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Figure 5
Example of energy materials research with STXM. (a) Principles of ionomer mapping using C 1s and F 1s spectromicroscopy in STXM, used to measure ionomer distributions in the catalyst layer structures of cathodes in PEM-FCs under development for automotive use. (b) C 1s reference spectra of the chemical components. (c) C 1s and F 1s spectra on optical density per nanometre of chemical components, illustrating the principles for quantitative mapping. Ionomer maps in cathodes derived from two energy F 1s STXM stack maps for a (d) catalyst-coated membrane and a (e) catalyst-coated gas diffusion layer (Susac et al., 2013BB65). The dashed rectangle in (e) shows the region of the gas diffusion layer selected for a full C 1s stack analysis (see Fig. 6[link]). The perfluoro sulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane signals (located on the right with respect to the cathode layer) have been masked off in (d) and (e).

Journal logoJOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION
ISSN: 1600-5775
Volume 21| Part 5| August 2014| Pages 1019-1030
doi:10.1107/S1600577514013046
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