Figure 1
(a) Equilibrium states of droplets for a hydrophobic (top) and a hydrophilic (bottom) surface. The convective flows induced by evaporation, interfacial surface energies and the contact angle are shown. [Adapted from Ressine et al. (2008).] (b) Classification of surfaces according to their contact angles Θ. Note that superhydrophobic PMMA (PMMAsphob) relies on a thin hydrophobic Teflon layer. (c) Unpinned Cassie–Baxter (`Fakir') state and (d) pinned Wenzel (`spread') state on a SHS with asperities (e.g. micropillars; see §3.2). |