Figure 13
Schematic of a typical (a) `steady state' and a (b) `pseudo-steady-state' experiment. In part (a), the sample is illuminated continuously, and the excited state population builds to a steady-state value. This equilibrium population, marked by a dashed black line, is then measured after a pre-determined equilibration time. In part (b), the sample is illuminated with a pulsed laser or LED, resulting in the excited state population oscillating about an equilibrium value. If the measurement time is slower than the pulse frequency, the average population, again denoted by the dashed black line, is measured. [Reproduced from Hatcher et al. (2020) with permission.] |