metal-organic compounds
catena-Poly[[tetraaqua(μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′)zinc(II)] fumarate tetrahydrate]
aDepartment of Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, People's Republic of China, and bDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: lidongsheng1@126.com
In the title compound, {[Zn(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](C4H2O4)·4H2O}n, the ZnII atom is coordinated by two N atoms from two μ-4,4′-bipyridine ligands and four water molecules in a distorted octahedral geometry. The coordination unit is extended through the Zn—N bond, leading to a one-dimensional cationic chain. A twofold rotation axis passes through the Zn atom and along the axis of the 4,4′-bipyridine ligand. Each uncoordinated water molecule acts as both hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor. A three-dimensional network is constructed through hydrogen bonds involving water molecules and fumarate dianions.
Related literature
For related literature, see: Lu et al. (2006); Moulton & Zaworotko (2001); Nordell et al. (2003); Wagner et al. (2002); Wen et al. (2005); Yaghi et al. (1997); Zaworotko (2001); Zhou et al. (2007).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536808009227/hy2122sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808009227/hy2122Isup2.hkl
A mixture of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O (0.030 g, 0.1 mmol), 4,4'-bipyridine (0.016 g, 0.1 mmol), mercaptosuccinic acid (0.015 g, 0.1 mmol), NaOH (0.008 g, 0.2 mmol) and distilled water (10 ml) was sealed in a 25 ml Teflon-lined stainless autoclave and heated at 433 K for 72 h under autogenous pressure. After slowly cooling to room temperature, yellow block-like crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained from the reaction mixture by filtration.
H atoms of the water molecules were located in a difference Fourier map and fixed in the refinements with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(O). The remaining H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined as riding atoms, with C—H = 0.93 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C)
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The structure of the title compound. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. [Symmetry codes: (i) 1 - x, y, 3/2 - z; (ii) 1/2 - x, 3/2 - y, 1 - z; (iii) x, -1 + y, z; (iv) x, 1 + y, z; (v) 1/2 - x, 1/2 - y, 1 - z; (vi) 1/2 - x, -1/2 + y, 3/2 - z.] | |
Fig. 2. A view of the three-dimensional network in the title compound, viewed down the a axis. |
[Zn(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](C4H2O4)·4H2O | F(000) = 1000 |
Mr = 479.74 | Dx = 1.559 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 3920 reflections |
a = 17.094 (5) Å | θ = 2.3–28.2° |
b = 11.394 (3) Å | µ = 1.27 mm−1 |
c = 13.082 (6) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 126.652 (2)° | Block, colorless |
V = 2044.3 (12) Å3 | 0.39 × 0.28 × 0.26 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 1907 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1724 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.051 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 25.5°, θmin = 2.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −20→20 |
Tmin = 0.626, Tmax = 0.712 | k = −13→13 |
7538 measured reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.040 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.112 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0789P)2 + 0.2551P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.09 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
1907 reflections | Δρmax = 0.99 e Å−3 |
134 parameters | Δρmin = −0.86 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0 |
[Zn(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](C4H2O4)·4H2O | V = 2044.3 (12) Å3 |
Mr = 479.74 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 17.094 (5) Å | µ = 1.27 mm−1 |
b = 11.394 (3) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 13.082 (6) Å | 0.39 × 0.28 × 0.26 mm |
β = 126.652 (2)° |
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 1907 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 1724 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.626, Tmax = 0.712 | Rint = 0.051 |
7538 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.040 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.112 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.09 | Δρmax = 0.99 e Å−3 |
1907 reflections | Δρmin = −0.86 e Å−3 |
134 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Zn1 | 0.5000 | 0.27603 (3) | 0.7500 | 0.02705 (18) | |
O1 | 0.41826 (14) | 0.27340 (13) | 0.54278 (17) | 0.0358 (4) | |
H1W | 0.3814 | 0.2172 | 0.5259 | 0.054* | |
H2W | 0.3864 | 0.3328 | 0.5041 | 0.054* | |
O2 | 0.36784 (13) | 0.27446 (13) | 0.72328 (17) | 0.0358 (4) | |
H3W | 0.3232 | 0.3120 | 0.6610 | 0.054* | |
H4W | 0.3621 | 0.2706 | 0.7812 | 0.054* | |
O3 | 0.21520 (12) | 0.40439 (15) | 0.53213 (15) | 0.0396 (4) | |
H5W | 0.2070 | 0.4658 | 0.5581 | 0.059* | |
H6W | 0.2331 | 0.4167 | 0.4872 | 0.059* | |
O4 | 0.29343 (13) | 0.53785 (16) | 0.89255 (16) | 0.0454 (5) | |
H7W | 0.3041 | 0.4667 | 0.8933 | 0.068* | |
H8W | 0.2635 | 0.5646 | 0.8191 | 0.068* | |
O5 | 0.19945 (14) | 0.59997 (17) | 0.63613 (17) | 0.0437 (4) | |
O6 | 0.17990 (18) | 0.79445 (17) | 0.6206 (2) | 0.0499 (5) | |
N1 | 0.5000 | 0.4644 (2) | 0.7500 | 0.0305 (6) | |
N2 | 0.5000 | 1.0888 (2) | 0.7500 | 0.0281 (6) | |
C1 | 0.47776 (19) | 0.5262 (2) | 0.8170 (2) | 0.0375 (6) | |
H1A | 0.4613 | 0.4854 | 0.8633 | 0.045* | |
C2 | 0.47816 (19) | 0.6469 (2) | 0.8206 (2) | 0.0352 (5) | |
H2A | 0.4638 | 0.6856 | 0.8702 | 0.042* | |
C3 | 0.5000 | 0.7114 (3) | 0.7500 | 0.0288 (7) | |
C4 | 0.5000 | 0.8413 (3) | 0.7500 | 0.0286 (7) | |
C5 | 0.5361 (2) | 0.9065 (2) | 0.6958 (3) | 0.0378 (6) | |
H5 | 0.5612 | 0.8681 | 0.6584 | 0.045* | |
C6 | 0.53453 (18) | 1.0269 (2) | 0.6974 (2) | 0.0358 (5) | |
H6 | 0.5587 | 1.0677 | 0.6601 | 0.043* | |
C7 | 0.20633 (18) | 0.6996 (2) | 0.6001 (2) | 0.0330 (5) | |
C8 | 0.24700 (18) | 0.7029 (2) | 0.5263 (2) | 0.0355 (5) | |
H8 | 0.2699 | 0.6328 | 0.5167 | 0.043* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Zn1 | 0.0401 (3) | 0.0197 (3) | 0.0348 (3) | 0.000 | 0.0296 (2) | 0.000 |
O1 | 0.0500 (10) | 0.0311 (10) | 0.0364 (9) | −0.0015 (6) | 0.0313 (8) | 0.0004 (6) |
O2 | 0.0455 (10) | 0.0390 (11) | 0.0419 (10) | 0.0077 (7) | 0.0362 (8) | 0.0091 (7) |
O3 | 0.0540 (10) | 0.0334 (9) | 0.0408 (9) | −0.0009 (7) | 0.0334 (8) | −0.0006 (7) |
O4 | 0.0691 (12) | 0.0338 (10) | 0.0394 (10) | 0.0009 (8) | 0.0357 (9) | 0.0017 (7) |
O5 | 0.0722 (12) | 0.0362 (10) | 0.0497 (10) | −0.0015 (9) | 0.0509 (10) | 0.0025 (8) |
O6 | 0.0879 (15) | 0.0365 (10) | 0.0668 (13) | −0.0006 (9) | 0.0685 (13) | 0.0000 (9) |
N1 | 0.0468 (15) | 0.0214 (13) | 0.0374 (14) | 0.000 | 0.0327 (13) | 0.000 |
N2 | 0.0357 (13) | 0.0213 (13) | 0.0346 (14) | 0.000 | 0.0250 (12) | 0.000 |
C1 | 0.0596 (15) | 0.0256 (12) | 0.0471 (14) | −0.0003 (11) | 0.0424 (13) | 0.0025 (11) |
C2 | 0.0574 (14) | 0.0249 (11) | 0.0435 (13) | 0.0034 (10) | 0.0410 (12) | −0.0010 (10) |
C3 | 0.0341 (16) | 0.0228 (17) | 0.0319 (16) | 0.000 | 0.0211 (14) | 0.000 |
C4 | 0.0354 (15) | 0.0247 (16) | 0.0308 (15) | 0.000 | 0.0224 (13) | 0.000 |
C5 | 0.0595 (15) | 0.0249 (12) | 0.0547 (15) | 0.0010 (11) | 0.0480 (13) | −0.0029 (11) |
C6 | 0.0528 (13) | 0.0271 (12) | 0.0489 (14) | 0.0000 (10) | 0.0418 (12) | 0.0019 (10) |
C7 | 0.0462 (13) | 0.0339 (12) | 0.0312 (11) | −0.0023 (10) | 0.0297 (11) | −0.0014 (10) |
C8 | 0.0528 (14) | 0.0326 (11) | 0.0401 (13) | 0.0016 (10) | 0.0381 (12) | −0.0007 (10) |
Zn1—O2i | 2.0697 (18) | N2—C6 | 1.344 (3) |
Zn1—O2 | 2.0697 (18) | N2—C6i | 1.344 (3) |
Zn1—N2ii | 2.133 (3) | N2—Zn1iii | 2.133 (3) |
Zn1—N1 | 2.146 (3) | C1—C2 | 1.376 (3) |
Zn1—O1i | 2.186 (2) | C1—H1A | 0.9300 |
Zn1—O1 | 2.186 (2) | C2—C3 | 1.394 (3) |
O1—H1W | 0.8300 | C2—H2A | 0.9300 |
O1—H2W | 0.8259 | C3—C2i | 1.394 (3) |
O2—H3W | 0.8283 | C3—C4 | 1.480 (5) |
O2—H4W | 0.8210 | C4—C5 | 1.400 (3) |
O3—H5W | 0.8263 | C4—C5i | 1.400 (3) |
O3—H6W | 0.8200 | C5—C6 | 1.372 (4) |
O4—H7W | 0.8299 | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
O4—H8W | 0.8315 | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
O5—C7 | 1.261 (3) | C7—C8 | 1.490 (3) |
O6—C7 | 1.261 (3) | C8—C8iv | 1.312 (5) |
N1—C1i | 1.345 (3) | C8—H8 | 0.9300 |
N1—C1 | 1.345 (3) | ||
O2i—Zn1—O2 | 179.01 (9) | C6—N2—Zn1iii | 121.70 (14) |
O2i—Zn1—N2ii | 89.50 (4) | C6i—N2—Zn1iii | 121.70 (14) |
O2—Zn1—N2ii | 89.50 (4) | N1—C1—C2 | 123.2 (2) |
O2i—Zn1—N1 | 90.50 (4) | N1—C1—H1A | 118.4 |
O2—Zn1—N1 | 90.50 (4) | C2—C1—H1A | 118.4 |
N2ii—Zn1—N1 | 179.999 (1) | C1—C2—C3 | 120.1 (2) |
O2i—Zn1—O1i | 88.01 (7) | C1—C2—H2A | 119.9 |
O2—Zn1—O1i | 91.97 (7) | C3—C2—H2A | 119.9 |
N2ii—Zn1—O1i | 89.21 (4) | C2i—C3—C2 | 116.4 (3) |
N1—Zn1—O1i | 90.79 (4) | C2i—C3—C4 | 121.79 (14) |
O2i—Zn1—O1 | 91.98 (7) | C2—C3—C4 | 121.79 (14) |
O2—Zn1—O1 | 88.01 (7) | C5—C4—C5i | 115.9 (3) |
N2ii—Zn1—O1 | 89.21 (4) | C5—C4—C3 | 122.05 (15) |
N1—Zn1—O1 | 90.79 (4) | C5i—C4—C3 | 122.05 (15) |
O1i—Zn1—O1 | 178.43 (8) | C6—C5—C4 | 120.3 (2) |
Zn1—O1—H1W | 99.4 | C6—C5—H5 | 119.9 |
Zn1—O1—H2W | 116.6 | C4—C5—H5 | 119.9 |
H1W—O1—H2W | 110.6 | N2—C6—C5 | 123.5 (2) |
Zn1—O2—H3W | 115.7 | N2—C6—H6 | 118.3 |
Zn1—O2—H4W | 124.3 | C5—C6—H6 | 118.3 |
H3W—O2—H4W | 112.8 | O6—C7—O5 | 124.5 (2) |
H5W—O3—H6W | 112.2 | O6—C7—C8 | 118.8 (2) |
H7W—O4—H8W | 110.5 | O5—C7—C8 | 116.7 (2) |
C1i—N1—C1 | 116.8 (3) | C8iv—C8—C7 | 124.9 (3) |
C1i—N1—Zn1 | 121.60 (14) | C8iv—C8—H8 | 117.5 |
C1—N1—Zn1 | 121.60 (14) | C7—C8—H8 | 117.5 |
C6—N2—C6i | 116.6 (3) | ||
O2i—Zn1—N1—C1i | 45.69 (14) | C1—C2—C3—C4 | 179.23 (18) |
O2—Zn1—N1—C1i | −134.31 (14) | C2i—C3—C4—C5 | −10.02 (17) |
O1i—Zn1—N1—C1i | 133.71 (14) | C2—C3—C4—C5 | 169.98 (17) |
O1—Zn1—N1—C1i | −46.29 (14) | C2i—C3—C4—C5i | 169.97 (17) |
O2i—Zn1—N1—C1 | −134.31 (14) | C2—C3—C4—C5i | −10.02 (17) |
O2—Zn1—N1—C1 | 45.69 (14) | C5i—C4—C5—C6 | −0.19 (18) |
O1i—Zn1—N1—C1 | −46.29 (15) | C3—C4—C5—C6 | 179.81 (18) |
O1—Zn1—N1—C1 | 133.70 (15) | C6i—N2—C6—C5 | −0.21 (19) |
C1i—N1—C1—C2 | −0.83 (19) | Zn1iii—N2—C6—C5 | 179.80 (19) |
Zn1—N1—C1—C2 | 179.17 (19) | C4—C5—C6—N2 | 0.4 (4) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 1.6 (4) | O6—C7—C8—C8iv | −3.9 (5) |
C1—C2—C3—C2i | −0.77 (18) | O5—C7—C8—C8iv | 174.9 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y, −z+3/2; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y+1, z; (iv) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1W···O3v | 0.83 | 1.93 | 2.757 (2) | 173 |
O1—H2W···O4vi | 0.83 | 2.01 | 2.835 (3) | 172 |
O2—H3W···O3 | 0.83 | 1.91 | 2.732 (2) | 172 |
O2—H4W···O6vii | 0.82 | 1.83 | 2.623 (3) | 162 |
O3—H5W···O5 | 0.83 | 1.88 | 2.707 (3) | 173 |
O3—H6W···O4vi | 0.82 | 2.10 | 2.911 (3) | 172 |
O4—H7W···O6vii | 0.83 | 2.00 | 2.832 (3) | 175 |
O4—H8W···O5 | 0.83 | 1.99 | 2.811 (3) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (v) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z+1; (vi) x, −y+1, z−1/2; (vii) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Zn(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](C4H2O4)·4H2O |
Mr | 479.74 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 17.094 (5), 11.394 (3), 13.082 (6) |
β (°) | 126.652 (2) |
V (Å3) | 2044.3 (12) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.27 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.39 × 0.28 × 0.26 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.626, 0.712 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7538, 1907, 1724 |
Rint | 0.051 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.606 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.040, 0.112, 1.09 |
No. of reflections | 1907 |
No. of parameters | 134 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.99, −0.86 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
Zn1—O2 | 2.0697 (18) | Zn1—N1 | 2.146 (3) |
Zn1—N2i | 2.133 (3) | Zn1—O1 | 2.186 (2) |
O2ii—Zn1—O2 | 179.01 (9) | O2—Zn1—O1 | 88.01 (7) |
O2—Zn1—N2i | 89.50 (4) | N2i—Zn1—O1 | 89.21 (4) |
O2—Zn1—N1 | 90.50 (4) | N1—Zn1—O1 | 90.79 (4) |
O2—Zn1—O1ii | 91.97 (7) | O1ii—Zn1—O1 | 178.43 (8) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z; (ii) −x+1, y, −z+3/2. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1W···O3iii | 0.83 | 1.93 | 2.757 (2) | 173 |
O1—H2W···O4iv | 0.83 | 2.01 | 2.835 (3) | 172 |
O2—H3W···O3 | 0.83 | 1.91 | 2.732 (2) | 172 |
O2—H4W···O6v | 0.82 | 1.83 | 2.623 (3) | 162 |
O3—H5W···O5 | 0.83 | 1.88 | 2.707 (3) | 173 |
O3—H6W···O4iv | 0.82 | 2.10 | 2.911 (3) | 172 |
O4—H7W···O6v | 0.83 | 2.00 | 2.832 (3) | 175 |
O4—H8W···O5 | 0.83 | 1.99 | 2.811 (3) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (iii) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z+1; (iv) x, −y+1, z−1/2; (v) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Natural Science Research Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Education Office of China (grant No. 06JK155), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (grant No. 2006B08) and the Sustentatio Program for New-Century Elitists of the Ministry of Education, China (NCET-06-0891).
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Coordination polymer networks represent a result of applying supramolecular concepts to the design of new functional solids and are well exemplified by compounds in which transition metal centers (nodes) are connected by linear bidentate organic ligands (spacer groups) such as 4,4'-bipyridine (Lu et al., 2006; Nordell et al., 2003; Wagner et al., 2002; Wen et al., 2005; Yaghi et al., 1997; Zhou et al., 2007). These supramolecular structures are of interest as they provide opportunity for generating open framework compounds with controllable cavity sizes and they therefore have the potential to exhibit porosity and/or encapsulate guest molecules (Moulton & Zaworotko, 2001; Zaworotko, 2001).
The title compound consists of one [Zn(C10H8N2) (H2O)4]2+ cation, one fumarate dianion and four lattice water molecules (Fig. 1). Each ZnII atom is six-coordinated in an octahedral geometry with four O atoms of four water molecules in the equatorial plane and two N atoms from two µ-4,4'-bipyridine ligands in the axial sites, resulting a one-dimensional cationic chain along the b-axis. The two pyridyl rings of 4,4'-bipyridine present a torsion angle of 10.0 (2)°.
Each lattice water molecule acts as both hydrogen-bond donor and acceptor. In the crystal structure, the cationic chains are arranged parallel to the bc plane with the fumarate dianions and lattice water molecules located between the sheets composed of the chains. A three-dimensional supramolecular network is formed by hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the water molecules and fumarate dianions (Fig. 2).