Figure 1
To facilitate online measurements, a Raman back-scattering probe (R) was installed on a custom stage (S) compatible with the minidiffractometer (MD2M) (Maatel, Voreppe, France) on beamline ID14-EH2 at the ESRF, France. A cryocooled crystal (C) was mounted on the spindle axis (ω) and maintained at 100 K by an Oxford Cryosystems 700 series Cryostream (O). The orientation of the X-rays passing through the on-axis visualization unit is shown by an arrow. The X-ray beam and the focal spot of the Raman probe were aligned to be coincident with the crystal. The fibre-optic cable (F) provides the excitation laser input and transfers the Raman scattering to the spectrometer outside the experimental hutch. Crystals were mounted to provide an exposed area free from excess solvent (inset). |