Figure 2
Images of an orthoclase (001) surface in air with the condenser lens focus 9 mm downstream from the sample position as a function of deviations of the sample angle from the specular reflection condition, δα, having values of (a) 0.0°, (b) +0.01°, (c) +0.02°, (d) −0.01°, (e) −0.02°, (f) −0.03°. Also shown are two images of the same area of the surface with the condenser lens focus on the sample with δα having the values (g) 0.0° and (h) +0.025°. The direction of δα is shown schematically in (i) where the white line is a surface step oriented transverse to the scattering plane. Arrows indicate the three features that are discussed in the main text: the single step (yellow arrow), double step (white arrow) and multi-step (green arrow). A scale bar is shown in (h). Note that the differences in the variation of brightness across the images [e.g. (a)–(f) versus (g)–(h)] are associated with different illumination of the sample. In (a)–(f) the sample was illuminated with a 3 × 15 array of condenser lens positions (horizontal versus vertical) with associated displacements of 2 µm and 1 µm, respectively. In (g)–(h) a 1 × 30 array of condenser lens positions was used with a vertical spacing of 0.5 µm. |