Figure 16
Effect of beam energy on (a) type I damage in hydrated DPPC (50% w/w water, 298 K) and (b) type II damage in hydrated DiPOPE [50% w/w buffer (150 mM NaCl, 20 mM TES, pH 7.4) at 305.5 K]. The dose rates at each beam energy are indicated in the panels, as is the elapsed time after the last exposure (in s, beside each data series). The incident fluxes were 6.2 × 1010 photons s−1 for 8.7 keV, 6.3 × 1010 photons s−1 for 12.5 keV and 9.1 × 1010 photons s−1 for 16.7 keV. Experiments were performed using beamline ID2 at the ESRF under conditions of continuous irradiation. Sample preparation is similar to the protocol described by Cherezov et al. (2000). |