenced not only by the electronic effect but also by the steric effect of the substituent. In continuation of our quest to discover newer materials, we have synthesized a new chalcone derivative and studied its SHG efficiency. The SHG efficiency of the title compound is found to be five times that of urea. In view of the importance of the title compound, (I), C16H13BrOS, a crystal structure is reported here.
The mean planes of the 4-bromophenyl and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl groups are coplanar and twisted by 47.4 (2)° from each other (Fig. 1). The angles between the mean plane of the prop-2-en-1-one group and that of the 4-bromophenyl [torsion angle (C8–C7–C1–C2) = 159.15 (18) °] and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl [torsion angle (C8–C9–C10–C15) = 178.5 (2)°] groups are 21.1 (4)° and 26.3 (2)°, respectively.
Crystal packing is highlighted by alignment of adjacent molecules syn to each other, oblique to the ac plane and stacked in parallel arrays along the c axis of the unit cell. The closest distance between mean planes of the coplanar 4-bromophenyl and 4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl groups is 4.536 (2) and 4.539 (2) Å, respectively (Fig. 2).