Figure 5
Comparison between the macroscopic strain (red line and markers) measured using a linear displacement sensor and a lattice strain (∊200) (blue line and markers) calculated from X-ray diffraction patterns for BNT-5BT. Data acquisition times for the diffraction data were 45 s per data point. Induced lateral strain (∊111) of gold electrode (green line and markers). The lattice strain was calculated from diffraction peak position shifts during application of the electric field and the macroscopic strains were calculated from the change in the sample dimension parallel to the electric field direction. The lattice strain is approximately 50% of the macroscopic strain at any given field above 1.35 kV mm−1. Estimated errors are within the size of the markers. |