A protocol for searching the most probable phase-retrieved maps in coherent X-ray diffraction imaging by exploiting the relationship between convergence of the retrieved phase and success of calculation

Sekiguchi, Y.; Hashimoto, S.; Kobayashi, A.; Oroguchi, T.; Nakasako, M.

doi:10.1107/S1600577517008396

Figure 1
(a) Diffraction pattern from an aggregate of ten 250 nm gold colloidal particles recorded using a single-shot XFEL pulse. The magnitude of scattering vector $[{\bf{S}}]$ is defined as $[|{\bf{S}}|]$ = $[2\sin\theta/\lambda]$ , where $[2\theta]$ and $[\lambda]$ are the scattering angle and the wavelength of the X-rays, respectively. Then, the resolution at the edge is 17.4 µm⁻¹ (corresponding to a resolution of 57.4 nm in the real space). Starting from electron density maps of different random noise, 1000 projection maps are retrieved by the HIO–SW algorithm. (b) Because the shape and size of each gold colloidal particle is known, we can determine which PR runs succeeded or failed. The blue-colored boxes indicate the maps of successful runs, while maps of failed runs are indicated by red boxes. The scale bar indicates 200 nm. (c) Variation of phase values in the course of PR calculations for the diffraction pattern shown in (a). The left-hand panel shows the phase values in the diffraction pattern at the 3000th PR cycle of a successful run. The right-hand panel shows the variation of phase values at pixels A (blue line for the successful run and red line for the failed run) and B (green line for the successful run and black line for the failed run). The maps appearing at the 1000th, 3500th and 10000th cycles in the runs are shown for the successful (blue box) and failed runs (red box). (d) Frequency distributions of phase values at pixel A during the 11000 cycles of the PR calculation are shown for the successful (left panel) and failed (right panel) runs.

JOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION

ISSN: 1600-5775

Volume 24| Part 5| September 2017| Pages 1024-1038

https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577517008396

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