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Figure 1
Schematic diagram of a crystal belonging to the monoclinic system (point group 2) showing crystallographic axes and magnetic susceptibility axes. (a) The b axis (twofold axis) and [\chi _2] axis (its direction coincides with that of the b axis) are placed perpendicular to the plane of the diagram. The other crystallographic axes (a and c axes) and magnetic susceptibility axes ([\chi _1] and [\chi _3] axes) are placed in the plane. The crystal (a) is rotated by [\pi] around each of susceptibility axes to produce three additional possible orientations, (b), (c), and (d). All four orientations have the same magnetic energy under a given magnetic field. Because of the symmetry (point group 2), the crystal orientations of (a) and (c) are identical, and those of (b) and (d) are also identical.

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