organic compounds
2-Iodo-N-(4-nitrophenyl)benzamide forms hydrogen-bonded sheets of R44(24) rings
aInstituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, bSchool of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, cDepartment of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, and dInstituto de Química, Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
*Correspondence e-mail: cg@st-andrews.ac.uk
Molecules of the title compound, C13H9IN2O3, are linked into C(4) chains by an N—H⋯O=C hydrogen bond, and these chains are linked into sheets of R44(24) rings by means of a C—H⋯O—N hydrogen bond. However, C—H⋯π(arene) hydrogen bonds, and π–π stacking and iodo–nitro interactions are all absent.
Comment
We report here the structure of the title compound, (I) (Fig. 1), which offers the possibility within a rather compact molecular compass of a wide variety of potential intermolecular interactions. These include N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, with two possible types of O acceptor atom (viz. amide and nitro), C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, likewise with two possible types of acceptor, C—H⋯π(arene) hydrogen bonds, aromatic π–π stacking interactions, and two- or three-centre iodo–nitro interactions. In the event, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak π–π stacking interactions are the only direction-specific intermolecular interactions present.
The molecules of (I) are nearly planar, apart from the iodinated ring, as shown by the leading torsion angles (Table 1), and the amide group adopts the usual trans conformation; the bond lengths and interbond angles present no unusual values.
The supramolecular aggregation in (I) is dominated by an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond, accompanied by a rather weaker C—H⋯O hydrogen bond (Table 2). Amide atom N1 in the molecule at (x, y, z) acts as a hydrogen-bond donor to amide atom O7 in the molecule at (x, − y, + z), so forming a C(4) (Bernstein et al., 1995) chain running parallel to the [001] direction and generated by the c-glide plane at y = (Fig. 2). There are two chains of this type passing through each one each in the domains 0.06 < x < 0.55 and 0.45 < x < 0.94. Within each domain, the chains related by translation along [010] are linked into sheets by means of the C—H⋯O hydrogen bond. Aryl atom C5 in the molecule at (x, y, z) acts as a hydrogen-bond donor to nitro atom O41 in the molecule at (x, − y, − + z), so forming a C(5) chain also running parallel to the [001] direction but this time generated by the c-glide plane at y = . The combination of these two types of [001] chain generates a (100) sheet in the form of a (4,4)-net built from a single type of R44(24) ring (Fig. 3).
Two such sheets, related to one another by inversion, pass through each π–π stacking interaction. The nitrated aryl rings in the molecules at (x, y, z) and (−x, 1 − y, 1 − z), which lie in adjacent (100) sheets, are strictly parallel, with an interplanar spacing of 3.521 (2) Å; the ring-centroid separation is 3.918 (2) Å, corresponding to a centroid offset of 1.719 (2) Å. In this way, each sheet is linked to the two neighbouring sheets.
and adjacent sheets are weakly linked by an aromaticExperimental
A sample of (I) was prepared by reaction of 2-iodobenzoyl chloride with 4-nitroaniline. Equimolar quantities (1 mmol) of the reagents were dissolved in chloroform (30 ml) and the mixture was heated under reflux for 1 h; the mixture was then cooled and the solvent removed. Crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction were grown by slow evaporation of a solution in ethanol.
Crystal data
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Refinement
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The P21/c was uniquely assigned from the All H atoms were located from difference maps and then treated as riding atoms, with C—H distances of 0.93 Å and an N—H distance of 0.85 Å, and with Uiso(H) values of 1.2Ueq(C,N).
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1998); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2000); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2003); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and PRPKAPPA (Ferguson, 1999).
Supporting information
10.1107/S0108270105017312/sk1850sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S0108270105017312/sk1850Isup2.hkl
A sample of (I) was prepared by reaction of 2-iodobenzoyl chloride with 4-nitroaniline. Crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction were grown by slow evaporation of a solution in ethanol. Please specify quantitites of reagents/conditions.
The
P21/c was uniquely assigned from the All H atoms were located from difference maps and then treated as riding atoms, with C—H distances of 0.93 Å and an N—H distance of 0.85 Å, and with Uiso(H) values of 1.2Ueq(C,N).Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1998); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2000); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2003); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and PRPKAPPA (Ferguson, 1999).C13H9IN2O3 | F(000) = 712 |
Mr = 368.12 | Dx = 1.842 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 4780 reflections |
a = 10.3792 (4) Å | θ = 2.1–32.5° |
b = 13.6412 (6) Å | µ = 2.42 mm−1 |
c = 9.8265 (4) Å | T = 298 K |
β = 107.3830 (11)° | Prism, colourless |
V = 1327.74 (9) Å3 | 0.48 × 0.25 × 0.20 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector diffractometer | 4780 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed X-ray tube | 3011 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.020 |
ϕ–ω scans | θmax = 32.5°, θmin = 2.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) | h = −15→15 |
Tmin = 0.374, Tmax = 0.617 | k = −19→20 |
15459 measured reflections | l = −14→14 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.058 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.188 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.08 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0854P)2 + 1.4841P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4780 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
172 parameters | Δρmax = 2.61 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −2.27 e Å−3 |
C13H9IN2O3 | V = 1327.74 (9) Å3 |
Mr = 368.12 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.3792 (4) Å | µ = 2.42 mm−1 |
b = 13.6412 (6) Å | T = 298 K |
c = 9.8265 (4) Å | 0.48 × 0.25 × 0.20 mm |
β = 107.3830 (11)° |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector diffractometer | 4780 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) | 3011 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.374, Tmax = 0.617 | Rint = 0.020 |
15459 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.058 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.188 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.08 | Δρmax = 2.61 e Å−3 |
4780 reflections | Δρmin = −2.27 e Å−3 |
172 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
I12 | 0.54867 (3) | 0.23220 (3) | 0.54472 (5) | 0.07976 (19) | |
O7 | 0.2184 (4) | 0.2891 (2) | 0.4439 (3) | 0.0542 (7) | |
O41 | 0.0663 (5) | 0.7571 (2) | 0.7685 (4) | 0.0740 (11) | |
O42 | 0.1173 (8) | 0.7759 (2) | 0.5753 (5) | 0.1019 (17) | |
N1 | 0.2207 (3) | 0.3224 (2) | 0.6724 (3) | 0.0399 (6) | |
N4 | 0.1031 (4) | 0.7254 (2) | 0.6709 (4) | 0.0554 (9) | |
C1 | 0.1857 (3) | 0.4226 (2) | 0.6632 (3) | 0.0357 (6) | |
C2 | 0.1528 (4) | 0.4633 (3) | 0.7792 (4) | 0.0423 (7) | |
C3 | 0.1267 (4) | 0.5627 (3) | 0.7829 (4) | 0.0454 (7) | |
C4 | 0.1306 (4) | 0.6199 (2) | 0.6685 (4) | 0.0429 (7) | |
C5 | 0.1618 (4) | 0.5812 (3) | 0.5519 (4) | 0.0491 (8) | |
C6 | 0.1904 (4) | 0.4819 (3) | 0.5492 (4) | 0.0463 (8) | |
C7 | 0.2407 (4) | 0.2642 (2) | 0.5685 (4) | 0.0381 (6) | |
C11 | 0.2943 (4) | 0.1647 (2) | 0.6181 (3) | 0.0428 (7) | |
C12 | 0.4216 (5) | 0.1362 (3) | 0.6141 (4) | 0.0544 (9) | |
C13 | 0.4691 (8) | 0.0421 (4) | 0.6559 (6) | 0.089 (2) | |
C14 | 0.3866 (10) | −0.0233 (4) | 0.6981 (6) | 0.111 (3) | |
C15 | 0.2598 (9) | 0.0037 (3) | 0.7003 (6) | 0.096 (2) | |
C16 | 0.2149 (6) | 0.0985 (3) | 0.6629 (5) | 0.0645 (12) | |
H1 | 0.2376 | 0.2940 | 0.7529 | 0.048* | |
H2 | 0.1485 | 0.4234 | 0.8544 | 0.051* | |
H3 | 0.1069 | 0.5902 | 0.8609 | 0.054* | |
H5 | 0.1636 | 0.6213 | 0.4760 | 0.059* | |
H6 | 0.2124 | 0.4552 | 0.4720 | 0.056* | |
H13 | 0.5551 | 0.0234 | 0.6556 | 0.107* | |
H14 | 0.4174 | −0.0864 | 0.7253 | 0.134* | |
H15 | 0.2044 | −0.0413 | 0.7268 | 0.115* | |
H16 | 0.1305 | 0.1176 | 0.6680 | 0.077* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
I12 | 0.0569 (2) | 0.0849 (3) | 0.0998 (3) | −0.00522 (15) | 0.0269 (2) | −0.01773 (19) |
O7 | 0.084 (2) | 0.0449 (14) | 0.0339 (12) | 0.0146 (13) | 0.0173 (12) | 0.0004 (10) |
O41 | 0.101 (3) | 0.0484 (17) | 0.069 (2) | 0.0223 (17) | 0.019 (2) | −0.0121 (15) |
O42 | 0.197 (6) | 0.0356 (17) | 0.087 (3) | 0.006 (2) | 0.064 (3) | 0.0098 (17) |
N1 | 0.0587 (16) | 0.0307 (12) | 0.0325 (12) | 0.0030 (11) | 0.0170 (12) | 0.0023 (10) |
N4 | 0.074 (2) | 0.0346 (15) | 0.0497 (18) | 0.0064 (14) | 0.0063 (16) | −0.0050 (13) |
C1 | 0.0423 (15) | 0.0300 (13) | 0.0347 (14) | −0.0003 (11) | 0.0111 (12) | 0.0006 (11) |
C2 | 0.0559 (19) | 0.0375 (16) | 0.0355 (15) | 0.0057 (14) | 0.0167 (14) | 0.0024 (12) |
C3 | 0.0549 (19) | 0.0421 (17) | 0.0384 (16) | 0.0070 (15) | 0.0128 (14) | −0.0030 (13) |
C4 | 0.0518 (18) | 0.0307 (14) | 0.0427 (16) | 0.0016 (13) | 0.0086 (14) | −0.0026 (12) |
C5 | 0.072 (2) | 0.0346 (16) | 0.0423 (17) | 0.0006 (16) | 0.0203 (17) | 0.0045 (14) |
C6 | 0.070 (2) | 0.0340 (15) | 0.0397 (16) | 0.0006 (15) | 0.0228 (16) | 0.0009 (13) |
C7 | 0.0447 (16) | 0.0371 (15) | 0.0331 (14) | 0.0005 (12) | 0.0125 (12) | −0.0011 (12) |
C11 | 0.062 (2) | 0.0335 (15) | 0.0324 (14) | 0.0015 (14) | 0.0138 (14) | −0.0039 (12) |
C12 | 0.070 (2) | 0.0445 (19) | 0.0441 (18) | 0.0147 (18) | 0.0107 (17) | −0.0039 (15) |
C13 | 0.131 (5) | 0.068 (3) | 0.067 (3) | 0.054 (4) | 0.025 (3) | 0.009 (3) |
C14 | 0.231 (9) | 0.044 (3) | 0.076 (3) | 0.048 (4) | 0.070 (5) | 0.016 (2) |
C15 | 0.200 (7) | 0.037 (2) | 0.072 (3) | −0.015 (3) | 0.076 (4) | −0.004 (2) |
C16 | 0.108 (4) | 0.042 (2) | 0.055 (2) | −0.009 (2) | 0.043 (2) | −0.0054 (17) |
C1—C6 | 1.394 (4) | N1—H1 | 0.85 |
C1—C2 | 1.399 (4) | C7—O7 | 1.224 (4) |
C1—N1 | 1.410 (4) | C7—C11 | 1.492 (5) |
C2—C3 | 1.385 (5) | C11—C16 | 1.381 (6) |
C2—H2 | 0.93 | C11—C12 | 1.389 (6) |
C3—C4 | 1.379 (5) | C12—C13 | 1.393 (6) |
C3—H3 | 0.93 | C12—I12 | 2.111 (5) |
C4—C5 | 1.386 (5) | C13—C14 | 1.382 (11) |
C4—N4 | 1.469 (4) | C13—H13 | 0.93 |
N4—O41 | 1.213 (6) | C14—C15 | 1.373 (11) |
N4—O42 | 1.208 (5) | C14—H14 | 0.93 |
C5—C6 | 1.388 (5) | C15—C16 | 1.386 (7) |
C5—H5 | 0.93 | C15—H15 | 0.93 |
C6—H6 | 0.93 | C16—H16 | 0.93 |
N1—C7 | 1.358 (4) | ||
C6—C1—C2 | 120.0 (3) | C1—N1—H1 | 118.6 |
C6—C1—N1 | 123.0 (3) | O7—C7—N1 | 124.4 (3) |
C2—C1—N1 | 117.0 (3) | O7—C7—C11 | 121.3 (3) |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.5 (3) | N1—C7—C11 | 114.3 (3) |
C3—C2—H2 | 119.7 | C16—C11—C12 | 119.3 (4) |
C1—C2—H2 | 119.7 | C16—C11—C7 | 120.0 (4) |
C4—C3—C2 | 118.6 (3) | C12—C11—C7 | 120.7 (3) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.7 | C11—C12—C13 | 120.3 (5) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.7 | C11—C12—I12 | 121.8 (3) |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.9 (3) | C13—C12—I12 | 117.9 (4) |
C3—C4—N4 | 119.3 (3) | C14—C13—C12 | 119.1 (6) |
C5—C4—N4 | 118.8 (3) | C14—C13—H13 | 120.4 |
O41—N4—O42 | 123.5 (4) | C12—C13—H13 | 120.4 |
O41—N4—C4 | 118.1 (4) | C15—C14—C13 | 121.0 (5) |
O42—N4—C4 | 118.4 (4) | C15—C14—H14 | 119.5 |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.5 (3) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.5 |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.3 | C14—C15—C16 | 119.6 (6) |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.3 | C14—C15—H15 | 120.2 |
C5—C6—C1 | 119.5 (3) | C16—C15—H15 | 120.2 |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.3 | C11—C16—C15 | 120.6 (5) |
C1—C6—H6 | 120.3 | C11—C16—H16 | 119.7 |
C7—N1—C1 | 127.8 (3) | C15—C16—H16 | 119.7 |
C7—N1—H1 | 113.4 | ||
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −0.9 (6) | N1—C7—C11—C12 | −115.4 (4) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 175.4 (3) | C3—C4—N4—O41 | −6.3 (6) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 1.5 (6) | O7—C7—C11—C16 | −112.9 (4) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −1.0 (6) | N1—C7—C11—C16 | 67.4 (5) |
C2—C3—C4—N4 | −180.0 (4) | O7—C7—C11—C12 | 64.3 (5) |
C5—C4—N4—O41 | 174.7 (4) | C16—C11—C12—C13 | −0.5 (6) |
C3—C4—N4—O42 | 174.3 (5) | C7—C11—C12—C13 | −177.8 (4) |
C5—C4—N4—O42 | −4.8 (7) | C16—C11—C12—I12 | 179.3 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.1 (6) | C7—C11—C12—I12 | 2.0 (5) |
N4—C4—C5—C6 | 178.9 (4) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 1.6 (8) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.7 (6) | I12—C12—C13—C14 | −178.2 (5) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.2 (6) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.6 (10) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −176.3 (4) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | −1.5 (9) |
C6—C1—N1—C7 | −12.2 (6) | C12—C11—C16—C15 | −1.5 (6) |
C1—N1—C7—O7 | −7.3 (6) | C7—C11—C16—C15 | 175.7 (4) |
C1—N1—C7—C11 | 172.4 (3) | C14—C15—C16—C11 | 2.5 (8) |
C2—C1—N1—C7 | 171.6 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O7i | 0.85 | 2.25 | 3.077 (4) | 164 |
C5—H5···O41ii | 0.93 | 2.59 | 3.457 (5) | 156 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (ii) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C13H9IN2O3 |
Mr | 368.12 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 298 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.3792 (4), 13.6412 (6), 9.8265 (4) |
β (°) | 107.3830 (11) |
V (Å3) | 1327.74 (9) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.42 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.48 × 0.25 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2000) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.374, 0.617 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 15459, 4780, 3011 |
Rint | 0.020 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.755 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.058, 0.188, 1.08 |
No. of reflections | 4780 |
No. of parameters | 172 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 2.61, −2.27 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 1998), SAINT (Bruker, 2000), SAINT, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), PLATON (Spek, 2003), SHELXL97 and PRPKAPPA (Ferguson, 1999).
C1—N1—C7—C11 | 172.4 (3) | N1—C7—C11—C12 | −115.4 (4) |
C2—C1—N1—C7 | 171.6 (3) | C3—C4—N4—O41 | −6.3 (6) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O7i | 0.85 | 2.25 | 3.077 (4) | 164 |
C5—H5···O41ii | 0.93 | 2.59 | 3.457 (5) | 156 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (ii) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2. |
Acknowledgements
X-ray data were collected at the University of Aberdeen; the authors thank the University of Aberdeen for funding the purchase of the diffractometer. JLW thanks CNPq and FAPERJ for financial support.
References
Bernstein, J., Davis, R. E., Shimoni, L. & Chang, N.-L. (1995). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 34, 1555–1573. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Bruker (1998). SMART. Version 5.0. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Bruker (2000). SADABS (Version 2.03) and SAINT (Version 6.02a). Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Ferguson, G. (1999). PRPKAPPA. University of Guelph, Canada. Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (1997). SHELXS97 and SHELXL97. University of Göttingen, Germany. Google Scholar
Spek, A. L. (2003). J. Appl. Cryst. 36, 7–13. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
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We report here the structure of the title compound, (I) (Fig. 1), which offers the possibility within a rather compact molecular compass of a wide variety of potential intermolecular interactions. These include N—H···O hydrogen bonds, with two possible types of O acceptor atom (viz. amide and nitro), C—H···O hydrogen bonds, likewise with two possible types of acceptor, C—H···π(arene) hydrogen bonds, aromatic π–π stacking interactions, and two- or three-centre iodo–nitro interactions. In the event, N—H···O and C—H···O hydrogen bonds and weak π–π stacking interactions are the only direction-specific intermolecular interactions present.
The molecules of (I) are nearly planar, apart from the iodinated ring, as shown by the leading torsion angles (Table 1), and the amide group adopts the usual trans conformation; the bond lengths and inter-bond angles present no unusual values.
The supramolecular aggregation in (I) is dominated by an N—H···O hydrogen bond, accompanied by a rather weaker C—H···O hydrogen bond (Table 2). Amide atom N1 in the molecule at (x, y, z) acts as a hydrogen-bond donor to amide atom O7 in the molecule at (x, 1/2 − y, 1/2 + z), so forming a C(4) (Bernstein et al., 1995) chain running parallel to the [001] direction and generated by the c-glide plane at y = 1/4 (Fig. 2). There are two chains of this type passing through each unit cell, one each in the domains 0.06 < x < 0.55 and 0.45 < x < 0.94. Within each domain, the chains related by translation along [010] are linked into sheets by means of the C—H···O hydrogen bond. Aryl atom C5 in the molecule at (x, y, z) acts as a hydrogen-bond donor to nitro atom O41 in the molecule at (x, 3/2 − y, −1/2 + z), so forming a C(5) chain also running parallel to the [001] direction but this time generated by the c-glide plane at y = 3/4. The combination of these two types of [001] chain generates a (100) sheet in the form of a (4,4)-net built from a single type of R44(24) ring (Fig. 3).
Two such sheets, related to one another by inversion, pass through each unit cell, and adjacent sheets are weakly linked by an aromatic π–π stacking interaction. The nitrated aryl rings in the molecules at (x, y, z) and (- x, 1 − y, 1 − z), which lie in adjacent (100) sheets, are strictly parallel, with an interplanar spacing of 3.521 (2) Å; the ring-centroid separation is 3.918 (2) Å, corresponding to a centroid offset of 1.719 (2) Å. In this way, each sheet is linked to the two neighbouring sheets.