metal-organic compounds
catena-Poly[4,4′-bipyridinium [[diaquadisulfatocadmium(II)]-μ-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′] dihydrate]
aState Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials & Preparation Science, Center of Applied Solid State Chemistry Research, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: xuwei@nbu.edu.cn
The title compound, {(C10H10N2)[Cd(SO4)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, consists of anionic chains of the Cd complex, diprotonated 4,4′-bipyridinium cations and uncoordinated water molecules. In the anionic chain, the Cd atom lies on a center of inversion in an octahedral geometry. The midpoint of the coordinated bipyridine also resides on a center of inversion, as does the non-coordinated bipyridinium counterion. O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding interactions and π–π stacking interactions in the structure are responsible for the supramolecular assembly.
Related literature
For background to the structures, topologies and potential applications of metal-organic frameworks, see: Batten & Robson (1998). For the use of 4,4′-bipyridine (bpy) in the construction of supramolecular architectures, see: Biradha et al. (2006). For the isostructural complex {(H2bpy)[Mn(SO4)2(bpy)(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, see: Fan & Zhu (2005).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 1998); cell RAPID-AUTO; data reduction: RAPID-AUTO; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXL97; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536809051502/om2300sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809051502/om2300Isup2.hkl
0.156 g (1 mmol) 4,4'-bipyridine and 0.151 g (1 mmol) DL-mercaptosuccinic acid were dissolved with stirring in aqueous methanol (20 ml, 1:1 v/v). A total of 0.256 g (1 mmol) CdSO4.8/3H2O was added to the above solution to obtain a cloudy solution (pH = 3.74), which was filtered. The resulting colorless filtrate was maintained at room temperature and afforded colorless crystals two week later by slow evaporation (yield 18% based on the initial CdSO4.8/3H2O input).
H atoms bonded to C atoms were placed in geometrically calculated positions and were refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C). H atoms attached to O atoms were found in a difference Fourier synthesis and refined freely.
Data collection: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 1998); cell
RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 1998); data reduction: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 1998); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. View of the title compound with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 40% probability level. [Symmetry code: #1 = -x + 1, -y + 2, -z + 1; #2 = -x, -y + 1, -z + 1; #3 = -x + 1, -y + 1, -z + 1] | |
Fig. 2. A perspective view of the crystal structure, with hydrogen bonds shown as dashed lines. H atoms not involved in hydrogen bonds have been omitted for clarity. |
(C10H10N2)[Cd(SO4)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O | Z = 1 |
Mr = 690.97 | F(000) = 350 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.840 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.0150 (14) Å | Cell parameters from 5820 reflections |
b = 9.4166 (19) Å | θ = 3.4–27.5° |
c = 10.020 (2) Å | µ = 1.12 mm−1 |
α = 74.69 (3)° | T = 295 K |
β = 88.95 (3)° | Block, light-yellow |
γ = 77.89 (3)° | 0.25 × 0.23 × 0.17 mm |
V = 623.7 (2) Å3 |
Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID diffractometer | 2797 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2572 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.028 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.4° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) | h = −8→9 |
Tmin = 0.760, Tmax = 0.830 | k = −12→12 |
6106 measured reflections | l = −12→12 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.023 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.058 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0368P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2797 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
198 parameters | Δρmax = 0.61 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.35 e Å−3 |
(C10H10N2)[Cd(SO4)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O | γ = 77.89 (3)° |
Mr = 690.97 | V = 623.7 (2) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 1 |
a = 7.0150 (14) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 9.4166 (19) Å | µ = 1.12 mm−1 |
c = 10.020 (2) Å | T = 295 K |
α = 74.69 (3)° | 0.25 × 0.23 × 0.17 mm |
β = 88.95 (3)° |
Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID diffractometer | 2797 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) | 2572 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.760, Tmax = 0.830 | Rint = 0.028 |
6106 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.023 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.058 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.61 e Å−3 |
2797 reflections | Δρmin = −0.35 e Å−3 |
198 parameters |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Cd1 | 0.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.01975 (7) | |
S1 | 0.29197 (7) | 1.15768 (5) | 0.17257 (4) | 0.02264 (11) | |
O1 | 0.1945 (2) | 0.84005 (18) | −0.11454 (17) | 0.0314 (3) | |
H1A | 0.136 (6) | 0.833 (4) | −0.175 (4) | 0.088 (14)* | |
H1B | 0.290 (4) | 0.868 (3) | −0.157 (3) | 0.043 (8)* | |
O2 | 0.2561 (2) | 1.08582 (18) | 0.06347 (15) | 0.0317 (3) | |
O3 | 0.3055 (3) | 1.31472 (19) | 0.10627 (17) | 0.0436 (4) | |
O4 | 0.1344 (2) | 1.15595 (19) | 0.27022 (15) | 0.0368 (4) | |
O5 | 0.4799 (2) | 1.0756 (2) | 0.24417 (17) | 0.0450 (4) | |
N1 | 0.0296 (2) | 0.79779 (18) | 0.20108 (16) | 0.0239 (3) | |
C1 | 0.0538 (3) | 0.6552 (2) | 0.19390 (19) | 0.0256 (4) | |
H1 | 0.0766 | 0.6356 | 0.1081 | 0.031* | |
C2 | 0.0466 (3) | 0.5356 (2) | 0.30742 (19) | 0.0243 (4) | |
H2 | 0.0672 | 0.4381 | 0.2975 | 0.029* | |
C3 | 0.0080 (3) | 0.56194 (19) | 0.43746 (18) | 0.0196 (3) | |
C4 | −0.0128 (3) | 0.7102 (2) | 0.44466 (19) | 0.0252 (4) | |
H4 | −0.0347 | 0.7334 | 0.5290 | 0.030* | |
C5 | −0.0006 (3) | 0.8224 (2) | 0.3263 (2) | 0.0262 (4) | |
H5 | −0.0140 | 0.9204 | 0.3338 | 0.031* | |
N2 | 0.4126 (3) | 0.3731 (2) | 0.85093 (18) | 0.0298 (4) | |
H2A | 0.385 (4) | 0.344 (3) | 0.929 (3) | 0.036 (7)* | |
C6 | 0.4633 (3) | 0.2724 (2) | 0.7777 (2) | 0.0308 (4) | |
H6 | 0.4744 | 0.1704 | 0.8203 | 0.037* | |
C7 | 0.4990 (3) | 0.3192 (2) | 0.6395 (2) | 0.0284 (4) | |
H7 | 0.5344 | 0.2489 | 0.5886 | 0.034* | |
C8 | 0.4823 (3) | 0.4724 (2) | 0.57526 (19) | 0.0237 (4) | |
C9 | 0.4306 (3) | 0.5733 (2) | 0.6567 (2) | 0.0331 (5) | |
H9 | 0.4192 | 0.6761 | 0.6178 | 0.040* | |
C10 | 0.3968 (3) | 0.5197 (3) | 0.7943 (2) | 0.0346 (5) | |
H10 | 0.3624 | 0.5867 | 0.8486 | 0.041* | |
O6 | 0.2828 (3) | 0.9313 (2) | 0.5331 (2) | 0.0477 (4) | |
H6A | 0.257 (5) | 1.003 (4) | 0.462 (3) | 0.057 (9)* | |
H6B | 0.376 (5) | 0.956 (4) | 0.572 (4) | 0.064 (10)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cd1 | 0.02501 (11) | 0.01778 (10) | 0.01586 (10) | −0.00645 (7) | −0.00012 (7) | −0.00191 (7) |
S1 | 0.0271 (2) | 0.0267 (3) | 0.0168 (2) | −0.01104 (19) | 0.00086 (18) | −0.00635 (18) |
O1 | 0.0293 (8) | 0.0344 (8) | 0.0308 (8) | −0.0052 (6) | 0.0055 (7) | −0.0106 (6) |
O2 | 0.0315 (7) | 0.0432 (9) | 0.0301 (8) | −0.0156 (6) | 0.0030 (6) | −0.0206 (7) |
O3 | 0.0716 (11) | 0.0319 (9) | 0.0338 (8) | −0.0240 (8) | 0.0179 (8) | −0.0110 (7) |
O4 | 0.0407 (8) | 0.0481 (10) | 0.0286 (8) | −0.0195 (7) | 0.0121 (7) | −0.0154 (7) |
O5 | 0.0375 (8) | 0.0620 (12) | 0.0330 (9) | −0.0084 (8) | −0.0092 (7) | −0.0093 (8) |
N1 | 0.0291 (8) | 0.0226 (8) | 0.0183 (7) | −0.0080 (6) | −0.0015 (7) | −0.0005 (6) |
C1 | 0.0338 (10) | 0.0258 (10) | 0.0164 (8) | −0.0068 (8) | 0.0011 (8) | −0.0037 (7) |
C2 | 0.0332 (10) | 0.0187 (9) | 0.0208 (9) | −0.0060 (7) | 0.0016 (8) | −0.0048 (7) |
C3 | 0.0207 (8) | 0.0179 (9) | 0.0177 (8) | −0.0035 (7) | −0.0011 (7) | −0.0010 (7) |
C4 | 0.0368 (10) | 0.0207 (9) | 0.0179 (8) | −0.0064 (8) | 0.0009 (8) | −0.0043 (7) |
C5 | 0.0383 (10) | 0.0175 (9) | 0.0214 (9) | −0.0072 (8) | −0.0010 (8) | −0.0014 (7) |
N2 | 0.0336 (9) | 0.0325 (10) | 0.0217 (9) | −0.0090 (7) | 0.0035 (8) | −0.0031 (7) |
C6 | 0.0348 (10) | 0.0243 (10) | 0.0290 (10) | −0.0048 (8) | 0.0015 (9) | −0.0007 (8) |
C7 | 0.0317 (10) | 0.0235 (10) | 0.0284 (10) | −0.0033 (8) | 0.0025 (8) | −0.0062 (8) |
C8 | 0.0219 (8) | 0.0244 (10) | 0.0233 (10) | −0.0054 (7) | −0.0015 (7) | −0.0033 (7) |
C9 | 0.0461 (12) | 0.0251 (11) | 0.0285 (10) | −0.0098 (9) | 0.0034 (9) | −0.0059 (8) |
C10 | 0.0466 (12) | 0.0317 (11) | 0.0279 (10) | −0.0106 (9) | 0.0039 (10) | −0.0107 (8) |
O6 | 0.0668 (12) | 0.0383 (10) | 0.0360 (10) | −0.0107 (9) | −0.0098 (9) | −0.0058 (8) |
Cd1—O2 | 2.2821 (14) | C3—C3ii | 1.491 (3) |
Cd1—O2i | 2.2821 (14) | C4—C5 | 1.379 (3) |
Cd1—O1 | 2.3324 (17) | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
Cd1—O1i | 2.3324 (17) | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
Cd1—N1 | 2.3562 (18) | N2—C10 | 1.328 (3) |
Cd1—N1i | 2.3562 (18) | N2—C6 | 1.334 (3) |
S1—O4 | 1.4625 (16) | N2—H2A | 0.80 (3) |
S1—O5 | 1.4713 (17) | C6—C7 | 1.373 (3) |
S1—O3 | 1.4747 (17) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
S1—O2 | 1.4793 (14) | C7—C8 | 1.397 (3) |
O1—H1A | 0.77 (4) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
O1—H1B | 0.84 (3) | C8—C9 | 1.397 (3) |
N1—C1 | 1.338 (2) | C8—C8iii | 1.494 (4) |
N1—C5 | 1.341 (2) | C9—C10 | 1.373 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.382 (3) | C9—H9 | 0.9300 |
C1—H1 | 0.9300 | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
C2—C3 | 1.401 (3) | O6—H6A | 0.84 (3) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | O6—H6B | 0.87 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.394 (3) | ||
O2—Cd1—O2i | 180.0 | C1—C2—C3 | 119.64 (17) |
O2—Cd1—O1 | 93.80 (6) | C1—C2—H2 | 120.2 |
O2i—Cd1—O1 | 86.20 (6) | C3—C2—H2 | 120.2 |
O2—Cd1—O1i | 86.20 (6) | C4—C3—C2 | 116.60 (16) |
O2i—Cd1—O1i | 93.80 (6) | C4—C3—C3ii | 121.4 (2) |
O1—Cd1—O1i | 180.0 | C2—C3—C3ii | 122.0 (2) |
O2—Cd1—N1 | 94.14 (6) | C5—C4—C3 | 119.85 (17) |
O2i—Cd1—N1 | 85.86 (6) | C5—C4—H4 | 120.1 |
O1—Cd1—N1 | 89.48 (6) | C3—C4—H4 | 120.1 |
O1i—Cd1—N1 | 90.52 (6) | N1—C5—C4 | 123.46 (18) |
O2—Cd1—N1i | 85.86 (6) | N1—C5—H5 | 118.3 |
O2i—Cd1—N1i | 94.14 (6) | C4—C5—H5 | 118.3 |
O1—Cd1—N1i | 90.52 (6) | C10—N2—C6 | 121.81 (19) |
O1i—Cd1—N1i | 89.48 (6) | C10—N2—H2A | 119.5 (19) |
N1—Cd1—N1i | 180.00 (7) | C6—N2—H2A | 118.6 (19) |
O4—S1—O5 | 110.73 (10) | N2—C6—C7 | 120.1 (2) |
O4—S1—O3 | 109.56 (11) | N2—C6—H6 | 119.9 |
O5—S1—O3 | 108.83 (11) | C7—C6—H6 | 119.9 |
O4—S1—O2 | 110.99 (9) | C6—C7—C8 | 120.0 (2) |
O5—S1—O2 | 108.04 (10) | C6—C7—H7 | 120.0 |
O3—S1—O2 | 108.62 (9) | C8—C7—H7 | 120.0 |
Cd1—O1—H1A | 110 (3) | C7—C8—C9 | 117.66 (19) |
Cd1—O1—H1B | 118.7 (19) | C7—C8—C8iii | 121.5 (2) |
H1A—O1—H1B | 100 (3) | C9—C8—C8iii | 120.8 (2) |
S1—O2—Cd1 | 134.77 (9) | C10—C9—C8 | 119.6 (2) |
C1—N1—C5 | 117.01 (16) | C10—C9—H9 | 120.2 |
C1—N1—Cd1 | 121.51 (12) | C8—C9—H9 | 120.2 |
C5—N1—Cd1 | 121.00 (13) | N2—C10—C9 | 120.7 (2) |
N1—C1—C2 | 123.39 (17) | N2—C10—H10 | 119.6 |
N1—C1—H1 | 118.3 | C9—C10—H10 | 119.6 |
C2—C1—H1 | 118.3 | H6A—O6—H6B | 101 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+2, −z; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (iii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O4i | 0.76 (4) | 2.11 (4) | 2.797 (2) | 150 |
O1—H1B···O5iv | 0.84 (3) | 1.93 (3) | 2.765 (2) | 177 |
O6—H6A···O4 | 0.83 (3) | 2.14 (3) | 2.955 (3) | 165 |
O6—H6B···O5v | 0.87 (4) | 2.04 (4) | 2.788 (6) | 144 |
N2—H2A···O3vi | 0.79 (3) | 1.82 (3) | 2.602 (6) | 170 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+2, −z; (iv) −x+1, −y+2, −z; (v) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1; (vi) x, y−1, z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | (C10H10N2)[Cd(SO4)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O |
Mr | 690.97 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 295 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.0150 (14), 9.4166 (19), 10.020 (2) |
α, β, γ (°) | 74.69 (3), 88.95 (3), 77.89 (3) |
V (Å3) | 623.7 (2) |
Z | 1 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.12 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.25 × 0.23 × 0.17 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.760, 0.830 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 6106, 2797, 2572 |
Rint | 0.028 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.023, 0.058, 1.06 |
No. of reflections | 2797 |
No. of parameters | 198 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.61, −0.35 |
Computer programs: RAPID-AUTO (Rigaku, 1998), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O4i | 0.76 (4) | 2.11 (4) | 2.797 (2) | 150 |
O1—H1B···O5ii | 0.84 (3) | 1.93 (3) | 2.765 (2) | 177 |
O6—H6A···O4 | 0.83 (3) | 2.14 (3) | 2.955 (3) | 165 |
O6—H6B···O5iii | 0.87 (4) | 2.04 (4) | 2.788 (6) | 144 |
N2—H2A···O3iv | 0.79 (3) | 1.82 (3) | 2.602 (6) | 170 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+2, −z; (ii) −x+1, −y+2, −z; (iii) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1; (iv) x, y−1, z+1. |
Acknowledgements
This project was sponsored by the K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University and supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (grant No. 2006 C21105), the Education Department of Zhejiang Province and the Scientific Research Fund of Ningbo University (grant No. XYL08012).
References
Batten, S. R. & Robson, R. (1998). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 37, 1460–1494. CrossRef Google Scholar
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Over the past few decades, much attention has been devoted to the research of novel materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), motivated by their intriguing structures, new topologies, and potential applications (Batten & Robson, 1998). Since the onset, 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) has been widely used to construct supramolecular architectures, for it has two potential binding sites which are arranged in a divergent (exo) fashion and has a rigid structure which will help in the predictability of network geometries (Biradha, et al., 2006). In the present contribution, we report a new cadmium complex, {(H2bpy)[Cd(SO4)2(bpy)(H2O)2].2H2O}n, which is isostructural with the previously reported complex {(H2bpy)[Mn(SO4)2(bpy)(H2O)2].2H2O}n (Fan & Zhu, 2005).
As shown in Fig. 1, the structure consists of {[Cd(SO4)2(bpy)(H2O)2)]2-}n complex anionic chains, 4,4'-bipyridinium dications and hydrate molecules. The unique Cd atom is coordinated in a slightly distorted octahdedral environment by two N atoms from two bridging 4,4'-bipyridine ligands, two O atoms from two sulfate ligands and two O atoms from two water ligands with Cd—O = 2.282 (1) Å, 2.332 (2) Å and Cd—N = 2.356 (2) Å. The Cd ions are bridged by bpy ligands to give linear –Cd-bpy-Cd- chains, in which the neighbouring cadmium ions are seperated by 11.80 Å. Each sulfate anion acts as a monodentate ligand, and through intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions with coordinating H2O ligands, hydrate molecules and 4,4'-bipyridinium dications to form the three-dimensional network (d(O···O) = 2.765–2.955 Å and d(O···N) = 2.602 Å) (Fig.2 and Table 1). The 4,4'-bipyridinium dications with the neighboring bpy in the one-dimensional chains form π-π stacking interactions with a distance of about 3.42 Å.