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Figure 3
Schematics of major reactions for X-ray radiolysis in dilute protein samples. Radiolysis of bulk water starts with the ionization of water under 10−16 s (spur). The key product, [{^{\bullet}}{\rm{OH}}], diffuses (10−7 s) out in the bulk and undergoes reactions with the buffer and protein side chains. The former reaction, as well as various recombination reactions, scavenge [{^{\bullet}}{\rm{OH}}] and reduce the concentration of [{^{\bullet}}{\rm{OH}}] in the bulk. Sufficient X-ray dose is needed to maintain a steady-state concentration of [{^{\bullet}}{\rm{OH}}].

Journal logoJOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION
ISSN: 1600-5775
Volume 21| Part 4| May 2014| Pages 690-699
doi:10.1107/S1600577514007000
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