organic compounds
3,3,4,4,5,5-Hexafluoro-1,2-bis[4-(phenylethynyl)phenyl]cyclopentene
aJiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: wjcblc@sina.com
The title compound, C33H18F6, has a V-shaped conjugated subunit. The dihedral angles between the central cyclopentene ring and the directly attached benzene rings are 32.7 (2) and 53.7 (2)°, respectively. The fluoro substituents are disordered, the occupancies refined to a 0.675 (2):0.325 (2) ratio.
Related literature
The title compound was synthesised with the aim of simulating the characteristics of so-called left-handed materials on a molecular scale. For a theoretical description of left-handed materials, see: Veselago (1968). For experimentally observed left-handed materials, see: Shelby et al. (2000); Chen et al. (2004); Zhou et al. (2006); Zhang et al. (2005); Liu et al. (2007).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536809052040/im2157sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809052040/im2157Isup2.hkl
Synthesis of the title compound was carried out in two steps:(1) 4-bromo-1-phenylethynylbenzene,was obtained in 72.6% yield by the reaction of phenylacetylene (12 g, 0.1 mol) and 1-Bromo-4-iodobenzene (28.29, 0.1 mol) in N(C2H5)3 (150 ml) solution catalyzed by CuI (0.3 g, 1.55 mmol), PPh3 (0.6 g, 2.45 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)Cl2(0.3 g, 0.42 mmol) at 336 K; (2) 1.6 ml of n-BuLi/hexane solution (2.5 mol/L, 4.0 mmol) was added slowly at 195 K under a nitrogen atmosphere to a stirred THF solution (40 ml) containing 4-bromo-1-phenylethynylbenzene (1.03 g, 4 mmol). After 30 min perfluorocyclopentene (0.27 ml, 2 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 h at this temperature. The reaction mixture was extracted with CHCl3, evaporated in vacuo and purifed by δ 7.35(m, 10H), 7.51 (m, 8H)
(hexane) to give the title compound. After recrystallization from CH2Cl2 light yellow-green crystals of the title compound were obtained in 23.4% yield. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3):All H atoms attached to C were fixed geometrically and treated as riding with C—H = 0.93 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). The occupancies of the disordered components refined to a 0.675 (2):0.325 (2) ratio for F1:F1', F2:F2', F3:F3', F4:F4' F5:F5' and F6:F6'.
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2004); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2004); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. Molecular structure showing the atom-labelling scheme. Ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H atoms are represented as small spheres of arbitrary radii. |
C33H18F6 | F(000) = 1080 |
Mr = 528.47 | Dx = 1.323 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 6530 reflections |
a = 16.350 (1) Å | θ = 2.3–25.8° |
b = 9.2893 (7) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
c = 17.980 (1) Å | T = 296 K |
β = 103.654 (1)° | Block, yellow |
V = 2653.6 (4) Å3 | 0.45 × 0.41 × 0.38 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 6087 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3767 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.026 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −21→21 |
Tmin = 0.954, Tmax = 0.961 | k = −12→12 |
22979 measured reflections | l = −23→23 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.109 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0298P)2 + 0.8178P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
6087 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
407 parameters | Δρmax = 0.14 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
C33H18F6 | V = 2653.6 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 528.47 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 16.350 (1) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
b = 9.2893 (7) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 17.980 (1) Å | 0.45 × 0.41 × 0.38 mm |
β = 103.654 (1)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 6087 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 3767 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.954, Tmax = 0.961 | Rint = 0.026 |
22979 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.042 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.109 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | Δρmax = 0.14 e Å−3 |
6087 reflections | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
407 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
C26 | 0.19961 (9) | 1.02109 (17) | 1.03064 (9) | 0.0496 (4) | |
C22 | 0.10730 (11) | 0.6218 (2) | 0.93186 (10) | 0.0611 (4) | |
C23 | 0.13842 (10) | 0.75808 (18) | 0.96494 (9) | 0.0557 (4) | |
C12 | 0.36369 (9) | 1.19273 (17) | 1.01487 (9) | 0.0512 (4) | |
C7 | 0.55877 (11) | 1.1281 (2) | 0.81141 (10) | 0.0687 (5) | |
C20 | 0.04809 (11) | 0.37578 (18) | 0.87084 (9) | 0.0557 (4) | |
C11 | 0.33280 (10) | 1.1354 (2) | 0.94246 (9) | 0.0628 (5) | |
H11 | 0.2761 | 1.1117 | 0.9268 | 0.075* | |
C9 | 0.46915 (10) | 1.1503 (2) | 0.91437 (10) | 0.0623 (5) | |
C21 | 0.08196 (11) | 0.5089 (2) | 0.90495 (10) | 0.0596 (4) | |
C27 | 0.24980 (10) | 0.89899 (19) | 1.04209 (10) | 0.0587 (4) | |
H27 | 0.3046 | 0.9051 | 1.0717 | 0.070* | |
C28 | 0.21994 (11) | 0.76934 (19) | 1.01039 (10) | 0.0618 (4) | |
H28 | 0.2544 | 0.6884 | 1.0193 | 0.074* | |
C8 | 0.52015 (11) | 1.1357 (2) | 0.85985 (10) | 0.0690 (5) | |
C24 | 0.08860 (10) | 0.88041 (19) | 0.95314 (10) | 0.0625 (5) | |
H24 | 0.0342 | 0.8748 | 0.9226 | 0.075* | |
C25 | 0.11797 (10) | 1.01009 (19) | 0.98572 (10) | 0.0594 (4) | |
H25 | 0.0832 | 1.0906 | 0.9777 | 0.071* | |
C6 | 0.60588 (10) | 1.1192 (2) | 0.75391 (10) | 0.0646 (5) | |
C14 | 0.50063 (11) | 1.2050 (2) | 0.98687 (11) | 0.0707 (5) | |
H14 | 0.5575 | 1.2280 | 1.0024 | 0.085* | |
C13 | 0.44917 (10) | 1.2260 (2) | 1.03648 (10) | 0.0647 (5) | |
H13 | 0.4718 | 1.2630 | 1.0851 | 0.078* | |
C15 | −0.02972 (12) | 0.3286 (2) | 0.87935 (11) | 0.0707 (5) | |
H15 | −0.0586 | 0.3821 | 0.9086 | 0.085* | |
C19 | 0.09035 (14) | 0.2938 (2) | 0.82795 (11) | 0.0771 (6) | |
H19 | 0.1431 | 0.3225 | 0.8226 | 0.093* | |
C10 | 0.38442 (11) | 1.1131 (2) | 0.89358 (10) | 0.0689 (5) | |
H10 | 0.3624 | 1.0725 | 0.8458 | 0.083* | |
C1 | 0.58778 (14) | 1.0158 (2) | 0.69804 (13) | 0.0854 (6) | |
H1 | 0.5440 | 0.9514 | 0.6972 | 0.102* | |
C16 | −0.06433 (14) | 0.2039 (3) | 0.84499 (13) | 0.0880 (6) | |
H16 | −0.1163 | 0.1727 | 0.8513 | 0.106* | |
C17 | −0.02255 (19) | 0.1254 (3) | 0.80152 (13) | 0.0992 (8) | |
H17 | −0.0466 | 0.0417 | 0.7776 | 0.119* | |
C4 | 0.71624 (17) | 1.2032 (4) | 0.69872 (17) | 0.1292 (11) | |
H4 | 0.7600 | 1.2673 | 0.6989 | 0.155* | |
C18 | 0.05436 (19) | 0.1691 (2) | 0.79302 (13) | 0.1001 (8) | |
H18 | 0.0827 | 0.1147 | 0.7636 | 0.120* | |
C2 | 0.63364 (18) | 1.0065 (3) | 0.64331 (15) | 0.1086 (8) | |
H2 | 0.6204 | 0.9364 | 0.6054 | 0.130* | |
C5 | 0.67010 (15) | 1.2145 (3) | 0.75389 (14) | 0.1059 (8) | |
H5 | 0.6825 | 1.2864 | 0.7908 | 0.127* | |
C3 | 0.69781 (18) | 1.0985 (4) | 0.64418 (16) | 0.1128 (9) | |
H3 | 0.7294 | 1.0904 | 0.6076 | 0.135* | |
C29 | 0.23397 (9) | 1.15683 (17) | 1.06773 (9) | 0.0498 (4) | |
C30 | 0.30656 (9) | 1.22316 (17) | 1.06528 (9) | 0.0497 (4) | |
C31 | 0.32336 (11) | 1.34507 (19) | 1.12133 (10) | 0.0607 (4) | |
C33 | 0.19144 (12) | 1.2310 (2) | 1.12173 (11) | 0.0687 (5) | |
C32 | 0.24253 (12) | 1.3637 (3) | 1.14835 (12) | 0.0749 (6) | |
F1 | 0.3864 (5) | 1.3132 (8) | 1.1850 (5) | 0.0784 (12) | 0.675 (12) |
F2 | 0.3498 (3) | 1.4682 (7) | 1.0946 (4) | 0.0804 (11) | 0.675 (12) |
F5 | 0.1123 (2) | 1.2516 (6) | 1.1010 (4) | 0.0953 (16) | 0.675 (12) |
F3 | 0.1990 (2) | 1.4774 (4) | 1.1027 (3) | 0.0916 (12) | 0.675 (12) |
F4 | 0.2516 (2) | 1.4078 (6) | 1.2183 (3) | 0.0956 (15) | 0.675 (12) |
F6 | 0.2036 (5) | 1.1456 (4) | 1.1900 (3) | 0.0992 (13) | 0.675 (12) |
F3' | 0.2714 (6) | 1.301 (2) | 1.2310 (3) | 0.139 (5) | 0.325 (12) |
F4' | 0.2128 (5) | 1.4715 (12) | 1.1595 (14) | 0.148 (7) | 0.325 (12) |
F2' | 0.3905 (11) | 1.328 (2) | 1.1726 (11) | 0.120 (6) | 0.325 (12) |
F1' | 0.3278 (12) | 1.4677 (15) | 1.0822 (11) | 0.136 (5) | 0.325 (12) |
F5' | 0.1528 (8) | 1.1542 (8) | 1.1592 (6) | 0.092 (3) | 0.325 (12) |
F6' | 0.1151 (6) | 1.3026 (12) | 1.0670 (6) | 0.093 (3) | 0.325 (12) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C26 | 0.0444 (8) | 0.0530 (9) | 0.0529 (9) | −0.0063 (7) | 0.0145 (7) | 0.0000 (7) |
C22 | 0.0645 (10) | 0.0591 (11) | 0.0634 (11) | −0.0080 (9) | 0.0224 (9) | −0.0028 (9) |
C23 | 0.0567 (9) | 0.0552 (10) | 0.0585 (10) | −0.0098 (8) | 0.0204 (8) | −0.0026 (8) |
C12 | 0.0444 (8) | 0.0555 (10) | 0.0520 (9) | −0.0046 (7) | 0.0082 (7) | 0.0031 (8) |
C7 | 0.0511 (9) | 0.0925 (14) | 0.0618 (11) | 0.0041 (9) | 0.0118 (9) | 0.0063 (10) |
C20 | 0.0668 (10) | 0.0501 (9) | 0.0509 (9) | −0.0051 (8) | 0.0153 (8) | 0.0017 (8) |
C11 | 0.0453 (8) | 0.0886 (13) | 0.0534 (10) | −0.0120 (9) | 0.0092 (7) | −0.0005 (9) |
C9 | 0.0498 (9) | 0.0783 (12) | 0.0593 (10) | 0.0031 (9) | 0.0143 (8) | 0.0063 (9) |
C21 | 0.0644 (10) | 0.0567 (11) | 0.0602 (10) | −0.0057 (9) | 0.0195 (8) | −0.0014 (9) |
C27 | 0.0468 (9) | 0.0619 (11) | 0.0641 (10) | −0.0006 (8) | 0.0066 (8) | −0.0017 (9) |
C28 | 0.0605 (10) | 0.0540 (10) | 0.0703 (11) | 0.0046 (8) | 0.0142 (9) | 0.0003 (9) |
C8 | 0.0511 (9) | 0.0932 (14) | 0.0623 (11) | 0.0046 (9) | 0.0124 (9) | 0.0069 (10) |
C24 | 0.0453 (9) | 0.0628 (11) | 0.0758 (12) | −0.0087 (8) | 0.0072 (8) | −0.0064 (9) |
C25 | 0.0458 (9) | 0.0555 (10) | 0.0746 (11) | −0.0003 (8) | 0.0094 (8) | −0.0026 (9) |
C6 | 0.0513 (9) | 0.0838 (13) | 0.0604 (10) | 0.0053 (9) | 0.0163 (8) | 0.0092 (10) |
C14 | 0.0422 (8) | 0.0988 (15) | 0.0702 (12) | −0.0067 (9) | 0.0113 (8) | −0.0038 (11) |
C13 | 0.0472 (9) | 0.0844 (13) | 0.0604 (10) | −0.0097 (9) | 0.0083 (8) | −0.0096 (9) |
C15 | 0.0685 (11) | 0.0666 (12) | 0.0791 (13) | −0.0076 (10) | 0.0218 (10) | −0.0046 (10) |
C19 | 0.0946 (14) | 0.0682 (13) | 0.0806 (13) | −0.0088 (11) | 0.0448 (12) | −0.0060 (11) |
C10 | 0.0575 (10) | 0.0963 (15) | 0.0522 (10) | −0.0098 (10) | 0.0117 (8) | −0.0062 (10) |
C1 | 0.0902 (15) | 0.0793 (14) | 0.0971 (16) | −0.0048 (12) | 0.0428 (13) | −0.0035 (13) |
C16 | 0.0857 (14) | 0.0859 (16) | 0.0893 (15) | −0.0297 (12) | 0.0142 (12) | −0.0059 (13) |
C17 | 0.148 (2) | 0.0765 (15) | 0.0707 (14) | −0.0385 (16) | 0.0214 (15) | −0.0146 (12) |
C4 | 0.105 (2) | 0.179 (3) | 0.117 (2) | −0.048 (2) | 0.0534 (18) | 0.014 (2) |
C18 | 0.159 (2) | 0.0739 (15) | 0.0832 (15) | −0.0110 (15) | 0.0608 (16) | −0.0200 (12) |
C2 | 0.138 (2) | 0.0981 (18) | 0.1097 (19) | 0.0115 (17) | 0.0701 (18) | −0.0086 (15) |
C5 | 0.1026 (17) | 0.132 (2) | 0.0909 (16) | −0.0434 (16) | 0.0391 (14) | −0.0131 (15) |
C3 | 0.106 (2) | 0.149 (3) | 0.103 (2) | 0.0215 (19) | 0.0633 (17) | 0.0258 (19) |
C29 | 0.0447 (8) | 0.0531 (9) | 0.0512 (9) | −0.0019 (7) | 0.0103 (7) | 0.0012 (7) |
C30 | 0.0443 (8) | 0.0532 (9) | 0.0486 (9) | −0.0021 (7) | 0.0048 (7) | 0.0020 (7) |
C31 | 0.0520 (10) | 0.0613 (11) | 0.0656 (11) | −0.0086 (9) | 0.0076 (9) | −0.0058 (9) |
C33 | 0.0594 (11) | 0.0736 (13) | 0.0803 (13) | −0.0109 (10) | 0.0304 (10) | −0.0131 (11) |
C32 | 0.0639 (11) | 0.0832 (15) | 0.0783 (14) | −0.0063 (11) | 0.0180 (10) | −0.0299 (12) |
F1 | 0.059 (2) | 0.105 (3) | 0.0622 (17) | 0.0063 (17) | −0.0038 (14) | −0.0136 (18) |
F2 | 0.0774 (16) | 0.063 (2) | 0.107 (2) | −0.0201 (11) | 0.0328 (14) | −0.0124 (16) |
F5 | 0.0460 (12) | 0.122 (3) | 0.121 (4) | −0.0099 (17) | 0.0250 (19) | −0.049 (3) |
F3 | 0.0723 (13) | 0.0717 (16) | 0.131 (3) | 0.0201 (11) | 0.0252 (17) | 0.0108 (17) |
F4 | 0.0840 (19) | 0.127 (4) | 0.0782 (18) | −0.015 (2) | 0.0248 (13) | −0.045 (2) |
F6 | 0.133 (4) | 0.1022 (16) | 0.078 (2) | −0.008 (2) | 0.057 (2) | 0.0078 (15) |
F3' | 0.113 (4) | 0.232 (15) | 0.069 (3) | −0.042 (7) | 0.016 (3) | −0.021 (5) |
F4' | 0.097 (5) | 0.093 (6) | 0.262 (19) | −0.011 (4) | 0.059 (8) | −0.091 (9) |
F2' | 0.068 (5) | 0.180 (13) | 0.098 (9) | −0.020 (6) | −0.007 (5) | −0.075 (9) |
F1' | 0.204 (13) | 0.046 (4) | 0.164 (9) | −0.014 (6) | 0.056 (9) | 0.008 (5) |
F5' | 0.115 (6) | 0.092 (3) | 0.088 (5) | −0.015 (4) | 0.061 (5) | −0.010 (4) |
F6' | 0.069 (3) | 0.110 (5) | 0.092 (5) | 0.035 (3) | 0.002 (3) | −0.022 (4) |
C26—C27 | 1.387 (2) | C19—H19 | 0.9300 |
C26—C25 | 1.391 (2) | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
C26—C29 | 1.474 (2) | C1—C2 | 1.373 (3) |
C22—C21 | 1.188 (2) | C1—H1 | 0.9300 |
C22—C23 | 1.439 (2) | C16—C17 | 1.364 (3) |
C23—C24 | 1.385 (2) | C16—H16 | 0.9300 |
C23—C28 | 1.393 (2) | C17—C18 | 1.364 (3) |
C12—C11 | 1.387 (2) | C17—H17 | 0.9300 |
C12—C13 | 1.394 (2) | C4—C3 | 1.364 (4) |
C12—C30 | 1.474 (2) | C4—C5 | 1.385 (3) |
C7—C8 | 1.192 (2) | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
C7—C6 | 1.430 (2) | C18—H18 | 0.9300 |
C20—C19 | 1.380 (2) | C2—C3 | 1.350 (4) |
C20—C15 | 1.388 (2) | C2—H2 | 0.9300 |
C20—C21 | 1.432 (2) | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
C11—C10 | 1.370 (2) | C3—H3 | 0.9300 |
C11—H11 | 0.9300 | C29—C30 | 1.347 (2) |
C9—C14 | 1.380 (2) | C29—C33 | 1.490 (2) |
C9—C10 | 1.390 (2) | C30—C31 | 1.498 (2) |
C9—C8 | 1.435 (2) | C31—F2' | 1.266 (17) |
C27—C28 | 1.372 (2) | C31—F1' | 1.350 (15) |
C27—H27 | 0.9300 | C31—F2 | 1.351 (7) |
C28—H28 | 0.9300 | C31—F1 | 1.380 (8) |
C24—C25 | 1.376 (2) | C31—C32 | 1.522 (3) |
C24—H24 | 0.9300 | C33—F5' | 1.251 (6) |
C25—H25 | 0.9300 | C33—F5 | 1.273 (4) |
C6—C1 | 1.370 (3) | C33—F6 | 1.435 (5) |
C6—C5 | 1.374 (3) | C33—C32 | 1.503 (3) |
C14—C13 | 1.377 (2) | C33—F6' | 1.546 (8) |
C14—H14 | 0.9300 | C32—F4' | 1.151 (7) |
C13—H13 | 0.9300 | C32—F4 | 1.297 (4) |
C15—C16 | 1.371 (3) | C32—F3 | 1.421 (4) |
C15—H15 | 0.9300 | C32—F3' | 1.563 (11) |
C19—C18 | 1.381 (3) | ||
C27—C26—C25 | 118.64 (15) | C3—C4—C5 | 120.3 (3) |
C27—C26—C29 | 118.91 (14) | C3—C4—H4 | 119.9 |
C25—C26—C29 | 122.44 (15) | C5—C4—H4 | 119.9 |
C21—C22—C23 | 179.6 (2) | C17—C18—C19 | 120.2 (2) |
C24—C23—C28 | 118.35 (16) | C17—C18—H18 | 119.9 |
C24—C23—C22 | 121.37 (15) | C19—C18—H18 | 119.9 |
C28—C23—C22 | 120.28 (16) | C3—C2—C1 | 120.4 (3) |
C11—C12—C13 | 117.76 (15) | C3—C2—H2 | 119.8 |
C11—C12—C30 | 120.50 (14) | C1—C2—H2 | 119.8 |
C13—C12—C30 | 121.67 (14) | C6—C5—C4 | 119.8 (2) |
C8—C7—C6 | 179.4 (2) | C6—C5—H5 | 120.1 |
C19—C20—C15 | 118.71 (17) | C4—C5—H5 | 120.1 |
C19—C20—C21 | 121.46 (16) | C2—C3—C4 | 119.9 (2) |
C15—C20—C21 | 119.82 (16) | C2—C3—H3 | 120.0 |
C10—C11—C12 | 121.15 (15) | C4—C3—H3 | 120.0 |
C10—C11—H11 | 119.4 | C30—C29—C26 | 128.39 (14) |
C12—C11—H11 | 119.4 | C30—C29—C33 | 111.11 (15) |
C14—C9—C10 | 118.09 (16) | C26—C29—C33 | 120.24 (14) |
C14—C9—C8 | 122.16 (16) | C29—C30—C12 | 128.56 (15) |
C10—C9—C8 | 119.71 (16) | C29—C30—C31 | 110.29 (14) |
C22—C21—C20 | 177.5 (2) | C12—C30—C31 | 121.10 (14) |
C28—C27—C26 | 121.08 (15) | F2'—C31—F1' | 109.8 (12) |
C28—C27—H27 | 119.5 | F2'—C31—F2 | 93.8 (10) |
C26—C27—H27 | 119.5 | F1'—C31—F1 | 119.5 (9) |
C27—C28—C23 | 120.46 (16) | F2—C31—F1 | 103.8 (5) |
C27—C28—H28 | 119.8 | F2'—C31—C30 | 112.8 (9) |
C23—C28—H28 | 119.8 | F1'—C31—C30 | 108.2 (7) |
C7—C8—C9 | 176.0 (2) | F2—C31—C30 | 115.1 (3) |
C25—C24—C23 | 121.32 (15) | F1—C31—C30 | 112.2 (4) |
C25—C24—H24 | 119.3 | F2'—C31—C32 | 116.8 (10) |
C23—C24—H24 | 119.3 | F1'—C31—C32 | 103.1 (7) |
C24—C25—C26 | 120.14 (16) | F2—C31—C32 | 113.1 (3) |
C24—C25—H25 | 119.9 | F1—C31—C32 | 107.1 (4) |
C26—C25—H25 | 119.9 | C30—C31—C32 | 105.42 (14) |
C1—C6—C5 | 118.96 (19) | F5'—C33—F5 | 68.6 (5) |
C1—C6—C7 | 120.71 (18) | F5—C33—F6 | 105.1 (2) |
C5—C6—C7 | 120.3 (2) | F5'—C33—C29 | 117.4 (3) |
C13—C14—C9 | 121.02 (16) | F5—C33—C29 | 118.5 (3) |
C13—C14—H14 | 119.5 | F6—C33—C29 | 108.1 (2) |
C9—C14—H14 | 119.5 | F5'—C33—C32 | 127.6 (5) |
C14—C13—C12 | 120.90 (16) | F5—C33—C32 | 114.8 (3) |
C14—C13—H13 | 119.5 | F6—C33—C32 | 103.1 (3) |
C12—C13—H13 | 119.5 | C29—C33—C32 | 106.09 (15) |
C16—C15—C20 | 120.58 (19) | F5'—C33—F6' | 98.8 (4) |
C16—C15—H15 | 119.7 | F6—C33—F6' | 135.2 (4) |
C20—C15—H15 | 119.7 | C29—C33—F6' | 102.4 (4) |
C20—C19—C18 | 120.1 (2) | C32—C33—F6' | 98.9 (4) |
C20—C19—H19 | 120.0 | F4'—C32—F4 | 60.9 (10) |
C18—C19—H19 | 120.0 | F4—C32—F3 | 104.6 (3) |
C11—C10—C9 | 121.03 (16) | F4'—C32—C33 | 122.9 (4) |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.5 | F4—C32—C33 | 119.7 (3) |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.5 | F3—C32—C33 | 105.1 (3) |
C6—C1—C2 | 120.6 (2) | F4'—C32—C31 | 126.0 (6) |
C6—C1—H1 | 119.7 | F4—C32—C31 | 115.8 (2) |
C2—C1—H1 | 119.7 | F3—C32—C31 | 104.8 (2) |
C17—C16—C15 | 120.0 (2) | C33—C32—C31 | 105.32 (16) |
C17—C16—H16 | 120.0 | F4'—C32—F3' | 101.8 (7) |
C15—C16—H16 | 120.0 | F3—C32—F3' | 145.5 (6) |
C16—C17—C18 | 120.3 (2) | C33—C32—F3' | 91.0 (6) |
C16—C17—H17 | 119.8 | C31—C32—F3' | 99.8 (5) |
C18—C17—H17 | 119.8 | ||
C13—C12—C11—C10 | −0.4 (3) | C26—C29—C33—F5' | 30.1 (8) |
C30—C12—C11—C10 | 176.79 (17) | C30—C29—C33—F5 | 136.2 (4) |
C25—C26—C27—C28 | −0.4 (2) | C26—C29—C33—F5 | −49.2 (4) |
C29—C26—C27—C28 | 178.34 (15) | C30—C29—C33—F6 | −104.6 (3) |
C26—C27—C28—C23 | 0.8 (3) | C26—C29—C33—F6 | 70.0 (3) |
C24—C23—C28—C27 | −0.4 (3) | C30—C29—C33—C32 | 5.4 (2) |
C22—C23—C28—C27 | −179.93 (16) | C26—C29—C33—C32 | −179.99 (16) |
C28—C23—C24—C25 | −0.6 (3) | C30—C29—C33—F6' | 108.6 (5) |
C22—C23—C24—C25 | 179.00 (16) | C26—C29—C33—F6' | −76.8 (5) |
C23—C24—C25—C26 | 1.0 (3) | F5'—C33—C32—F4' | −71 (2) |
C27—C26—C25—C24 | −0.5 (2) | F5—C33—C32—F4' | 10.4 (18) |
C29—C26—C25—C24 | −179.20 (15) | F6—C33—C32—F4' | −103.3 (17) |
C10—C9—C14—C13 | −1.8 (3) | C29—C33—C32—F4' | 143.2 (15) |
C8—C9—C14—C13 | 176.01 (19) | F6'—C33—C32—F4' | 37.4 (19) |
C9—C14—C13—C12 | −0.1 (3) | F5'—C33—C32—F4 | 1.7 (11) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | 1.2 (3) | F5—C33—C32—F4 | 83.1 (6) |
C30—C12—C13—C14 | −176.01 (17) | F6—C33—C32—F4 | −30.6 (5) |
C19—C20—C15—C16 | −0.8 (3) | C29—C33—C32—F4 | −144.1 (3) |
C21—C20—C15—C16 | 177.85 (18) | F6'—C33—C32—F4 | 110.1 (7) |
C15—C20—C19—C18 | 1.4 (3) | F5'—C33—C32—F3 | −115.4 (10) |
C21—C20—C19—C18 | −177.18 (19) | F5—C33—C32—F3 | −34.0 (5) |
C12—C11—C10—C9 | −1.5 (3) | F6—C33—C32—F3 | −147.7 (4) |
C14—C9—C10—C11 | 2.5 (3) | C29—C33—C32—F3 | 98.8 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −175.31 (19) | F6'—C33—C32—F3 | −6.9 (6) |
C5—C6—C1—C2 | 0.7 (3) | F5'—C33—C32—C31 | 134.3 (8) |
C7—C6—C1—C2 | −179.4 (2) | F5—C33—C32—C31 | −144.4 (4) |
C20—C15—C16—C17 | −0.5 (3) | F6—C33—C32—C31 | 102.0 (3) |
C15—C16—C17—C18 | 1.1 (4) | C29—C33—C32—C31 | −11.5 (2) |
C16—C17—C18—C19 | −0.5 (4) | F6'—C33—C32—C31 | −117.3 (5) |
C20—C19—C18—C17 | −0.8 (3) | F5'—C33—C32—F3' | 33.8 (13) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.6 (4) | F5—C33—C32—F3' | 115.2 (9) |
C1—C6—C5—C4 | −1.2 (4) | F6—C33—C32—F3' | 1.5 (8) |
C7—C6—C5—C4 | 178.9 (2) | C29—C33—C32—F3' | −112.0 (6) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.4 (5) | F6'—C33—C32—F3' | 142.3 (10) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.3 (4) | F2'—C31—C32—F4' | 93.4 (19) |
C5—C4—C3—C2 | 0.8 (5) | F1'—C31—C32—F4' | −27 (2) |
C27—C26—C29—C30 | 52.6 (2) | F2—C31—C32—F4' | −13.8 (15) |
C25—C26—C29—C30 | −128.69 (18) | F1—C31—C32—F4' | 99.9 (15) |
C27—C26—C29—C33 | −120.95 (18) | C30—C31—C32—F4' | −140.4 (15) |
C25—C26—C29—C33 | 57.7 (2) | F2'—C31—C32—F4 | 21.9 (11) |
C26—C29—C30—C12 | 11.8 (3) | F1'—C31—C32—F4 | −98.6 (10) |
C33—C29—C30—C12 | −174.18 (16) | F2—C31—C32—F4 | −85.4 (5) |
C26—C29—C30—C31 | −170.71 (15) | F1—C31—C32—F4 | 28.3 (6) |
C33—C29—C30—C31 | 3.3 (2) | C30—C31—C32—F4 | 148.0 (4) |
C11—C12—C30—C29 | 28.9 (3) | F2'—C31—C32—F3 | 136.5 (11) |
C13—C12—C30—C29 | −153.99 (18) | F1'—C31—C32—F3 | 16.0 (10) |
C11—C12—C30—C31 | −148.36 (17) | F2—C31—C32—F3 | 29.3 (4) |
C13—C12—C30—C31 | 28.7 (2) | F1—C31—C32—F3 | 143.0 (5) |
C29—C30—C31—F2' | 118.0 (11) | C30—C31—C32—F3 | −97.3 (3) |
C12—C30—C31—F2' | −64.3 (11) | F2'—C31—C32—C33 | −112.9 (10) |
C29—C30—C31—F1' | −120.4 (8) | F1'—C31—C32—C33 | 126.7 (8) |
C12—C30—C31—F1' | 57.4 (8) | F2—C31—C32—C33 | 139.9 (3) |
C29—C30—C31—F2 | −136.0 (3) | F1—C31—C32—C33 | −106.4 (4) |
C12—C30—C31—F2 | 41.8 (3) | C30—C31—C32—C33 | 13.3 (2) |
C29—C30—C31—F1 | 105.7 (5) | F2'—C31—C32—F3' | −19.1 (13) |
C12—C30—C31—F1 | −76.6 (5) | F1'—C31—C32—F3' | −139.6 (13) |
C29—C30—C31—C32 | −10.6 (2) | F2—C31—C32—F3' | −126.4 (8) |
C12—C30—C31—C32 | 167.15 (16) | F1—C31—C32—F3' | −12.7 (8) |
C30—C29—C33—F5' | −144.5 (8) | C30—C31—C32—F3' | 107.0 (7) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C33H18F6 |
Mr | 528.47 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 16.350 (1), 9.2893 (7), 17.980 (1) |
β (°) | 103.654 (1) |
V (Å3) | 2653.6 (4) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.11 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.45 × 0.41 × 0.38 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.954, 0.961 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 22979, 6087, 3767 |
Rint | 0.026 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.042, 0.109, 1.01 |
No. of reflections | 6087 |
No. of parameters | 407 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.14, −0.19 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004), SAINT (Bruker, 2004), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
References
Bruker (2004). APEX2 and SAINT. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Chen, H. S., Ran, L. X., Huangfu, J. T., Zhang, X. M., Chen, K. S., Grzegorczyk, T. M. & Kong, J. A. (2004). Phys. Rev. E70, 057605. Google Scholar
Liu, R. P., Degiron, A., Mock, J. J. & Smith, D. R. (2007). Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 263504. Web of Science CrossRef Google Scholar
Shelby, R. A., Smith, D. R., Nemat-Nasser, S. C. & Schultz, S. (2000). Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 489–491. Web of Science CrossRef Google Scholar
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Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
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Zhang, S., Fan, W. J., Panoiu, N. C., Malloy, K. J., Osgood, R. M. & Brueck, S. R. J. (2005). Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 137404. Web of Science CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Left-handed material is a kind of material that exhibits a negative refraction index. It has been explored theoretically by Veselago (1968). In 2000, a two-dimensional isotropic left-handed material was verified showing a negative refraction index (Shelby et al., 2000). From then on, the study of left-handed materials has gained increasing interest in physics-related fields. So far, most of the left-handed materials were realised via micro-processing technologies to integrate a metal into a S-shape (Chen et al., 2004) or H-shape (Zhou et al., 2006) micro-structural unit, therefore achieving a periodic arrangement. However, due to the technology limitations of nano-scale processing technology, most of the successful experimental verification are carried out in the microwave band (Zhang et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2007). Only if the left-handed material structural unit achieves a smaller size, a negative refraction index might be realised in the visible range. Using concepts of chemical synthesis technology to create structural features of left-handed materials at the molecular level might show potential to realise negative refraction in the visible range. The molecular model should exhibit an extended conjugated system providing electrons that are easily excited.
In this article, we tried to simulate structural features of left-handed material and designed a V-shaped conjugated organic molecular structure (Fig. 1). The title compound turns out to be a single-crystal, but whether it is really close to the structural features of left-handed materials or not and how to modify it to exhibit negative refraction, is still under investigation. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring C9—C14 and the adjacent benzene ring C1—C6 is 31.4 (1) °, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring C23—C28 and the adjacent benzene ring C15—C20 is 50.7 (2) °. C7—C8 (1.192 (2) Å) and C21—C22 (1.188 (2) Å) are acetylenic bonds and are therefore significantly shorter than the other carbon carbon bonds. The fluoro substituents at the cyclopentene ring are disordered with occupancies refined to a 0.675 (2):0.325 (2) ratio.